GENERAL ENGLISH I

“Final Paper General English I

Grammar (Future Tense and Past Perfect Tense) and Describing
cities and countries”

Lecturer:
Mr. Satria Raditiyanto ,S.Hum , M.Hum.

Compiled By:
Karunia Estuningtias
(6184077)

POLITEKNIK POS INDONESIA

2018-2019

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 PREFACE

Thank you to God the Almighty who gave His blessing to the author to complete an
English paper assignment entitled "Grammar and Describing Cities and Countries".

The author also wishes to express his deep and sincere thanks to those who have
guided completing this paper. This English paper contains some about example and formula
Grammar and Structure describing Cities and Countries

The letters can also be used as a guide for those who want to write business letters in a
formal manner. Hopefully this paper can help readers to broaden their knowledge of English
reading.

Bandung, 20 January 2019

Karunia Estuningtias

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1

A. Background of the paper .......................................................................................................... 1
B. Formulation of problem ........................................................................................................... 1
C. Purpose of the Paper ................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER II CONTENT .............................................................................................................................. 2
A. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 2
1. Future Tense .......................................................................................................................... 2
2. Past Perfect Continous.......................................................................................................... 2
B. Descriptive Text ........................................................................................................................ 5
A. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 8
B. Sugestion .................................................................................................................................... 8
REFERENCE.............................................................................................................................................. 9

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 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the paper

English is international Language that use to intruction and to communicate between

nations. In English we know that Grammar is very important when we speak, write and learn
english. There are Future Tense and Past Perfect Tense that help us to easy when we speak,
write and learn English.

We don’t know what is Grammar and how to use it. Because of this we need some
knowledge and examples of Grammar like Future and Past Perfect Tanse.. Every type of
Grammar sentences are different formula and time to use it

Descibe is give an account in words of (someone or something). Including all the relevant
characteristics, qualities or Events. In a broad sense, description, as explained by Kane (2000:
352), is defined like in the following sentence: Description is about sensory experience—how
something looks, sounds, tastes. Mostly it is about visual experience, but description also
deals with other kinds of perception. So, In this paper I wanna give you Some Stuctures about
it and also Example of Describing Cities or Countries.

B. Formulation of problem

 What is Future and Past Perfect Tense?

 What Example Future and Past Perfect Tense?
 What is Descriptive Text ( Describing Cities and Countries)?

C. Purpose of the Paper

 To inform about what is Future and Past Perfect Tense

 To inform about Descibing Cities and Countries
 To give examples about Grammar and Describing Cities or Countries

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 CHAPTER II CONTENT

A. Grammar

1. Future Tense

There are a number of different ways of referring to the future in English. It is important to
remember that we are expressing more than simply the time of the action or event.
Obviously, any 'future' tense will always refer to a time 'later than now', but it may also
express our attitude to the future event.

Form : S + Will + V1 + O +C + Ad.Time

All of the following ideas can be expressed using different tenses:

 Simple prediction: There will be snow in many areas tomorrow.

 Arrangements: I'm meeting Jim at the airport.
 Plans and intentions: We're going to spend the summer abroad.
 Time-tabled events: The plane takes off at 3 a.m.
 Projecting ourselves into the future and looking back at a completed action: A month
from now he will have finished all his exams.

It is clear from these examples that several tenses are used to express the future. The future
tense section shows the form and function of each of these uses of future tenses.

2. Past Perfect Continous

FUNCTIONSSOF
+ Had
THE+ PAST
V3 + OPERFECT
+ C + Ad.Time

The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one
event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first
the tense makes it clear which one happened first.

In these examples, Event A is the event that happened first and Event B is the second or more
recent event:

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Event A Event B

John had gone out when I arrived in the office.

Event A Event B

I had saved my document before the computer crashed.

Event B Event A

When they arrived we had already started cooking.

Event B Event A

He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.

FORMING THE PAST PERFECT

The Past Perfect tense in English is composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb to have
(had) + the past participle of the main verb.

Subject Had past participle

Affirmative

She Had Given

Negative

She hadn't asked.

Interrogative

Had They arrived?

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 Subject Had past participle

Interrogative Negative

Hadn't You finished?

TO DECIDE, PAST PERFECT

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I had decided I hadn't decided Had I decided?

You had decided You hadn't decided Had you decided?

She had decided She hadn't decided Had she decided?

We had decided We hadn't decided Had we decided?

They had decided They hadn't decided Had they decided?

PAST PERFECT + JUST

'Just' is used with the past perfect to refer to an event that was only a short time earlier than
before now, e.g.

 The train had just left when I arrived at the station.

 She had just left the room when the police arrived.
 I had just put the washing out when it started to rain

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 B. Descriptive Text

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT, or in terms of writing only known as “description” is one of English

lessons that should be mastered not only by junior high school students but also by senior
high school students, college students and anyone who loves English. Because after all,
descriptive material is very necessary for the increasing of our English proficiency.

Some of the most famous authors, especially fiction writers, have good skill in writing of
descriptive text so that their writing is very readable and easy to understand. Therefore, if we
were able to master this lesson well, we might be able to become a great writer in the future.

Furthermore, explanations and examples of this descriptive text can help a friend who is or
still a long journey to learn English. Do not hesitate to read the descriptive text below, the
more often we read we will be able to understand it more. And it would be nice if we do not
only understand mere, but also can write descriptive text ourself….

Maybe you are “bored” to learn narrative text, because of that, it’s time to discuss descriptive
text so that our head is not merely contains stories and stories

Generic Structure :

1. Identification (contains about the introduction of person, place, animal or

object will be described)
2. Description (contains a desciption such as animal, things, place or person by
describing its features, forms, colors or anything related to what the writer
describe)

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Example :

Welcome to Gresik Regency

Gresik is located in west side of Surabaya distanced about 18 km, be industrial town with
Semen Gresik factory which has now changed to Semen Indonesia which is famous in
Indonesia, there is also big wood crafter home industry and build since 1976.

In this town there is Sunan Maulana Malik Ibrahim cemetery who is one of 9 holy men in
Islam religion, first Islam spreader in East Java who pass away in 882 H or 1419 A.D and
buried in Kampung Gapura Gresik.

About 2 km in South side of the town, precisely in Bukit Giri we can find Sunan Giri
cemetery who is also one of 9 Islam spreader sponsors in Java. The commemoration
ceremony of Sunan Giri’s died (Khol Sunan Giri) scheduled in calendar of East Java
Tourism.

Besides, there is also Leran grave that is mother of Sunan Giri grave, which located in Leran
village, Manyar about 8 km from Gersik town.

The other tourism objects including, Gapura Kanjeng Tumenggung Pusponegoro grave in
Gapuro village, Makam Nyi Ageng Pinatih in Kebongson village, bat cave in Pongangan
village, Tirta Agung swimming pool in Sidomoro village, a hall in Bawean island and source
of hot water in Kota Kusuma village, Kastoba lake in Tambak village, Bhayangkara
Diponggo beach in Diponggo village and marine park of Noko island in Daun village.

History Of Gresik Town

Gresik have known since 11-century ke-11 when it grew to become a center commerce that
not only inter island, but also extended to many countries. As a commercial centre, Gresik
many visited by Chinese, Arab, Gujarat, Calcutta, Siam, Bengali, Campa and others
merchants. Gresik start coming up in regulation of history since had grow Islam in Java
region. The Islam religion spreader is Syech Maulana Malik Ibrahim with Fatimah Binti
Maimun came to Gresik in the early of 11 century.

Gresik regency has various fascination tourism objects such as: Tourism Object, which
divided into 3 parts that is: nature tourism, cultural tourism, special enthusiasm tourism,
tourism facilities support, tourism service and recreation and entertainment amusement of
public at every area in Gresik regency.

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Most of natural tourism resides in Bawean island, while other tourism spread over continent
area. As result of visual data reportage and tourism object photograph as component of
information of tourism support, which done by Gresik Government Tourism And
Communication Service 2002, have yielded aggregate data and information about tourisms:
a. Tourism Object and Cultural Aspect in Gresik regency

b. Tourism Object and Natural Object in Gresik regency

c. Tourism Object and Special Enthusiasm Tourism in Gresik regency

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 CHAPTER III CONCLUSION AND SUGESSTION
A. Conclusion

Future Tense ( S + Will + V1 + O + C + Ad.Time)

Past Perfect Tense ( S + Had + V3 + O + C + Ad.Time)

General Stucture Descriptive Text

1. Idenfication
2. Description

B. Sugestion

To write effectively, to say what you mean, and to make sure your readers understand you,
keep these ten rules:

1. Write Concisely
2. Be Complete
3. Use Nouns and Verbs
4. Write Actively
5. Be Specific

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 REFERENCE

Raditiyanto, S.Hum., M.Hum, Satria (2017); English Language Practice Correspondence for
department management undergraduate study programs. Bandung. Indonesian post
polytechnic.

General english I handout (general english I theories and practice). Satria raditiyanto,
S.Hum.,M.Hum

General English I Part II Handouut, Satria Raditiyanto, S.Hum,. M.Hum

R. Carter, Cambridge Grammar of English. Cambridge Univ. Press. 2006.