Bearing Types

History of Inventions of
Rolling Element Bearings
Primary Function of Bearings

• Transmit loads
• Reduce Friction
• Secondary roles
– Support the shaft
– Locate the shaft
Bearing Loads
 How did a bearing evolve ?

* Invention of wheel
* Wheel rotates on axle
* Wear Plate + Rollers
* Inner ring + Outer ring
+ Rollers
* With introduction of
cage Rolling Bearing
was created
Roller and Ball Raceway Contact
 Types of Rolling Elements
Spherical roller Spherical roller
Ball (symmetrical) (asymmetrical)

Cylindrical roller Taper roller

Needle roller
 Bearing Components
(Deep Groove Ball Bearing)

Seal Rolling Elements Inner Ring

Outer ring Cage Seal
 Characteristics
Ball bearings Point Contact :
Deep groove Angular Self-aligning
ball bearing contact ball bearing
ball bearing

* Less area of contact

* Less friction
* More speed
* Less load

Roller bearings
Cylindrical Taper Needle Spherical Line Contact :
roller roller roller roller
bearing bearing bearing bearing

* More area of contact

* More friction
* Less speed
* More load
Bearing Loads
 Radial rolling bearings

Ball bearings Roller bearings

Deep groove Angular Self-aligning Cylindrical Taper Needle Spherical
ball bearing contact ball bearing roller roller roller roller
ball bearing bearing bearing bearing bearing
 Thrust bearings

Ball bearings Roller bearings

Angular Taper Spherical Cylindrical
Thrust Contact Roller Roller / Needle
ball bearing Ball Thrust Thrust Thrust Roller
bearing bearing bearing Thrust
bearing
 Bearing Terminology

Bore surface
O.D.

Bore

O.D. surface
 Bearing Terminology

Outer ring raceway

Outer ring land

Side faces

Inner ring land Inner ring raceway

 Ball and Roller Bearing Ranges

Ball bearings + Roller bearings

Deep groove Angular Self-aligning Cylindrical Taper Needle Spherical
contact
Load Capabilities

Load carrying capacity

is expressed as the basic
dynamic load rating
Relative Speed Limitations
r/min

Oil lubrication
speed rating

Grease lubrication
speed rating
 Bearing Contact Angle

Single Cylindrical Angular Taper Spherical

Row Roller Contact Roller Roller
Radial Loads Combined Loads
 Bearing Components
Cage Outer Ring

Rolling Element

Inner Ring
Closures: Shields
 Non-Contact Seal

RZ
 Land Riding Lip Seal

RS1
 Rolling Bearings are Precision
Products
How much is a µ?

A
human
Normal Precision High precision hair
bearing bearing 1µ

0,06 mm
Standard P6 P6 P4A PA9A Tolerance
SP UP PA9B classes

0/-2,5 µm
0/-9 µm 0/-7 µm
0/-12 µm
0/-15 µm
 Precision Classes
Precision classes: US vis-a-vis Europe

ABEC ISO
1 Normal
3 P6
5 P5
7 P4
9 P9
– Generally, use bearings no more than one
precision class better than the precision of the
mating components
– Extra precision has no benefit if applied to poorly
made mating components
 Internal Clearances
Radial
clearance

Axial
clearance
 Bearing Basics
C1 - Less than C2 clearance
C2 - less than normal clearance (CN, C0) -
normal clearance (not generally
marked)
C3 - greater than normal clearance
(“standard”)
C4 - greater than C3 clearance
C5 - greater than C4 clearance
Example:
A 6210 /C3 Ball bearing has from 18 - 36
µm (microns) or 0.0007” - 0.0014” Radial
Internal Clearance