Proceeding Iconic16 Final

ISSN 2548-6217
ISSN 2548-6217
International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

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2016
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF INTEGRATED
INTELLECTUAL COMMUNITY
(ICONIC)
PROCEEDING
Vol. 2
Germany, December 2016
Reviewers and Editors
Trismono Candra Krisna, Editor in Chief, University of Leipzig

Novi Andriany Teguh, Secretary, University of Stuttgart
Abdul Basit, Member, Universität Hamburg
Ayu Savitri Nurinsiyah, Member, Universität Hamburg
Arif Luqman, Member, University of Tübingen
Galih Senja Titah Aji Bangga, Member, University of Stuttgart
Herlan Darmawan, Member, University of Potsdam
Noorlaila Hayati Isya, Member, Technische Universität Braunschweig
Ruri Agung Wahyuono, Member, University of Jena
Tutut Arinda, Member, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Umilaela Arifin, Member, Universität Hamburg

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COMMITTEE OF ICONIC 2016
Board of Advisor
 Dr.-Ing. Fauzi Bowo
Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia for the Federal Republic of Germany
 Sylvia Arifin
Consul General of the Republic of Indonesia for the Federal Republic of Germany in Hamburg
 Dr. rer. nat. Ahmad Saufi
Educational Attaché of the Indonesian Embassy in Berlin, Germany
 Yanti Mirdayanti, M.A.
Lecturer of Bahasa Indonesia in University of Hamburg. Germany
 Immanuel Hakiki
President of Perhimpunan Pelajar Indonesia Jerman
Board of Steering Committee

Galih Senja Titah Aji Bangga Iva W Tjoeng
Coordinator Member
Trismono Candra Krisna Immanuel Hakiki
Editor in Chief Member
Organizing Committee (OC)

Akhmad Hafidz Irfandi : Chairman
Vigenda Herald : Vice Chairman
Dhevi Aristi Hermanda : Secretary
Afifa Maysarah : Deputy Secretary
Hafidah Rachmadani : Treasurer
Avina A. Purwanto : Deputy Treasurer
Rininta Safira : Head of Project Division
Alvin Rindra Fazrie : Head of Marketing Strategy and Media Division
Yuni Syalfina Syam : Head of Venue and Technical Support Division
Ryan A. Z. Soripada : Head of Services and Operations Division
Ismail Fata Robbani : Head of Commercial Division
Andi Faidil Akbar : Head of General Affairs

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EDITORIAL
First of all we thank to God, Allah SWT, for His blessing to the International Conference of
Integrated Intellectual Community–ICONIC 2016 which had been held smoothly and this conference
proceeding had been finished/completed on time.
ICONIC 2016 was held on 29–30 October 2016 at the TU Hamburg-Harburg, Hamburg,
Germany bringing the theme of “Industrial Revival: Optimizing Strategy on Bussiness, Government,
and Education” and inaugurated by Indonesian ambassador for Federal Republic of Germany, Dr. -
Ing. Fauzi Bowo. The scientific scope of ICONIC 2016 was broad and categorized into 10 fields: [1]
Education and Government Policy, [2] Business and Economy, [3] Energy, Technology, and Industry,
[4] Medicine, [5] Infrastructure Development, [6] Agriculture, Food Industry, and Maritime, [7]
Natural Science, [8] Tourism, [9] Social and Culture, and [10] Environment. Overall, we accepted 60
extended abstracts from total of 254 abstracts submission for all fields. Eventually, only 42 papers
were accepted to be presented during the meeting. Furthermore, we had successfully invited Prof. Dr.
–Ing. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie (3rd Indonesian President – Aviation/airplane Expert), Dr. Ir.
Bambang Setiadi (Director of National Research Council), Faisal Basri, M.A, (Economy and Politic
expert), Dr. rer. nat. Ahmad Saufi (Education and Culture Attache, Indonesian Embassy Berlin), Ir.
Hasbi Assidiq Syamsuddin (General Secretary of Industry Ministry ILMATE) as keynote speakers for
ICONIC 2016.
The output of ICONIC 2016 is expected to contribute factually as well as to give real solutions,
and can be implemented to address our national challenges especially in the industrial field at many
aspects. Last but not least, we thank to all of the stakeholders for the genuine support to the meeting
of ICONIC 2016 and to publish the conference proceeding..
”TOGETHER WE CREATE THE FULL PICTURE”
Leipzig, 30 December 2016

on behalf of ICONIC 2016
Trismono Candra Krisna

Editor in Chief

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TABLE OF CONTENT
Committee of ICONIC 2016 3

Editorial 4
Keynote Speeches 9
Contributed Papers
CP01 Sharethesis.com: Marketplace Thesis as a Medium of Empowerment and 14
sustainability
CP02 Study in Optimizing Nickel Production in Sulawesi-Indonesia through The 18
Independence of Technology and The Triple Helix Approach
CP03 Study Area Housing Decentralization Water Supply Service Branch 28
Central City Semarang
CP04 Spatial and Ecological Analysis of Tourism Tagline "Enjoy Jakarta" 34
Abstracts of Presentations
A: Education and Governmental Policy
A001 The Well-implemented Local Governance in Indonesia: An Experience of 43
Yogyakarta Municipality
A002 The Effort for Industrial Revival in Indonesia Through Education Reform: 43
The Evaluation of Education Curriculum in Indonesia with Gontor
Curriculum as Alternative Solutions
A003 Developing Research Competencies of Pre-Service English Teacher (A 44
Case Study on Material Development in English Department, Islamic
University of Indonesia
B. Business and Economy

B001 Halal Products of Indonesia : Brand Prospect & Competitiveness 45
C. Energy, Technology and Industry

C001 Strategic Map of Crowdfunding to Support Documentary Film Industry in 46
Indonesia

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C002 Transportation Based Application through Information Technology 46
System in the 21st Centuries
C003 CFD Analysis of Hydrodynamically Lubricated Journal Bearing (A Case 47
Study: The Potential Use of Water Lubricant)
C004 Optimization and Reduction Possibility of Cylinder Oil Feed Rate 47
Consumption in Low Risk (A case study: At one ship operated by shipping
company in Indonesia)
C005 Implementation of Wave Energy Conversion Using Oscillating Water 48
Column to Advance Fisherman's Electric Vessel in Parepare City
C006 The fundamentally of Green Mine Optimization Strategy into Protection 48
Acid Mine Drainage toward Sustainable Water Flow
C007 LCGC Road Slope Based AFR Varying Control Using Hybrid PI-Fuzzy 49
C008 Adaptive Pitch and Transmission of Small Wind Turbine to Meet Energy 50
Demand for Industrial Revival
C009 Adsorption of Remazol Yellow from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan from 50
Snail Shell as an Adsorben: Isoterm Studies
C010 Algae Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) as An Alternative of Renewable Energy 51
to Support Indonesia Energy Independency 2025 Program
C011 Application of Combined System As Sea Water Purification Method for 51
Coastal People
C012 Decolorization of vat violet 1 dye from industrial textile waste water using 52
biofilm of fungal and bacterial consortium
C013 Design for Sensor Systems of the Arm Robot to Pick Up Plastic Parts in 52
Injection Molding Machine in the Manufacturing Industry
C014 Value Mapping Analysis of Developing Offshore Wind Turbine in 53
Southwest Maluku Indonesia
D. Medical Science
D001 The Role of Organisational Justice as Mediation between Organisational 54
Ambidexterity and Irritation among Foreign Physicians in Germany
D002 A Literature Study: Utilization of Antioxidant Compounds in Rice Bran 54
(Oryza sativa) for Ischemic Stroke Disease Prevention and Adjuvant
Therapy
D003 Mosquito Lamp Solar Power Integration: Innovation Repellant Aedes 55
Aegypti to Reduce the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

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E. Infrastructure Development
E001 Speed Bump and Pavement Floor as Ground Electric Generator to Sustain 56
Tourism Spot Activity
F. Agriculture, Food Industry and Maritime

F001 Flowers and Ecological Engineering: a New Direction for Increasing Rice 57
Yield
G. Natural Science
G001 Isolation and Antimicrobial Activities of Ironwood Extracts (Euxiderxylon 58
zwageri) for Mouthwash Formulation
G002 Glucosamine Preparation from Acid Hydrolysis of Chitin under 58
Microwave Irradiation
G003 Utilization of Avocado Seed Starch for Biodegradable Medical Pads 59
H. Tourism
H001 Indonesia Ageless Island: Optimizing the Gili-Iyang as Conservation Area 60
with Highly O2 for Tourist Resort
H002 Indonesian Tourism Industry Revival through Halal Tourism 60
H003 Exploring Tulungagung Tourism Potential by Using Place, Art Culture, 61
and Food in Coro Beach
H004 Getting to Know The Attractive Backpackers 62
H005 Wedi Ombo Coral Reef System as a Role Model of Smart Educational 62
Tourism and Integrated Zoning
I. Social and Culture

I001 A Model of Utilization of May Day Celebration through "NOJTP" (A Case 64
in Indonesia)
J. Environment
J001 Optimization E-Waste Management by Empowering Local Communities at 65
MRF

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J002 Sorting Waste as an Alternative Way to Reduce Waste from Fast Food 65
Restaurant in Depok
J003 Risk Management for Water Sustainability on Transit Oriented Development 66
(TOD) Walini
J004 Mathematical Model Approach and Optimization of Fish Wastes Treatment 66
for Biogas
J005 Underground Geological Storage Application Methods to Reduce Emissions 67
of Carbon Dioxide in the Process of Palm Oil Production in East
J006 Planning of Community Based Wastewater Treatment Provision 68
Barcode ISSN 69

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PLENARY SPEECHES
From Harmony with Diversity to Nurturing Relay Culture for Indonesia
Speaker: Prof. Dr. Ing. H. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie, Former President of the Republic of Indonesia
Moderator: Agus Pramono
Compiled by: Ayu Savitri Nurinsiyah, Universität Hamburg
Summary. During the event of ICONIC 2016, former president of the Republic of Indonesia Prof. B.J. Habibie
shared his knowledge, experience as well as advices for Indonesian scholars and intellectuals. He highlighted
three important issues for Indonesia: the importance of living harmony in diversity, the needs of
industry/employment and develop a relay-race culture. Indonesia as a country with high diversity in terms of
background, culture and religion should harness these factors and create a positive synergy. The positive synergy
between culture and religion will generate faith and taqwa. Meanwhile, the positive synergy between education,
knowledge and technology will create a high productivity. However, even extraordinary productivity will not
be valuable without employment. Company or industry is an important vehicle to enhance expertise. Experts
and specialist are important. In addition, it is crucial to establish policy based on the country’s necessity and
available experts.
According to Habibie, Indonesia is currently defeated by its neighboring countries due to the lack of
“relay-race” culture. Building and developing a country cannot be done only by a single person, single party or
single generation. It requires a step by step construction. The current “baton runner” should prepare both the
receiver and the baton. The receiver should be a better and faster runner. The next generation as the baton
receiver also needs to prepare themselves. In order to receive the baton, they should understand and be a better
runner. Therefore, all of the work does not have to be conducted from the beginning, instead, improving the
better and revising the unsuitable ones. The process of baton transfer also should be cautiously conducted
because the process is not always smooth.
Finally, Habibie conveyed his advice to ICONIC 2016 participants in particular and Indonesian in general
that we should develop the “relay-race” culture. He also emphasized that “If not you who build Indonesia, who
else will? However, you cannot build your country by yourself. You have to encourage other fellow Indonesians
wherever and from wherever they are”.
[OFFICIAL] ICONIC 2016 - Prof. Dr. -Ing. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWYLjPfJ2Vw

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Outlook Industry Development in Indonesia 2016
Speaker: Ir. Hasbi Assidiq Syamsuddin, Directorate General of Metal, Machinery, Transportation and
Electronic Industry -Ministry of Industry, the Republic of Indonesia
Moderator: Prio A. Setiawan
Compiled by: Umilaela Arifin, Universität Hamburg
Summary. Current vision of Indonesia in industrial area is to leverage Indonesia’s position to become world’s
developed country by 2030 and world’s biggest economy by 2050 through sustainable and inclusive high
economic growth. To achieve these goals, government has set up three main industrial policies: (1) development
of industrial zone outside Java; (2) population growth of 9000 medium and large industrial unit; and (3)
improvement of competitiveness & productivity. These policies are transformed into action by structuring the
future national industry (until the year 2025) into regional based core competence industries, manufacture
industry based, and future leading industry. The key point of those three industries is innovation based on
research and development. Furthermore, until the year of 2025, industrial development is focusing on
strengthening industrial structure, promoting more investment of sector metal, machinery, transportation, and
electronic as well as increasing national capacity. Metal industry development is targeted to increase the number
of metal consumption up to 70.000 kg/capita. Machinery and agricultural equipment industry focusing on
improving three main sectors (energy and electrical equipment, machine tools and medical device). Moreover,
maritime industry also planned to build various type of vessels up to 150,000 DWT; have facilities for ship
repair up to 300,000 DWT; NaSDEC become center of excellent in ship design and engineering; ship component
industries are capable to fulfill at least 70 percent of the national demand. In electronic and ICT sector, Indonesia
can be an alternative for IT Outsourcing/Off-shoring and develop national policy for local content of electronics
and ICT Product.

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Towards Indonesia with High Competitiveness and Enhancement of Research and Technology
Speaker: Dr. Ir. Bambang Setiadi, IPU, Chairman of National Research Council of Indonesia
Moderator: Dr. Arif Darmawan
Compiled by: Trismono Candra Krisna, University of Leipzig
Summary. DRN aims to support the minister to formulate direction, priority, and framework of government
policy in field of research, development, and application of science. The government established National
Research Council (DRN) which has members from people community and research institution. Indonesian
development based on natural resources (SDA) has been going to be vanish e.g. oil, forest, fish, which correlate
to the increasing of environment degradation. The pledge of Indonesia in the future is the renewable human
resources (SDM), product of natural resources, natural resources and energy, renewable and nonrenewable
natural resources, product of diversification and quality enhancement of natural resources and energy. We have
to protect out natural resources not to be enjoyed by foreign country which is possible as long as we do not
develop our human resources. Country which establish vision and competitiveness e.g. Norway is expert to find
oil in the deep ocean, Finland moves from forest to gadget, USA to hydrogen economy, Chinese with the pole
of growth. During 2002, we did deep ocean research in the trough of Java’s sea and find out that there is
hydrocarbon trap in the Hindia’s ocean suspected that 40% of production of offshore oil in the whole of the
earth source in this area. While Chinese focuses on the development of solar cell when they were accused to be
the biggest source of pollution, even in the 2019 they claimed that they will have the biggest solar cell farm
with 2 GW. On the 2015 has already started the development of Sahara’s Desertec based on the solar energy
from Saharan region to Europe which will contribute 30% of electricity demand in the Europe in the 2050. From
the description above can be concluded that innovation and competitiveness are very important. Innovation
altogether with research in the industry sector is the key of competitiveness in the global production network
and global innovation network.

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Industrial Acceleration to Avoid Middle Income Trap
Speaker: Faisal Basri, MA, Indonesian Economic Expert

Moderator: Deniey A. Purwanto
Compiled by: Galih Bangga, University of Stuttgart
Summary. During the new order era, the economic strength of Indonesia was steadily increased reaching
its peak in 1987. Afterwards, it was decreasing until collapsed due to the well-known Indonesian crisis in
1998, marked by the fall of the Soeharto’s era. This particular event eliminated the public, national and
international trust toward the government and brought up a huge impact on the Indonesian economy. As a
consequence, most of the strategic industries failed to secure their funding and lapsed. In fact, the general
index of several parameters which defines Indonesian economy is decreasing. For instance, the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) decreased by 0.36 during 6 years post-crisis from 2010 to 2016, remarkably
below the neighboring countries like Singapore or Malaysia.
The condition of economy for a particular country has a direct influence on prosperity of its citizen
in which an individual living in a country with weak economic power tends to have smaller income than
the stronger one. Indonesia is categorized as a country with middle income, and less likely to avoid this
condition if usual business strategy is adopted. The probability to avoid the middle income condition is
only 9% for 10 years, 12% for 20 years and 18% for 30 years, implying that the chance is meager.
Eichengreen et al. (2013) explained that the economy in the middle income countries will face two threats:
the trap of per capita income between 10,000-11,000 dollars and between 15,000-16,000 dollars.
Indonesia’s export structure still fails to exhibit improvement in increasing the role of high technology-
based exports, as indicated by its low and ever decreasing export contribution value (Basri and Putra, 2016).
Meanwhile, the performance of the manufacturing sector is also poor. In terms of quality, human capital
in Indonesia is extremely poor. The cognitive ability of Indonesian students should be immediately
accelerated so that economic transformation can go smoothly from low wage labor-based industries
towards skilled labor-based production. The school enrollment ratio for secondary and tertiary education
must also be increased (Basri and Putra, 2016).
It was described by Eichengreen et al. (2013) that the key escape of the trap is that a large share of
high-tech exports is negatively associated with the likelihood of a slowdown points to the same conclusion.
Intuitively, the inherited stock of human capital shapes a country’s ability to move up the technology ladder
and its capacity export products embodying advanced technology. As they reach middle income status,
emerging markets typically import advanced technology from more developed countries. Taking the next
step, which involves adapting imported technology to local conditions and embodying it in exports with
high local content, it requires a pool of highly skilled workers (Basri and Putra, 2016). Basri and Putra
(2016) concluded that the only means to escape from the low and middle income trap is through
strengthening the industrial sector. Thus the role of national leadership, in this case of the President is vital
and crucial. Nawacita must be utilized for formulating effective industrial policies. To date, Indonesia is
yet to possess a fundamental economy which secures the country’s escape from the middle income trap.
The country is weak in human capital in terms of health and education, and also in its lack of a firm vision
on industrial policy. The condition is worsened by a large and widening wealth gap, whereas human capital
and social harmonization are vital prerequisites for a successful industrial policy.

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The role of Indonesian Students in Germany to Strengthen Strategic Partnership among
Academician, Industry, and Government
Speaker: Dr. rer.nat. Ahmad Saufi, Attache of Education and Culture, Embassy of the Republic Indonesia
for Germany
Moderator: Abrian Harahap
Compiled by: Ruri Agung Wahyuono, University of Jena
Summary. Indonesia current economic situation engages the society to rebuild industries which are based on
the local patents and product developments. The proposed increasing industries are expected to create more jobs
and, hence, alleviate the increasing poverty number. Therefore, strategic partnership among academicians,
government and industries is in dire need for industrial revival. Integrating research outcomes, which is feasible
to mass productions, in the respective industries is a key challenge for initial partnership. In this regard
governments should play role to mediate scientists, researchers and industries by ruling the paradigm and
perception and building consortia of national researches involving industries and academicians. In summary,
several steps toward strategic partnership are the following: (i) to improve the collaboration between research
centers and business communities/industries, (ii) to improve the collaboration among industries, (iii) to engage
the industries to do R&D for improving product quality, (iv) to improve government researches which are
relevant to the state owned enterprises, (v) to accelerate the conversion of research outcome into products, (vi)
to improve the competencies and services of research center, and (vi) to transfer knowledge to the business
communities, particularly small and medium enterprise. Among several steps mentioned above, how could
students in Germany contribute to strengthen strategic partnership? Students as part of either academician or
scientist have in general a role as the agent of change. In fact Indonesian students pursuing bachelor, master or
PhD in Germany are about 4000 (Winter Semester 2014/2015), the majority of which are taking engineering,
sciences, and also law and economics. In the view of building strategic partnership these students are considered
as important assets for transferring knowledge and technologies they have learned in Germany to other
academicians and scientists, governments, local or even state owned industries in Indonesia. As the agent of
change who will bring new chapter of knowledge into Indonesia, students in Germany are expected to learn
working ethics and culture, to master their competencies, to broaden their networks by extracurricular
organizations, to complete their study with distinction and to dedicate themselves to the nations.

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CONTRIBUTED PAPERS
CP01.
Sharethesis.com: Marketplace Thesis as a Medium of Empowerment and Sustainability
Benefits of Research
1
A. Fahmi Baharuddin, Hasto Khoirru Rachman, Desti Triyana
Brawijaya University
1
Corresponding author: a.fahmibaharuddin@gmail.com
Abstract. Number of population below 16 years and between 16–30 years reaching 120 million (BPS, 2013).
This is one of the reasons that Indonesia will be having a demographic bonus in 2020. These numbers of
population is spreading all over Indonesia, in rural and urban area, with the ration, aging below 16 years to
30:30 million. At the same time, there is another fact relating to this population. There are currently 5 million
people having higher education in Indonesia. Comparing to population below 16 years, there is 1:12 people who
have higher education. Reminding that Indonesia is currently facing globalization and ASEAN Economic
Community, especially in free labors market. Moreover, having demographic bonus means that (1) quantity of
productive population should be directly proportional to their quality or expertise (2) development in many
sectors in the country will implicates the need of specialized expertise in specific field. If the two points cannot
be anticipated as soon as possible, probably many of the youth will only remain as workers in our own country.
There is also another fact that thesis has been done by the higher students are mostly kept well in the university
library after being graduated. Most of these thesis are not being implemented in the society or being followed
by further studies. However, such theses are actually a deep study product that can easily be implemented by
society or educated for the society. One more fact in 2015, there are approximately 55 million internet users in
the country and the number is still growing. Therefore, due to the facts mentioned above, one of the possible
implemented solutions for the youth in higher education aspect is through internet. It is so termed, thesis social
media library. A market place for students to share their thesis so that it will useful for others to learn. It is
expected that the youth that do not have access to higher education still can learn what thesis are and its
implication in a specified study. Practically, the filters can be in the form of its thesis title or certain name of the
area that the thesis has been conducted. Furthermore, the proposed idea can solve the current problem to bridge
the youth all over the world, especially in developing growing internet user country.
Keywords: Marketplace, Population, Research, Thesis
to 30:30 million. At the same time, there is another fact

Introduction
relating to this population. There are currently 5 million
Number of population below 16 years and between people having higher education in Indonesia. In which,
16 – 30 years reaching 120 million (BPS, 2013). This is comparing to population below 16 years, there is 1:12
one of the reasons that Indonesia will be having a people who has higher education. Reminding that
demographic bonus in 2020: number of productive Indonesia is currently facing globalization and
population is more than dependent population. These ASEAN Economic Community, especially in free labors
numbers of population is spreading all over Indonesia, in market, such higher education really an essential tools for
rural and urban area, with the ration, aging below 16 years the youth to survive in such condition. Moreover, having

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demographic bonus means that (1) quantity of productive database, digital promotion library, payment (the payment
population should be directly proportional to their quality system) and processes business development of the design
or expertise (2) development in many sectors in the site and architecture database. Users must log in before
country will implicates the need of specialized expertise access to documents on sharethesis.com. The site contains
in specific field. If the two points above cannot be list of folders with several categories field of study that
anticipated as soon as possible, probably many of the can be access. Users can then be upload or download
youth will only remain as workers in our own country. documents. The document used in sharethesis.com only a
Hence, in an instant moment, there should be a solution to PDF.
bridge the gap between productive population having
higher education and those who do not have.
There is also another fact to be considered. Thesis
that has been done by the higher students is mostly kept
well in the university library after being graduated. Most
of these thesis are not being implemented in the society or
being followed by further studies. However, such theses
are actually a deep study product that can easily be
implemented by society or educated for the society. One
more fact at present is that there is still a growing internet
user in Indonesia. In 2015, there are approximately 55
million internet users in the country and the number is still
growing. Therefore, due to the facts mentioned above, one Figure 1 Table a groove business process of sharethesis.com
of the possible implemented solutions for the youth in Theoretical Basis
higher education aspect is through internet. E-commerce can be in define as application of
It is so termed, thesis social media library. A technology telecommunication network to perform a
market place for students to share their thesis so that it will business transaction, the exchange of information and
not only remain as requirement for graduation and kept in maintaining relations with consumers before, during and
the library but also useful for others to learn. It is expected after the purchase process (Costa 2001; Haag, Cummings
that the youth that do not have access to higher education & Dawkins 1998; Post & Anderson 2000; Zwass 1998).
still can learn what thesis are and its implication in a Based on Robert (2000; 30) there are five types of
specified study. So that, the needs of specialized expertise mechanisms can be adopted:
can be fulfil the market place. Practically, the filters can B2C (business to customer). The enterprise services the
be in the form of its thesis title or certain name of the area needs of the retail customer.
that the thesis has been conducted. Furthermore, the
proposed idea can solve the current problem to bridge the B2B (business to business). An enterprise services the
youth all over the world, especially in developing growing needs of other business. This is accomplished through
internet user country. either a vertical portal or a horizontal portal. Vertical
portal offer a service or product to a single industry type,
Literature Reviews while horizontal portals offer a service across multiple
Sharethesis.com is digital commercial library that industries.
allows users to publish and distributing scientific research
B2G (business to government). An enterprise services the
easily time and anywhere. Of business process needs of a government or its agencies.
sharethesis.com consisting of the process of the core
business site and server, maintenance site, searching G2B (government to business). Governments interact
database, the process of upload journal, the download with businesses (or citizens) through government portals.
journal, advocates of business process of security, backup The expected globally entrenching media research for
young researchers Indonesian to publish his work so it can

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be exploited benefits widely whether it is by the industry, company gain customers whether it is derived from
small to medium-sized enterprises (SMES), or the domestic market and overseas markets.
community in general. Through sharthesis.com, people
According to Ramirez et al. (1998) claimed that
can share ideas by do upload and download the idea,
there was a reciprocal relation (two-way relationship)
tracing what they need effectively and efficient.
between human capital and economic growth. As the
Sharthesis.com designed to meet a public need in
capital base of the development, the targeted
education. Many ideas the idea that need either industry
development and also culprit. Hence, the success of a
or the community in innovate, learning and research. In
development depends on its inhabitants, moreover if
conclusion, the concept of educational model
supported by large number of resident and quality.
sharethesis.com beneficial for the as solution various
problems in Indonesia. One of the lack of the number of scientific
publication international be indicators the low quality of
The e-consortium. A new vehicle through which multiple
research in Indonesia is limited access researchers us up
businesses come together to provide a leveraged service
to international journals. Subscriptions a journal of the
to either business or retail customers; i.e., leveraging the
year is enough money to a researcher civil servants. Let
strength of individual organization and focusing them as
alone that optimal, then a researcher to subscribe to more
a collective powerful force into the online.
than 1 the journal because it in one area certain
disciplines, usually some scientific journal recognized as
a reference international.
The low of the government research and
development expenditure which has lasted for very long
resulted in cessation the development of science and
technology in Indonesia. So that the government research
and development institutions in Indonesia incapable of
developing itself research and development into leading
institution in the area of regional though. It can be seen to
the low output of research and development institutions in
Indonesia in international publication. Next picture shows
that in the period of the last 10 years the publication of
B2C (business to costumer) Indonesia in the international arena is much lower than for
other ASEAN countries like Singapore, Thailand and
Characteristic of business to costumer that is a Malaysia. Malaysia in every year, average producing
serve that is used general by mechanism can be used by international journal of fourfold Indonesia, Singapore
multitude. Example: because of the system web already even close eight times Indonesia.
known and uses a base web services. Approach client/
server often used where taken the assumption client This was caused by one of the reasons these
(consumer) use the minimal web- based and processed institutions do not have access the newest information of
(business procedure) laid on server side. The greatest the development of research and development of science
benefit of e-commerce namely can increase earnings and technology from a source of international, due to
sales, this as in the results research (Maryama, 2013) the limited funds allocated by the government. As a result, the
percentage of 31 % of the variable. Benefits next been researchers not have the opportunity to gain access latest
increased the number of customers with the percentage of the development of science and technology, through
24 %. Study which states that benefits the use of e- journal-journal international on their field. By itself this
commerce in business gain customers new put forward by has resulted in the quality of research conducted by
Hamill and Gregory (1997), Swatman (1999), and researchers at the research institutions cannot be increased
Hofman and Novak (2000). Used e-commerce allow the or even to deteriorate and in a consequence they are not

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able to make a publication worthy to be published in the educational model sharethesis.com beneficial for the
international journal. Empirical experience indicating the as solution various problems in Indonesia.
level of international significant publication progress
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‘Management Information Systems for the Information
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[2] Hamill,J, and Gregory, K,1997, Internet Marketing in
research for young researchers Indonesian to
the Internationalization of UK SMEs, Journal of
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widely whether it is by the industry, small to
[3] Hofman, D.L and Novak, 1995, How to acquire
medium-sized enterprises (smes), or the community
Customers on the Web, Harvard Business Review, May –
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still live in bottom. Meanwhile, as quoted from
scimago institutions rankings (scimagojr.com) that [4] http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users-by-
from year 1996-2014, there are about 34.963.102 country/
publication of documents from around the world to [5] http://www.scimagojr.com/
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development of science and technology. Hopefully strategy”. USA: Prestice-Hall, Inc.
with a sharethesis.com is expected to build culture
[7] Ramirez, HM; Kang, K; Seth, R et al. 2002. Cellulart
and interest research let alone supported by access aspects of Atopic Dermatitis: Overniew. In Bieber and
communication between users around the world, it Leung (eds) Atopic Dermatitis, Mercell Dekker, Inc. New
means research can also come from various the state York-Besel. pp 217-230.
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[8] TosiyasuL. Kunii,“Practicing Global Openness in
Conclusion Education: From Elementary Schools to Graduate
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Information), March 26-29, 2001, Aizu- Wakamatsu,
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education. Many ideas the idea that need either organizational innovative: aspects and opportunities’,
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pp. 7-37.
research. Historically Indonesians has been affected
by education. In conclusion, the concept of

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CP02.
Study in Enhancing Nickel Production in Sulawesi-Indonesia through the Independence of
Technology and the Triple Helix Approach
1
Ilmi Mayuni Bumi, 1Maulana Malik Sadiqun, 1Sungging Pintowantoro
1
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
1
Corresponding author: ilmibumi@gmail.com
Abstract. This paper presents a study on how to optimize nickel production in Sulawesi-Indonesia through the use
of ITS Smelter and recommends an idea on how to implement it with the triple helix approach. In 2008, Indonesia
fulfilled 19% of the world’s nickel ore needs with a value of $524,259,508. Hence, it was the largest producer of
mined nickel ore in 2013 with 440.000 tons nickel mined production. Indonesia has not reach this optimum point of
increasing nickel value, as it can still be optimized up to 80%, noting that the typical value distribution ration of
nickel ore compared to refined nickel is 20:80. The concept of triple helix that synergy the three elements between
university, industry, and government is the core point of any national implementation activities. Neither the university
nor industry sector, both is strong enough to become the organizer of regional innovation. On the other hand, the
ownership relations among university, industry, and government mandate that only government can become the
organizer. Thus, government pulls the other two spheres to achieve regional innovation through UU Minerba No.4
year 2009. Challenges emerge as the amount of smelters in the country is low and the cost in building is expensive.
This down streaming-agenda can be started by finding an advance, economical, and suitable technology of smelter
independently, cooperating with nickel industry holder, supported by the government by its policies and/or its
platform through the state-owned enterprises. Minerals and Materials Processing Laboratory Institut Teknologi
Sepuluh Nopember had studied and designed an advance, efficient, economic Mini Blast Furnace technology named
ITS Smelter. The ITS Smelter replaces the function of conventional Blast furnace, expensive to produce.
Implementing the ITS Smelter technology and integrating each stakeholders would be an effective approach in
addition to forming a team of stakeholders to execute this plan through a national project that can be organized
centered by the government or universities.
Keywords: Triple Helix, Nickel, Smelter, Mining, Independence Technology, Nickel Production
Introduction
As one of primary metals, nickel has an The global production of nickel is presently
important role in industry. By its applications, nickel used as follows: 46% in nickel steel; 34% nonferrous
commonly added as alloying element to increase the alloys and superalloys; 14%electroplating, and 6%
mechanical properties of metals, also widely used for other uses.[5][6] It is used in many specific consumer
stainless steel making up to 65% of the usage.[2] products and recognizable industrial, including
Nickel has Ni as its chemical symbol with 28 as its rechargeable batteries, stainless steel, coinage, electric
atomic number. Physically, nickel is a silvery-white guitar strings, alnico magnets, microphone capsules,
lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge, hard, and plating on plumbing fixtures,[7] and special alloys. As
ductile. A pure native nickel is commonly found in an alloy metal, nickel’s chief use is in nickel steels and
ultramafic rocks and some are in earth's crust but only nickel cast irons, of which there are many varieties.
in tiny amounts.[3][4] Nickel is widely used in many other alloys, including

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nickel brasses alloys with copper, lead, cobalt, refining inside the country, until it reaches certain
chromium, silver, aluminium, and gold.[8] purities (UU Minerba No.4 year 2009). Nickel is
included as one of the mining commodities mentioned
Seeing the needs of nickel uses, supported
there.[13] Up on its first realization in 2014 which is
with the condition of nickel resources in Indonesia,
five years after officially stated and till today, this rule
nickel could be a promising commodity in Indonesia.
has not been fully implemented yet since the amount
Distribution of nickel potential in Indonesia
of minerals refining tools (smelter) inside the country
predominantly located in the area of Sulawesi,
have not reach enough number to support this
particularly in the Southeast Sulawesi. Data shows
hilirisasi-agenda. In effect, many owners of the mining
that Southeast Sulawesi areas have a high nickel
business license (IUP) has to stop their mining
resources amounting to 97 billion tons with its wide
activities because they cannot export their mined
distribution as big as 480 thousands hectares.
minerals since it hasn’t reach its minimum limit of
Research about the grade of nickel in purities to get permission from the government to
Southeast Sulawesi areas with region of pick-test in export them. [14]
two districts, Konawe and Kolaka, shows that its
Nickel Potential in Sulawesi
geochemical soil content in 21.710 ppm = 2.17% Ni
up to minimum 665 ppm = 0.067% Ni, while the The data showed nickel potential in Southeast
direction of the vertical depth of the discovery of the Sulawesi have been exploited since 1934 by Oost
mineral garnierite that rich of Ni ranges in 4.2-7 m Borneo Maatschappij (OBM) and Bone Tolo
grading 1.4% to 5.5%.[9]. The concept of the Maatschappij. Many rocks that are included in
university–industry–government relationships (Triple Mandala Geology Sulawesi Eastern Part, were
Helix) is used as a method to help this optimization dominated by ultramafic rocks. The Southeast
agenda realized. This thesis is a potential for any Sulawesi Province has the potential mineral deposits
innovation developments in a knowledge society.[10] of metal which is closely associated with this rocks,
A significant body of Triple Helix provides a general the mineral base metals, such as nickel, iron, and
framework to explore complex innovation dynamics chromite.
and to inform regional, national, and international
Southeast Sulawesi has a large nickel
innovation & development policy-making.[11].
resources, the number reached 97 billion tons with its
Triple Helix systems are defined as a set of wide distribution as big as 480 thousands hectares.
these three; 1) Components, consists the institutional The status of nickel region in Southeast Sulawesi
sectors of government, university, and industry. 2) Tenggara are 283.561,84 hectares (59%) in the area of
Relationships between components, such as other land uses (APL), 170.300 hectares (35%) in the
collaborations, collaborative leadership, substitution, area of protected forest (Hl), and 26.170, 28 hectares
technology transfer, conflict moderation, and (5%) in the area of conservation forest.
networking. 3) Functions, the main function of a
The nickel potential here spread in 7 districts,
Triple Helix system is to accommodate both
encompass North Konawe, North Kolaka, Konawe,
individual and institutional roles in innovation and
Kolaka, Bombana, South Konawe, and Buton. Where
explain variations in innovative performance related
the most distribution is in the region of North Konawe
to the articulation between the innovation itself,
which is 46 billion tons, followed by Bombana with
knowledge, and consensus spaces. [12]
28,2 billion tons, then Kolaka with 12,82 billion
Regarding mining commodities, Indonesian tonnes, the rest are South Konawe and other three
government has stated since 2009 that it is compulsory districts. From this seven districts, four of them are
for any parties who are about to export minerals and chosen to be the alternative of the mining industry
coals, to increase the value-added of the minerals and development area which are North Konawe, South
coals mentioned through the minerals processing and Konawe, North Kolaka and Kolaka. The green areas

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showed in Fig. 1 is the areas of nickel resources nickel smelter is 20 companies and the amount of
distribution.[9] active IUPs in production before the regulation from
the government about exporting ores applied is
Based on this conditions, this paper serves a
distributed in South Konawe with 5 smelters 8 IUPs,
study to optimize the nickel production in Sulawesi-
North Konawe with 8 smelters 14 IUPs, North Kolaka
Indonesia so the amount of exported processed or
3 smelters 10 IUPs, Bombana 2 smelters 4 IUPs,
refined nickel metal as one of a primary metals can be
Kolaka 1 smelter 16 IUPs, and Konawe 1 smelter for
increased. The optimization mentioned is studied in
3 IUPs. The amount of absorbed nickel ores the
two aspects, the technological aspect and its
smelter plan is as big as 16.821.000 tons per year with
implementation that involved the elements of triple
the Ni grade around 1,1-1,9%. On the other hand, the
helix. This paper study expected to be the idea of
average amount of nickel production per year in
collaboration to achieve national independence and
Southeast Sulawesi is about 21.576.875 tons, therefore
contribute to the progress of the country.
total amount of unabsorbed nickel ores per year
The large nickel potential in this area has reached 8.805.409 tons.
prompting many mining activities in Southeast
If it is specified corresponding to the smelter
Sulawesi. The amount of mining business license
building plan, the uptake ores for smelter in each
(IUP) issued by each districts in Southeast Sulawesi
districts will be 4.671.000 tons in South Konawe,
reached 528 IUPs, where 350 IUPs (66% of the total)
3.840.000 tons in North Konawe, 1.900.000 tons in
are IUP for nickel. This shows that mining activities
North Kolaka, 2.060.000 tons in Bombana, 3.500.000
in this province is dominated by nickel business
tons in Kolaka, and 850.000 tons in Konawe. When it
activities.
is linked with the amount of IUPs that actively do the
Total nickel IUP that still active on mining productions activities (60 IUPs), and the level of
production per October 2013 are 61 IUPs (17%), nickel ore consumptions on smelter in each districts, it
where in the operations production status are 166 IUPs shows that there is a potential of oversupply as big as
(47%), and exploration amounting 184 IUPs (52%). 8.805.409 tons per year. This oversupply only based
There are 6 regions with a large amount of nickel IUP, on the amount of IUPs that actively do the productions
there are North Konawe amounting 157 IUPs with an activities and has not included the potential of nickel
active production operations as big as 14 IUPs, North ores supply from IUPs with inactive production that
Kolaka with 50 IUPs which are 10 of them are doing reached 164 IUPs. The oversupply of nickel ores
the production operations actively, Konawe 46 IUPs indicates that there are some IUPs that actively do the
which 3 of them are active, Kolaka 31 IUPs which 15 production activities but dont do mining activities
of them are actively do operations, South Konawe since smelter companies are commonly in corporate
issued 29 IUPs with 3 active IUPs, and Bombana with the big IUPs (group) and has not reach the small
issued 19 IUPs with 4 IUPs active. [14] IUPs.
Based on data, the total area of active nickel Based on questionnaire and interview with the
IUP that still proucing reached 118.186 hectares, owners of nickel IUPs in Southeast Sulawesi, the
which means only 0,3% of the total land area of information obtained is that most of the small IUPs
Southeast Sulawesi. The most extensive region used will not build smelter and they are expecting to
for mining activities is North Konawe (42.441 investors to build smelter that its nickel ores will
hectares) and Kolaka (8.864 hectares). [15] fulfilled by them. The problems faced by those small
The pattern of nickel ore fulfillment for IUPs holders is the limited financial capabilities to
smelter in Southeast Sulawesi is based on the smelter build smelter, nickel ores, and technology.[14]
building plan, the needs of ores, the amount of IUPs
that produce ores, and the amount of ore reserves. The
amount of companies that have built and have planned

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Figure 1. Nickel resources distribution map.
Table 1.Productions and consumptions of nickel ores in order to build smelter.
Inactive Active
Productios Capacity Oversupply
District productio productio
(tonnes) (tonnes) (tonnes)
n of IUP n of IUP
North Konawe 71 14 7.431.866 3.840.000 3.591.866
Buton 5 5 1.047.364 0 1.047.364
North Kolaka 26 10 3.641.593 1.900.000 1.741.593
Bombana 11 14 828.475 2.060.000 1.231.525
South Konawe 12 8 5.067.549 4.671.000 396.549
Konawe 12 3 56.758 850.000 793.242
Kolaka 27 16 3.503.270 3.500.00 3.270
TOTAL 164 60 21.576.875 16.821.000 8.805.409

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Table 2. ITS Smelter general specification.
No Components Specification
1 Furnace Set D:3.5 m, H:7.5 m, 50 m3, Double wall with water jacket system, SiC brick for bosh,
paint coated 600C , skit car with hopper, with 3 thermocouple set
2 Operator Set Full boundary, Bucket Conveyor, reservoir system for input material, control unit set
with full inverter system, vertical stair
3 Piping Coated 600C, troweling alumina wall
4 Sintering L: 50 m , W: 3.5 m, SK34 wall, 3 thermocouple K type, rail way system, IDF blower
type with inverter VSD control
5 Water scrubber Stainless steel with cyclone system, water circulation batch system
6 Chimney H:20 m, D:1 m, coated with standard paint
7 Raw material 3x2m hopper with screen, Double roller crusher with adjustable width. Two drum at
crusher upper side and two drum at below. With belt conveyor for feeding briquetting plant
8 Coal crusher Roller crusher with adjustable width, 3x2 m hopper with screen, with belt conveyor
for feeding coal bin.
9 Dolomite crusher Roller crusher with adjustable width, 3x2 m hopper with screen, with belt conveyor
for feeding dolomite bin.
10 Briquetting plant Single roller briquette, with belt conveyor for feeding raw material stock
11 Bin bin for raw material, coal, dolomite, end product
12 Magnetic separator 3 Net conveyor, 2 impact crusher, 2 rod mill, 2 magnetic separator, and bin for end
product
13 Electrical Wiring set, 2 set 150kva genset, with control room
14 Cooling tower WF construction support, PEX Piping, water pond integrated
15 Workshop spare Welding, cut, drill, etc. 2month spare part. Shoes, gloves, helm, mask, face shield,
part and safety fireproof shirt.

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Figure 2. General Layout of ITS Smelter.
Table 3. Comparison ITS Smelter vs Standard Blast Furnace
Aspects ITS Smelter Standard Blast Furnace

Added Using Coal as a reductant and fuel, resulting in lower Using coke, so the cost of production
materials the production cost is much higher
Drying process Drying process, or sintering process using tunnel kiln Drying process using rotary dryer, or
with fuel derived from methane gas coming from tunnel kiln with independent fuel in
waste gas the form of gas, oil, or pulverized coal
NPI result The result of NPI production with much higher Ni The result of NPI production with
percentage (15%-25%), in a single process lower Ni percentage (4%-8%), in a
single process
Air flow rate Using high air flow rate, so with same furnace size, Using low air flow rate
higher production speed.
By using coal, the slag becomes more By using coke, the slag becomes less
Design Simple design, shorter time period for installation and Longer time period needed for
fabrication installation and fabrication
Power needs Low power requirement. Only using generator set High power requirement. Using
instead of power plant, power plant

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Fig. 3. Balanced Triple Helix Configuration
Table 4.Energy and mineral resources minister regulation No. 8 year 2015 concerning minimum percentage of nickel purity to
be exported.
Mineral Minimum
No Ore comodity Minimum limitation quality
comodity limitation product
1 Nickel and/or Pentlandit Nickel mate, alloy a. Ni Mate ≥ 70% Ni;
Cobalt (smelting metals, and nickel
Garnerit b. FeNi ≥ 10% Ni;
process) metal
Serpentinit c. Nickel Pig Iron (NPI) ≥ 4% Ni;
a. saprolit
Karolit d. Logam Ni ≥ 93%; and/or,
b. limonit
e. NiO ≥ 70% Ni.
2 Nickel and/or Pentlandit Oxide metals, a. Logam Ni ≥ 93%;
Cobalt (leaching sulphide metals,
Garnerit b. Mix Hydroxide Precipitate (MHP) ≥ 25% Ni;
process) Limonit mix
Serpentinit hydroxide/sulfide c. Mix Sulfide Precipitate (MSP) ≥ 45% Ni;
Karolit precipitate, and d. Hydroxide Nickel Carbonite (HNC) ≥ 40%
hydroxide nickel Ni;
carbonat
e. NiS ≥ 40% Ni;
f. Logam Co ≥ 93%;
g. CoS ≥ 40% Co;
h. Logam Cr ≥ 99%; and/or
i. Cr2O3 ≥ 40%.
3 Nickel and/or Pentlandit Alloy metals a. FeNi spon (sponge FeNi) ≥ 4% Ni;
Cobalt (reduction
Garnerit b. Luppen FeNi ≥ 4% Ni; and/or
process)
Serpentinit c. Nugget FeNi ≥ 4% Ni.
a. saprolit
Karolit
b. limonit

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The Use of Independence Technology the technology needed to support this hilirisasi-agenda
has been studied in university and the industry have a
It is believed that independency is one of the
willingness to follow the rule from the government.
highest values of a country. Using technology made by
its own country can be a sustainable way in the future a. Government
regarding the same areas of the technology needs. When
Indonesian government set the affairs of mineral
the idea comes from inside the country, empowering its
resources in UU No.4 year 2009, where all the IUP and
own engineers, building it with its own materials
IUPK (specific mining license) holders are compulsory
resources, economically it can be counted as cheaper
to increase the added value of mined minerals resources
without import or international shipping costs.
and/or coal in its mining operations, minerals refining
Furthermore, the independence of technology can
process, and its utilization.[17][18] where the refining
support the sustainability of the technology itself.
process should be processed domestically. [19] And be
Technology also become one of the core points in the
executed at least five years after the regulation
mining areas and mineral processing. In the mineral
promulgated. [20] In executing this hilirisasi-agenda, the
process of nickel mining commodity, it requires minerals
IUP and IUPK operations production holders can just do
refining tools known as smelter.
it directly or through collaboration with certain parties
ITS Smelter as the technology used such as mineral processing companies and/or others IUP
holders. [21] The government has also considered the
There must be many variables that need to be
certain minimum purities of nickel allowed to be
considered before deciding which technology will be
exported (Table 4) through the Energy and Mineral
used in an industrial based operations. This section
Resources Minister Regulation No.8 year 2015.
presents the working principle of ITS Smelter, its general
specification, the economic analysis, and the comparison b. University
with standard blast furnace (not Indonesian made).
University have responsibility on the
The working principle of ITS Smelter as blast development of knowledge and technology. It has been
furnace for production of Nickel Pig Iron (NPI) is almost right as a sample that Institut Teknologi Sepuluh
similar to the working principle of standard blast furnace Nopember (ITS) invented an appropriate technology for
for production of Pig Iron. The difference is in the tuyeres mineral processing. In order to support the mining
design, type of fuel used, and composition of the input activities in the long-term way, universities are also
materials, air flow rate, and the tapping technique. This responsible in preparing the human resources and for the
differences causing loss of a lot iron, so that the finished knowledge to accommodate any science and
product of NPI will obtained a high Ni content (25%- technological issues in industry
30%) in single process. If the expected Ni content to be
There are so many roles of university in a triple
produced is above 30%, this can be done by secondary
helix relationship due to certain specific types of triple
process in another refining specialized design of blast
helix relationship. One of the types is a balanced
furnace or another kind of furnace. With coal as fuel
configuration of triple helix. It is specific to the transition
used, have many advantages. The heat source, the
to a knowledge society where university and other
reductant, maintain Fe content, and with gasification
knowledge institutions act in partnership with
process inside blast furnace, will produce methane gas as
government and industry, even can take the lead in joint
fuel for tunnel kiln. [16]
initiatives. This balanced configuration offers the most
The Triple Helix Approach important insights for innovation. It is because the most
favorable environments for innovation are created at the
Each elements of triple helix in Indonesia have
intersections of the spheres where creative synergies
responded to the nickel production activity. The
emerge and set in motion a innovation-in-innovation
government of Indonesia has set an agenda called
process. As the effect, this will create new venues for
hilirisasi. In this hilirisasi-agenda, the government want
interaction and new organizational formats, as individual
to increase the added value of minerals in order to have
and organizational actors not only perform their own
more income than only exporting raw materials. While
ISSN 2548-6217 25
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role, but also take the role of the other when the other is industries in Southeast Sulawesi, based on that,
weak or under-performing. [22] university can start approaching certain IUPs holders to
process their mined nickel ores in a certain spots of
Discussion
smelter and plan for a nickel smelter building. The
It has been more than five years after the year for financial source could be that the university proposes a
the launch of UU No.4 year 2009. Until now, the proposal to the government to allocate funds this project
hilirisasi-agenda still has not been fully implemented as from the state budget and make this project as a state-
the amount of smelters in the country has not enough to owned enterprise thereafter. Since this project also can
cover the ores demand. Statistically in nickel commodity, contribute to the country income, it would be good if the
there is an oversupply of mined nickel ore as 8.805.409 government take an initiative to provide incentives for
tons per year, this amount still need to be processed the nickel smelter running project.
domestically. The lack of nickel smelters in Southeast
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financial capabilities. Summaries, February 2014
[2] USGS Fact Sheet 2012, March 2012, U.S.
This study ends to an idea on how to increase the
Department of the interior, U.S. Geological Survey,
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M.A. Boland, “Nickel-Makes Stainless Steel Strong”
independence of technology and an aptly method with
[3] “Nickel-Handbook of Mineralogy” (PDF).
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Handbookofmineralogy.org. Retrieved 2016-03-02
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2016
[11] Etzkowitz, H. (2008), The Triple Helix: University- [18] Act of The Republic of Indonesia No.4 year 2009
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[12] Etzkowitz, H. (2012), ‘Triple Helix Cluster: concerning Minerals and Coal. Article 103 paragraph
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[16] Pintowantoro, Sungging. The Opportunities of
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[17] Act of The Republic of Indonesia No.4 year 2009
concerning Minerals and Coal. Article 95 C

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CP03.
Study Area Housing Decentralization Water Suply Service Branch Central City Semarang
Muhammad Irsyad Rabbani

Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof Sudharto, Kampus
Undip Tembalang, Semarang Selatan, Indonesia 50275
Corresponding author: irsyadrabb@hotmail.com
Abstract. Housing of Puri Sartika, Bukit Sukorejo, and Trangkil Sejahtera are part of the service of PDAM Tirta Moedal
Semarang Central Branch is administratively located in the Village District of Gunungpati Sukorejo which is an area of
study that will be planned with a decentralized system. The decentralized system is the provision of drinking water
distribution system which managed by the community and the provision of water supplied by public water utilities. This
study is made as for non-revenue- water control and optimizes the distribution network PDAM Tirta Moedal Semarang
Central Branch. Most pipe bursts occur not because of the high pressure but rather due to continuous pressure
fluctuations that make pipes always expands and contracts, will cause a cracks caused by stress on the pipe. Of these
conditions will be built reservoir in the study area as a method for reservoir pressure setting is used for the flow
uniformity and have a function serves to balance between demand and supply of water. The study area will be compared
with a control region comparising Housing of Kandri Asri, Housing of Kuasen Rejo, and Housing of Manyaran Hill
District of West Semarang who have been served by PDAM. Selection of a control area based on similarity topography
with the study area.
Keywords: decentralization, distribution, loss, non-revenue water, reservoir, water,
Semarang and Plan of decentralization on the water

INTRODUCTION
supply system in the area of Semarang Central
Until now there are many PDAM that have Housing Puri Sartika, Sukorejo hill, and Trangkil
not been able to provide services to customers in an Prosperous Semarang. Stages of this research
amount sufficient for 24 hours a day as it should be consisted of several phases: preparation which in this
(Benny Chatib, 2003). One contributing factor is the phase, administrative processes and permitting the
presence of high water loss in the distribution system relevant agencies to carry out primary and secondary
which includes technical and non-technical loss. data collection on a control area and study area. Phase
Financially, the water loss caused substantial revenue survey and data collection, where the survey was
loss for the company. According to official data the conducted on the direct observation to the service
Ministry of Public Works, the average loss of water area to obtain primary data and all relevant agencies
PDAM in Indonesia reached about 37 percent, with to obtain secondary data while the control area just
37 percent of water losses, lost revenue opportunities collecting secondary data from relevant agencies.
reached 1.139 trillion IDR per year. Thus the Phase data processing: This phase contains data
necessary water loss prevention solutions with analysis of primary and secondary obtained and
decentralization of water supply with the calculation of data is necessary. Do a comparison
construction of reservoir in the area of study. between the conditions of a control area and a study
The purpose of this study is to analyze the covering the technical aspects, social, and cost. The
technical aspects, social, and cost in system planning planning stage of a decentralized system; This stage
decentralization in Semarang Central Housing Puri describes the planning system of decentralization of
Sartika, Bukit Sukorejo, and Trangkil Prosperous water supply service area Dewi Sartika, Kalialang,

ISSN 2548-6217 28
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and Deliksari Semarang adjusted data have been 2. Leaks Non-Technical
obtained and analyzed. Technical aspects include a. Error Logging Meters
energy efficiency in the distribution system that Filter error occurs not because the officers
is suppression water loss, the technical aspects were negligent possibility of poor quality water
that the investment cost for the construction of a meters so opaque frosted glass and cannot be
read. Or the customer is gone and conditions
reservoir in the study area, and the social aspect
registrar meter fence was locked so only
is people's willingness to reservoir development.
estimate the value of the figure.
According to (Dharmasetiawan, 2004) b. Water theft
water loss can be defined as the difference Cheating customers using group housing but is
between the carrying amounts of water enter the meant for business. Or deliberately lowering
system and the amount of water that the the water pipes of the secondary connection
that does not pass through the water meter so
carrying out of the system. In a water supply
that detected how many were used.
system is not entirely produced water plant to
the consumer. Usually there are leaks here and Based on the Manager's Non-Revenue Water
there are called water loss. Handbook: A Guide to Understanding Water Losses,
pipe bursts occur mostly due to continuous pressure
Water losses from the water supply fluctuations that make pipes always expands and
system, water meter errors, the connections that contracts, causing cracks due to stress. So based on
are not valid and loss of water of unknown these circumstances, will be planned with a
cause were classified as loss and wastage (loss decentralized system in the study area. Before
and waste). (Ray and Joseph, 1985). Losses entering in the discussion of the planning system is
caused by water leakage are as follows: decentralized, will do an analysis of centralized and
decentralized system that has been running in the
1. Decrease the quantity of water that can be
ministry to PDAM Tirta Moedal Semarang.
distributed to customers;
2. Decrease water pressure in the distribution area. Sharma et al. defines centralized water
3. Decrease in income received by PDAM Tirta supply system is a centralized water supply using a
Moedal / Based on research from Semarang City single reservoir distribution. In a distribution
PDAM, water leakage caused by: reservoir will be used to provide water to some areas.
1. Technical Leakage like: Service area that will be studied with a centralized
a. Age pipe that was long; system located in housing Kuasen Rejo, Subdistrict
Long pipe that has been built since the Dutch Gunung Pati, Semarang. As a decentralized system
time course berimba on condition of pipe that for drinking water supply systems in small-scale
was not good anymore who might have been a grouping / cluster that uses a distribution reservoir for
lot of corrosion and can lead to dead ends when the region. Service area with a decentralized system.
there are nearby trees whose roots go into the Situated on Beringin Housing, District of West
pipeline. The existing pipeline is still Semarang, Semarang. The planning area is the area
functioning, but some are difficult to detect its of the planned supply of drinking water with a
existence. decentralized system. Planning area will be
b. Connection error divided into three regions, namely: Housing
It often happens that their plumbing third Bukit Sukorejo, Trangkil Sejahtera, and Puri
parties pay little attention to the connection, so Sartika located on Sukorejo village, Gunung
if there is any material errors or installation will
Pati, Semarang.
cause water droplets, can even reduce the
pressure so the water reach out to customers According to (Venhuizen, 2001) in a
with very small pressure. centralized system of drainage discharge were great
just concentrated on one pipe. As for the

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decentralized system or a small scale, the flowspread Table 1. Pump data and E and W wells PDAM Tirta
through the small pipe so that water loss and Moedal
discharge that are too large can be reduced.
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

1. Control Region
Prior to the decentralized system of planning
in the planning area, there will be a study in control
areas. The control area as a comparison. A control
area are analyzed Greenwood Housing which is in the
west and residential districts Semarang Beringin in
the district Ngaliyan. The control area consists of the
area that has been underserved by PDAM with a
centralized system that Housing Greenwood and
decentralization, namely Housing Beringin
2. Analysis of Centralized Control Region
Distribution pipeline system used in this
centralized system is a system of branching (dead-
end distribution system) are derived from Reservoir
Reservoir water source comes from artesian
Gunungpati. Gunungpati Reservoir water to some
well Gunungpati totaling 30 wells East 1 - East 16
areas that Kuasen Rejo Housing, Housing Kandri
and West 1 - West 14. Sources of water coming from
Asri, Sadeng Zone, Housing Greenwood, Kalialang,
the wells is then pumped into Gunungpati Reservoir.
Zona Penataran temple, Pasadena Housing and
Here is the data pump wells to Gunungpati Reservoir.
Kalipancur Zone.
a. Analysis Hydraulics Centralized Distribution
System
Hydraulics analysis serves to ensure the
elevation EGL and HGL on any existing pipelines is
higher than the static elevation (Hs). Hydraulics
calculation results of analysis are presented in tables
and graphs below. From the hydraulics analysis
above, showing Housing Greenwood has a maximum
pressure that is equal to 212 meter, while according
to criteria based on the Regulation 18 of 2007 of the
Minister of Public Works, PVC pipes can withstand
a pressure of 8 atm or equal to 80 MKA, so that the
maximum pressure yet eligible under Regulation 18
of 2007 of the Minister of Public Works. For the head
loss of centralized distribution system to the Housing
of Greenwood has head loss value of 62.32 m.
Figure 1. PDAM Tirta Moedal centralized system scheme

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Figure 2. Profile hydraulic service area housing
greenwood
Figure 3. Profile hydraulic service area housing

greenwood Figure 4. Leakage analysis of the centralization system
Table 2. Hydraulics Analysis Simulation Program Epanet PDAM Tirta Moedal
2.0
3. Analysis of Decentralized Control Region
Distribution pipeline system used in this
decentralized system is a combination of branched
system (dead-end distribution system) and a closed
Hydraulics analysis simulation using the network or can be called a hybrid system derived
program Epanet 2.0 on the distribution system shows from Beringin Reservoir.
there is excess pressure in the service area of the
Housing Greeenwood so the pressure is still below
the standard design according to Minister of Public
Works Regulation No.18 of 2007 for the PVC pipe
that is 8 atm or 80 meters. As for the flow velocity in
the pipe is already meets the design criteria based
PERMEN PU 18, 2007 in the amount of 0.3 to 3 m /
sec. It is shown there are no red piping on the
simulation Epanet.
b. Leakeage Analysis
We can calculate the percent / amount of Figure 5. PDAM Tirta Moedal decentralized system
water loss, calculated using the formula: scheme
(D K)/ D H (1) Reservoir water distribution system of the

Beringin is using gravity. Reservoir elevation
where H = loss (%), D = the amount of water difference between Beringin and Beringin Housing
distributed (m3), K = the amount of water that is service area which is about 29-29 meters above sea
recorded in the collection account (m3). level. Reservoir Special Beringin drain water into
housing. Reservoir water source comes from artesian
well Beringin totaling 3 wells East 1 - East 3. Sources
of water coming from the wells is then pumped into
Reservoir Beringin. Here is the data capacity of

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production of wells Beringin months from March to
May in 2016.
Table 3. Production capacity wells Beringin in March-
May 2016
Hydraulics analysis simulation using the
program Epanet 2.0 on the distribution system
showed no excess pressure in the service area of the
Housing Beringin so the pressure is still below the
standard design according to Regulation of the
Minister of Public Works No.18 of 2007 for the PVC
pipe that is 8 atm or 80 meter. As for the flow rate of
the pipeline has not met the design criteria based
a. Analysis Hydraulics Centralized Distribution
PERMEN PU 18, 2007 in the amount of 0.3 to 3 m /
System
sec. Where the results of the simulation shows there
Hydraulics analysis serves to ensure the is still a flow rate ranging from 0.06 to 0.23 m / sec.
elevation EGL and HGL on any existing pipelines is
b. Leakeage Analysis
higher than the static elevation (Hs). Hydraulics
calculation results of analysis are presented in tables We can calculate the percent / amount of
and graphs below water loss, calculated using the formula:
(D K)/ D H (1)
where H = loss (%), D = the amount of water
distributed (m3), K = the amount of water that is
recorded in the collection account (m3).
Fig. 9. Profile hydraulic service area Housing of Beringin
Fig. 10. Profile hydraulic service area housing Beringin

Fig. 13. Leakage Analysis of the Centralization
System PDAM Tirta Moedal
Judging from the analysis of hydraulics in
housing Beringin in the fourth node, the maximum
pressure that is equal to 63 MKA, while according CONCLUSION
to criteria based on the Minister of Public Works Based on a comparison of the pressure on
No. 18 in 2007, PVC pipes can withstand a pressure both systems, as evidenced in a decentralized system
of 8 atm or equal to 80 meter, so that the maximum has a smaller pressure that is equal to 63 m compared
pressure has fulfilled requirements based PERMEN to the pressure on the centralized system reached 212
PU. For the maximum head loss of decentralized m. For water losses and total pressure loss (headloss),
distribution system to the Housing of Beringin a decentralized system is also superior to the value of
between 4 nodes has head loss value of 1.74 m. 22.48% and 1.74 m compared with the number of
Table 4. Hydraulics Analysis Simulation Program water losses and headloss in a centralized system
Epanet 2.0 which is 44.78% and 62.32 m. Excessive pressure
ISSN 2548-6217 32
2016
will cause a potential pipeline rupture that resulted [1] Joko, Tri. 2010. Unit Produksi Dalam Sistem
in an increase in water loss, then that is the function Penyediaan Air Minum. Semarang.
of the reservoir on a small scale or a decentralized [2] Farley, Malcolm, Gary W. Zainuddin, Bin Md.
system which lowers the pressure to reduce potential Ghazali, Arie Istandar,and Sher Singh. 2008. The
water losses. Other than that in terms of maintenance, Manager's Non-Revenue Water Hanbook. Pg 77
with the reservoir in each region, when it carried out [3] Al-Layla, Anis, Shamim Ahmad, and Joe
repairs, operators only need to fix the network in one Middlebrooks. 1978. Water Supply Engineering
region alone so no need to turn off the flow of water Design. Ann Arbor Science. New York.
in all regions.
[4] Sharma. 2 0 1 5. An Overview of Hybrid Water Supply
APPENDIX 1 Systems in the Context of Urban Water Management:
Challenges and Opportunities. Pg 1-3
Pressure: 1 atm = 10 meter
[5] Dharmasetiawan, M. 2 0 0 4. Teori dan Perencanaan
NOMENCLATURE Instalasi Pengolahan Air. Ekamitra Engineering. Pg
PDAM : Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum 126 [6] Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Republik
Indonesia Nomor 18. 2007. Penyelenggaraan
NRW : Non Revenue Water Pengembangan Sistim Penyediaan Air Minum Tahun
2007. PU. Jakarta..
MDA : Meter District Area
REFERENCES

ISSN 2548-6217 33
2016
CP04.
SPATIAL AND ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TOURISM TAGLINE “ENJOY
JAKARTA”
(A case study: Jakarta Old Town, Indonesia)
1
Triska Damayanti, Muhamad Iko Kersapati
Department of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia,
Depok, Indonesia
1
Corresponding author: triskapanda95@gmail.com
Abstract. As a capital city of Indonesia, Jakarta has potentiality to increasee state revenues from
tourism industry. Department of Tourism and Culture DKI Jakarta created tagline “Enjoy Jakarta” as a
part of planning strategy to introduce Jakarta as a worth tourism destination for domestic and foreign
visits. This research examines the tourism potential of Jakarta Old Town from four aspects: attraction,
physical condition, accessibility and government policy in spatial and ecological perspective through
Butler’s tourist area life-cycle evolution. Triangulation is used for this research, whereby data are
collected through literature study, observations, and in-depth interviews. Data presented by map of
tourism places change chronology and narrative description of ecological view of tourists’ comfort and
satisfaction. Identification of ecological condition around Jakarta Old Town includes the river,
pedestrian, crosswalk site, and shade trees along the edge of roads and buildings. Current condition of
Kali Besar which separates the complex area of the Old Town is cloudy and smells. Meanwhile, the
condition of the pedestrian paths with characteristic place of old buildings have narrow size. Zebra cross
as crosswalk facilities are still inadequate. Shade trees along the pedestrian paths and around the old
buildings have very small amounts and make the situation around the area looked barren. Results
indicate that Jakarta Old Town is in the development stage. To increase the life-cycle stage of this
tourism, government still needs time to continue the development until they achieve consolidation stage
and all of parts have managed to work together to realize the meaning of “Enjoy Jakarta”.
Keywords: Enjoy Jakarta, Geography of Tourism, Jakarta Old Town, Life-Cycle Evolution
Introduction regardless of the promotion, had the tourists

really felt "Enjoy"? Had the strategy planning
Tourism as one of industrial sector has
of the government been able to realize the true
an important role in economic development and
meaning of "Enjoy Jakarta"? Through this
become an aspect that affects the nation's
research, we try to answer these questions.
international image. Jakarta does not only have
function as the central government of As a tourism destination in Jakarta,
Indonesia, but also as a tourism destination both Jakarta Old Town has been an urban heritage
domestic and foreign. Department of Tourism tourism since 1972 (in the reign of Ali Sadikin,
and Culture DKI Jakarta implements various the 9th Governor of Jakarta). According to
policies to boost tourism activity in Jakarta, one Burton (1995) the urban heritage tourism is a
of that policies is promoting Jakarta's tourism tourism that presents the landscape of history,
through a tagline "Enjoy Jakarta". However, art and culture of the city. It gives not only the
International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC) ISSN 2548-6217 34

2016
experience of urban physical environment, but cycle evolution: involvement, exploration,
also the atmosphere and feel of the past through development, consolidation, stagnation and
the remains of physical form of past civilization decline or rejuvenation.
and culture, including the architectural
Theoretical Review
buildings, landscape, and archaeological
feature in form of artifacts and objects Traditional tourist areas traverse during
remaining from the past. To examine the its life span six stages: exploration,
development of the tourism activity, there are involvement, development, consolidation and
four aspects observed in this research: stagnation, arriving to a final post-stagnation
attraction, physical condition, accessibility and stage. This last stage is further characterized by
goverment policy. a period of decline, rejuvenation, or
stabilization. However, it must be remarked
that this last stage (poststagnation) was in fact
open (Butler admitted a final stage where sharp
decline,rejuvenation or other intermediate
solutions were possible). Each stage was
characterized by a different rhythm of growth,
the change of attitude and composition of the
main actors (tourists, administration, local
entrepreneurs, international corporations, local
residents and immigrants) and the variation of
the main attractions (original or human made).
The result of this evolution was an S shape or
logistic curve representing the arrivals of tourist
or visitors until the stagnation stage. The upper
limit of this curve was determined by the social,
Figure 1. Mind flow of spatial and ecological physical or economical carrying capacity of the
analysis of tourist area life-cycle. tourist area destination.
In daily, terminology of tourism is TALC should focus on either one of
often confused with recreation. There are some two aspects: (a) testing the applicability of the
difference between the term of tourism and model and (b) redeveloping the model to
recreation. Tourism is a leisure activity which incorporate different issues.This approach is
necessitates long distant and overnight journey also followed in this study. Specifically, three
while recreation is a leisure activity that does aspects of the model are examined: (1) the
not involve long distance travel or overnight validity and applicability of the model as
sleeping (Ajala, 2013). In georaphic applied to the tourism development evolution
perspective, tourism is an agent of change and of Old Town, (2) external and internal forces
development of spatial structure. Resources as that shaped tourism development in the Old
an attraction can directly influence the Town and surrounding areas, and (3)
development of tourism. Furthermore, environmental, social, and economic changes
interlinks between tourism activity and the as they relate to each stage of the model.
resources are examined as an integrated
Although the TALC is a useful concept
development. Butler (1980) improvised the
for describing the evolution of tourism
evolution of tourism development through his
development, what stages and/or duration of a
product cycle-based evolution of tourism
stage will be experienced by a tourism
destination and divide it into six phases of life-
destination is largely subject to a number of

2016
factors, and therefore, no perfect formula can be
applied to different areas. Many factors can
affect the model of TALC. These factors can be
categorized into two groups: internal and
external factors. (Agarwal, 1997). Internal
factors include those inherent to a destination
(i.e., uniqueness of resources and attractions,
local residents and their attitudes toward
tourism development, and gradual deterioration
of tourism resources) and associated
management, service practices, and qualities.
The external factors are individual
entrepreneurs,tour operators can also play a
significant role in the TALC. Besides of Figure 2. R.W. Butler. (1980) The concept of the
internal and external factors, there are also tourist area life-cycle of evolution: implications for
another aspects which related to TALC, there management of resources. Canadian Geographer 24
are environmental, social, and economic (1), 5-12.
changes. of life-cycle evolution: involvement, Methodologies and Approaches
exploration, development, consolidation,
Qualitative Paradigm and Triangulation of
stagnation and decline or rejuvenation.
Data
In the way to achieve an attracting
Qualitative paradigm is proved as
place as a heritage tourism site, there are some
traditional paradigm, positivist, experimental,
standards that created by Association of
or empiricist. This qualitative paradigm is
Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The ten
applied by triangulation, whereby data are
ASEAN Member Countries, namely:
collected through literature study, observations,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines,
and in-depth interviews. Literature study
Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Laos,
focuses on relevant data collecting from books,
Myanmar, Cambodia have considered the
journals, and some research refers to the topic
standardization of tourism services essential for
about Jakarta Old Town area life-cycle
helping ASEAN to be a Quality Single
evolution explained in chronological view.
Destination. One measure in the Roadmap for
Observations focus on identification and
Integration of Tourism Sector to realize the
validation Jakarta Old Town tourism site
ASEAN Economic Community is the
related to four aspects of tourism potential used
establishment of the ASEAN Tourism
in spatial and ecological analysis. In-depth
Standards. The ASEAN Tourism Standards
interviews are used to get tourist’s personal
Task Force is currently chaired by Thailand and
perspective of their opinions related tagline
vice-chaired by Indonesia for 2007 - 2008.
“Enjoy Jakarta”, satisfactions, and problems
according to their visit experiences.

2016
Table 1. ASEAN Tourism Heritage Standards.
Criteria Requirements – Heritage

Uniqueness and
Natural Heritage
characteristics of
heritage  Significance of ecological systems and natural habitats.
 Undisturbed environments or environments demonstrating natural process at work i.e.
wetlands, wilderness areas, or coastal areas.
 Existence of rare and unique species present at the site.
Cultural Heritage
 Significance of the existing cultural and historical resources.
 Authenticity and integrity.
 Degree of survival of the archaeological remains, human
 Values, ways of life, customs, land use, events and living traditions.
Site protection and  Existence of management control/measures to ensure that the site capacity (in terms of
conservation resources and facilities) can absorb tourism activities.
 Implementation of preventive measures/ management mechanisms to minimize
degradation of resources.
Tourism and site  Appropriate tourism activities compatible with local heritage, values and character.
management  Involvement of local communities in the development and the management of the cultural
and the natural heritage site
 Creation of jobs that encourage the use of local knowledge, skills and traditions. The use
of appropriate off-site and on-site interpretive media to educate visitors such as: Signage
/panel, Brochure, Visual/ audio presentation, Guide book, Special events
 Availability of well-trained local guides/ interpreters to serve visitors.
 Introduction of codes of conduct to educate visitors on what should or should not do when
visiting the site.
 Monitoring program in place to assess tourism impacts on the site.
Environmental  Provision of appropriate and sufficient waste management system.
management  Put in place waste water treatment.
 Zoning parking area for the site.
 Control and regulate the entry of objects, materials and vehicles to the site.
Accessibility  Sufficient infrastructure and facilities to enable easy and safe access to the site.
 Adequate and clear directional signage to the site.
Support facilities  Adequacy of facilities such as medical care, F&B outlets, electricity, water supply,
restrooms, communication tools.
 Availability of skilled staff, officials/ local guards and other measures to take care of safety
and security for visitors.

2016
Jakarta and West Jakarta. Jakarta Old Town is
Spatial and Ecological Approach in Tourism
also known as Old Batavia. In the era of VOC,
Research
Dutch government built a fort at the mouth of
Spatial thinking as a scientific the Ciliwung River to restrain the local enemy
approach is the essence of geography and attack or threat from the outside (1619). Batavia
closely associated with parallel work in social City is the center of economic activity and
and natural science disciplines. Spatial government during the reign of Pangeran
approach also is a part of broader disciplinary Jayakarta, Portuguese, Dutch, and Chinese.
framework of research. Structuralization of Sunda Kelapa harbor is located in the northern
spatial aspects and processes of one place may of Batavia City and be the largest trading center
stimulated by a large number of empirical in Southeast Asia at the time. In Dutch
studies to examine human behavior or natural colonialism era, Sunda Kelapa very crowded
phenomenon. Furthermore, explanation about and much visited by foreign traders to obtain
that can be more understood by spatial spices.
modeling and mapping. In human geography,
Because of its strategic location with
especially geography of tourism, potentiality of
abundant resources, Batavia City dubbed as
a place as a tourism destination are examined
“Queen of the East” and “Jewel of Asia”. After
and explain “where” and “why”. For example,
1860, the Territory of the Batavia City
in attraction aspect, we can make simple
expanded because of urban population increase.
questions like “where is place with high cost?”
Nowadays, the Old Town became a tourism
and “why there?” we already know the answer.
destination in Jakarta that has attraction of
But analyze a place using this approach is not
landscape history, art and culture and is one of
too simple. There are many criteria to make a
the most visited by tourists both domestic and
regionalization of a place and it depends on
foreign. Based on the Jakarta Old Town Master
aspects are considered.
Plan (DTK, 2007), Jakarta Old Town Region is
Urban as an artificial ecosystem is an divided into five zones: Sunda Kelapa,
engineered form of earth surface natural Fatahillah, Pecinan, Pekojan, and Glodok. This
conditions with humans act as its center. In paper focuses on Fatahillah Zone as location of
ecological concepts, the feasibility of a place in research.
fulfill the needs of population is expressed in
carrying capacity. human as the center of
interest in urban ecosystem depends on this
environment carrying capacity. It occurs in the
aspect of natural physical related to the green
spaces, drainage systems, etc. In study of
tourism, ecological approach is used to examine
the carrying capacity of a place as a tourism
proponent. This carrying capacity can directly
affects the interests and perceptions of visitors
with implications for the sustainability of
tourism.
Location of Research
Jakarta Old Town is located in the Figure 3. Location of Jakarta Old Town.
northern of Jakarta. Old building complex with Results and Discussion
an area of 1.3 km2 crosses two districts, North
Exploration (1870 – 1970)

2016
At this stage, international companies management of the regulatory system's Old
began to build commercial buildings around Town neighborhood, the government made
Kali Besar such as banks, insurance office, and Jakarta Governor Regulation No. 7 of 2011 on
trading firm based in around Fatahillah zone the Establishment of Organization and Work
and Kali Besar. The architecture of these Flow Management Unit Old Town area.
buildings also have undergone mixing between
the Dutch-style buildings (Indies) and the style
of Chinese building in the form of home stores
(shop). Until 1970, the condition of old
buildings as a forerunner to the Old Town
tourist attraction has not changed much even
though functionally has been transferred from
the Dutch central government.
Involvement (1970 – 1999)
At this stage, international companies
began to build commercial buildings around
Kali Besar such as banks, insurance offices, and
trading firms based in around Fatahillah zone
and Kali Besar. The architecture of these
buildings also have undergone mixing between
the Dutch-style buildings (Indische) and the
style of Chinese building in the form of home
stores (shop). Until 1970, the condition of old
buildings as a forerunner to the Old Town
tourist attraction has not changed much even
though functionally has been transferred from Figure 4. Timeline of Jakarta Old Town evolution
the Dutch central government. stages.
Development (1999 – now) In the aspect of transport, in 2004 the Jakarta

Government officially opened the Transjakarta
In addition to the Fatahillah Zone, there Corridor 1 majoring Terminal Blok M - Kota.
are still many buildings that qualify as a Transjakarta make people have alternative
heritage building but has not been designated as modes of transportation are more diverse in
a protected building. In 1999 the Government addition to public transportation and trains.
of DKI Jakarta create Regional Regulation no. Transjakarta services is continually improved
9 of 1999 on Environmental Conservation and with the opening of new corridors as well as the
Utilization of Cultural Property. On the basis of operating hours to 24 hours. Means of rail
these policies, particularly the Old City area of freight also increased comfort, in the year 2008
Zona Fatahillah (including Kali Besar and AC electric trains Commuter Line operates and
Jakarta Kota stations) functioned as a general replace electric trains economy, but at that
tourist and commercial activities is limited. moment Line Commuter rates are still
Environmental regulation is done by relatively expensive. To attract people to use
maintaining the authenticity of the elements of these transport services, government subsidies
the environment and the architecture that and enforce e-ticketing. In 2016, Jakarta
characterizes the region, which is to preserve Governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama currently
the character of city spaces and buildings plans to revitalize the Kali Besar in the days of
preserve cultural heritage. To improve the

2016
Dutch colonialism serves as the port of the ship Accessibility aspects include
into the tourist center of the Old Town. infrastructure, ease and walking comfort also
have to improve. On spatial model of Fatahillah
Old Town area Development Challenges and
zone can be seen that the green space is still
Tourist Perception
very low and not distributed largely on the
Tourist area development nowadays is pedestrian paths. By creating shades for
important to increase national image especially pedestrian paths so that although Jakarta has a
foreign visits. This is become a challenge in tropical climate with hot air temperature,
Economic Community era. A tourist pedestrian remain comfortable while traveling
destination has to refer to the Tourism around the tourist area. Moreover, the absence
Standards to fulfill an ideal. Some parts of of the pedestrian crossing bridge also reduces
tourist perception according to the tourism comfort. Although it has been provided
standards, can be explained. Policy zebracross at some point, its use is not
developments that occurred in less than 2 maximized where tourists prefer cross the road
decades have strengthen site protection and randomly.
conservation. Based on Regional Regulation
Conclusion
no. 9 of 1999 on Environmental Conservation
and Utilization of Cultural Property, According to TALC model, the results
government ensure the existence of of chronological views indicate that Jakarta Old
management control/measures to ensure that Town is in the development stage. Furthermore,
the site capacity (in terms of resources and comparison of the field survey and interviews
facilities) can absorb tourism activities. In the to the ASEAN Tourism Standards reveals there
long term it has to be more improved to protect are some problems of Jakarta Old Town as a
all of the buildings and archaeological site. Tourism destination. It may be not appear
According to the environmental management firmly in macroanalysis but it could be felt by
standards, which include water treatment, tourist, especially in microspatial aspects.
environmental aesthetics, and parking area, Tourism Heritage is an outstanding cultural or
they are even no change for years. Tourists heritage area of a country that is protected,
argued that Kali Besar as one of the tourist conserved and managed in a sustainable
attraction of the Old Town also cannot be manner provided with easy access and support
enjoyed as a unified aesthetic environment. The facilities for the enjoyment of visiting tourists.
river conditions are currently very murky with Jakarta Old Town (Kota Tua) as an outstanding
a pungent odor. This makes tourists do not like cultural and heritage area need more attention
to longer in the vicinity. Since 2016, Jakarta from the goverment to be built as a good area
Governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama started to for heritage tourism.
revitalize the river and improve the function as
an open green area in the town. The
requirement of parking area also be attention. In
fact, Jakarta old town as we can see they have
no good place to be parking area. People can
park their motorcycle and their car on the road
near heritage area. This condition really bother
us as a tourist while we are walking around the
heritage area. People can’t feel save for walking
because the motorcycle and car can cross the
road infront of us, and absolutelly its not save
at all.
2016
References
[1] R.W. Butler. (1980). The concept of the
tourist area life-cycle of evolution:
implications for management of
resources. Canadian Geographer 24 (1), 5
– 12.
[2] L. Zhong, J. Deng, and B. Xiang. (2007).
Tourism development and the tourism
area life-cycle model: A case study of
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, China.
[3] O.A. Ajala, I.R. Aliu. (2013). Tourism
and integrated development: A
geographic perspective, GEOGRAFIA
Online Malaysia Journal of Society and
Space 9 issue 1 (105 – 114 ).
[4] Pedersen. (2002). Managing Tourism
World Heritage Sites: a Practical Manual
for World Heritage Site Managers, 22 –
27.
[5] Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
(2013). ASEAN Tourism Standards, 16 –
17.
[6] R. Fardhyan. “Pola Keruangan Resiko
Kerusakan Bangunan Cagar Budaya
Akibat Banjir di Kawasan Kota Tua
Jakarta”. Master dissertation, Universitas
Indonesia, Indonesia, 2014.
Fig 5. Spatial Model of Fatahillah Zone, Jakarta Old Town,
imagery source validated by field survey.
[7] Government of DKI Jakarta. (2007).
Guidelines Kotatua, 7 – 9.
There are still many things that become [8] Department of Tourism and Culture DKI
obstacles to improve the quality of the Old Jakarta. (2013). Department of Tourism
Town as a tourist destination for local and and Culture DKI Jakarta Strategy
foreign tourists. Lack of care and planning for Planning.
the environment and public facilities are
located in the Old Town made the tourists do
not feel comfortable when traveling by foot,
especially during the day until late afternoon
when the air temperature in Old Town is very
hot. The tagline "Enjoy Jakarta" which made by
government cannot be felt by the tourists who
visit the location of the Old Town. Lack of
coordination between each agencies
government to build, maintain and promote the
tourist areas makes the Old Town stuck in the
development stage and has not shown
significant changes towards sustainable
development stages.
2016
Table 2. Evolution stages of Jakarta Old Town
COLOR ASPECTS DETAIL YEAR CHRONOLOGY
Early Period International company establish the buildings as banks,
1870
Development insurance offices, trading firms, etc.
Environmental regulation by maintaining the authenticity of
the old elements of the environment and the architecture that
characterizes the region.
Spaces along the Kali Besar, along Jalan Pintu Besar Utara and
around the grounds Beos Station (now known as Jakarta Kota
Station) used for the public and limited commercial activity.
The addition of new public facilities structure in the city hall
Restoration kept to a minimum and do not damage the space.
and Functional
1999 In a heritage building it is possible to adapt the new functions
Management
in accordance with the city's plan, which is to harness the
Attraction of Buildings
buildings for commercial activities, entertainment, limited
occupancy (hotel), and apartments.
Regulation of sign and advertising board according to the
established rules in the board guidelines.
Particularly Fatahillah Park area, is made as an open space for
public tourism activities especially the municipal level, which
is not permanent, either scheduled or incidental.
Replacement types of locomotive train into electric train
1976
made in Japan (now known as Commuter Line)
2004 The opening of the TransJakarta Bus corridor 1
Public
Accessibility Commuter Line user comfort is enhanced but prices are still
Transport 2008
expensive
2013 E-ticketing and tariff reduction for commuter trips
2014 TransJakarta Bus operating hours increase to 24 hours
Physical Environmental
2016 Revitalization of Kali Besar (scheduled)
Condition Aesthetics
Decree of Governor Cd.3/1/ 1970 on Statement of Taman
1970
Fatahillah Region as the Restoration Region
Regional Regulation No. 9 tahun 1999 on Conservation and

1999
Utilization of Environment and Heritage
Planning of DKI Jakarta Governor Regulation No. 7 tahun 2011 on

Government
Old Town 2011 Establishment of Organization and Old Town Unit
Policy
Tourist Area Management Work Flow
Governor Regulation No. 36 tahun 2014 on Master Plan for
2014
the Old Town area

2016
ABSTRACT OF PRESENTATIONS
A001. The Well-implemented Local Governance in Indonesia: An Experience of Yogyakarta

Municipality
Ridho Al-Hamdi
Department of Governmental Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Email: ridho.alhamdi@tu-dortmund.de
Abstract. This study analyses the local government in contemporary Indonesia in order to gain a
benchmark of the well implemented governance at the level of district/municipality. There are three
main aims: first, explaining the development of local governance in current Indonesia, second,
understanding how the local governance can be implemented successfully and its impacts to public
services and, third, looking for driving factors which influence the implementation of the local
governance. Methodologically, it is a qualitative research by employing the case study. Therefore,
Yogyakarta Municipality was selected as the study object due to its outstanding achievements. The in-
depth interview and documentary analysis will be applied as the data-gathering techniques. The study’s
finding is threefold. First is the development of the municipal government can be divided into three
steps: the phase of installation of democratic systems (2001-2006), the phase of loads of signs of
progress (2006-2011) and the phase of stable situation (2011-2015). Second is the impact of governance
process is that two public services, education and health, can be achieved successfully. The increase of
the municipal budget from year to year, supporting facilities, integrated systems and the pro-poor people
policy can be provided as tangible proofs. Third is a fourfold determining factor which can influence
the successful governance: the leadership of the city mayor, a good partnership and cooperation amongst
the state actors, the availability of well-educated civil servants and the maximization of local-owned
resources.
Keywords: Education affairs, leadership, local governance, health affairs, Yogyakarta Municipality
A002. The Effort for Industrial Revival in Indonesia through Education Reform: The Evaluation
of Education Curriculum in Indonesia with Gontor Curriculum as Alternative Solution
1
Lutfi Aulia Rahman, Musthofa Abdul Karim
Universitas Islam Indonesia, Alumni of Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor
Email: 1rahmandp9@gmail.com
Abstract. Education is one of important factors in the progress of a nation, especially for the industrial
growth in the country. Indonesia, which has abundant capital of Natural Resources should be able to
compete with other countries. However, due to the quality and capability of Human Resources are
inadequate, so that the Indonesian are not maximum to manage existing resources to improve the
industry in their country. Education is the main pillar to support industrial revival in several countries.
Indonesia, which in 1960s had been one of the center for education for some neighboring countries such
as Malaysia, now is running in place and even deterioration. So, to support the industrial revival in
Indonesia, should start from improving the quality of education in the country. This paper will attempt
to evaluate the education system in Indonesia, revealing the exist problems with some solutions to solve
them, which one of them is to implement the education system of Darussalam Gontor Islamic Boarding
School as alternative solution, which the Gontor curriculum focuses on 24 hours curriculum including
2016
character and social education, the integration of religious knowledge and general science with balanced
proportions, and the implementation of obligation to speak in International languages -Arabic and
English- as the official language in daily interactions, both inside and outside the classroom. This paper
will also discusses the application of strategic steps in the implementation of solutions which are
summarized in the conclusion of this paper.
Keywords: Revival, Education, Curriculum, Gontor
A003. Developing Research Competencies of Pre-Service English Teachers through Teachers

Diary
1
Intan Pradita, Muhammad Mukhlas
Islamic University of Indonesia
Email: 1intanyosra@gmail.com
Abstract. Due to the urgency of engaging in ASEAN Economic Community, it is important to the
ASEAN countries’ young generation to prepare their best. One of the demands that should be well-
prepared, as stated in the ASEAN Charter, is that the ASEAN people must have a strong research
competence in order to be able to enhance their academic performance. This goal goes to several sectors
of development, including education. Based on the previous studies, as the front liner of education,
teachers are expected to have high professionalism, in which one of the ways to fulfill it is through an
accomplished action research performance during their teaching practices. This is in line to the previous
studies that the most recommended features of research competence are as similar as the process of
conducting Action Research. It is said that Program Profesi Guru or Teacher Professional Program
held by the government of Indonesia has been able to develop the teachers’ research competence. To
accommodate the goal of having high research competence, this research aims at developing a prototype
of learning materials in the form of workbook. The objectives of this study are to provide a practical
workbook on conducting action research. The setting of this research was in English Language
Education Department, Islamic University of Indonesia. There were 6 students involved in this research
under the pre-service program or PPL Sekolah in order to conduct the needs analysis on the research
competence preparedness. The information wrapping and literature review was conducted afterwards.
The next step was designing the workbook and the last one was asking for internal validation of two
lecturers whose expertise on Asean studies and action research. The workbook covers the elements of
action research such as identifying problems, planning, action, enacting the action, and self-reflection.
The instruments of this research were interview questions, a questionnaire for internal validation, the
related sources on action research and Asean Economic Community development. The method that was
applied in the research was a research and development studies of Richey and Klein (2004) at stage
one. The results are the workbook still needs an improvement on the last two processes in the matter of
enrichment of the resources. The final workbook is accommodative to help improving research
competencies of the 6 pre-service teachers in Islamic University of Indonesia significantly.
Keywords: action research; teachers’ professional development; research competence; workbook;
ASEAN Economic Community

2016
B001. Halal Products of Indonesia in ASEAN Economic Community: Brand Prospects &
Competitiveness
Al Afif Muzakir, Randi Andiyana, and Dzakwan Ina Ghandur
Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Riau
Email: afifmuzakir@gmail.com
Abstract. The current study aims to analyze strategy in developing Islamic business in Indonesia. As
part of the effort to develop halal Industry in Indonesia amidst rising competition within ASEAN
economic community. Using time series data during the last ten years, It will be compared with five
competitors ASEAN countries that are also producing and export halal products. The paper examines
data of six potential products traded in the international markets that are highly recommended as halal
products. The paper finds that competitiveness pharmaceutical products are high. Average revealed
comparative advantage (RCA) on 4 and in 2014 more than 6. Animal, vegetable fats, and oils, cleavage
products, etc have higher competitiveness level and have good prospects in the future. Average revealed
comparative advantage (RCA) on 3. Therefore required several strategies, Indonesia with a large pool
of resources, the largest number of the Muslim population, has the advantage to make halal products as
a leading marketing strategy and develop a distinctive halal brand to serve the ASEAN market.
Keywords: ASEAN Economic Community; Brand; Competitiveness; Halal Products; Prospect

2016
C001. Strategic Map of Crowdfunding to Support Documentary Film Industry in Indonesia
1
Satria Regi Guntara and 2Arif Faisal Ramdani
School of Industrial and System Engineering, Telkom University
Email: 1satriaregun@gmail.com, 2ariffaisal11@gmail.com
Abstract. The creative industry is a hope for the Indonesian economy to rise, compete and achieve
excellence in the global economy. Indonesia has a lot of potential that can be developed to support
creative industry. Unfortunately, the creative industry in Indonesia has not been developed optimally.
The Indonesian creative industry often experience problems in accessing banking, which resulted many
creative industries have difficulties when they were developing creative products because the lack of
capital. One of the sub-sector of the creative industries that experience this problems is film, particularly
documentary genre. Thus, one of the steps taken by the filmmakers to be able to make the film is through
crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an activity of collective, attentional and trusted cooperation of people
raise money together, usually connected via the internet, in order to support efforts initiated by other
people or organizations. Indonesian society are considered to have a tradition of mutual cooperation, so
crowdfunding can be appropriate to be applied in Indonesia. Many examples of successful
documentaries funded by crowdfunding. However, not all project succeed in getting the funds. This
research aims to design an effective business model in order to raise funds to support the creative
industry, especially documentary film. The business model analysis method used is the Business Model
Canvas (BMC). The goal of strategy is to stimulate public participation in contributing funding of
creative industry about documentary film on digital media. Crowdfunding strategy formulation using
the Business Model Canvas (BMC) aims to be a reference to the filmmaker for more effective
fundraising and working up documentary film industry in Indonesia.
Keywords: Business Model Canvas, crowdfunding, documentary film, creative industry, strategy
C002. Transportation Based Application through Information Technology System in the 21st
Centuries
Cindi Feronika1, Rahesza Natasya Tama1, Reni Tri Isromiyah1
Faculty of Business, Sampoerna University
Email : feronikacindi05@gmail.com
Abstract. The development of digital technologies is giving ultimate dividend in the business sector.
As the advantage, technology has succeeded create a new style of business, become marketing booster
and create mutualism interaction both for business developer and also customers. The advance of the
digital technology is letting the business sector advertise their products or services through social media
like Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and many others which the process does not need a lot of money to
spent, but the number of people who are able to see is larger. Then, the mutualism interaction means
that the business developer can gain the profit, give the opportunity for other to get a job, and solve the
customers’ problem. Through this research paper, the writers want to provide detail information about
what are the form of digital technology dividend in business sectors and also about the real case study
of how a transportation business sector use the IT development. At the last point, the observers also
provide information about how important Indonesia achieves the industry revival in the transportation
sector and how the citizens care about it complete with the suggested strategy how to maximize the
dividend of digital technology to improve the transportation business in Indonesia. Qualitative and
quantitative research methodologies are selected methodology for observing all of the point mentions
above.
2016
Keywords: Business Sector, Digital Technologies, Dividend, Industry Revival, Transportation
C003. CFD Analysis of Hydro dynamically Lubricated Journal Bearing (A Case Study: The
Potential Use of Water Lubricant)
1*
Prayudha N. Wijaya, 1Bayu S. Wibowo, 1Brain C. Ichsan & 2Sandi S.
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, Semarang,
Central Java, Indonesia
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36A, Surakarta,
Central Java, Indonesia
Email: *prayudhanaufal13@gmail.com
Abstract. Environmental issues and energy saving have become a concern of engineering design and
manufacture, including the design of the mechanical components such as bearings. Generally, bearing
uses oil as lubricants because of high viscosity. However, oil lubricated bearing has deficiencies, such
as environmental pollution, the risk of explosion and energy efficiency. The purpose of this study is to
investigate the potency of water as the replacement of oil lubricant. However, one of the challenges
posed by water as a lubricant is the low viscosity of the water, the simulation is undertaken by
comparing the pressure distribution of hydrodynamic lubrication on a water-film with oil-film
cavitation and non-cavitation modeling using the model of Schnerr and Sauer with variation of rotation
1200 rpm , and 2500 rpm on CFD software. The eccentricity ratio used is 0.6 and length over diameter
(L / D) 1.0. The similar result of positive pressure distribution zone of water and oil film at cavitation
and non-cavitation model on the rotational speed of 1200 rpm and 2500 rpm is shown by the distribution
of the red zone of water lubricant that looks similar to the red zone of oil lubricant. Moreover, the charts
of static pressure versus bearing position of the water-film and oil-film show a similar pattern that can
be used as one of the indicators of the potential of water as a replacement for oil as the lubricant.
However, due to the viscosity of water is much lower than the oil causes the load support of water is
much lower than oil, so it is necessary to change the configuration of the journal bearings to increase
the load support of the water-film.
Keywords: CFD; hydrodynamic lubrication; journal bearing; water.
C004. Optimization and Reduction Possibility of Cylinder Oil Feed Rate Consumption in Low
Risk (A case study: At one ship operated by shipping company in Indonesia)
Muhammad Arifin
Hochschule Wismar
Email: muhammad_arifin3318@yahoo.com
Abstract. In several years the two stroke-diesel engine installed on board has become one of the
preferred prime movers for several types of vessels because there are a number of reasons for success
of the two stroke diesel engine in marine applications namely power, fuel selection and efficiency. In
two stroke diesel engine, cylinder lube oil is one of the large expenditure during ship operation even a
0.1 gr/kWh reduction it can reduce cost significantly per years for shipping company. Alpha lubrication
system in two stroke engine is one of the common lubrication systems. The objectives of this research
are to determine and describe the specific cylinder oil lubrication problem at one ship of the PT X
regarding over lubrication or under lubrication, to find out the potential reduction pattern systematically
by Alpha Adaptive Cylinder Oil Control mode and to develop some procedures (what should be
2016
considered in changing cylinder oil feed rate).Alpha adaptive cylinder oil control factor can be a
reference to optimize the cylinder oil consumption and some procedures must be considered such as
feed rate sweep test, drain oil analysis, scavenging port inspection, and engine complete check. The
optimization of cylinder oil consumption was conducted based on the real data from shipping company.
Optimization of cylinder oil consumption is one way to reduce operational cost also to avoid damage
on piston and cylinder in low risk and the optimization of cylinder oil consumption also produces
positive effect toward environmental condition because of lower emission. The result of this research
should be useful to support respective company training program and management decision.
Keywords: Cylinder oil feed rate; Optimization of cylinder oil consumption; procedures to reduce
cylinder oil consumption; reduction pattern of cylinder oil.
C005. Implementation of Wave Energy Conversion Using Oscillating Water Column to Advance
Fisherman’s Electric Vessel in Pare-pare City
Muh Sulthoanuddin Akbar
Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia
Campus UI Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesia
Email: sulthoanuddin@gmail.com
Abstract. Pare-pare is a city that located in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has 8.38 km long on its coastal
line, where the locals could develop fishing industry as domestic income to support the economic
progression. Most of the fisherman are still using diesel fuel to drive vessel to strike and chase the
targets at the fishing ground, meanwhile the needs of fuel is no longer aligned with the availability. On
the impact, fisherman should delay their departure upon the schedule and pay higher for fuel price. By
looking forward to great potential of wave energy in South Sulawesi, waves on the ocean arise from
sun energy transfer to wind then to wave. Solar energy creates wind which blows over the ocean,
converting wind to wave energy. Most importantly, waves are a regular source of power with an
intensity that can be predicted several days before their arrival. Utilization applies by using wave energy
converter (WEC), the wind vector carries wave will oscillating and the transformation of the energy
occurs on the device using oscillating water column (OWC). The objectives consist of two things, firstly
the implementation refers to wave energy converter, secondly the improvement of fishing industry in
Pare-pare. Refers to wave potential near the shore of the city, OWC which applied on WEC can generate
eectric charge to vessel. The result to the implementation can increase productivity in fishing industry
by having cost savings in terms of fuel usage up to 76 % and reduce downtime in case of fuel scarcity.
Keywords: converter; electric charge; fishing industry; oscillating water column (OWC); potential
wave energy; vessel
C006. The Fundamentally of Green Mine Optimization Strategy into Protection Acid Mine
Drainage toward Sustainable Water Flow Contaminant Modelling System (Case study: South
Block Area Lamin Site PT Mega Alam Sejahtera East of Kalimantan Indonesia)
1,2,3
Rahmat Muallim, 4Hajrah
1
Engineering Department PT.Mega Alam Sejahtera, Berau, East of Kalimantan, Indonesia
2
Institution of Engineers Indonesia (IEI), Jakarta, Indonesia
3
Mining Engineering Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South of Sulawesi, Indonesia
4
Water Resources Engineering and Management (Warem), Stuttgart University, Germany
2016
Email: 4hajrah_bulan@yahoo.com
Abstract. Mining activity has been a huge contributor of human environmental disaster mostly in one
decades in earth. The consequences of technology approach and natural resources to complete people
daily need showed the implication about the effect of mining area which contacting to human directly
that would be created unbalance system among mining and human life which the source problem was
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). AMD has been the ultimate cases in mining production in the world that
effects to environmental pollution and prior catalyst caused the flawed of production target in number
of mining companies. Green Mine Optimization Strategy was developed sustainable system to protect
water flow contaminant existence who will be occurred in the source of mining excavation area in South
Block Area PT Mega Alam Sejahtera, East of Kalimantan. South Block Area Lamin Site PT. Mega
Alam Sejahtera has been conducted by number of scenario methods were Vadoze zone coal water
contaminant, Run off water encapsulation, Water Monitoring Point management which all methods
used MINESCAPE 4.119 to support sustainable water contaminant of management modeling system
so that could be described the pattern of water management scenario from pre mining, mining and
mining closure in simultaneous water indications from inlet flow forming until outlet flow forming by
optimum condition. Therefore, The AMD Protection formula should be predicted the feasibility of
determination post-mining, post-reclamation, water quality and designing protection plan for defining
a life of mine process from rainfall water flow inlet to outlet flow system on mine operation concession
area. In further occurred, the scheme of scenario would be showed the sustainable of water flow
contaminant modelling system to protect AMD flow on run off water, Mining excavation, water
monitoring point and Sambarata River so that the optimization strategy of sustainable water
contaminant modelling would be finished the discourses between mining and human life.
Keywords: Acid Mine Drainage, Green Mine Optimization Strategy, Sustainable Water Contaminant,
Modelling system MINESCAPE 4.119
C007. LCGC Road Slope Based AFR Varying Control Using Hybrid PI-Fuzzy
Satria Indra Nugraha, Miftahuddin Arsyahadij, Muhammad Alvin Ridho, Muhammad Irsyad Reynaldi,
Budi Setiyono, Aris Triwiyatno
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Tembalang,
Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Email: satriaindra.n.id@ieee.org
Abstract. LCGC is a car which has SI engine capacity up to 1.2 L, the product of Indonesia government
policy in order to suppress national fuel consumption. LCGC is designed for urban commuting due to
the limited capability of low capacity engine. Unfortunately, Semarang, although it is the capital of
Central Java, has unusual terrains involving uphill and downhill. In order to encountering uphill, the
performance output of LCGC should be increased in order to encountering uphill. This paper proposed
an AFR varying control system using hybrid PI-fuzzy controller. The proposed system utilizes
stoichiometric, lean, and rich operation of AFR in order to adjust the engine performance based on the
road slope angle. The system uses gyroscope sensor to read the road slope angle and adjust the AFR to
optimize the engine output power. In order to compensate the increase of fuel usage and keep the LCGC
as a green car, the system is also varying the AFR in downhill in order to lowering the fuel consumption.
From the simulation result, the proposed control system has good performance. The simulation result
shows that the proposed control system has 29% shorter average settling time and 39% smaller average

2016
IAE. From the result, the proposed control system is considered as a reliable system and highly potential
to be implemented in actual LCGC.
Keywords: lcgc, road slope, spark ignition engine
C008. Adaptive Pitch and Transmission of Small Wind Turbine to Meet Energy Demand for
Industrial Revival
Arief Faqihudin, Caesar Wiratama, and Aristo Taufiq
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia
Email: 1arief.faqihudin@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. Revival of Industry in Indonesia requires a large amount of energy to fulfill the demands of
energy supply. Every year, Indonesian energy consumption sourced from crude oil increases. On the
other hand, the supply of energy in past few years have been in a relatively stagnant state. With the
constant decrease in energy supply, executing programs to revive industries in Indonesia will be a hard
task. From the problem presented above, we would like to purpose a novel solution for the government,
acting as the main player to the nation’s program to revive industries, regarding the development and
utilization of alternative energy to generate power that could potentially solve energy related problem
in Indonesia. Considering the abundance of wind power in coastal area of islands in Indonesia, wind
energy could potentially be the solution to the above problem. A study conducted by LAPAN confirmed
that more than 100 locations spread across the country has an average wind speed of 5.5 m/s. With
average wind speed presented, we purposed a wind turbine with adaptive pitch and automatic
transmission. The ability of varying the pitch is required due to wind speed fluctuation that is evergoing
in the field where the turbines might be deployed. This design is proved to be more effective in
converting mechanical power on a wider range of working condition, i.e., wind velocity than fixed pitch
wind turbine
Keywords: Adaptive Pitch, Alternative Energy, Transmission, Wind Speeds, Wind Turbine.
C009. Adsorption of Remazol Yellow from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan from Snail Shell as an
Adsorben: Isoterm Studies
Ami Ridowati, 1Rizki Khalalia, and 2Widi Astuti
1,2*
1
Chemical Engineering Department, Semarang State University
2
Public Health Department, Semarang State University
Email: *amiridowati.unnes@gmail.com
Abstract. Large quantities of snail shell cause the environmental impact. Many approaches have been
made for proper utilization of it, including transform snail shell to chitosan. In this study, synthesis of
chitosan from snail shell (Achatina fullica) and its application to adsorb remazol yellow dye in aqueous
solution has been studied. The synthesis of chitosan including deproteinase to remove proteins from a
snail shell, demineralization and deacetylation. In the deacetylation process, the Sodium Hydroxide
(NaOH) as a solvent of 50 w/w and 70 w/w will be used. Furthermore, to evaluate the effect of NaOH
concentration with respect to the adsorption capacity of chitosan, the chitosan were examine as
adsorbent to remove remazol yellow dye in the solution. The result shows, at lower NaOH
concentration, the amount of remazol yellow adsorbed increases. The decrease of remazol yellow dye

2016
concentration in aqueous solution for initial concentration 50, 100 and 150 ppm were 6.16%, 16.10%
and 19.10%, respectively for NaOH concentration 0f 50% and 5.23 %, 12.73% and 14.922%,
respectively for NaOH concentration of 70%. The adsorption process was also influenced by pH and
contact time.
Keywords: adsorbent, chitosan, Remazol Yellow, snail shell
C010. Algae Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) as an Alternative of Renewable Energy to Support
Indonesia Energy Independency 2025 Program
1
Ramdha Berlian Syafaat, Respati Kevin Prama Dewandaru, Sela Viviyani, Mutiara Ayu Ramadhani
Universitas Indonesia
Email: 1ramdha.berlian@ui.ac.id
Abstract. The need of alternative renewable energy today becomes a necessity to innovate. One of the
implementation is microbial full cell based on algae. Microbial fuel cell is an electrochemical cell or
microbial-based fuel cell which utilizes organic material with using microbes as a source of energy in
conducting metabolic activities. Study the development of algae-based microbial fuel cell is using the
availability of algae found in the Lake of Universitas Indonesia. Therefore, the identification, reactor
design, and optimize the implementation of algae on the microbial fuel cell aimed this study in order to
meet the maximum energy that was generated by microbial fuel cell. The research has done by
galvanometric and amperometric method. At 0,001 M NADH concentration in the anode compartment
obtained maximum current density of 0,213 mA and potential of 1,039 V.
Keywords: algae; amperometric; galvanometric; microbial fuel cell; renewable energy
C011. Application of Combined System as Sea Water Purification Method for Coastal People
1
Indi Mumtaza, Aulia Rizkhan & Bintang Gustami Putri Buana Blambangan
Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Surabaya
Email: 1indimumtaza.ffunair14@gmail.com
Abstract. Based on the Greenpeace report, over 80% people of total 237 million of the Indonesian
population live in the coast. Until now the sea is a landfill from various human activities. Some
development activities in mainland and maritime areas have negative effects to environment such as
water pollution. Rapid industrial and mining development in coastal areas that works without good
waste handling also contribute to decrease water quality in the coastal environment. This paper aims to
apply combined system for coastal people as an alternative to gain clean water. Combined system is
purposed to change sea water into fresh water and to purify the sea water from heavy metals and
mechanical impurities by using a combination of three methods: filtration, phytoremediation and
desalination. The application of this system is started by giving education and socialization to the coastal
people about the benefits of this system and how the system works. The method used in this paper is
qualitative analysis based on literature study from several sources. These three methods are arranged
vertically starting from physic filtration to phytoremediation and desalination using solar energy. In this
system, sea water is flowed into a chamber which arranged vertically using windmill and gravitation
force. After flowed into the first chamber, the physic filtration process occurs as the chamber is filled
with materials which consists of large gravel, small pebbles, sand, charcoal and coconut husk. The
second process in this system is phytoremediation using water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) and green
algae (Chlorella vulgaris), the amount of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) decreased by 96.9%,
2016
while dissolved oxygen concentration increased by 70%. The decrease of BOD value shows that oxygen
quantity demanded by microorganism to metabolize organic waste is also reduced. The sea water from
phytoremediation process is then flowed through a pipeline to the evaporator for desalination process.
Operational system in desalination process in order to decrease salt concentration of the sea water
consist of heat absorption from sun light that penetrates evaporator glass by the water in evaporator.
The evaporated vapors then flowed to the condenser due to the suction of a vacuum pump, and then the
vapor condenses into the condenser. After passing through all the system, freshwater stored in water
reservoir which is connected to the coastal residences.
Keywords: coastal; desalination; phytoremediation; purification; system; water
C012. Decolorization of Vat Violet 1 Dye from Industrial Textile Waste Water using Biofilm of
Fungal and Bacterial Consortium
Lestari Wevriandini
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Email: lestari.wevriandini@mail.ugm.ac.id
Abstract. The increasing of textile industries creates a critical need for a proper treatment plan to
control and minimize potencies of contaminants and toxic compounds being released to the
environment. One of such approach that is often being researched is the utilization of biofilm for treating
industrial waste, and among those is about the use of fungal and bacterial consortium. This research
was conducted to examine and acquire a more stable biofilm formed by prime fungal and bacterial
consortium for the de-colorization process in textile wastewater treatment. Isolates were selected by
examining their de-colorization capability, antagonistic interaction, and mixed culture formation
(consortium). The selection continued with biofilm forming in material plastic LLDPE (Linear Low
Density Polyethylene). Superior consortium from bacteria and fungi in form of biofilm in material
plastic LLDPE then applied for Vat Violet 1 dye from textile industrial waste water. The selection
resulted in two superior fungal isolates coded as strain JYGC1 and K2; and three bacterial isolates coded
as strain ATA6, PK29, and PK65. These isolates were then combined to form biofilm on the surface of
a plastic material and examined for their applicability to decolorize wastewater containing Vat Violet 1
on varied pH condition of 5, 7, and 8. Biofilm of regular thickness was formed by the fungal bacterial
consortium and capable of increasing the rate of de-colorization activity. The weight of biofilm before
and after application to the wastewater is highest on pH 7, at 0.66 g and 0.45 g. The thickness and
weight have a positive correlation with de-colorization activity, which is also highest on pH 7, with
deviation of 1.155 between before and after application; much higher than that of without biofilm
application at 0.714.
Keywords: de-colorization; textile wastewater; Vat Violet 1 dye; biofilm; fungal and bacterial
consortium
C013. Design for Sensor Systems of the Arm Robot to Pick Up Plastic Parts in Injection
Molding Machine in the Manufacturing Industry
1
Syahril Ardi, Ardhinata Bayu Kurniawan, Muhammad Hidayat
Program Studi Teknik Produksi & Proses Manufaktur, Politeknik Manufaktur Astra
Email: 1syahril.ardi@polman.astra.ac.id

2016
Abstract. This research was conducted at the company in Indonesia which is engaged in plastic
injection molding machine, especially for four-wheeled (4W) automotive parts. This research is a new
case, where for taking part the result of injection using the ABB Robotic IRB 4600 type with a tonnage
of 1680 T Hwa Chin Engineering. However, the use of ABB Robotic IRB 4600 type is inefficient
because there are problems that make productivity decreases. One of the problems occurred is the
instability of the open mold in Hwa Chin 1680-1 injection molding machine. Differences within this
wide open mold cause ABB Robotic IRB 4600 that cannot reach the part LNG Assembly LH (Left
Hand) Rear Side. This result is in the robot error that is resulted in lost production time. Related to these
problems and based on the analysis, it was found that the use PR30-10DP Autonics proximity sensor
on the ABB Robotic IRB 4600 is a solution that used to eliminate lost time caused by the production
error robot. In this case, the robot can move to adjust the specified distance in order to part the result of
injections that can be reached by the robot gripper. The design of the sensor system of the robot arm
has been able to reduce the robot error from 9.6% to 0%. Thus, the production lost time of the LNG
Assembly LH Rear Side on Hwa Chin 1680-1 injection molding machine can be eliminated.
Keywords: ABB Robotic IRB 4600; arm robot; injection molding machine; proximity sensor
C014. Value Mapping Analysis of Developing Offshore Wind Turbine in Southwest Maluku
Indonesia
1
Arif Faisal Ramdani, 2Satria Regi Guntara
School of Industrial and System Engineering, Telkom University.
Email: 1ariffaisal11@gmail.com, 2satriaregun@gmail.com
Abstract. The utilization of renewable energy sources as a substitute alternative for fossil energy is a
necessary for Maluku to fulfill society needs. Nowadays, there are about 440 villages located in Maluku
that has not got electricity. This electricity supply problem makes investors doubt to get in Maluku.
Whereas Southwest Maluku Regency as archipelagic area in Indonesia has a wind energy to generate
electricity. Southwest Maluku Regency with an area of 63.779,2 km2 sea and with the average wind
speed of 6-8 m/s are a great potential to be developed. The development of offshore wind turbine
technology is promising to be implemented for increasing the industrial potential in Southwest Maluku.
But the study about this technology to be implemented in Southwest Maluku has not been explored.
Therefore research of business model to formulate the developing of offshore wind turbines strategy is
needed. The purpose of this research is to determine value mapping analysis of developing sustainable
business model of developing offshore wind turbin project in Southwest Maluku. Sustainable business
models have consideration that more comprehensive where the approach is to consider the wider
interest, not only customer but also environment, society and network actors. The result of study found
that the attributes of offshore wind turbine project that fulfill society needs, equitable transmission, the
affordable price and the project that environmentally friendly reach top rank and be value preposition
that can be goal for value mapping. Then value preposition elaborated into four contribution sectors if
the project executed, consist of value captured, value missed, destroyed or wasted and value
opportunities. The result of this value project can be used to determine the development strategy, so the
project owner has mechanism and maximal performance in attempt to sufficient people’s energy-needed
for resurrection of industry in Southwest Maluku.
Keywords: Industry, Offshore wind turbine, Southwest Maluku, sustainable business model, value
mapping analysis

2016
D001. The Role of Organizational Justice as Mediation between Organizational Ambidexterity
and Irritation among Foreign Physicians in Germany
Zega, Lovely C.
Master Graduate from University of Trier, Germany
Email: lczega@yahoo.com
Abstract. The aim of this research is to measure the mediation effect from organizational justice in the
relationship between organizational ambidexterity and irritation. In the measurements were included
the aspects of organizational ambidexterity, which are exploitation and exploration, the aspects of
irritation, which are emotional and cognitive irritation, and the aspects of organizational justice, which
are distributional justice, interactional justice and procedural justice. There were full mediation effects
of distributional justice in the relationship between exploitation with irritation (β= -.3985, p < .05) and
exploitation with cognitive irritation (β= -.2491, p < .05). There were 26 foreign physicians as
respondents in this research. This research measured an indirect mediation effect with the SPSS program
from Andy F. Hayes. This research revealed that the hospitals implemented exploitation and the highest
association was between distributional justice and cognitive irritation (β= -.932, R2=.346, p .002).
Keywords: organizational justice, mediation, organizational ambidexterity, irritation, physician,
Germany
D002. A Literature Study: utilization of Antioxidant Compounds in Rice Bran (Oryza sativa) for
Ischemic Stroke Disease Prevention and Adjuvant Therapy
1
Yoga Dwi Oktavianda, Rizqi Nanda Pribawa
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
Email : 1yoga.dwi31@ui.ac.id
Abstract. Stroke is a central nerve system disorder which occurs suddenly, progressively, and fast.
About 10% of deaths in the world are caused by stroke. In 2013, the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia
was 1.21%. Aging is one of the risk factors for stroke due to decreasing vascular function. Antioxidants
consumption has been proven to be able to prevent vascular damage and neuronal lesion area expansion
caused by ischemic stroke. This research is based on literature review related to antioxidant compounds
contained in rice bran (Oryza sativa), ischemic stroke disease prevention and adjuvant therapy.
Researchers will then analyze the correlation between those variables. Ischemic stroke occurs as a result
of vascular disorders in the central nervous system. Aging, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking,
and hyperlipidemia are the risk factors for stroke due to increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Ischemia leading to ROS causes neuron damage through some mechanisms. In order to suppress the
effects of ROS, the human body needs antioxidants. Although in Indonesia it is better known as fodder,
rice bran is one of the antioxidant-rich foods, containing vitamin E and γ-oryzanol. It has been proven
to be able to be used for improving endothelial function and vascular contractility. Moreover, rice bran
consumption can also lower blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL, and insulin resistance. Vitamin E
in rice bran can also reduce the neuronal lesions area caused by ischemic stroke by inducing Bcl-2 gene
expression which regulates neuronal cell apoptosis. Rice bran contains antioxidant, vitamin E and γ-
oryzanol, so it can be used to prevent ischemic stroke by lowering blood pressure, total cholesterol,
LDL cholesterol, and increasing insulin sensitivity. It also can be used as adjuvant therapy by reducing
neuronal extensive infarction. Direct study regarding the effect of rice bran consumption in ischemic
stroke patients is needed to determine the factors which can improve neuronal and vascular function. In

2016
addition, public socialization about the benefits of rice bran as a healthy food as well as making
acceptable food containing rice bran, such as supplements, cooking oil, biscuits, or porridge, are
necessary as in Indonesia, it is known as fodder.
Keywords: antioxidants, ischemic stroke, rice bran
D003. Mosquito Lamp Solar Power Integration: Innovation Repellant Aedes Aegypti Effective to
Reduce the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
1
Devi Priyantika, Rozzaq Alhanif Islamudin
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University Semarang, Indonesia
Email: 1priyantikadevi@gmail.com
Abstract. Dengue fever (DF)/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a growing public health problem in
the subtropics. [1] Indonesia is the largest country in the region with a population of 245 million. [2]
Semarang became one of the dengue endemic area. From January to mid-February 2015, the City Health
Department reported that there were 435 cases of Semarang Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the
various regions. Mosquitoes have an attraction to light. According to research mentioned the difference
in the color of light affects the number of Aedes aegypti. [11] As an alternative to environmental
management in an effort to dengue prevention activities is to install an Aedes aegypti repellant
development tools that convert solar energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic or solar cells.
Therefore, the author would like to develop new technological innovations Aedes aegypti repellant
effective to reduce the incidence of DHF. Utilization of solar energy have been optimally better in terms
of economic viability. Based on the existing theory, the basis for the authors make the lights always on
every day but energy efficient and environmentally friendly, namely by creating effective solutions
"Mosquito Lamp Solar Power Integration". The purpose of this paper to provide new ideas in the field
of health-related technologies Aedes aegypti control to reduce the incidence of dengue fever. The
method that used for this study was literature review sources from literature and official statistic with
compare and analyze program that have before. The working principle of the resource equipment that
uses solar cells to power the lights and turn the fan (blower) by using a power cell naturally. The lights
and the fan will turn on automatically with the energy stored in the power saver. Color lights resulted
in mosquito stimulated to come around. Mosquitoes also will be forcibly drawn by the air flow
generated by the fan rotation that has reversed the direction of rotation. Based on the experimental
results of electrical energy from a solar cell 50 WP exposed to the sun for 6 hours capable of powering
four lamps with a power of 30 watts for 16 hours. It can applied to the front of the house’s lamp (garden
lights). Innovation is considered effective because mosquitoes usually fly at 8-10 hours during the
afternoon. It is strongly supports the national energy policy of diversification energy that is applied in
prevention of public health issues in Indonesia.
Keywords: Mosquitoes, Repellant, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Solar cell.

2016
E001. Speed Bump and Pavement Floor as Ground Electric Generator to Sustain Tourism Spot
Activity
1
Muhammad Faiz Aghni & Rizka Islami Ratnasari
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Gadjah Mada University
Email: 1muhammadfaizaghni@gmail.com
Abstract. Malioboro Street which has 1.3 km of length through by 887 vehicles per hour. On the
pavement sides, there are 1,923 tourists step on the same floor per hour. This condition makes many
problems such as people crossing the road carelessly. But, the worst problem is shortages of electricity
power. Malioboro Street consume 123 kW per hour of electricity. Using electricity from PLN is just
increasing the cost. Therefore, Malioboro Street should have independent energy resources. That is
renewable energy which not use additional area. Speed bump and pavement floor systems is
breakthrough solution. Not only to reduce speed of vehicle, for safety factor, but also work for generate
58.65 kWh. While, 30.77 kWh generated from pavement floor panel. Total energy harvested is 89.42
kWh which covered 72.7% electricity. On the weekend the tourists come doubled. They produce 154.4
kWh electricity. It means 25.5% electricity saved. Literature review is the first methodology of this
research. Then, researcher directly visit to Malioboro Street to obtain the actual data. Then, the data
calculated by dynamics and mechanical vibrations formulas. Next, electricity generated summed each
other to obtain the total electricity harvested. For electricity usage in that street, Researcher make a list
of electronic devices used then find the power consumption of each device in the internet. After that
summed and got the total electricity consumption. Finally, the electricity gained compared with
electricity usage to know the efficiency of this system.
Keywords: electricity, floor panel, Malioboro Street, mechanical, piezoelectric, speed bump
*Awardee for the Best Paper in ICONIC 2016

2016
F001. Flowers and Ecological Engineering: a New Direction for Increasing Rice Yield
1*
Riswin Taufik, 1Fahmi Risyad Sulthoni, 1Alif Galih Syahrul Abdillah, 1Reggy Nauval Pratama Sakti,
1
Adlu Fahir, 1Joko Pilianto, 2Gatot Mudjiono, 2Mochammad Syamsul Hadi
1
Student, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street Malang, East Java, Indonesia
2
Lecturer, Agriculture Faculty, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Email: 1*riswintaj@yahoo.co.id
Abstract. Ecological Engineering is a relatively new concept of environmental manipulation for the
benefits of human and the environment. Recently, a pioneering attempt was made in Indonesia to see if
rice insect pest problems could be solved through Ecological Engineering. The study was conducted to
know the role of the Ecological Engineering practices on Brown Planthopper population and their
natural enemy’s population. The research was conducted in Mampil Subvillage, Penganten Village,
Balen District, Bojonegoro from December 2014 to March 2015. There were two treatments in this
research, Ecological Engineering and Conventional. Some flower such as Sesamun indicum, Impatiens
balsamina L., Vigna radiata, and Celosia cristata, were planted on the bounds and applied biological
agents (Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus sp, Trichoderma sp, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). We
found that Ecological Engineering significantly increase the population of Brown Planthopper natural
enemies as indicated by the amount of natural enemy species on Ecological Engineering are 587 natural
enemies per hill and Conventional treatment are 170 natural enemies per hill. In general, compared with
Ecological Engineering, Conventional is not significantly decreased Brown Planthopper population.
The mean were found 2.1 adults of Brown Planthopper per tiller of Ecological Engineering and 2.9
adults of Brown Planthopper per tiller of Conventional. Experimentation with Ecological Engineering
in Indonesia indicated that it offers immense opportunities to rice pest management using non-chemical
methods leading to economic and environmental benefits.
Keywords: Nilaparvata lugens, natural enemies, ecological engineering, environmental

2016
G001. Isolation and Antimicrobial Activities of Ironwood Extracts (Euxiderxylon zwageri) for
Mouthwash Formulation
1*
Evy Setiawati, 2Mia Fitriana & 3Heri Soedarmanto
1
Doctoral Program in Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
1
Institute of Research and Standardization of Industry, Ministry of Industry, Indonesia
2
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Lambung Mangkurat
University, Indonesia
3
Faculty of Engineering, State Polytechnic of Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Email: *evy.kemenperin@gmail.com
Abstract. Ironwood (Eusiderxylon zwageri) is a leading commodity wood originated from Kalimantan.
Ironwood contains various compounds such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins and
alkaloids. Flavonoids, triterpenoids and saponins are chemical compounds that potential as antibacterial
and antiviral compounds. Some people in Kalimantan have successfully cured toothache using water
boiled with ironwood. This tradition causes speculation that ironwood contains a compound that kills
germs causing tooth pain and indicates that the ironwood provides benefit as medicine. The present
study was aimed to isolate the active ironwood substances and to formulate the non-toxic mouthwash
from the extraction of ironwood waste. Isolation of active ironwood was done by extraction in a soxhlet
apparatus with 250 ml of water and ethanol, with comparison (1:1) at various time. Antimicrobial
activity test against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by solid diffusion
method at various extract concentrations. The extract that had strongest antimicrobial activity against
S. aureus and S. mutans was mixed with all the chemicals needed for mouthwash formulation (formula
1 and 2). 100% concentration of ironwood extracted with ethanol in 2.5 hours showed the strongest
antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and S. mutans. This research showed that the most abundant
active compound of ironwood extracted with ethanol in 2.5 hours was 1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-
benzene, derived from benzene class compound (C12H16O3). Ethanol extract concentration in the
formulated mouthwash was 10% while the rest 90% was excipients. The viscosity, pH and density of
the mouthwash formulations were tested. Based on hedonic test, formula 2 was preferred than formula
1 in term of color, aroma and flavor. The results showed that formula 2 has pH level (5.85), viscosity
(3 cPs) and density (0.98 g / ml) which is suitable as mouthwash to relieve dental pain.
Keywords: ironwood; toothache; Streptococcus mutans; Staphylococcus aureus; mouthwash
**Awardee for the Most Innovative Paper in ICONIC 2016
G002. Glucosamine Preparation from Acid Hydrolysis of Chitin under Microwave Irradiation
1*
Muhammad Riza Saifurrizqi Azizi, 2Arafah Khoirul Ummah
1
Departement of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang,
Indonesia
2
Departement of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang,
Indonesia
Email: *rizarizo20@gmail.com
Abstract. Chitin has a high molecular weight and low solubility in water, these limits it in its application
as osteoarthritis drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The limitations are
overcome by hydrolysis process to get lower molecule weight and high solubility. In general preparation

2016
of glucosamine hydrochloride (GlcN.HCl) in concentrated hydrochloric acid is under elevated
temperature and requires long hydrolysis time. Hydrolysis process under microwave irradiation has a
higher temperature and equitable heat distribution, it can accelerate the reaction rate and selectivity
because temperature is factor that affecting the reaction rate. Hydrolysis of chitin using microwave
irradiation shortening reaction time from 120 minutes in process under conventional heater to 16
minutes for obtain GLcN.HCl 51% in yield. From designed variables chitin ratio, higher obtained yield
in process at chitin ratio 1:8 (w/v), irradiation time is more influence the process and obtained the yield
rather that chitin ratio and microwave power.
Keywords: Chitin, Glucosamine, Hydrolysis, Microwave irradiation,
G003. Utilization of Avocado Seed Starch for Biodegradable Medical Pads (Comparison on Some
Famous Brand Pads in Indonesia)
1
Isnaini Suciati, Rifatul Qomariyah
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Email: 1isnainisuciati44@gmail.com
Abstract. In this study, the authors aim to reduce the amount of plastic waste generated from the
sanitary pads. Pads are consumer goods used by all women who have started having menstrual periods.
In a menstrual cycle, the longest cycle lasts for 15 days. Indonesia every woman's menstrual cycle in
one year, the increasing number of participating accounts for as much plastic waste many
38.943.436.290 pieces former bandage. It took decades to decompose plastic waste and cotton that
comes from the sawdust from the pads used during the female menstrual cycle. Trash the former use of
pads in addition to harming the environment as plastic and cotton scrap originating from sawdust, can
also be fatal for women's health because cotton is derived from wood powder obtained from the
processing of waste paper in dioxin. The solutions offered by the authors is to replace the plastic
component on sanitary napkins with biodegradable plastics from starch avocado seed. In addition to
solutions for confronting the problem of plastic waste that continues to grow, the authors also replace
the components of cotton with natural cotton pads that originally many manufacturers use waste paper
to be used as a cotton sanitary pads. The method used for this study is experimental method. Precisely
focused on the degradation of some the plastic components of the sanitary pads, including biodegradable
plastics are made from starch avocado seed. The results of the study, showed a very significant increase
of the mass of starch biodegradable plastics degradation avocado seed. However, the mass degradation
of three brand bandage used as a comparison average is beginning to degradation by week four,
amounting 9:09, 9:09, and 8:33 for the sanitary napkin brand "P", "C", and "N".
Keywords: Avocado Seed Starch, Biodegradable Plastic Degradation Mass, Sanitary Pads

2016
H001. Indonesia Ageless Island: Optimizing the Gili-Iyang as Conservation Area with Highly O2
for Tourist Resort
Maria Husnul Nurani1, Fildzah Cindra Yunita2, Rofika Anggun Thursina3
1
Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Universitas Airlangga,
2
Nursing Faculty of Universitas Airlangga,
3
Public Health Faculty of Universitas Airlangga
Email : 2fildzah_cindra@yahoo.com
Abstract Oxygen is one of the natural elements that needed in life. Normal levels of oxygen in the
atmosphere is 20.95%. However, there are some areas on this earth that has above normal of oxygen
levels, one of them in Indonesia. Indonesia is an archipelago country that has 17,504 islands. Among
the islands, the Gili–Iyang island which lies on the line 6o59’8.961 coordinates are located in East Java,
claimed as the island with high oxygen levels. This island has an oxygen content of 21.5% according
to measurements made by Balai Besar Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Penyakit
(BBTKLPP, 2013) and the level of pollutant gases and COX are very low (Lembaga Antariksa dan
Penerbangan Nasional, 2006). Two potential of the Gili-Iyang island can provide a positive impact for
the development of tourism in Indonesia, such as design Gili-Iyang region into a tourist-based health
so that it can be the main attraction for tourists to visit the island. The research method is literature
study. Information obtained from the literature and prepared based on study of information related to
the issues discussed. The goal is to get the theoretical basis of the problem to be investigated. Writing
pursued interconnected between each other, and according to the topics discussed. To analyze the data
obtained in writing of this paper, the author uses descriptive analysis method that compile data obtained
and then interpreted and analyzed to provide information for solving problems faced. In fact, Gili-Iyang
is an island in the Java Sea that has a lot of potential to be developed. The island has not been exposed
and still neglected development. The concept making the Gili-Iyang as Indonesia ageless island will
have a major impact for the local industry in Indonesia. Indonesia ageless island is a conservation area
using healthy with nature in tourist resort concept that became an icon of health-based tourism in
Indonesia. This tour is not only reserved for the tourists who are undergoing medical rehabilitation
related oxygen needs, but also for tourists who need refreshing. Tourism is also a form of prevention
against diseases or disorders related to psychological. We initiated an innovation by facilitating these
areas such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, sauna, SPA (Solus Per Aqua), water sports, therapeutic
aerobic, therapeutic stress, nature area, fishing area, diving, snorkeling, mangrove tours, and some
therapies that support preventive and rehabilitative against disease or disorder related to the
psychological to spoil the tourists in terms of services and facilities in the conservation area.
Keywords : Conservation, Gili-iyang, Tourist Resort, O2, Island.
H002. Indonesian Tourism Industry Revival through Halal Tourism

1*
Nanda Putri Ghassani Fildzah, 1Naufal Rizkullah Nurhaqim & 2Fitrie Aulia
1
Accounting Major, Universitas Padjadjaran
2
Economics Major, Universitas Padjadjaran
Email : 1nndputri@gmail.com
Abstract. According to the State of the Global Islamic Economy Report 2015/2016, global muslim
consumers spending on travel reached $142 billion in 2014 and it is expected to grow to $233 billion
markets by 2020. Supported by this growth, halal tourism is expected to be a milestone in the revival
of Indonesian tourism industry. However, there are still some problems that restrain halal tourism from
2016
developing in Indonesia in terms of infrastructure, human resources, communication and publicity,
government policies and rules, technology information, community readiness, and not yet developed
investment in several regions. The method employed in the research is qualitative method. Qualitative
research involves repetition of sampling, collection of data, and analysis of data. The steps required in
qualitative research are data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The conclusions of this
paper are appropriate strategies for the development of halal tourism in Indonesia. The strategies that
can be applied to solve the problems and especially to develop halal tourism are by strengthening
Islamic values in order to attract local and international tourists. In addition, halal tourism destinations
in Indonesia should be well improved to attract the market segments of Indonesian young generation.
It needs support from the government to develop halal tourism, conduct the socialization, and establish
the guidelines.
Keywords: halal; industry; islamic; tourism
H003. Exploring Tulungagung Tourism Potential by Using Place, Art Culture, and Food in Coro
Beach
1
Dwi Cahyani Octavianti, 2Desi Susanti
1
Faculty of Humanities Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
2
Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: 1dwi.cahyani.octavianti@gmail.com, 2desi.susanti1701@gmail.com
Abstract. Development of the technology in this modern era can make people access beautiful places
all over the world by using the internet. According to Hepi, Yusri, and Luchman (2015) (in Mualisin,
2007), “Tourism is the biggest one of many industry sectors and becomes the fastest grow up of
economic sector”. Indonesia is one of some countries that becomes the tourism destination. Based on
digilib.its.ac.id “... based on WTO there are 1,046 billion people (2010), and there will be 1,602 billion
people in 2020 from all over the word travel”. The famous places of Indonesia mostly in the south area
of Indonesia, because there are a lot of beautiful beaches in the south area of Indonesia. Tulungagung
is one of many towns in Indonesia that has beautiful places for tourism destination such as beach,
waterfall, mountain, lake, and temple. This town also has many cultural arts and traditional food that
can attract foreigners for tourism destination. The focus of the discussion in this paper is how to make
all of them in one package as the tourism destination. Pantai Coro (Coro Beach) is chosen because the
access to this beach from the center of Tulungaung is only thirty minutes and there are three different
beautiful destination here. First destination is Retjo Sewu (A thousand statue) as the graveyard of the
famous people in Tulungagung who had interesting story of his glory. Second, Pantai Coro (Coro
Beach) that will be the main destination for the tourism as a centre of the place that can be enjoyed by
the tourism in learning the history of Tulungagung, enjoying art culture, and eating traditional food.
Third destination is Banyu Muluk, it is the cliff beside Coro Beach that has beautiful scenery when the
water of the sea crash the cliff and going up to the air. There are seven steps of doing this project, they
are observing the place, interviewing the society around, discussing with the government in the tourism
section, making project proposal, making website and joining some international community in tourism,
making relation with many elements, and doing the program. The result of this program can explore the
tourism destination, art culture, and traditional food of Tulungagung. The other results are development
of Tulungagung, high people income, low number of jobless people, adding of education in history and
the story behind the art culture to the foreigners.
Keywords: Coro, beach, tourism, Tulungagung, art, culture, food

2016
H004. Getting to Know the Attractive Backpackers
Fara Ramadhina
Indonesia Communications
Email: fara.ramadhina@gmail.com
Abstract. This paper aims to investigate international backpackers’ psychographic characteristics and
the way they are an attractive target market of Indonesia tourism. Their travel behavior, motivation of
traveling, and travel experiences are being empirically explored and discussed. International visitors,
considering their far-reaching role in boosting the economy, are chosen to provide the primary data for
this qualitative study through semi-structured in-depth interviews with purposive sampling technique.
The findings are interrogated under Grounded Theory approach. Through the analysis, it is found that
backpackers are travelers who, in accordance with previous studies, prefer using local accommodation
and transportation, emphasize interaction with local people and travelers, have a long duration of stay,
embrace changes in the travel schedule, and do recreational activities. Yet, there are two other elements
that strongly emerged and have never been comprehensively discussed in the previous literature; it is
that they move from one place to another and exclude themselves from other type of tourists.
Backpackers claim homogenous motivation that is to see different natural environments, to experience
different cultures, and to meet new people. However in contrast, the study reveals that they exhibit
heterogeneous experiences. Consequently, the author proposes a brand new categorization, the
Backpackers’ Experience Spectrum. A number of ways backpackers could enhance Indonesia
development is also elaborated. It is hoped that this study gives contribution to the academic literature
in tourism field as well as to the advancement of Indonesia destination marketing strategy in the future.
Keywords: backpackers, Indonesia, experience, psychographic, segmentation, tourism
**Awardee for the Best Presentation in ICONIC 2016
H005. Wedi Ombo Coral Reef System as a Role Model of Smart Educational Tourism and
Integrated Zoning for Evolving Local Economy in Coastal Area
1
Fano Alfian Ardyansyah, Daniel Futuchata Falachi
Faculty of Engineering, University of Gadjah Mada
Email: 1fian.alfarabi@gmail.com
Abstract. Gunung kidul is one of the Yogyakarta Regional area which is longest coastal area in
Yogyakarta. Wedi Ombo beach is one of the biggest beach in Yogyakarta located in Gunung Kidul
which has big potential of natural tourism with an abundance resource yet it still get low supported of
government in tourism sector as a supportive sector in economy structure Starting from that problem, a
concept of “Wedi Ombo Coral Reef System As A Role Model Of Smart Educational Tourism And
Integrated Zoning For Evolving Local Economy In Coastal Area” is created. Using primary and
secondary data with qualitative approach, problems were identified by fishbone diagram and concept
was analyzed by SWOT, multi-attribute approach, and regression model, the concept was modeled used
3D Model. The objective of this concepts are to brand Wedi Ombo to the public with their natural
capital, to optimize their resource becoming educational tourism and conservation with the existence of
coral reef, and to develop their economy activity by integrated zoning through smart educational

2016
tourism, local community development, and local business. It will help local government to realize
sustainable goals development and support the program of Nawacita. By continuous improving and
collaborating with potential stakeholder, Wedi Ombo can be role model for evolving local economy in
coastal area.
Keywords: educational tourism, integrated zoning, local community development

2016
I001. A Model of Utilization of May Day Celebration through “NOJTP” (A Case in Indonesia)
1
Ahmad Fajri, 2Muh Nurul Khomari
1
Student of Financial Analyst Study Program, State Polytechnic of Semarang, Indonesia
2
Student of Production and Maintenance Mechanical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Semarang,
Indonesia
Email: 1fajriahmad13@gmail.com
Abstract. In Indonesia, May Day Celebration is always colored by mass demonstration and
prosecutions. That celebration is of course will give negative impact in many ways, such as disturbing
the economic and social activities. To reduce it, the author try to provide an alternative solution through
National on the Job Training Program (NOJTP). NOJTP is a program that provides training to workers
on May Day celebrations in order to improve the quality and competitiveness of Indonesian workers.
According to Gomes (2002) providing on the job training will at least contribute 90% of the skill and
labor competitiveness. Based on survey on opinion to 40 workers in Central java Province, it is found
that 95% need this program. To run NOJTP, there are four steps to implement. First, establishing the
regulations of NOJTP program; second, socializing NOJTP; third, running the training provision (such
as training on language, technology and entrepreneurship) and social; monitoring is held during the
implementation and evaluating the whole of activities is done at the end of the training. Some benefits
of running these programs are the increases of the productivity, labor competitiveness, and the spirit of
entrepreneurship, also promoting the sense of social communities, reducing demonstrations, and
minimizing the risk of employment termination. All seven outputs are predicted to bring Indonesian
labors much better. Offering workers beneficial and motivating on the job training programs on the
week of May Day celebrations will surely improve the competitiveness of Indonesian labors playing in
AEC, which started in 2015.
Keywords: May Day celebration, competitiveness, labor, training

2016
J001. Optimization E-Waste Management by Empowering Local Communities at MRF
1
Marsha Widia Rahma and 2Humayri Sidqi
1
Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia
2
Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia
Email: 1marsha-wr@hotmail.com
Abstract. Electronic waste (e-waste) becomes the main problem which is faced by developed and
developing countries. In Indonesia, there is not a clear data that tell how many e-waste was produced
per year. Beside e-waste that produced by Indonesian communities, Indonesia receives an e-waste from
other country. Nevertheless, based on the research, e-waste is not found at Final Disposal or Tempat
Pemrosesan Akhir (Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir), except some part of component e-waste that can be
delivered to producer to be reassembled. It shows that there are some illegal systems that collect e-
waste irresponsibly. Given that the content of e-waste material is highly dangerous if untreated and
dumped directly on the ground, hence needed a system to manage e-waste which is safe to the
environment, easy to operate by a non-expert, and able to increase workers’ incomes. The e-waste
management system can be a trigger to the government to run the policy concerning e-waste
management. In the other hand, this system can be a good example of the environmentally friendly
treatment that can empower the local communities around Material Recycling Facility (MRF) by
involving them. Educating local communities to improve their knowledge about e-waste and training
them to develop e-waste recycling industry in Indonesia. This system can be extended by analyzing
other aspects with PESTLE (Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, Technological, Legal, and
Environmental) analysis to show this system overview and make strategies to optimize the e-waste
management system.
Keywords: electronic waste; e-waste management; Indonesia; MRF; PESTLE analysis
J002. Sorting Waste as an Alternative Way to Reduce Waste from Fast Food Restaurant in Depok
Hilmiyah Tsabitah, Amalia Shabrina, Yuriza Aprilia, Rian Prabowo, Dewi Firdausi, and Parama
Maharddhika
Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
Email: amalia.shabrina@ui.ac.id
Abstract. Depok city has developed rapidly on economic and population. It contributed to increased
volume of waste. Data found that percentage of organic waste was about 32.48% and inorganic waste
was about 67.52%. Environmental problem such as waste can be reduced with collaboration between
society, businessman, and government, including fast food restaurant. Fast food restaurants have
potential to produce not only organic waste from the leftover food but also the tableware they use to
serve their food because they mostly use paper cup or plate. These kind of waste have potentials to be
sorted and recycled. This paper aims to know the mass of recyclable waste and the potential of waste
sorting in fast food restaurant. This study conducted a descriptive research that focused on waste
management mainly sorting waste in L restaurant, a fast food restaurant in Margonda, Depok. The waste
was sorted into five categories: Organic, plastic (consist of 26 types of plastic), plastic bag, paper, and
residue. After that, the sorted waste was weighed in seven workdays from 26th November to 4th
December 2015 and being transferred to Depok’s waste bank to be recycled and composted. Moreover,
an interview to the assistant manager was conducted to strengthen our result. After measuring the waste,
the percentage average data shows that non-recyclable waste from L restaurant as much as 13%. In
Margonda Depok, there are nine more fast food restaurants that have similar characteristics with the
2016
restaurant L. Therefore, if the waste sorting is conducted in every restaurant, the waste that goes to
landfill will be reduced and may lead to reduction of reliance on landfills. However, L Restaurant had
not sort their waste. In contrast, waste sorting has been implemented in many countries. On the other
hand, food waste management that most likely conducted in Depok is to process waste into more useful
products such as fertilizers (through composting) and raw materials (through recycle). Recycling
facilities that has a composting facility and accept recyclable waste in Depok is Depok Waste Bank.
Thus, fast food restaurant can transfer their waste to be composted and recycled in waste bank.
Furthermore, an approach and education to the management and their employees are needed so that a
zero waste restaurant will be achieved, increase the value of fast food restaurant, and contribute in
reducing environmental problem in Depok.
Keywords: Depok, fast food, restaurant, waste, waste sorting
J003. Risk Management for Water Sustainability on Transit Oriented Development (TOD)
Walini
Dhawy Farras Putra
Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia
Email: dhawyfp@gmail.com
Abstract. The design of the project that could impact on the community need to be assessed in terms
of ecological preservation. This is relevant with the 17th Principle of the Rio Declaration which states
that Environmental impact assessment, as a national instrument, shall be undertaken for proposed
activities that are likely to have a significant adverse impact on the environment and are subject to a
decision of a competent national authority (UNEP, 1992) [1]. Successful TOD give society with a
comfortable lifestyle, affordable and active and create a place where children can play and parents can
grow old comfortably with convenient, affordable and active lifestyles and creates places where
children can play and parents can grow old comfortably. TOD Walini is a region that in the process of
development there are potential problems associated with environmental sustainability. TOD Walini
will use the land area of 1,270 hectares of the total 2,800 hectares owned by PT Perkebunan Nusantara
(PTPN) VIII [4]. This research used Risk Mapping Analysis. High Speed Train Project have internal
and external factors that affect each other. Risk management is a flexible strategy that can be used for
a variety of industrial scale [5]. Therefore we need a risk management in the construction of railway
projects across the water catchment areas. In making the risk map need to analyze internal and external
factors that affect the High Speed Train project. With the purpose to preserve water resources and
maximize the use of water that can be sustained. This research result is mapped into two categories that
is external risk and internal risk. Then assessed appropriate action plans as recommendation based on
the analysis that has been done that can be used on sustainable water conservation roadmap in TOD
Walini.
Keywords: Risk management, risk analysis, sustainability, transit oriented development
J004. Mathematical Model Approach and Optimization of Fish Wastes Treatment for Biogas
Ahmad Andika Himawan, Edward Cantona Taufan, Indra Riadi, 1Medika Kristina Sihombing, Agus
Hadiyarto
Chemical Engineering Department, Diponegoro University
Email: 1medikasihombing@che.undip.ac.id
2016
Abstract. Indonesia, the 4th largest population in the world, is extremely dependent on the fossil fuel
energy. But, our fossil fuel energy reserves is harshly decreased over time & not sustainable. One
alternative to alleviating the problem is by utilizing fish waste into biogas. Fish wastes were chosen
because it were released directly form fish processing area into environment without further treatment.
Moreover, fishes waste also contain many organic compounds which is very potential to convert it into
biogas. It is expected to become sustainable energy in the future. However, the biogas fermentation
tends to progress slowly, complex reaction, and generate unwanted side products such as ammonia and
hydrogen sulfide. Therefore, it needs to be added up to speed-up fermentation. One of them is bromelain
enzyme. This research was focused to find out the effects of bromelain enzyme concentrations to the
biogas & methane production and also the effects to the COD decompositions. Investigation of kinetic
parameter from anaerobic digestion of fish wastes would be the 2nd objective. All of data must be
collected first by conducting experiment in laboratory. In mesophilic operation, bromelain enzymes
were added by variation of 0 gr/grODM; 0.05 gr/grODM; 0.1 gr/grODM with the response of biogas &
methane production and COD decomposition over 40 days. The collected data was used to test
mathematical model by curve fitting method and determine kinetic parameter constants using
MATLAB Simulink. The results of this research were the biogas production rates increased with the
addition of bromelain enzyme because it helps speed up the process of hydrolysis. In addition, the
enzyme 0.1 gr/gr ODM, biogas produced 43.3% more than without enzymes and the resulting methane
gas 46.8% more compared to variables without the addition of enzymes. The addition of enzymes may
decrease the levels of COD, since microorganisms in the activated sludge will be more effective in
altering the substrate into biogas. From the mathematical model approach curve fitting method shown
that the model has small Sum Square Error (SSE) and it tend to be valid. Kinetic parameter constants
can be calculated and determined then.
Keywords: biogas; bromelain enzyme; fish wastes; mathematical model; matlab Simulink
J005. Underground Geological Storage Application Methods to Reduce Emissions Of Carbon

Dioxide In The Process Of Palm Oil Production In East Aceh District, Indonesia
1
Yudi Syahputra, Chairiyatul Fitri
Geological Engineering Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Email: 1yudisyahputra95@gmail.com
Abstract. Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producer in the world. In 2015, the area is used as an
oil palm plantation in Indonesia reached 11,444,808 Ha and the production of palm oil in the same year
reached 30,948,931 tons (Directorate General of Estate Crops of Indonesia, 2015). Aceh Province itself
has an estimation for its production in 2015 with the total area of 430.903 Ha and the total estimated
production of 896.684 tons. The processing of palm oil often leads to air pollution caused by emissions
of carbon dioxide from the burning. So it is very susceptible to air pollution. Expected underground
geological method can reduce the carbon dioxide emissions generated by the activity of the processing
of palm oil. To make sure by apply under geological storage can bring positive impact, the
implementation should be arranged and executed according to the certain procedures. There are two
main important points by apply this method, the first is how to separate and capture CO2 gas and how
to transported C02 gas to another field. For separate CO2 from other gas by using absorption principal.
Absorption is a process that absorb of a certain substance by another substance. After CO2 gas has been
separated from another gas, the next procedure is to transport the CO2 into another field that is Arun
Field. Carbon dioxide produced from the processing of oil palm is also one cause of increasing CO2 in

2016
the atmosphere. As we know, carbon dioxide is dangerous gas. In today's age, the presence of this gas
with a number high enough can boost global warming and other environmental issues. To handle the
issue of disposal of the carbon dioxide produced during the production of palm oil is to move it into
underground rock formations. This method is also called the Underground Geological Storage. CO2
will be saved in a reservoir rock that has a large enough capacity through the injection process. The
location for CO2 storage is on the Arun gas field in East Aceh. It’s been selected because it has a
reservoir rocks that have depleted natural gas reserves (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of
the Republic of Indonesia, 2014). So that, for the next, the processing of palm oil can be combined with
Underground Geological Storage method to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and create a cleaner and
healthier environment.
Keywords: Underground Geological Storage; CO2; Arun Field
J006. Planning of Community Based Wastewater Treatment Provision (A case study: Kelurahan
Ngagel Rejo, Surabaya)
1
Ainul Firdatun Nisaa, Eddy Setiadi Soedjono
Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
Email: 1ainulfirdatun@live.com
Abstract. One of the points of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2030 is to achieve access to
adequate sanitation and hygiene and equitable for all, as well as an end to indiscriminate defecation.
The environmental statistics of Surabaya’s (the 2nd largest city in Indonesia) Environment Agency
(BLH) on 2011 point out; about 12.12% of unsanitary latrine owned by households spread across all
districts in Surabaya. The number of households in the city of Surabaya, which has not had any septic
tank, is 9129 households. An average of one third of the population in Surabaya uses the facility to
dispose wastewater directly to the water drainage channel. One example is RT 11 RW 7 inhabitants
who live along the Kali Sumo riverbanks in Ngagel Rejo sub-district, Surabaya. They draw black water
and gray water off to the river located few meters in front of the house. The low-income of most of the
inhabitants living in the area has been a major issue so far. One of the programs encouraged by the
current local government in order to increase the feasibility of sanitation in urban areas is through
community based urban sanitation (SPBM) program. It is an initiative to build sanitation awareness
among inhabitants and to promote the provision of residential infrastructure and wastewater
management facilities in a community basis with a responsive approach to the needs. This program is
developed through self-help group (KSM) which consists of the local residents itself. KSM is the group
who will be responsible for the operation and maintenance (O&M) of the communal sewerage. Through
this program, inhabitants will manage a communal sewerage network as well as an anaerobic baffled
reactor (ABR) with dimensions 6.55 m x 1.5 m x 1.8 m as a communal wastewater treatment plant
(WWTP). The location of the WWTP is specified by three possible options of the communal sewerage
system; comparing ease of road access, social and financial aspect. The chosen alternative location of
WWTP is a used community center. Estimated cost to build communal sewerage is around IDR 345
million ($25,000). The source of funding for the construction is expected to come from local
government or third parties. However, every household should pay operation and maintenance fee for
about IDR 5,000 ($0.40) each week.
Keywords: Anaerobic Baffled Reactor; Community Based Urban Sanitation; health; septic tank; toilet

2016
2016

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ISSN 2548-6217

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Germany, December 2016

Reviewers and Editors

Trismono Candra Krisna, Editor in Chief, University of Leipzig

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Board of Steering Committee

Organizing Committee (OC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

”TOGETHER WE CREATE THE FULL PICTURE”

Leipzig, 30 December 2016

Trismono Candra Krisna

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Committee of ICONIC 2016 3

B. Business and Economy

C. Energy, Technology and Industry

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

F. Agriculture, Food Industry and Maritime

I. Social and Culture

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

From Harmony with Diversity to Nurturing Relay Culture for Indonesia

[OFFICIAL] ICONIC 2016 - Prof. Dr. -Ing. Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Speaker: Faisal Basri, MA, Indonesian Economic Expert

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

to 30:30 million. At the same time, there is another fact

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Table 1.Productions and consumptions of nickel ores in order to build smelter.

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Table 3. Comparison ITS Smelter vs Standard Blast Furnace

Aspects ITS Smelter Standard Blast Furnace

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Muhammad Irsyad Rabbani

Semarang and Plan of decentralization on the water

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

Figure 1. PDAM Tirta Moedal centralized system scheme

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Figure 3. Profile hydraulic service area housing

(D K)/ D H (1) Reservoir water distribution system of the

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC)

Fig. 9. Profile hydraulic service area Housing of Beringin

Fig. 10. Profile hydraulic service area housing Beringin

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Introduction regardless of the promotion, had the tourists

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC) ISSN 2548-6217 34

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC) ISSN 2548-6217 35

International Conference of Integrated Intellectual Community (ICONIC) ISSN 2548-6217 36

Criteria Requirements – Heritage