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¥ÀæPÀluÉ : ¥Àæ¸ÁgÁAUÀ,
«±ÉéñÀégÀAiÀÄå vÁAwæPÀ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
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qÁ. J¯ï. wªÉÄäñÀ
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¥ÉÆæ. «. PÉñÀªÀªÀÄÆwð
¸À®ºÁUÁgÀgÀÄ,
«±ÉéñÀégÀAiÀÄå vÁAwæPÀ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ¨É¼ÀUÁ«.
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ
(¸ÀAªÀºÀ£ÀPÁÌV PÀ£ÀßqÀ)
(Vyavaharika Kannada)
Semester: II B.Arch and III / IV B.E/B.Tech
Course Code: 18KVK28/39/49 CIE Marks: 100
Contact Hours/Week: 02 hour Tutorial SEE Marks: ---
Credit: 01
Date : ……………
Signature of the
Class incharge teacher
Chapter - 1
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ßÀ qÀ - ¥ÀjZÀAiÀÄ
Introduction to Vyavaharika Kannada
1.0 Necessity of learning a local langauge:
The learning of local language
Teaches and encourages respect for other peoples: it fosters an understanding of the
interrelation of language and human nature.
Expands one’s view of the world, liberalize one’s experiences, and make one more
flexible and tolerant.
Limit the barriers between people: barriers cause distrust and fear.
Open the door to art, music, dance, fashion, cuisine, film, philosophy, science…
Leads to an appreciation of cultural diversity.
Helps communication skills.
Language learning helps develop strong cognitive skills, such as a better concept formation,
mental flexibility, multitasking, listening skills and problem-solving, in addition to improving
social interaction and encouraging connection between peers.
Use of local language help to mingle with the local society, ensures security, nice welcoming
from auto/cab drivers, shop owners, employees of local government etc., and make the living
easier and more comfortable.
Chapter – 2
The Kannada letters in Kannada are called aksharagalu (CPÀëgÀUÀ¼ÄÀ ). Kannada script
(aksharamale or varnamale) has 49 letters (akshara or varna) and are classified into 3
categories: Svara (Vowels), Vyanjana (Consonants) and Yogavahaka (semiconsonants or part
vowel, part consonants). Kannada is written and read from left to right.
Table – 2.1
Kannada vowels along with equivalt English and Hindi letters
A– अ- C Aa - आ - D I– इ- E I: - ई - F
(I to be pronounced as in (I to be pronounced as in
the start of easy) the start of east)
U- उ - G U - ऊ- H RU - ऋ - ಋ E- ए- J
(E to be pronounced as in
everest)
E: - NHl* - K AI - ऐ-L O– ओ- M O: - NHl - N
(E to be pronounced as in
the start of aeoplane
AU – औ - O Am – अं - CA Aha - अ: - C:
*
NHl – No Hindi letter
Table – 2.2
Kannada Consonants along with equivalent English and Hindi letters
Ka – क - PÀ Kha - ख - R Ga – ग - UÀ Gha – घ - WÀ Inya - ङ - k
Cha - च - ZÀ Chha – छ - bÀ Ja – ज - d Jha - झ - gÀhÄ Nya - ञ - Y
Ta - ट - l Ttha – ठ - oÀ Da – ड - qÀ Dha – ढ - qsÀ Nna - ण - t
Tha – त - vÀ Thaa - थ- xÀ Dha - द - zÀ Dhaa- ध -zsÀ Na - न - £À
Pa - प - ¥À Pha - फ - ¥sÀ Ba – ब - § Bha – भ - ¨sÀ Ma - म - ªÀÄ
Table – 2.3
Kannada unstructured consonants along with equivalent English and Hindi letters
Ya - य - AiÀÄ Ra - र - gÀ La - ल - ® Va - व - ªÀ Sha - श - ±À
Unstructured consonants are a speech sound produced by human beings when the breath that
flows out through the mouth is blocked by the teeth, tongue, or lips.
Table – 2.4
Kannada unstructured consonants
Am - अं - CA Aha - अ: - C:
These Kannada stress words require Higher pitch, greater length, and greater loudness during
pronunciation. In the above examples stress is decided by mma and ppa.
However in English, stress words are formed with the use of English letters itself appearing
successively like in words Committee, See, Luggage, College, Engineering etc. Here the stress
letters are mm, tt,ee,ee, gg, ll and ee respectively.
Stress words needs extra energy to show up with higher pitch, greater length, and greater
loudness.
English versionof the Kannada stress letters [vattakshara (Ottakashara)] are shown in Table –
2.5 to assist the pronunciation of the same.
Table –2.5
Kannada stress letters along with English stress letters
Double consonants from kka (PÀ) to hha (¼À)
PÀÌ RÍ UÀÎ WÀÏ YÐ
kka khkha gga ghgha nnya
ZÀÑ bÀÒ dÓ gÀhÄÔ kÕ
cca chcha jja jhjha nnya
lÖ oÀ× qÀØ qsÀÙ tÚ
ta ththa dda dhdha nna
vÀÛ xÀÜ zÀÝ zsÀÞ £Àß
tta ththa dda dhdha nna
¥Àà ¥sÀá §â ¨sÀã ªÀÄä
ppa phpha bba bhbha mma
AiÀÄå gÀæ ®è ªÀé ±Àê
yya rra lla vva ssha
µÀë ¸Àì ºÀí ¼Àî PÀë÷
shsha ssa hha lla Kssha
Example:
Union of vowels with consonant “ka” is illustrated in Table – 2.6.
Table – 2.6
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 10
In a similar way guṇithakshara’s of other consonants from ‘ka (PÀ)’ to ‘La (¼À)’ also can be
formed.
The Kannada writing system involves consonants appearing with an inherent vowel.
For this purpose, the Kannada vowels and consonants and their equivalent English and Hindi
versions are given in the Table – 2.7, 2.8 and 2.9. The underlining of the English letters
specifies how the Kannada letters are to be pronounced.
Table – 2. 7
Kannada Vowels
Pronunciation
Sound of the Kannada vowel is as at the start or any where
Equivalent
Kannada
English
Vowel
1 C A or a अ At/America/Upside/Urge/Aside/…
2 D Aa आ Australia/Africa/On/Arch/Ask/…
3 E I इ It/Ink/Indonesia/Equal/Eat/Issue,Paying/Payee /His/…
4 F I: ई Eat/ Eshwara( Lord Shiva),Easy/ Feet/Jeep/ Seat/Neat/…
5 G U उ Urugauy/Uttarakanda/Woo/Urdu/ Upanishads/…
6 H U: ऊ Urjit Patel/Oofi/Ooze/…
7 R ऋ Rushi (Saint) in Kannada (Rushi is pronounced as Rishi in
Hindi)
8 Ru ॠ Has become obsolete
9 J E ए Ate/Eight/Effgi/Etching/Estimate/X-ray/Elephant/…
10 K E: -- Aeroplane/Aerial/Air/Asian/…
11 L Ai ऐ Eiffel tower/Identity/Isometric/Island/…
12 M O ओ Original/ Oval/Oral, Go/Though/….
13 N O: -- Vote/Overtime/Own/Oolite/…
14 O AU औ Aurangabad/Owl/Outgrowth/Out/…
Pronunciation
Equivalent
Consonant
English
Hindi
English word. Prounciation of English word is as per English –
Sl
Kannada dictionary, Published by Mysore University, 1999.
No
1 PÀ Ka क Cut/Custodian/Country/Compare/Cadaver/Kerchief/
Kerbstone/…
2 R Kha ख Khalanayak (A Kannada and Hindi word)
3 UÀ Ga ग Galah/Galenic/Gazette/Girl/Girder/Government/Gulf
Gum/Gun/Gaggle/Google/…
4 WÀ Gha घ Ghana (an African Country)
5 Y nna ङ …
6 ZÀ Cha च Chirpily/Church/Chubby/Chuckle/Chunk/Churn/…
7 bÀ Chha छ ChhatrapatiShivaji/…
8 d Ja ज Just/German/Germanium/…
9 gÀhÄ Jha झ Jhansi Rani Lakshmi Bai/Jharkhand/…
10 k Iyna ञ …
11 l Ta ट Tough/Touch/Taboo/Tarantula/Tercet/Terminal/Ton/
Tunnel/Turbo/Turkey/ Turn/…
12 oÀ Tha ठ oÀ as in tthakkar
(tthakkar is a Kannada and Hindi word. Meaning thief in
English)
13 qÀ Da ड Double/Dove-colour/Done/Dozen/Dubbing/Duck/Dump
/Dust/…
14 qsÀ Dha ढ Pronounced as Da ‘qÀ’ with higher pich and loudness.
15 t NNa ण t as in AnnaHazare
16 vÀ Ta त Thermic/Thermometer/Third/Thirty/Thorough/Thunder/
Thursday/…
17 xÀ Tha थ Pronounced as Ta ‘xÀÀ’ with higher pich and loudness.
…
18 zÀ Da द Thus/That/…
19 zsÀ Dha ध Dharmaraya
(Head of Pandavas)
20 £À Na न Nothing/None/…
21 ¥À Pa प Paramesha/ Paramatma
22 ¥sÀ Pha फ First
23 § Ba ब Bust/ Bun/Burden/ Ballon/
24 ¨sÀ Bha भ Bharatha (Brother of bhagavan Sri Rama)
25 ªÀÄ Ma म Mummy/ Monky/Money/Mud/
Table – 2.9
Kannada unstructured consonants
English
University, 1999.
1 AiÀÄ Ya य Young/Yummy/Yum-Yum/…
2 gÀ Ra र Run/Rung/Rust/Russia/Rural/…
3 ® La ल London/Love/Laconic/Lacuna/…
4 ªÀ Va व One/Won/World/Verse/Version/Vertebra/Voracious/
oracious/ …
5 ±À Sha श Shakila/Sharif/Shatabdi express/
6 µÀ Sha ष Shut/Shunt/Shovel/
7 Sa स Sun/Summer/Summary/Sulphur/Subway/Somebody/Son/…
mebody/Son/…
8 ºÀ Ha ह Hulk/Hull/Hum/Haeem/Hajj/Hazard/…
9 ¼À Lla No Lla sound is rarely used in English but a common sound in
Hindi many Kannada words like in Bangaluru / Belagavi
gavi /Mangala
/Manga
letter /…
10 PÀë Ksha No English word starts with the letters Ksha. One of
the example of English word where it appears as
ksha is Auto-rikshaw.
The words that start with Ksha and much used in Indian
languages are:
Kshama (Forgiveness) (Sanskrit and Kannada: मा ) /
Kshatriya(Hindi and Kannada: ि य ) / Moksha (Hindi and
Kannada:मो ) / …
Exercise – 1:
Match the following Kannada alphabet with the given equivalent version of English.
Table – 2.10
Sl Kannada Sl English version of the Write the number of the English
no alphabet no Kannada alphabet version against the Kannada alphabet
1 C i Cha Example: iv
2 G ii Ka
3 L iii Sa
4 O iv A
5 PÀ v U
6 ZÀ vi Ai
7 AiÀÄ vii Ga
8 gÀ viii Ra
9 UÀ ix Au
10 ¸À x Ya
Exercise – 2:
Match the following Kannada alphabetwith the given equivalent version of English.
Table – 2.11
Sl Kannada Sl English version of the Write the number of the
no alphabet no Kannada alphabet English version against the
Kannada alphabet
1 E i Va Example: vii
2 H ii Na
3 M iii Ma
4 d iv Ja
5 l v Ta
6 ¥À vi Pa
7 ªÀ vii I:
8 £À viii U:
9 ªÀÄ ix O
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 15
10 ºÀ x Ha
Exercise – 3:
Write the equivalent English version choosing from the following list given below.
Ya, a, u, cha, ai, ga, ka, au, e, o, ja, ma, la,i, ra
Table – 2.12
Sl Kannada alphabet Write the equivalent version of the English
no shown at the end of the table.
1 ZÀ Example: cha
2 AiÀÄ
3 gÀ
4 C
5 G
6 L
7 O
8 PÀ
9 UÀ
10 J
11 E
12 M
13 d
14 ªÀÄ
15 ®
Exercise – 4:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (Vowels), pronounce the words given in the table -
2.13 and write four times the Kannada alphabets and its English version as indicated in the first
row.
Table – 2.13
Write the Kannada alphabet (Vowel) in the boxes
English
Kannada Vowel below.
Vowel
1 2 3 4
A C as in at A C A C A C A C
Aa D as in America Aa D Aa D Aa D Aa D
I E as in interest
I: F as in Eshwara or eat
U G as in Uttara Pradesh
U: H as in UrjitPatel
Ru IÄ as in rhyme
E J as in elephant
E: K as in Aeroplane
Ai L as in Airavatha
(Airavatha is the name of one of
the KSRTC luxury buses)
O M as in Oval
O: N as in Orient
Au O as in Aurangabad
Exercise – 5:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (structured consonant), pronounce the following
words given in the table - 2.14 and write the Kannada alphabets four times and its English
version as indicated in the first and second rows.
Table – 2.14
English Kannada Consonant Write the Kannada alphabet (Consonants ) in the
Consonant boxes below.
1 2 3 4
Ka PÀ as in cup Ka PÀ Ka PÀ Ka PÀ Ka PÀ
Kha R as in Khalanayak Kha R Kha R Kha R Kha R
(A Kannada and Hindi
word)
Ga UÀ as in gun
Gha WÀ as in Ghana(Ghana
is one of the African
countries)
Cha ZÀ as in Church
Chha bÀ as in
ChhatrapatiShivaji
Ja d as in journal
Jha gÀhÄ as in ledger
Ta l as in Tapperware
oÀ as in tthakkar
Tha (tthakkar is a Kannada and
Hindi word. Meaning thief
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 17
in English)
Da qÀ as in Done
Dha qsÀ Pronounced as Da
‘qÀ’ with higher pich
and loudness.
Na t as in AnnaHazare
Tha vÀ as in Thirty
Ththa xÀ Pronounced as
Ta ‘xÀÀ’ with higher
pich and loudness.
Da zÀ as in Thus
Dha zsÀ as in Dharmaraya
(Head of Pandavas)
Na £À as in Nothing
Pa ¥À as in Paramesha/
Paramatma
Pha ¥sÀ as in First
Ba § as in Bun
Bha ¨sÀ as in Bharatha
(Brother of Lord Srirama)
Ma ªÀÄ as in
Exercise – 6:
To accustom with the Kannada alphabets (structured consonant), pronounce the following
words given in the table – 2.15 and write the Kannada alphabets four times and its English
version as indicated in the first row.
Table – 2.15
English Kannada Write the Kannada alphabet (Consonants) in the boxes
Consonant Consonant below.
1 2 3 4
Ya AiÀÄ as in young Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ Ya AiÀÄ
Ra gÀ as in Ravi
La ® as in Love
Va ªÀ as inOne/Won
Sha ±À as in Shatabdi
express train/ Shani
Ssha µÀ as in Shut
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 18
Sa ¸À as in Summer
Ha ºÀ as inHoney
Lla ¼À as in
Ksha PÀë as in Moksha
dÕ as in Sarvagna
(Name of Kannada
Jna poet. Jna to be
pronounced as gna
along with Sarva)
Exercise – 7:
Identify and practice the Kannada stress word/sin the sentences given in the Table – 2.16. [As
Kannada version of English transcription can be spelt in different ways, one of the ways has
been considered for the present example. ]
Table – 2.16
Kannada sentence written using
English letters and Write and underline the
Sentence in English
Kannada sentence written in Kannada Stress word
Kannada
Namaaskara Example: Namaskara
Hello, Namaaskara £ÀªÀi¸ÁÌgÀ
Neevu Chen nnaagiddira
How are you? ¤ÃªÀÅ ZÉ£ÁßV¢ÝÃgÀ
Naanuchennnaagiddene
I am fine. £Á£ÀÄ ZÉ£ÁßVzÉÝãÉ
Chennagiddene. Dhanyavaada
Fine, thank you. ZÉ£ÁßVzÉãÉ, zsÀ£ÀåªÁzÀUÀ¼ÄÀ
Hogibarutthene
Goodbye
ºÉÆÃV§gÀÄ ೕ£É
Chapter – 3
The conversation may be the combination of words belonging to singular, and/or plural, gender,
interrogation, opposite,homophones,feelings and emotions,number, clour, metals, household
articles, animals, measurement related, time , directions, living place, family members, relatives,
grocery items, fruits, vegetables, human body parts, food items, etc. The common terms, required
for colloquial and formal converstion are considered in this part.
Tables –3.1
Ekaavachana (JPÀªÀZÀ£À) [Singular noun]
English Meaning of the English word in Kannada Kannada word written in
words [Kannada word written in English] kannada langauge
I Nanu £Á£À Ä
You Ninu ¤Ã£ÀÄ
He Avanu CªÀ£ÀÄ
She Avalu CªÀ¼ÄÀ
Mine Nanna £À£Àß
Me Nanu/ Nanage/Nannannu(In Different Contexts) £Á£ÀÄ/£À£U À É/£À£ÀߣÀÄß
You Ninnannu ¤£ÀߣÀÄß
By Me Nanninda £À¤ßAzÀ
To Me Nanage £À£ÀUÉ
With Me Nannondige £À£ÉÆßA¢UÉ
With Her Avalondige CªÀ¼Æ É A¢UÉ
With Him Avanondige CªÀ£ÉÆA¢UÉ
For Me/To Me Nanagagi £À£ÀUÁV
For Me Nanagoskara £À£ÀUÉÆøÀÌgÀ
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 20
Tables - 3.2
Bhahuvachana(§ºÀĪÀZÀ£)À [Plural noun]
Kannada word
English Meaning of the English word in kannada
written in kannada
words [Kannada word written in English]
langauge
We Naavu £ÁªÀÅ
You Niivu ¤ÃªÀÅ
They Avaru CªÀgÀÄ
Ours Namma £ÀªÀÄä
Us Namma/ Namage/ Namminda(In Different £ÀªÀÄä/£ÀªÀÄUÉ/£À«ÄäAzÀ
Contexts)
Them Avarige CªÀjUÉ
By us Namminda £À«ÄäAzÀ
By you Tamminda vÀ«ÄäAzÀ
To us Namage £ÀªÀÄUÉ
With us Nammondige £ÀªÉÆäA¢UÉ
With you Nimmondige ¤ªÉÆäA¢UÉ
With them Avarondhige CªÀgÉÆA¢UÉ
For us Namagagi £ÀªÀÄUÁV
Than them Avarigintha CªÀjVAvÀ
In us Nammalli £ÀªÀÄä°è
Exercises – 1
Match theKannada singular words in List –A with the equivalent English version in List - B and
write the correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List - B.
Table – 3.3
Meaning of the
Kannada word written in
Sl Sl Kannada word in
English List - C
no no English
List – A List - B
1 Nanu i By Me Example: iv
2 Ninu ii To Me
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 21
Exercises – 2
Match the Kannada plural words in List –A with the equivalent English version in List - B and
write the correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List - B.
Table – 3.4
Kannada word written in Meaning of the Kannada
Sl Sl
English word in English List - C
no no
List – A List - B
1 Navu i Us Example: vi
2 Nivu ii Their
3 Avaru iii By you
4 Nimma iv To us
5 Namma v Your
6 Avara vi We
7 Namage vii You
8 Avarige viii Them
9 Nimminda ix By us
10 Tamminda xi They
Exercises – 3
Table – 3.5
¤ªÀÄävÀAzÉ£Á?
Ravi Yes sir, he is my Houdu sir, evaru namma ºËzÀÄ,
father. tande. ¸Àgï.EªÀgÀÄ £À£Àß
vÀAzÉ.
Raj Who is the girl Ninna jothegiruva hudugi ¤£Àß eÉÆvÉVgÀĪÀ
with you? yaaru? ºÀÄqÀÄV AiÀiÁgÀÄ?
Ravi She is my sister. Avalu nanna tangi. CªÀ¼ÄÀ £À£Àß vÀAV.
Raj What is her name. Avala hesaru enu? CªÀ¼À ºÉ¸gÀ ÀÄ
J£ÀÄ?
Ravi Her name is Avala hesaru Ramya. CªÀ¼À ºÉ¸gÀ ÀÄ
Ramya. gÀªÀÄå
Exercises – 4
Table - 3.6
Write the English
English Transcription Transcription of
Conversation between
of the kannada Kannada Sentence the kannada
persons
Sentence Singular/Plural
words
Hello, namaskara Hello, namaskara ºÀ¯ÉÆÃ, £ÀªÀĸÁÌgÀ
Namaskara Namaskara £ÀªÀĸÁÌgÀ
I am Ravi Nanu ravi, £Á£ÀÄ gÀ«.
He is Raghu. Ivaru raghu EªÀgÄÀ gÀWÀÄ
Table - 3.7
Masculine gender pullinga ¥ÀÄ°èAUÀ
Male Ganadasu UÀAqÀ¸ÀÄ
Boy Huduga/Taruna ºÀÄqÀÄUÀ/vÀgÀÄt
He Avanu CªÀ£ÀÄ
King Raja/Arasa gÁd/CgÀ¸À
Clever Boy Jaana eÁt
Male Servant Gandalu UÀAqÁ¼ÀÄ
Cock Hunja ºÀÄAd
He Buffalo Kona PÉÆÃt
Youth (He) Taruna vÀgÀÄt
Blind Man Kuruda PÀÄgÀÄqÀ
A noun that denotes female like girl, lady, woman, wife, etc.
Table - 3.8
Feminine gender Streelinga ¹Ûçà °AUÀ
Female Hengasu ºÉAUÀ¸ÀÄ
Girl Hudugi/taruni ºÀÄqÀÄV/ vÀgÀÄtÂ
She Avalu CªÀ¼ÄÀ
Queen Arasi/raani ಅರ / gÁtÂ
A noun having no sex like books, pen, pencil, chair, etc. Sometimes some of the netuters like
ships, trains, cranes, cars etc., are affectionally given a feminine gender (i.e., called she).
Table - 3.9
Neutergender Napumsakaa linga £À¥ÀÄA¸ÀPÀ °AUÀ
Animal Praani ¥ÁætÂ
Color/colour Banna §tÚ
Coin Nanya £Átå
People Jana/janaru d£À/d£ÀgÀÄ
Cloth Batte §mÉÖ
Tree Mara ªÀÄgÀ
Gold Bangara/chinna §AUÁgÀ/a£Àß
Metal Loha ¯ÉÆúÀ
Things Vastugalu ªÀ¸ÀÄÛUÀ¼ÀÄ
Game Aata Dl
Drama Nataka £ÁlPÀ
.Book Paustaka ¥ÀĸÀÛPÀ
Table Meju ªÉÄÃdÄ
A noun that do not denote definite sex and it can be either of the two sexes like adult,farmer,
soldier, spouse, baby, child, parent, teacher etc.
Table - 3.10
Common Genger Samanya linga ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå °AUÀ
Baby Shishu
Child Magu ಮ
Friend Shnehitha à ತ
Parent Poshaka ೕಷಕ
Exercises – 5
Exercises – 6
Exercises – 7
Exercises – 8
Write the words corresponding to Samanya linga ( Common genders)
(Other than what is mentioned in table 3.10.)
Common gender Samanya linga
Exercises – 9
Match the genders given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table - C
Exercises – 10
Match the genders given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table – C
English
English word Write the correct serial number of the
Sl Transcription
Sl equivalent to gender in list - B against the gender given
no of kannada
no Kannada word in list – A.
word
List - A List - B List - C
1 Praani i Color Ex: xii
2 Banna ii Coin
3 Nanya iii Baby
4 Jana iv Child
5 Batte v Friend
6 Mara vi Cloth
7 Bangara vii Tree
8 Loha viii Gold
9 Banna ix Metal
10 Nanya xi People
11 Jana xi People
12 Shishu xii Animal
13 Magu xiii Color
14 Shnehitha xvi Coin
Exercises – 11
Write the Kannada gender/s involved in Kannada sentences (List – A) in the last column
(List – D).
Kannada Sentences and Meaning of the Sentences written in Write the kannada
written using English Kannada sentences in kannada langauge gender/s involved
letters kannada in kannada
sentences
List – A List – B List – C List –D
avanu elli? Where is he? CªÀ£ÀÄ J°è? Example: Pullinga
avalu yaru? Who is she? CªÀ¼ÄÀ AiÀiÁgÀÄ?
avalu radha. She is Radha. CªÀ¼ÄÀ gÁzsÀ.
edu hennu magu. This is female baby. EzÀÄ ºÉtÄÚ ªÀÄUÀÄ.
Nanna maga obba My son is a student. £À£Àß ªÀÄUÀ M§â
vidyarthi. «zÁåyð.
Often interrogative or questioning words are used in communication. In English, they are what,
why, when, where, who, whom, and how. They are sometimes called wh-words, because
in English most of them start with wh. In Kannada, the words eenu (what), yaake (why),
yaavaga (when), eelli (where), yaaru (who), yaarinda (whom), heege (how) etc., are the
Prashnarthaka padagalu (Interrogative words).Some of the Prashnarthaka padagalu are given in
the table – 3.11
Tables – 3.11
Prashnarthaka padagalu- ¥Àæ±ÁßxÀ9vÀPÀ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Equivalent Kannada word
Kannada words written using English letters English words written in kannada
langauge
Enu What K£ÀÄ
Yavudu Which AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ
Elli Where J°è
Yake Why AiÀiÁPÉ
Estu How much JµÀÄÖ
Heege (starting pronounciation is as with heaven) How ºÉÃUÉ
Yarige To whom AiÀiÁjUÉ
Yarinda By whom AiÀiÁjAzÀ
Yavaga When AiÀiÁªÁUÀ
Adu enu/ enadhu What is it CzÀÄ J£ÀÄ /K£ÀzÀÄ
The following sentences in table – 3.12 gives some idea how the Prashnarthaka padagalannu
can be used in sentences.
Table – 3.12
Equivalent English
Kannada sentences written using Kannada vakyagalu written in
sentences
English letters kannada langauge
Exercises – 12
Identify the Kannada Prashnarthaka padagalunu in the first column of the table – 3.13 and write
the same using English letters in the last column.
Table – 3.13
Kannada sentences written Equivalent English Kannada vakyagalu Write the Kannada
using English letters written in kannada Prashnarthaka
langauge padagalunuusing
English letters.
Avaru yaaru? Who is that? CªÀgÀÄ AiÀiÁgÀÄ? Example: yaaru.
Avaru hesaru enu? What is his name? CªÀgÀ ºÉ¸ÀgÄÀ K£ÀÄ?
Mysure elli ide? Where is Mysore? ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ J°èzÉ?
Tables – 3.14
Viruddha padagalu - «gÀÄzÀÝ ¥ÀzÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
Kannada Viruddha English version of Kannada Kannada Viruddha padagalu
padagalu written using Viruddha padagalu written using kannada langauge
English letters
Pada Viruddha pada Word Antonym ¥ÀzÀ «gÀÄzÀÝ ¥ÀzÀ
houdu Illa yes no ºËzÀÄ E®è
Sari thappu right wrong ¸Àj vÀ¥ÀÄà
sari Sari illa Okey Not okay ¸Àj ¸Àj¬Ä®è
Kappu Bilipu Black White PÀ¥ÀÄà ©¼ÀÄ¥ÀÄ
Beku Beda Want Do not want ¨ÉÃPÀÄ ¨ÉÃqÀ
Hogu Bhaa Go Come ºÉÆÃUÀÄ ¨Á
Thege/th Muchchu Open Close vÉUÉ / ªÀÄÄZÀÄÑ /
egi (bagilannu /kada (as in open the (as in close the ¨ÁV®£ÀÄß ¨ÁV®£ÀÄß ªÀÄÄZÀÄÑ
(bagilannu muchchu) door) door)
/kada vÉUÉ
thege or
thegi)
Madu Maadabeda Do Don’t do ªÀiÁqÀÄ ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃqÀ
Kulithuk Nillu Sit down Get up PÀĽvÀÄPÉÆà ¤®Äè
o
Aamele I:ga/eega Later Now DªÉÄÃ¯É FUÀ
Veghava Nidhanavagi Fast Slow ªÉÃUÀªÁV ¤zsÁ£ÀªÁV
gi
Haku Hakabeda Put Don’t put ºÁPÀÄ ºÁPÀ¨ÉÃqÀ
Exercises – 13
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column.
Tables –3.15
Sl Kannada word/vakya and Sl Kannada word and its Write the correct
no its equivalent English word no equivalent English word Kannada matching
List - A List - B opposite word under
the List - B
1 Bisi (hot) i Kadime (low) Example: x: thampu
2 Ona (dry) ii Nunupu (smooth)
3 Bega (fast) iii Hasi (wet)
4 Hechchu(high) iv Hosadu (new)
5 Mele (top) v Kirudaada (narrow)
6 Belaku (light) Avanu tappadha uttara
vi
helidhanu
Etharavillada
(Short; with reference to
7 vii Kathale (dark)
measurement)
8 Haleyadu (old) viii Ratri (night)
9 Vistaravada (wide) ix Nidaana (slow)
10 Ooratu (rough) x Thampu (cold)
11 Avanu sariyada uttara xi Kelage (below)
helidhanu.
12 Hagalu (day) xii Ethara (tall)
When certain Kannada words are not properly pronounced, it may convey different meaning
than the intended. For example, if alli (there) is pronounced as halli (Lizard), then it will not
convey the meaning of alli. A list of similar pair is shown in Table – 3.16
Tables -3.16
Asamanjasa Uchcharane oolagaguva Padagalu
Words that are susceptible for inappropriate pronounciation
Sl. Kannada words written in Kannada word written English word
No English in kannada langauge
1 Akki CQÌ Rice
Learning of the Kannada Numbers is very useful in day today conversation. Like in
English,
Kannada has cardinal and ordinal numbers. While cardinal numbers (moolaankagalu - -in
Kannada) like one, two, three, etc., are used for counting, ordinal numbers (stanasuchaka/
kramasuchaka - - in Kannada)like first, second, third etc., are used to represent the rank or
position of something and not the quantity. The Table – 3.17 and Table – 3.18 shows the
English cardinal numbersi.e., Kannada moolaankagalu and ordinal numbers i.e., sthana
suchaka/ karma suchaka respectively.
Tables – 3.17
Kannada Kannada moolaankagalu i.e., English cardinal numbers
Numbers in kannada
(equivalent of English) Kannada numbers
Arabic (English)numbers in written in kannada
[Kannada numbers written using
English letters] langauge
Figure Word sankeygalalli Aksharadalli
0 Zero ೦ Soonne/ shunya ¸ÉÆ£Éß/±ÀÆ£Àå
1 One ೧ Ondhu MAzÀÄ
2 Two ೨ Yeradu JgÀqÀÄ
3 Three ೩ Mooru ªÀÄÆgÀÄ
4 Four ೪ Naalku £Á®ÄÌ
5 Five ೫ Aidhu LzÀÄ
6 Six ೬ Aaru DgÀÄ
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 33
Tables – 3.18
stanasuchaka/ kramasuchakai.e., ordinal numbers
Numbers in kannada stanasuchaka/
(equivalent of English) kramasuchaka
Arabic (English)numbers in numbers written in
[Kannada numbers written using
English letters] kannada langauge
Figure Word sankegalalli Aksharadalli
1st First ೧£ÉÃAiÀÄ Ondhane MAzÀ£É
2nd Second ೨£ÉÃAiÀÄ Yeradane JgÀqÀ£É
3rd Third ೩£ÉÃAiÀÄ Moorane ªÀÄÆgÀ£É
4th Fourth ೪£ÉÃAiÀÄ Naalkane £Á®Ì£É
5th Fifth ೫£ÉÃAiÀÄ Aidhane LzÀ£É
6th Sixth ೬£ÉÃAiÀÄ Aarane DgÀ£É
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada Sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.19).
Tables –3.19
English numbers Kannada numbers
ಕನ ಡ ಅಂ ಗ
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.20)
Tables – 3.20
English numbers Kannada numbers
ಕನ ಡಅಂ ಗ
Exercises – 14
Match theEnglish Numbers in List –A with the Kannada snakeygalu in List - B and write the correct
answer under List C selecting the serial number from List – A (Refer to Table 3.21)
Tables –3.21
Sl English Numbers Kannada snakeygalu in aksharagalalli
no
Sl no List - C
List – A List - B
1 19 Nineteen i Hadinelu ºÀ¢£ÉüÀÄ Example: 6
2 5 Five ii Hadinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
3 7 Seven iii Hattombattu ºÀvÉÆÛA§vÀÄÛ
4 8 Eight iv eḷu K¼ÀÄ
5 9 Nine v nalku £Á®ÄÌ
6 18 Eighteen vi aidu LzÀÄ
7 80 Eighty vii aru DgÀÄ
8 17 Seventeen viii oṃbattu MA§vÀÄÛ
9 6 Six ix enṭu JAlÄ
10 4 Four xi Embaththu JA§vÀÄÛ
Exercises - 15
Match the English Numbers in List –A with the Kannada snakeygalu in List - B and write the
correct answer under List C selecting the serial number from List – A (Refer to Table 3.22).
Tables –3.22
Sl English Numbers Kannada snakeygalu in aksharagalalli
no
Sl no List - C
List – A List - B
1 10 Ten i Tombaththeradu vÉÆA§vÉÛÃgÀqÀÄ Example: 2
2 11 Eleven ii Hattu ºÀvÀÄÛ
3 12 Twelve iii Tombaththu vÉÆA§vÀÄÛ
4 13 Thirteen iv Nooru £ÀÆgÀÄ
5 14 Fourteen v hadhinentu ºÀ¢£ÉAlÄ
6 15 Fifteen vi Ippattu E¥ÀàvÀÄÛ
Reading Practice:
Read the numbers written in Kannada sanke and in Kannada without glanceing into English
version (Refer to table – 3.23).
Tables –3.23
English numbers Kannada numbers
ಕನ ಡಅಂ ಗ
Tables –3.24
Name of the vegetables Name of the vegetables in Name of the vegetables in
in English Kannada written using Kannada written in
English letters Kannada
Bay leaves karibEvina soppu PÀgÀ¨Éë£À ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Beans huraLikaayi ºÀÄgÀĽPÁ¬Ä
Brinjal badanekaayi §zÀ£PÉ Á¬Ä
Capsicum donne meNasinakaayi zÉÆÃuÉÚ ªÉÄt¹£ÀPÁ¬Ä
Cauliflower hoo kOsu ºÀÆ PÉÆøÀÄ
Coriander Leaves kothambari soppu PÉÆÃvÀA§j ¸ÉÆÃ¥ÀÄà
Cucumber southekaayi ¸ËvÉPÁ¬Ä
Drumstick nuggekaayi £ÀÄUÉÎÃPÁ¬Ä
Garlic beLLuLLi ¨É¼ÄÀ î½î
Ginger shunTi ±ÀÄAp
Ladies finger benDekaayi ¨ÉAqÉPÁ¬Ä
Onion eeruLLi FgÀĽî
Potato aalu gaDDe C®ÆUÀqÉØ
Pumpkin kumbaLakaayi PÀÄA§¼ÀPÁ¬Ä
Spring Onion eeruLLi hoova FgÀÄ½î ºÀƪÀÅ
Often, weights and measurements in provision stores, fruits and vegetable markets may be
fraction of kilogram and liter. In such cases, the contempory usage words are given in the
Table – 3.25.
Tables –3.25
Fractional weights and measurements
In English In Kannada
PÁ®Ä PÉf CxÀªÁ
¼ kg or liter Quarter kg or liter Kalu kg or liter °Ãlgï
CzsÀð PÉf CxÀªÁ
½ kg or liter Half kg or liter Ardha kg or liter °Ãlgï
ªÀÄÄPÁÌ®Ä PÉf CxÀªÁ
¾ kg or liter Three quarter kg or liter Mukkalu kg or liter °Ãlgï
MAzÀÄ PÉf CxÀªÁ
1 kg or liter One kg or liter Ondhu kg or liter °Ãlgï
1 ¼ kg or One and one quarters kg or MAzÀÄ PÁ®Ä PÉf
Ondu kalu kg or liter CxÀªÁ °Ãlgï
liter liter
1 ½ kg or One and one half kg or Onduvarekg or liter MAzÀƪÀgÉ PÉf CxÀªÁ
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 40
Discription of some of the popular menu of Karnataka for breakfact, lunch, dinner and tea time
snacks are narrated in the following paragraphs.
Idli:It is made by steaming a batter of rice andone of the favourite dishes of south India. Idli is
served with chatney and sambar. Tatte (plate) idli, is a plate sized variant of idli from Karnataka.
Uddina Vade /Vada:It is made of uddu (Urd dal) and a fried in oil. It is served either along with
idli or separately.
Dose (Dosa in Malayalam and Telugu and Dosai in Tamil): The ingrdients of Dose are akki (rice)
and uddinabele (Urd dal) and a dash of salt.Traditionally, dose is served with chutney. Varities of
dosa are sada dose, set dose etc.
Masale Dose:It is a crisp dosa with red chutney and mashed potato filling in it. It is served also
with chutney, sambar.
Benne Masale Dose: It is butter masala dose and has originated from the city of Davangere in
Karnataka. It is served with liberal helpings of butter sprinkled on it.This makes the dish enticing
in both flavor and aroma.
Neer Dose:The word neer means water in Kannada and Tulu language. Neer dosa is a very
famous dish in coastal Karnataka region and is rice dosa.
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 41
A cup of uppittu
A bowl of chitranna
Bisi Bele Bath:It isprepared using rice, thogari bele (toor/Tur dal) and vegetables.
Mysore Pak: Mysore pak originally called as Mysore paka (Paaka means a sweet syrup) is made
of sakkare (Sugar), thuppa (Ghee) and Kadale hittu (Gram flour) with or without elakki
(Cardamom).
Mysore pak
Jamoon or Jamun: It is a milk based (hallkova) sweet. It is often garnished with dried nuts such as
almonds to enhance flavour. It is also known as gullab jamoon.
Jamoon or Jamun
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 43
Kunda: It is a delicious milk sweet dessert. Belgaum where Vivesvaraya Technological University is
located is famous for kunda.
Kunda
Karadandu (PÀgÀzÀAlÄ): It is a sweet delicacy made of edible gum mixed with dry fruits and has a
chewy texture.
Karadantu
Menasinakai bajji
Tables –3.26
Aahara padarthagaLa Hesarugalu - Names of the Food Items
Exercises – 16
Match the words given in Table - A and Table – B and write the correct answer in Table – C
Tables –3.27
Write the number of
Sl Kannada word written in Sl the English word
English word
no. English no against the kannada
word
1 Akki i Ragi Example: xi
2 Avalakki ii Jowar
3 Mandakki puri iii Corn
4 Godhi iv Oats
5 Rave v Puffed rice
6 Raagi vi Wheat
7 Jola vii Tapioca root
8 Muskin jola viii Flour
9 Sabbakki ix Flat wheat
10 Hittu x Rice
The terms involved with samaya (time),dinada avadigalu ( different blocks of time within a 24 hour
day), vaarada dinagalu (week days),ruthumana (season) etc., are given in Table – 3.28.
Tables –3.28
Samaya /Kalakke Sambhandhisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Time
English Transcription of the kannada Kannada word English word
word
Second ¸ÉPÀAqï Second
Minute ¤«ÄµÀ Nimisha
Gante UÀAmÉ Hour
Kaala/samaya/vele PÁ®/¸ÀªÄÀ AiÀÄ/ ªÉÃ¼É Time
Beligge ¨É½UÉÎ Morning
Madhyahna ªÀÄzÁåºÀß Noon
Sanje ¸ÀAeÉ Evening
Ratri gÁwæ Night
Dina ¢£À Day
Vara ªÁgÀ Week
Tingalu wAUÀ¼ÀÄ Month
Varsha ªÀµÀð Year
Somavara ¸ÉÆêÀĪÁgÀ Monday
Mangalavara ªÀÄAUÀ¼ÀªÁgÀ Tuesday
Budhavara §ÄzsÀªÁgÀ Wednesday
Guruvara UÀÄgÀĪÁgÀ Thursday
Shukravara ±ÀÄPÀæªÁgÀ Friday
Shanivara ±À¤ªÁgÀ Satarday
Bhanuvara/ravivara ¨Á£ÀĪÁgÀ/gÀ«ªÁgÀ Sunday
Besige ¨ÉùUÉ Summer
Malegala ªÀļÉUÁ® Rainy season
Chaligala ZÀ½UÁ® Winter
Tables –3.29
Dikkugalige sambhadisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Directions
English Transcription of the kannada Kannada word English word
word
Poorva ¥ÀƪÀð East
Pashchima ¥À²ÑªÀÄ West
Uttara GvÀÛgÀ North
Dakshina zÀQët South
Vayuvya ªÁAiÀÄĪÀå Northwest
Ishyanya F±Áå£Àå Northeast
Aagneya DUÉßÃAiÀÄ Southeast
Nairuthya £ÉÊIÄvÀå Southwest
Side ¥ÀPÀÌ/§¢ Pakka/ badhi
Bala §® Right
Eda JqÀ Left
Madya ªÀÄzsÉå Centre
Mele ªÉÄÃ¯É Up
Kelage PɼÀUÉ Down
Munde ªÀÄÄAzÉ Front
Hinde »AzÉ Back
Olage M¼ÀUÉ Inside
Horage ºÉÆgÀUÉ Out,outside
Sutthalu / sutthamuttha ¸ÀÄvÀÛ®Ä / Around
¸ÀÄvÁÛªÀÄÄvÁÛ
Ellakade J¯ÁèPÀqÉ Everywhere
Tiruga muraga wgÀÄUÁ ªÀÄÄgÀUÁ Upside down
Ulta / thalekelagaagi G¯ÁÖ / vÀ¯ÉPɼUÀ ÁV Upside-down
Ikade / e-pakka FPÀqÉ / F¥ÀPÀÌ This side
Akade / a-pakka DPÀqÉ / D¥ÀPÀÌ That side
Tudi vÀÄ¢ Edge
Tables –3.30
Manushyana Bhavanegalige sambandisida Padagalu
Words Relating to Human’s feelings and Emotions
Meaning of the English word in
Kannada word written in
English word kannada
kannada langauge
[Kannada word written in English]
Affection Vatsalya ªÁvÀì®å
Anger Sittu / koopa / munisu ¹lÄÖ / PÉÆÃ¥À/ ªÀÄĤ¸ÀÄ
Anxious Aatanka DvÀAPÀ
Courage Dhairya zsÉÊAiÀÄð
Cruel Krourya PËæAiÀÄð
Fear Hedarike ºÉzj À PÉ
Feelings Bhavanegalu ¨sÁªÀ£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ
Friendship Sneha ¸ÉßúÀ
Happy Santosha ¸ÀAvÉÆõÀ
Kindness Daye zÀAiÉÄ
Laugh Nagu £ÀUÀÄ
Love Preethi/prema/ ¦æÃw / ¥ÉæêÀÄ
Pain Novuu £ÉÆêÀÅ
Pity Karune ಕರು
Pleasure Khushi RĶ
Revenge Sedu ¸ÉÃqÀÄ
Sarrow Dukka zÀÄ:R
Scold Regu gÉÃUÀÄ
Weep Alu C¼ÀÄ
Exercise:
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column.
Tables –3.31
Manushyana manavana shareerada bhagagalu
Part of the Part of the body in Kannada Part of the Part of the body in Kannada
body in body in
English English
Head Taley vÀ¯É Neck Kuttige PÀÄwÛUÉ
Hair Kudalu PÀÆzÀ®Ä Back Bennu ¨É£ÀÄß
Face Mukha ªÀÄÄR Waist Sonta ¸ÉÆAl
Ear Kiwi Q« Hand Kai PÉÊ
Ears Kivigalu Q«UÀ¼ÀÄ hands Kaigalu PÉÊ UÀ¼ÄÀ
Nose Mugu ªÀÄÆUÀÄ Finger Beralu ¨ÉgÀ¼ÄÀ
Exercise: 16
Match the words in List – A and List – B and write the correct answer in the last column (Refer
to Table -3.32).
Tables –3.32
English version of the
Kannada word
Sl Sl Kannada word Write the number of the English
no List - A no List - B version against the kannada word
Tables –3.33
Sambhandhada/ Sambhandhaakke sambhadisida padhagalu
Words Relating to Relationship
English Transcription of the Kannada word English word
kannada word
Kutumba/samsara PÀÄlÄA§/¸ÀA¸ÁgÀ Family
¸ÀA§AzsÀzÀ /
Yajamaan AiÀÄdªÀiÁ£À Head of family(male)
Yajamani AiÀÄdªÀiÁ¤ Head of family(female)
Ganda/pati UÀAqÀ/¥Àw Husband
Hendati/patni ºÉAqÀw/¥Àwß Wife
Maga ªÀÄUÀ Son
Magalu ªÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ Daughter
Tande/appa vÀAzÉ/C¥Àà Father
Tayi/amma vÁ¬Ä/CªÀÄä Mother
Ajja/thata CdÓ/vÀCvÀ Grand father
Ajji CfÓ Grand mother
Anna CtÚ Elder brother
Tamma vÀªÀÄä Younger brother
Akka CPÀÌ Elder sister
Tangi vÀAV Younger sister
Atte CvÉÛ Mother-in-law
Maava ªÀiÁªÀ Father-in-law
Sose ¸ÉÆ¸É Sons wife
Aliya C½AiÀÄ Son in-law
Mommakkalu ªÉƪÀÄäPÀ̼ÄÀ Grand childrens
Mommaga ªÉƪÀÄäUÀ Grand son
Tables –3.34
vasada ssTalakke sambhadisida hagu eethare padhagalu
Words Relating to Place of Living and other words
English Transcription of the Kannada word English word
kannada word
Jaga eÁUÀ Place
Mane,gruha ªÀÄ£É,UÀȺÀ House
Kotadhi PÉÆoÀr Dwelling
Roomu gÀƪÀÄÄ Room
Aduge mane CqÀÄUÉ ªÀÄ£É Kitchen
Snanadha mane/ bachalu ¸ÁߣÀzÀ ªÀÄ£É/§ZÀÑ®Ä ªÀÄ£É/ Bathroom
mane/sowcha gruha ¸ÀéZÀÑ UÀȺÀ / ±ËZÁ®AiÀÄ
Malaguva mane ªÀÄ®UÀĪÀ ªÀÄ£É Bedroom
Athitigruha CwyUÀȺÀ Guest house
Hajara ºÀeÁgÀ Drawing room
Kalimane SÁ°ªÀÄ£É Vacant house
Badige mane ¨ÁrUÉ ªÀÄ£É Rented room
Swanta mane ¸ÀéAvÀ ªÀÄ£É Own house
Dodda mane zÉÆqÀØ ªÀÄ£É Big house
Sanna mane ¸ÀtÚ ªÀÄ£É Small house
Aramane CgÀªÀÄ£É Palace
Bamgale §AUÀ¯É Bunglow
Gudisalu UÀÄr¸À®Ä Hut
Kattada PÀlÖqÀ Building
Mettilu ªÉÄnÖ®Ä Steps
Gode UÉÆÃqÉ Wall
Tarasi vÁgÀ¹ Roop
Kampound PÀA¥ËAqÀÄ Compound
Chilaka a®PÀ Latch
Kondi PÉÆAr Hook
Biga ©ÃUÀ Lock
Badavane §qÁªÀuÉ Extension
Beedi ©Ã¢ Street
The general communication words aregiven in the Table – 3.35 for better insight to the
langauge.
Tables – 3.35
Saamanya Sambhashaneyalli /Samvanadalli Bhalasuvanthaha Padagala
Words used in the general communication
English Transcription of the kannada Kannada word English word
word
Sumaru ¸ÀĪÀiÁgÀÄ Approximate
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 55
Chapter - 4
Example:
In Kannada : Rama, Kalam, John
In English : Rama, Kalam, John
In Hindi : Rama, Kalam, John
In French : Rama, Kalam, John
Pronoun is a word used instead of noun (to avoid the repeated use of
noun). For example instead of saying my friend speaks 3 to 4 languages,
one can use the pronoun he or she,and thensay he speaks 3 to 4 languages.
A list of Kannada pronouns which are used in day today communication are
given in the table – 4.2.1.
Table – 4.2.1
Kannada pronouns
English Meaning of the English words in Kannada word
words Kannada written in
[Kannada words written in English] Kannada
language
I Naanu £Á£ÀÄ
We Naavu £ÁªÀÅ
you Niinu ೕನು
he Avanu ಅವನು
she Avaḷu ಅವಳು
they Avaru ಅವರು
It Idu / adu ಇದು / ಅದು
me Nanna / nanage ನನ / ನನ
you Ninna / ninage ನ / ನ
him Avanige ಅವ
her Avaḷige ಅವ
us Namage ನಮ
my Nanna ನನ
your Ninna ನ
his Avana ಅವನ
her Avaḷa ಅವಳ
our Namma £ÀªÀÄä
their Avara CªÀgÀ
The sentences in Kannada supported English version (Table – 4.2.2) exemplifies the
usage of Kannada pronouns.
Table – 4.2.2
Meaning of the Kannada Write the
English Sentences Sentences written Kannada
English Sentences
Kannada and written in Kannada Pronoun/s
List - A
in English language under
List - B List –B
£Á£ÀÄ ¤ªÀÄUÉ ºÀt Example:
Naanu nimage hana
I will give you money. PÉÆqÀÄvÉÛãÉ. Nanu and
koduttene.
nimage.
Avaru ninne avaḷannu CªÀgÀÄ ¤£Éß CªÀ¼À£ÄÀ ß
They visited her yesterday. ¨sÉÃn ªÀiÁrzÀgÀÄ.
bheti madiddaru.
Can you tell me your Nivu nanage nimma ¤ÃªÀÅ £À£UÀ É ¤ªÀÄä
name? hesaru heluvira? ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ ºÉüÀÄ«ÃgÁ?
Avanu avarige ahara CªÀ£ÀÄ CªÀjUÉ
He gave them the food. DºÁgÀ PÉÆlÖ£ÀÄ.
kottanu.
I am your friend. Naanu nimma snehita. £Á£ÀÄ ¤ªÀÄä ¸ÉßûvÀ.
¤ÃªÀÅ CvÀåAvÀ
Nivu atyanta vegavagi ªÉÃUÀªÁV
You speak very fast.
matanaduthiri. ªÀiÁvÀ£ÁqÀÄwÛÃj.
Avana baḷi mooru ಅವನ ಬ ಮೂರು
He has three dogs.
nayigaḷive. ಾ ಗ .
Navu tadavagi £ÁªÀÅ vÀqÀªÁV
We will not come late. §gÀĪÀÅ¢®è.
baruvudilla.
This is my house. Idu nanna mane. ಇದು ನನ ಮ .
Some of the Kannada adjective words are given in the Table – 4.3.1.
Table – 4.3.1
Meaning of the English Kannada word
English
words in kannada written in
words
[Kannada words written kannada
in English] langauge
Good Olleya M¼ÉîAiÀÄ
Bad Kettadu PÉlÖzÀÄ
Small Chikkadu aPÀÌzÀÄ
Big Doddadu zÉÆqÀØzÀÄ
Eeleya/kiriya/vayassagirada J¼ÉAiÀÄ/ QjAiÀÄ/
Young ªÀAiÀĸÁìVgÀzÀ
Old Haleyadu ºÀ¼ÉAiÀÄzÀÄ
New Hosadu ºÉƸÀ
Happy Santhosga ¸ÀAvÉÆõÀ
Activity – 4.2
Write the Kannada adjective/s used in the Kannada sentences in last column of the Table –
4.3.2.
Table – 4.3.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences Write the
Sentences Kannada and written in Kannada Kannada
English Sentences
written in English language Adjective/sun
List - A
List - B der
List –B
New books are very Hosa pustakagalu bahala ºÉƸÀ ¥ÀĸÀÛPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ §ºÀ¼À Example: Hosa
expensive. dubriri zÀĨÁj. and bahala
Naavu illi £ÁªÀÅ E°è
We are happy here.
santosavagiiddeve. ¸ÀAvÉÆõÀªÁVzÉÝêÉ.
My house colour is Nanna maneya banna bili. £À£ßÀ ªÀÄ£ÉAiÀÄ §tÚ ©½.
white.
This language is very I(ee) bhase kaliyalu tumba F ¨sÁµÉ PÀ°AiÀÄ®Ä
Verbs in Kannada
Table – 4.4.1
Meaning of the English Kannada word
English
words in kannada written in
words
[Kannada words written kannada
in English] langauge
Write Bare §gÉ
Read Oodu MzÀÄ
Go Hogu ºÉÆÃUÀÄ
Come Baa ¨Á
Play Ata Dl
Take Thegeduko vÉUÉzÀÄPÉÆ
Give Kodu PÉÆqÀÄ
See Nodu £ÉÆÃqÀÄ
Activity – 4.3
Write the Kannada verb/s used in the Kannada sentences in last column of the Table – 4.4.2.
Table – 4.4.2
Meaning of the Kannada Write
English Sentences Sentences written the
EnglishSentences kannada and written in kannada kannada
List - A in English langauge verbs
List - B under
List -B
We do it. Naavu idhannu maaduvevu. £ÁªÀÅ EzÀ£ÄÀ ß
ªÀiÁqÀĪɪÅÀ .
I know him. Nannage avanu gotthu. £À£U
À É CªÀ£ÄÀ UÉÆvÀÄÛ.
She lost that. Avalu adhannu CªÀ¼ÀÄ CzÀ£ÀÄß
kaledhukondalu. PÀ¼ÉzÀÄPÉÆAqÀ¼ÀÄ.
I remember that. Naanage adhu gnapakha £À£U
À É CzÀÄ eÁÕ¥À£À
idhe. EzÉ.
I watched it. Naanu idannu nodidhe. £Á£ÀÄ EzÀ£ÀÄß
£ÉÆÃrzÉ.
adverbs in Kannada
Table – 4.5.1
Meaning of the English
English Kannada word
words in kannada
words written in kannada
[Kannada words written langauge
in English]
Very Tumba vÀÄA¨Á
Now Iga or eega FUÀ
Yesterday Ninne ¤£Éß
²ÃWÀæªÁV,
Shigravagi, lagoone, ®UÀÆ£É(¨ÉÃUÀ£É),
Quickly
thvarithavagi vÀéjvÀªÁV
Slowly nidanavagi ¤zsÁ£ÀªÁV
Together Joteyagi
§ºÀÄ¥Á®Ä,
bhahupalu, bahumattige, §ºÀĪÀÄnÖUÉ, §ºÀ¼ÀµÀÄÖ,
Almost
bahalasttu, bahutheka §ºÀÄvÉÃR.
Always Yavagalu ಗ
Usually Samanyavagi ನ
Sometimes Yavagaladaru ಗ ದ
Shighravagi, koodale, ²ÃWÀæªÁV, PÀÆqÀ¯É,
Soon ®UÀÆ£É(¨ÉÃUÀ£É),
lagoone
Tonight I (ee)ratri ಈ
atheeraviralavagi, CwëgÀ¼ÀªÁV,
Rarely aparoopavagi, C¥ÀgÀÆ¥ÀªÁV,
yeelloommomme K¯ÉÆèà MªÀÄäªÉÄÃ
Table – 4.5.2
Meaning of the Kannada Sentences Write the
English sentences in written in Kannada Kannada
EnglishSentences
Kannada and written language adverb/s
List - A
using English letters under
List - B List -B
Do you understand me
Nimage igaladaru ಮ ಈಗ ದ
now?
arthavaguttideye? ಅಥ ?
Example: and, or, but, although, while, after, before, why, because, are some
common conjunctions.
Conjunctions in Kannada
Table – 4.6.1
Meaning of the English Kannada word
English
words in kannada written in
words
[Kannada words written kannada
in English] langauge
And Mattu ªÀÄvÀÄÛ
Or Athava CxÀªÁ
Table – 4.6.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Write the
Sentences in kannada Sentences written kannada
English Sentences
[Kannada Sentences in kannada Prepositions
List - A
written in English] langauge under
List - B List -B
I wanted to eat an Apple Naanu sebhu thinnabekittu £Á£ÀÄ ¸ÉçÄ
but I didn't get it. adare adu sigalilla. w£ÀߨÉÃQvÀÄÛ CzÀgÉ
CzÀÄ ¹UÀ°è®è.
I like reading and Nanage odalu mattu bareyalu £À£ÀUÉ MzÀ®Ä
writing. ishta. ªÀÄvÀÄÛ §gÉAiÀÄ®Ä
EµÀÖ.
The boy was sick Aa Huduganige kaayile D ºÀÄqÀÄUÀ¤UÉ
therefore he was sent eethu aaddarinda avanannu SÁ¬Ä¯É¬ÄvÀÄÛ
home. manege kaluhisalayithu. CzÀÝjAzÀ
CªÀ£À£ÀÄß ªÀÄ£ÉUÉ
PÀ¼ÀÄ»¸À¯Á»vÀÄ.
Trip got postponed Maleyindagi pravasa ªÀļɬÄAzÁV
because of the rain. mundhakke hohitu. ¥ÀæªÁ¸À ªÀÄÄAzÀPÉÌ
ºÉÆìÄvÀÄ.
Table – 4.7.1
Meaning of the English Kannada word
English
words in kannada written in
words
[Kannada words written kannada
in English] langauge
Under Keḷage ಳ
In Front Of Munde ಂ
After Amele ಆ
Above Mele
Between Madhye ಮ
Before Hinde ಂ
With Joteyalli ಯ
Near Hattira ಹ ರ
Table – 4.7.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Sentences Write the kannada
Sentences in kannada written in kannada Prepositions
English Sentences
[Kannada Sentences langauge under
List - A
written in English] List -B
List - B
Naanu kallejige £Á£ÀÄ PÁ¯ÉÃfUÉ
I go to college. ºÉÆÃUÀÄvÉÛãÉ.
hoguthene.
Ball is in the Balu angala / ¨Á®Ä CAUÀ¼À /
ಅವ ಚ ನ
She lives near the Avaḷu charcina baḷi
church. vasisuttaḷe. ಬ .
ಅವ ಅವ ಂತ
He is Avanu avaḷiginta
taller than her. ettaravagiddane. ಎತ ರ .
ೕ ನ ಂ
Can you Nivu nannondige
come with me? barabahudē. ಬರಬ .
Table – 4.8.1
Questions constructing words in Kannada
Meaning of the English
English Kannada word
words in kannada
words written in
[Kannada words written kannadalangauge
in English]
how Hege ºÉÃUÉ
what enu K£ÀÄ
who Yaru AiÀiÁgÀÄ
why eke KPÉ
where Alli C°è
which yavudu AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ
when yavaga AiÀiÁªÁUÀ
Exercise:
Table – 4.8.2
Meaning of the English Kannada Write the
Sentences in kannada Sentences kannada
English Sentences
and written in English written in Preposition
List - A
List - B kannada s under
langauge List -B
What is your Nimma hesarnu? ಮ
name? ಸ ?
How much is this? Idu eṣṭu? ಇ ಎ ?
ಮ
Nanu nimage sahaya
Can I help you? ಸ ಯ
maḍabahude?
ಡಬ ?
ೕ ಎ
Where do you live?
nivu elli vaisuttira? ರ?
Does she speak CªÀ¼ÀÄ PÀ£ßÀ qÀ
Avaḷu Kannada
Kannada? ªÀiÁvÀ£ÁqÀĪÀ¼É?
matanaḍuvaḷe?
Enquiry Questions
(vicharaneya/ vicharisuva prashnegalu)
Chapter - 5
Activities in Kannada
(Kannadadalli chatuvatikegalu)
Activity – 1
Vocabulary – Shabdakosha - ±À§ÝPÉÆñÀ
Before reading the given conversations, you must read and practice this vovabulary section to
catch the meanings in the conversations.
Relating to the above conversations, some of the activities are given below for the learning of
kannada language through equalent version of English.
Exercise:
them namma
2. Write the equalent version of English words to the following kannada words.
Hesaru
Yaaru
Nanna
Namma
Avana
Avala
Adu
Idu
Alli
Illi
Eke
Baa
Estu
Gante
1. nanna…………………Ravi. (name)
2. ivaru nanna………….. (father).
3.Latha avana…………. (mother).
4.Adu nanna …………….(Bag).
5. Adu……………….. class room(His).
6. Nimma mane ……..(where) ide.
7. College illinda ….......(distance - how for) door aide.
8. nimma collegian hesaru………..(what).
1. I am Shilpa.
……………………………………………………..
2. He is Ganesha.
……………………………………………………..
3. This is book.
……………………………………………………..
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 78
4. That is Pen.
……………………………………………………..
5. This is my College.
……………………………………………………..
6. She is my sister.
……………………………………………………..
7. He is our friend.
……………………………………………………..
8. That is railway station.
……………………………………………………..
5. Translate the following Kannada sentences into English.
Example : Avanu John.
He is John.
Activity – 2 ( Chatuvatike – 2)
Vocabulary – Shabdakosha - ±À§ÝPÉÆñÀ
Before reading the given conversations, you must read and practice this vovabulary section to
catch the meanings in the conversations.
A How are you Ravi? Ravi neenu hegiddhiya. gÀ« ¤Ã£ÀÄ ºÉÃV¢ÝÃAiÀiÁ.
B I am fine. Naanu chennagiddhene. £Á£ÀÄ ZÉ£ÁßVzÉÝãÉ.
Illy nimma swantha mane
A Do you have own house here? E°è ¤ªÀÄä ¸ÀéAvÀ ªÀÄ£É EzÉAiÀiÁ.
idheya ?
A: Ravi, which is your house? Ravi, nimma mane yavudu.? gÀ« ¤ªÀÄä ªÀÄ£É AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ.
A: Which one? That big house? Yaavudu.? Aa dodda maneenaa ? AiÀiÁªÀÅzÀÄ D zÉÆqÀØ ªÀģɣÁ.
A That is a very big house Adu tumba dodda mane CzÀÄ vÀÄA¨Á zÉÆqÀØ ªÀÄ£É.
Relating to the above conversations, some of the activities are given below for the learning of
kannada language through equalent version of English.
Exercises :
2. Write the kannada sentences by using the given words as per the example.
Exercises: Adu………………..
Adu = Adu namma college
1. Nanna
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........
2. Nimma
PÀgÀqÀÄ ¥Àæw / Draft copy
ªÀåªÀºÁjPÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ / 83
……………………………………………………..
3. Avana
…………………………………………………………
4. Avala
………………………………………………………….
5. Adu
………………………………………………………….
6. Idu
………………………………………………………….
7. Avaru
…………………………………………………………
8. Ivaru
…………………………………………………………
9. Estu
…………………………………………………………
10. Hege
…………………………………………………………
11. Enu
…………………………………………………………
12. Yaru
…………………………………………………………
13. Eke
…………………………………………………………
3. Fill in the blanks by using the correct form of kannada word given in the bracket.
( in the bracket the nearest meaning of the word is given)
Example : 1) idu…………..pusthaka. (my)
Answer: idu avana pusthaka.
2) avana room …………….. ide.( Jayanagara)
Answer : avana room Jayanagara dalli ide.
¥ÀgÁªÀıÀð£À UÀæAxÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
1. ¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¤WÀAlÄ (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ), PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¸Á»vÀå ¥ÀjµÀvï, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÆÀ gÀÄ.
2. ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄzÀ EAVèµï – PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¤WÀAlÄ (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ)
¸ÀA¥ÀÄl – (J ¬ÄAzÀ gÀhÄqï ªÀgÉUÉ).
3. PÀbÉÃj PÉʦr – qÁ. ºÁ.ªÀiÁ. £ÁAiÀÄPÀ, PÀ£ÀßqÀ CzsÀåAiÀÄ£À ¸ÀA¸ÉÜ,
ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, 1974.
4. DqÀ½vÀ ¥ÀzÀPÉÆñÀ, PÀ£ÀßqÀ C©üªÀÈ¢Ý ¥Áæ¢üPÁgÀ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
5. PÁ£ÀÆ£ÀÄ ¥ÀzÀPÉÆñÀ (¥ÀjµÀÌøvÀ) PÀ£ÀßqÀ – EAVèµï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀA¸ÀÌøw
¤zÉÃð±À£Á®AiÀÄ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
6. r. J£ï. ±ÀAPÀgÀ ¨sÀmï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ §gÀºÀªÀ£ÄÀ ß ¸Àj¥Àr¸ÉÆÃt?, 2005, ¨sÁµÁ
¥ÀæPÁ±À£À, ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ.
7. r.J£ï. ±ÀAPÀgÀ ¨sÀmï, PÀ£ÀßqÀ ªÁPÀåUÀ¼À M¼ÀgÀZÀ£É, 2006, ¨sÁµÁ ¥ÀæPÁ±À£À,
ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ
8. N.J¯ï. £ÁUÀ¨sÀƵÀt ¸Áé«Ä, C£ÀĪÁzÀ, ¥Àæ¸ÁgÁAUÀ, PÀ£ßÀ qÀ
«±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ºÀA¦, 1993.
9. DqÀ½vÀ PÀ£ÀßqÀ, PÀ£ÀßqÀ C©üªÀÈ¢Þ ¥Áæ¢üPÁgÀ «zsÁ£À¸ËzsÀ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
560001. ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÀ£ÀßqÀ «±Àé«zÁå®AiÀÄ, ºÀA¦.
10. PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¨sÁµÁ PÉʦr, ¸ÀAUÀªÉÄÃ±ï ¸ÀªÀzÀwÛ ªÀÄoÀ, 1995, gÀÆ¥ÀgÀ²ä ¥ÀæPÁ±À£À
UÀÄ®§UÁð.