Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
1 000 100 1
100
Two 100 000 Three 10 000 Four 1 000 Five 100 Three 10 Four 1
200 000 30 000 4 000 500 30 4
234 534
Get Moving!
What number is represented by these number discs? Write your answer in your
notebook.
1 000 100 10
10 000
100 000
100 10
1 000
1 000
Keep Moving!
1. 10 345 789
2. 389 456
3. 4 234 789
4. 123 098
5. 4 456 678
Read the following items. Then, write your answer to each item in your notebook.
1. There were 345 895 children and adults who watched the football game. Draw number
discs to show the given number.
2. How will you show the number 2 345 789 using number discs?
3. There were 1 234 897 tree seedlings distributed to the barangays by the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources. Draw number discs to show the given number.
4. Mrs. Angeles bought some appliances worth Php 156 907. Represent this amount using
number disc.
5. Which number is 100 000 smaller than 234 456?
a. 134 456
b. 334 456
c. 34 456
d. 434 456
Lesson 2 : Reading and Writing Numbers up to 10 000 000 in Symbols
and in Words
How do you read and write the number 1 456 897 in words and in symbol?
The number 1 456 897 is read as “ one million four hundred fifty-six thousand eight
hundred ninety-seven”. In symbol it is 1 456 897.
GET MOVING!
B. Rewrite the numbers correctly by putting a space in the correct places in column A. In
column B, write the numbers in words.
Number Column A Column B
1234678
6578234
10234123
123987
23908
KEEP MOVING!
GET MOVING!
1
KEEP MOVING!
8 923 567 8 984 456 8 908 671 8 938 123 8 971 109
2. 7 000 000
6 821 507 7 284 471 7 578 653 6 968 123 7 771 178
3. 4 500 000
4 493 517 4 381 426 4 508 671 4 561 126 4 478 120
4. 3 200 000
3 194 100 3 283 401 3 221 611 3 138 170 3 201 156
5. 6 000 000
5 622 160 6 904 431 5 998 601 6 868 173 6 001 101
2
APPLY YOUR SKILLS!
A. Complete the table.
Copy the price of each item. Then, round each to the nearest hundred thousand and
millions.
Item Price Hundred Thousands Millions
Honda Civic Php 1 289 980
Limousine Php 5 561 003
Ferrari Php 8 123 315
Jaguar Php 4 123 980
BMW Php 3 901 312
3
Lesson 4: Using Divisibility rules for 2, 5 and 10 to find common
factors
To solve the problem, you need to know if 2 5 and 10 are factors of 70 or if 70 is divisible
by 2 5 and 10.
DIVISIBILITY TEST 70
Get Moving!
A. Put a check under each column to identify whether each number is divisible by 3, 6 or 9.
2 5 10
54180
912
2700
5605
568
3765
233
80
B. Determine whether the first number listed is divisible by the second number. Write Yes
or No on the blank.
Yes or No
1. 45 ; 2 ____________
2. 5080 ; 5 ____________
3. 90 ; 5 ____________
4. 1180 ; 10 ____________
5. 6998 2 ____________
Keep Moving!
1. Frances has a collection of 672 stamps. She wants to place the stamps in 2 envelopes
.Can she place the same number of stamps in each envelope?
2. The number of books in Karla’s collection is divisible by 2,5 and 10. She has more than
11 books and fewer than 25 books. How many books does Karla have?
Lesson 5: Using Divisibility rules for 3, 6 or 9 to find common factors
Nena’s garden has 414 bougainvillea plants. She wants to arrange them in either rows
of 3, 6 or 9. Which are the possible arrangements of the plants?
To solve the problem, you need to know if 3 6 or 9 are factors of 414 or if 414 is divisible
by 3, 6 or 9.
Get Moving!
A. Put a check under each column to identify whether each number is divisible by 3, 6 or 9.
3 6 9
528
1242
3456
624
852
2547
324
120
Answer the following questions and write the answers on your notebook.
3. Marjorie wants to arrange her 186 books in three rows. Would it be possible?
Lesson 5: Using Divisibility rules for 4, 8, 12 and 11 to find common factors
The school auditorium has 372 chairs. Mrs.Cruz, the principal wants to align them in
either rows of 4,8,12 or 11. Which are the possible alignments of the chairs?
To solve the problem, you need to know if 4, 8,12 or 11 are factors of 372 or if 372 is
divisible by 4, 8, 12 or 11.
Divisible by 4: if the last two digits form a number that is divisible by 4.Also, numbers
ending in two zeros are divisible by 4
372→ 72 ÷ 4 = 18, therefore 372 is divisible by 4,chairs can be aligned by 4
Divisible by 8: if the number formed by the last 3 digits is divisible by 8.Also, a number
ending in three zeros are also divisible by 8
372 ÷4 = 93,therefore 372 is divisible by 8,chairs can be aligned by 8
Divisible by 12: if the sum of the digits of the number is divisible by 2 and 3
372= 3+7+2=12, 12 is divisible by 2 and 3, therefore 372 is divisible by 12
Divisible by 11:if the sum of the digits in the odd places and the sum of the digits in the
even places are equal or their difference is a multiple of 11.
372→(3+2)-7= -2,therefore 372 is not divisible by 11,chairs CANNOT be aligned by 11
Get Moving!
1. 1572 - 4 8 11 12
2. 88 - 4 8 11 12
3. 160 - 4 8 11 12
4. 642 - 4 8 11 12
5. 2400 - 4 8 11 12
B. Write on the blank before each number whether it is divisible by 4,8,11 or 12.
_____1. 500
_____2. 3000
_____3. 121
_____4. 492
_____5. 648
Keep Moving!
Supply the missing number to make the number divisible by the number opposite it.
1.273_ - 4
2.216_ - 8
3.91_ - 12
4.26_ - 11
5.38_ - 12
Answer the following questions and write the answers on your notebook.
2. Annie wants to distribute his 276 marbles to 12 children. Will each child receive the
same number of marbles?
Lesson 7: Solving Routine and Non – Routine Problems Involving Factors, Multiples and
i
Divisibility Rules for 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12
Michael has to split 60 students in Mila baked cookies for her 3 sons
his class into different groups with and 2 daughters. If she baked 45
equal number of students each .Not cookies only. How many cookies did
all students can be in one group and her 3 sons have and 2 daughters
each group has to have more than have?
one student. In how many ways can
he form these groups?
Understand
Know what is asked: In how many ways can he form these groups?
Know the given facts: 60 students, different groups with equal number of students
each
Plan
Determine the way/s to be used: factoring, finding the multiples and divisibility rules
Solve
Show your solution:
A. Find the factors of 60.
60= 4X15= 2X2X3X5
B. Get the numbers(once) on the given factors. Then find the multiples of each
number till you reach 60.
Multiples of 2 = 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40,
42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60
Multiples of 3 = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60
Multiples of 5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60
Members 2 3 4 5 6 10 12 15 20 30
Groups 30 20 15 12 10 6 5 4 3 2
Ways 10 ways
Understand
Know what is asked: How many cookies did her 2 sons have? How many cookies
did they have individually?
Know the given facts: 3 sons and 12 daughters ,30 cookies
Plan
Determine the way/s to be used: Finding Multiples
Solve
Find the multiples of 2 and 1 till you get the sum of 30.
3 sons 3 6 9 12 15 18
2 daughters 2 4 6 8 10 12
sum 5 10 15 20 25 30
Which of the problems do you think is easier to solve? Why?
Answer: There are 18 cookies for her 3 sons and 12 cookies for her 3 daughters.
Get Moving!
2. The product of numbers is 138.If one factor is 2, hat is the other factor?
Understand:____________________________________________________________
Plan:__________________________________________________________________
Solve:_________________________________________________________________
Check and Look back:____________________________________________________
3. How many 5,00 are there in 50,000?
Understand:____________________________________________________________
Plan:__________________________________________________________________
Solve:_________________________________________________________________
Check and Look back:____________________________________________________
Keep Moving!
1. Joel and Harry love playing marbles. Joel has 60 marbles while Harry has 80 marbles .
They plan to keep their marbles in a clay jar. How many clays are there?
2. What is the smallest number of avocados that can be placed in baskets with 50 and 75
pieces ?
3. Joseph has some chocolates. If he shares them equally among 4 friends or 5 friends,
there are always 2 exrta chocolates left. What is the possible number of chocolates
Joseph Could have?
1. Lorna earns Php 10,000 a month. How much does she earn in 2 years?
2. A farmer planted 180 monggo seeds equally in 3 big bowls. How many monggo were
planted each row?
Lesson 8: Creates Problem (with Reasonable Answers) Factors, Multiples and Divisibility
Rules
Ronald paid P155.00 each T-shirts How many T-shirts did he buy?
P
for his indigent students for the to use as a uniform
Ronald paid P155.00 each T-shirts for his indigent students for the to use as a
Answer:
uniform and the total payment of T-shirts he bought is P1,240.00. How many T-
shirts did he buy?
Get Moving!
Use the data inside the box to complete the problems below. Solve the problem in your
notebook.
115 equals 52 squares 5 even
Study the story problems given below. Complete each problem by creating a question for what
is asked. Then, solve the problem.
1. Karen collected 28 recipes of salad. She devided them equally into different categories.
Fruit salad is her favourite category.
Question:_____________________________________________________________?
Solution and Answer:
3. Sarah wants to invite her cousins to see a volleyball game with her. She has
Php500.Each ticket costs Php85
Question:_____________________________________________________________?
Solution and Answer:
Create a problem using the given data. Then solve the problem.
Examples:
1. 12 ÷ 6 × 2 + 4 – 5
2. 6 ÷ 3 × 2 + 5 – 1
3. 3 ×[4 - 2 × (10 -8) + 12 ÷ 6 × 1]
Solutions:
1. 12 ÷ 6 × 2 + 4 – 5
2×2+4–5 Rule 3
4 + 4 -5 Rule 3
8-5 Rule 4
3
2. 6 ÷ 3 × 2 + 5 – 1
2× 2 + 5 – 1 Rule 3
4+ 5 – 1 Rule 3
9– 1 Rule 4
3×2
3 × [4 - 2 × 2 + 12 ÷ 6 × 1] Rule 1
3 × [4 – 4 + 12 ÷ 6 × 1] Rule 3
3 × [4 – 4 + 2 × 1] Rule 3
3 × [4 – 4 + 2] Rule 4
3 × [o + 2] Rule 1
3×2 Rule 3
6
Get Moving
1. 32 ÷ 2 × 2
2. 6 ÷ 2 +1 × 4
3. (15 – 6) + (4 – 1) × 23
4. 3 × [3 + 2 × (10 -3)]
5. 12 + 3 × 3 {3 × [4 +(9 – 8) – 2] – 3}
Keep Moving
1. (12 + 3) – 7 = N
2. 4 (6 + 8) = N
3. 25 ÷ 5 + 9 = N
4. (18 – 4) + (5 + 3) = N
5. (6 ÷ 3) + (10 × 3) = N
A. Place parenthesis in the equation so that each equation will be a true statement.
1. 16 – 7 + 8 = 1
2. 3×5–4=3
3. 18 ÷ 6 × 3 = 1
4. 16 – 7 + 8 = 17
5. 12 ÷ 2 + 4 = 2
B. Use the numbers 3, 4, 6, and 8 once in each exercise to make a true statement.
Simplify 4 + 32.
You need to simplify the term with the exponent before trying to add in the 4:
4 + 32 = 4 + 9 = 13
Simplify 4 + (2 + 1)2.
You have to simplify inside the parentheses before I can take the exponent through.
Only then can I do the addition of the 4.
4 + (2 + 1)2 = 4 + (3)2 = 4 + 9 = 13
You shouldn't try to do these nested parentheses from left to right; that method is simply
too error-prone. Instead, you will try to work from the inside out. First you will simplify
inside the curvy parentheses, then simplify inside the square brackets, and only then
take care of the squaring. After that is done, then you can finally add in the 4:
4 + [–1(–2 – 1)]2
= 4 + [–1(–3)]2
= 4 + [3]2
=4+9
= 13
To simplify series of operations on whole numbers involving more than two
operations using PEMDAS or GEMDAs rule.
First, perform operations inside the innermost grouping symbols,
if any.
Next, evaluate powers.
Then, perform multiplication/division from left to right.
Finally, perform addition/subtraction from left to right.
Get Moving!
B. Complete the table. Write the order of operations to simplify the given
expression.
Expression Operation first to perform Answer
6) 6+5x3–7
7 ) 6 + 15 - 7
8) 14 – 7 + 18 ÷ 3
9) 7 + (15 - 6 x 2)
10) 2 ( 2 + 5 ) 2
Keep Moving!
1. Peter has 450 pesos. He spends 210 pesos on food. Later he divides all the
money into four parts out of which three parts were distributed and one part he
keeps for himself. Then he found 50 pesos on the road. Write the final
expression and find the money he has left?
2. You pay 10.00 pesos to buy a package of paper napkins costing 640 pesos. How
much change will you get back? Give the expression also.
3. Liza has 1,000 pesos to be distributed among two groups equally. Later, the first
part is divided among five children and second part is divided among two
brothers. Give the expression that represents how the money distribution
between two groups was dispersed?
1) Flora bought 3 notebooks for 10 pesos each, a box of pencils for 21.00
pesos, and a box of pens for 35.00 pesos.
2) Darwin had 35 500 pesos and withdrew 5200 pesos from his bank account.
He bought a pair of trousers for 340 pesos, 2 shirts for 360 pesos each, and 2
pairs of shoes for 540 each. Give the final expression, and determine how
much money Darwin had at the end of the shopping day.
Lesson 11: Finding the common factors and the GCF of two - four
numbers using continuous division
You find the common factors and Greatest Common Factor or (GCF) of 24, 30 and 42.
Study the solution below.
Using Continuous Division
2 24 30 42 GCF: 2 x 3 = 6
3 12 15 21 The greatest number of mangoes, apples and
3 5 7 bananas is 6.
Get Moving!
2) 12, 30 42 5) 8 56 84 112
3) 28 32 40
1
B. Find the GCF of the following problems using continuous division.
1) Miss Dela Cueva has to prepare number of exercises for her lesson for the
day. She has three classes. One class has 48 pupils, another class has 50,
and another has 46. What must be the largest number of exercises she
should prepare so that each class will have the same number of pupils
working on different problems?
2) There are 10 green, 14 blue, 20 red and 24 yellow bulbs to be used for a
birthday party. They are to be placed in plastic bags so that each bag
contains the same number of green, blue, red and yellow bulbs. What is the
largest number of plastic bags that will be needed?
Keep Moving!
3) 2 42 56 70 98 GCF = ________
7 21 28 35 49
3 4 5 7
A. Find the common factors and GCF the following word problems.
4) The mathematics teacher in a certain elementary school is planning to have
an educational tour for four grade levels with 800 pupils in Grade II, 560
2
pupils in Grade III, 480 pupils in Grade IV and 400 pupils in Grade V. What is
the largest number of pupils in a group in each grade level so that each group
has the same number of pupils?
Read and solve the common factors and GCF the following word problems.
1) The mathematics teacher in a certain elementary school is planning to have
an educational tour for four grade levels with 800 pupils in Grade II, 560
pupils in Grade III, 480 pupils in Grade IV and 400 pupils in Grade V. What is
the largest number of pupils in a group in each grade level so that each group
has the same number of pupils?
2) The parents are making sandwiches for the class picnic. They have 72 ham
slices, 48 cheese slices, and 96 tomato slices. What is the greatest number of
sandwiches they can make if each sandwich has the same filling?
3
Challenge yourself with this problem!
Read the problem and then write the answers to the questions in your notebook.
1) Gina has two pieces of cloth. One piece is 72 inches wide and the other piece
is 90 inches wide. She wants to cut both pieces into strips of equal width that
are as wide as possible. How wide should she cut the strips?
2) The GCF of 40 and a number 8. What is the number if it lies between 70 and
80?
3) Two numbers have a GCF of 6. If their difference is also equal to their GCF,
what are the numbers?
4) Find three consecutive even numbers such that their GCF is the lowest of the
three even numbers.
4
Lesson 12: Finds the common multiples and LCM of two - four
numbers using continuous division
To solve the problem, you need to find the least common multiple or LCM of 6
and 9 using continuous division.
Get Moving!
2) 5 5 10 30 45 LCM = ________
1 2 6 9
3) 2 12 16 20 28 LCM = ________
2 6 8 10 14
3 4 5 7
Keep Moving!
A. Find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of the given sets of numbers use
continuous division.
1) 3 15 21 LCM = ________
Read and solve the common factors and GCF the following word problems.
1. Chill water her petchay every 2 days, and her cabbage every 3 days. Not
counting the first day, when is the first time both plants are waters on the same
day? When is the next time?
2. Efren goes home every other day. His wife Fely goes home every 4 days. His
daughter Edlin goes home every 6 days. If they see each other today, when will
they see each other again at home?
Understand:
What does the problem? The longest that he could cut each piece.
What facts are given? 35 dm, 49 dm, 56 dm of wood.
Plan
How will you solve the problem? By finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) and Least
Common Multiple (LCM)
Solve:
How is the solution done? By listing the factors
35: 1, 5, 7, 35
49: 1, 7, 49
56: 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 28, 56
GCF: 7
By Prime Factorization
35: 5 x 7
49: 7 x 7
56: 7 x 2 x 2 x 2
GCF: 7
Check and Look Back: 7 dm is the longest cut can be done in the wood.
What is the answer to the
problem?
Keep Moving!
Read and solve each problem. Write the solution in your notebook.
1. There are 14 blue and 20 red bulbs to be used for a birthday party. They are to be
placed in the plastic bags so that each bag contains the same number of blue and red
bulbs. What is the largest number of plastic bags that will be needed?
2. Liza has bought eight hair clips for Php. 10.00 and has sold them at 6 clips for
Php.10.00. How many hair clips have to be sold to make a profit of Php. 10.00?
1. Serena wants to create snack bags for a trip she is going on. She has 6 granola bars
and 10 pieces of dried fruit. If the snack bags should be identical without any food left
over, what is the greatest number of snack bags Serena can make?
2. Evelyn is packing equal numbers of apple slices and grapes for snacks. Evelyn bags the
apple slices in groups of 18 and the grapes in groups of 9. What is the smallest number
of grapes that she can pack?
Lesson 14: Create problems (with reasonable answers) involving GCF and LCM of 2-3
given numbers.
How will you create a problem involving Greatest Common Factor (GCF) or Least Common
Factor (LCM) given the following information?
You can create a problem by following this guide:
Familiarize yourself with the concepts of GCF and LCM and their application to real life
situations.
Think of the type of problem you want to create.
Read some problems and study their solutions.
Problem 1:
Arielle is making flower arrangements. She has 7 roses and 14 daisies. She wants to
make all the arrangements identical and have no flowers left over.
Problem 2:
Tayli wishes to advertise her business, so she gives packs of 13 red flyers to
each restaurant owner and sets of 20 blue flyers to each clothing store owner. Tayli
realizes that she gave out the same number of red and blue flyers.
Keep Moving!
Write a problem for the numbers and phrases in the box.
A. Musician practiced very well for the concert. He practiced hours yesterday and hours
today. How many hours did he practice in two days?
= = = 5+ 5+
= = = = =
______ ______
=5
Will become
While
Get Moving!
1. 2. 18 3. 4. 5.
+ + + + +
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
Keep Moving!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
+ 216 + + + +
_________ _________ _________ _________ _________
a. What is asked?
b. What are given?
c. What is the operation to be used?
d. What is the number sentence?
e. How is the solution done? Show your solution?
f. What is the complete answer?
2. Mrs. Gonzales used 2¼ cups of flour to make a plain cake, 3 ½ cups to make brownies and
2 ¾ cups to make doughnuts. How many cups of flour did she use?
a. What is asked?
b. What are given?
c. What is the operation to be used?
d. What is the number sentence?
e. How is the solution done? Show your solution?
f. What is the complete answer?
a. What is asked?
b. What are given?
c. What is the operation to be used?
d. What is the number sentence?
e. How is the solution done? Show your solution?
f. What is the complete answer?
Lesson 16: Subtracting Fractions and Mixed fractions without and with Regrouping
How many more kilograms of lanzones than banana did she buy?
Get Moving
Subtract the following fractions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Keep Moving
Subtract. Reduce the difference to lowest terms whenever possible.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
1. Jerrie can repair her car in hours. A mechanic can do the same job in 8/12 hour.
the time she spent at the mall. How much time did she spend at the mall?
3. Ana bought kg of grapes for her younger sister. They ate kg of it. How many
1. Lailani has meters of yarn on a ball. After meters were unwound, how many
cups of juice. If each pitcher has cups less juice than the one before it, find the
much longer did he spend weeding the garden than watering the plants?
First Quarter- Week 6
Lesson 17:Solving Routine and non routine problems involving addition and/ or subtraction of
fraction using appropriate problem solving strategies and tools.
Darwin painted his room using 5/6 liter of blue paint and 2/3 liter of white paint.
What color of paint was used more than the other? How much more of it was used than
the other?
Understand:
Know what is asked : The paint color that was used more and by
by how much more
Know the given facts: 4/6 liter of blue paint; 4/5 liter of white paint
Plan:
Draw a picture :
5/6
Solution:
Check and Look back:
Answer: a. more blue paint was used
b. by 1/6 liter
Get Moving
Read each problem carefully and then solve.
1. Mark wash his car in 4/5 of an hour, cleaned the garage in 2/6 of an hour, and painted
the garden fence in 2 hours. How long did it take him to do all the tasks?
2. Anthony walked ¼ of a kilometer to Jane’s house and 7/8 of a km to the park. How
far did he walk?
3. Jenny spends ¼ of her daily allowance for snacks, ½ for lunch, 1/8 for transportation,
and saves the rest. What part of her daily allowance does she save?
Keep Moving
1. Liza spent ¾ hour preparing the soil and 2/3 hour planting. How much time did she
spend in the garden?
2. In a fruit basket, 4/5 of the fruits are bananas and 3/8 are mangoes, which are more-
the bananas or the mangoes?
3. Ronnie had 7/8 gallon of paint. He used 4/5 of it. What fraction of a gallon of paint was
used? How much paint remained?
1. Four fifths of a group of rallyists were students, If 3/8 of the students were female,
what part of the rallyists were male students?
2. Angie covered ¾ of a bulletin board with white paper. Then, she made a Math poster
on 2/3 of the white paper. What part of the board was covered by the poster?
3. A water tank was 20/21 full. If 3/5 of it was used to water the plants, what fraction of
the tank was used in watering the plants?
Lesson 18: Creating problems (with reasonable answers) involving addition and/or subtraction
Fraction using appropriate problem strategies
How do you create a word problem involving addition, subtraction, or addition and
subtraction of fractions?
a. Characters
b. Situation/ setting
c. Data
d. Key question
Study the table below:
Liza bought 2/8 m of white ribbon and 2/4 m of yellow ribbon to make flowers.
After making 5 flowers, she found out she had 3/6 m of ribbons left. How many
meters of ribbon did she use for the flowers?
Get Moving!
Use the data below to create a one-step word problem involving subtraction of
fractions.
Use the data below to create a two- step word problem involving addition and
subtraction of fractions.
Using the table below, create a problem for each of the following.
Darwin had a piece of plastic cover ½ meter long. He used 1/5 of it to cover his book. What fractional
part of the plastic cover did he use?
1 x 1 = 1
5 2 10
The part of the whole representing the product of 1/5 x 1/2 is the region that has been shaded twice.
Notice that the rectangle has been divided into 10 equal parts and 1 part is shaded twice so 1/5 x 1/2
must be 1/10, Darwin used 1/10 metre of plastic cover.
The region at the left has been divided vertically into 5 parts of
the same size. Therefore each parts is 1/5 of the whole region.
Ask. How many fifths are shaded? What part of the region is
shaded?
Next picture 2 horizontal lines have been drawn to divide
each 1/5 into 3 equal parts.
Into how many equal parts is the region now divided?
How many small regions are shaded?
Thus: 1 2122
3 of 5 equals 3 x 5 = 15
Get Moving
1. Write a multiplication equation for each visualization and find the answer
a
X = =
_________
b.
X =
= _________
c.
x = =
____
Keep Moving !
Match the picture in Column A with the multiplication sentence in Column B. Write your answer
in your notebook.
A B
a. 11
2 of 4
b. 13
3 of 4
c. 11
5 of 2
Write the multiplication equation for each and find the answer.
1.
x =
2.
x
=
1 of
To know the amount of carrots the rabbit ate, let us compute . How do we right of
3
in a number sentence ?1x = N
3
Let’s solve this in two ways
First let us use an illustration to get the product. 3
4
1
3
3 3
4 4
133x1 = =
3 4 12 4
3
The double shaded parts show the parts of the carrot eaten by the rabbit. .When reduced to
12
lowest terms is 1
4
1
3 x 3 = 3
STEP 1 Multiply the numerators 4
3
Reduce the product to lowest terms ÷3 = 1
STEP 3 12 3 4
1 1
of ==
4 or 8 x 8 4
1
4
18
so4 x 8 = 4 = 2
If we have a whole number like 8 we can also write it as a fraction with a denominator of 1.
1 1
4 X 8 = 2,because x 8 = 0r82
4 1 4
GET MOVING
Direction : Cut each strip. You may paste them in a chipboard or cartolina to make them harder.
If 2/3 of the apples above are green, then how many are green apples ? Color them to
show your answer ?
1 the 3
ofof pizza shown will be
2 4
given to my classmate. Draw line/s on it to
KEEP MOVING !
B. Bon bought 8 kilos of mango in the market. He shared of2 it with his relatives for their
outing. How many kilos of mango did he share? 3
C. One fifth of the 40 pupils of Miss Ramos are Math Club members. How many pupils are
Math Club members ?
Nelia has ½ piece of a cartolina. She shares 1/3 of it to Joe who needs it very badly for his
Science project. What part of the cartolina did Nelia Share?
How will you solve for the product of the fractions mentally?
Here’s how to do it.
Get Moving!
13318541 2 1
5×4= 7×3= 10 × 6= 9× 2 = 8×3 =
7461256379
9 x 5 = 10x6 = 3x9 = 8x 5 = 8x 10 =
1237548134
2 x 3 =N 5 x 8 =N 6 x 9 =N 9 x 3 =N 7 x 5 =N
Understand
Know what is asked: No. of hours she worked in all.
Know the given facts: 2 ½ hours and 14 days = 2 weeks
Plan
Determine the operation to be used: Multiplication
Write the number sentence: 2 ½ × 14 = N
Solve: Show your solution:
2 ½ × 14 = N
2 ½ × 14/1 = N
5/2 × 14/1 = N
1 7
5/1 × 7/1 = 35/1 or 35 hours
Lucy’s mother worked 35 hours in 2 weeks or 14 days.
Check and look back: Did I do the operation correctly?
Is my answer reasonable? Did I write my answer in a complete sentence?
Problem 2: Jose harvested 15 kilograms of guavas from the orchard. He gave 2/5 of them to
his neighbors. How many kilograms of guavas did he share to his neighbors?
Understand
Know what is asked: No. of kilograms he shared to his neighbors.
Know the given facts: 15 kilograms of guava and 2/5 part shared to his
neighbors
Plan: Make a diagram or drawing.
Draw 15 kilograms of guavas
Each group shows 1/5 or 3 kilograms of guavas. There are 2 groups of 1/5 and
this shows 2/5.
So, 2 × 3 = 6 kilograms of guavas he shared to his neighbors.
Look back: To check 15 × 2/5 = 6 kilograms.
Get Moving!
Solve the following problems.
1. A recipe for doughnuts needs 1 ¼ cups of flour. Mother will prepare 1 1/3 times the
recipe. How much flour will she need?
2. On Jenny’s birthday, her mother prepared 48 cupcakes. If ¾ of the cupcakes were
served, how many cupcakes were served?
3. Nelson had 3 ½ liters of paint. He used 2/3 of it to paint their fence. What part of the
paint did he used?
4. Remy had ¾ meter long of lace. She gave 1/3 of it to her classmate to decorate her
Science project. What part of the lace was given to her classmate?
5. Everyday Alvin spends 3 ½ hours reading books. How many hours does he spend in a
week reading books?
Keep Moving!
Solve the following problems. Write your solutions and answers in your notebook.
1. Anselmo spent 6/8 of his time in morning studying Math and Science. He spent ¼ of this
time studying Science. What fraction of the total time did he spend studying Science?
2. What is the area of a rectangle whose length is 8/10 m and width is 2/3 m?
3. Aling Aning planted vegetables on 4/7 of her vacant lot. Two thirds of it was planted with
pechay. What fraction of the vacant lot had pechay?
4. Lorna had 2 ½ liters of beef broth. She used 3/5 of it to make soup. How much beef
broth did she use to make soup?
5. A recipe calls for 1 1/3 litres of milk. How many litres of milk do you need to make 2
recipes?
Name/Character
Situation/Setting
Data
Unit
Key question
8 recipes to make
Alice used ¼ teaspoon of salt on her cake recipe. How much salt is needed if
she will make 8 recipes of it?
Get Moving!
Create a one-step word problem involving multiplication of fractions using the
data given.
Keep Moving
Create a one-step word problem involving multiplication of fractions using the data given.
kg cooked
Each one received of the pizza. Nothing was left for her.
Find: 5 x
Solution:
5x = x = =1
Answer: Janice made 1 whole pizza divided among her five friends.
Study some more examples:
𝟏 𝟒 𝟏 𝟒
4x 𝟒
=𝟏 x 𝟒
= 𝟒
=1
𝟐 𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟏𝟓
𝟏 𝟑
x𝟓 =𝟑 x 𝟓
= 𝟏𝟓 = 1
𝟑 𝟏 𝟑 𝟕 𝟐𝟏
𝟕
x 𝟐 𝟑= 𝟕
x 𝟑
= 𝟐𝟏 = 1
1. 51 6. 11. 2
2. 3 7. 12. 35
3. 8. 13. 5
4. 9. 14. 12
5. 24 10.5 15.
Keep Moving!
Write the missing factor.
1. x =1 6. x =1
2. x =1 7. x =1
3. x =1 8. 5 x =1
4. 15 x =1 9. x =1
5. x =1 10. x =1
2. Two numbers are reciprocals of each other. One number is 36 times as large as the other. What
are the numbers?
X =1
3. What is the reciprocal of a number whose numerator is 8 times as great as 3 and the
denominator is half the numerator?
Lesson 25: Visualizing Division of fraction
Janella helps her mother cut meter long ribbon from meter ribbon. How many strips can she
cut? Study the illustration and solution below.
Number sentence :
÷ = __________
From the figure we can see that there are twenty-eight in . Therefore, the answer is 28.
Get Moving!
Use illustrations to answer each question.
Keep Moving!
Illustrate to find the quotient.
1. ÷ = 2. ÷ = 3. ÷ = 4. ÷ = 5. ÷ =
Apply your Skills!
Use a model to solve the problem.
1. Camille needs m of cloth for a banner. If she has m of cloth, how many banner can
she make?
2. Mrs. Dator needs4 liters of fresh milk. The store has liter packs of fresh milk. How
many packs does she need to buy?
3. Mario has 8 logs to be cut in fourths to make fence posts. How many fence post can he
make?
4. Mother bought 5 apples. She divided them into halves. How many pieces of apple
were there?
Lesson 26: Dividing Simple Fractions and Whole Number and a Fraction
Nathan wants to share his buko pie with his friends. He has of the buko pie, and he wants to
give each friend of the buko pie. How many friends can Nathan feed?
Solution:
Without any illustration we can solve the problem following the steps in dividing simple fraction.
Solution:
÷ =n
Therefore ÷ =4
Nathan can feed 4 of his friends.
Problem 2.
Jane received 3 guavas from her friend. She cut it into pieces. How many halves did she
have?
Use real guava to solve the problem
Problem 3
Lina has of a chocolate bar. It will be divided equally among 4 persons, what part of the
chocolate bar will each one get?
Get Moving!
Read and analyze each question then solve.
Keep Moving!
Find each quotient.
1. ÷ =n 2. ÷ =n 3. ÷ =n 4. ÷ =n 5. ÷ =n
2. AlingNarda repacked kg of pepper into kg bags . How many bags of pepper can she
make?
1
3. There are 4 kilograms of rice. Each girl scout can consume 5
kg of rice per meal. For
how many girl scouts is the rice enough for a meal?
Lesson 27 : Solving Routine or Non-Routine Problems Involving Division Without or With
Any of the Other Operations of Fractions and Whole Numbers Using
Appropriate Problem Solving Strategies and Tools.
Problem 1
Understand
Know what is asked: Number of pieces that can be cut
Plan
Determine the operation to be used: Division
Write the number sentence: 4 =n
Solve
Show your solution:
4 =n x = or 6
Understand
Know what is asked: The number of boxes that can be make from the ribbon
Plan
Determine the operation to be used: Division
Write the number sentence: 42 =n
Solve
Show your solution:
42 =n = = = 18
Using cancellation
= x = or 18
Check and Look back
Review and recheck your answer:
Answer: Nicole can make 18 boxes from the ribbon.
Get Moving!
Solve the following problems.
1. A log 5 ¾ meters long will be cut into 6 equal pieces. How long will each piece
be?
Understand: _____________________________________________
Plan:___________________________________________________
Solve: __________________________________________________
Look back: ______________________________________________
2. Andrea has 35 meters of cloth. How many aprons can she make if each
apron requires meters?
Understand: _____________________________________________
Plan:___________________________________________________
Solve: __________________________________________________
Look back: ______________________________________________
3. Calix needs to divide cups of flour among 3 recipes. How many cups
of flour does each recipe need?
Understand: _____________________________________________
Plan:___________________________________________________
Solve: __________________________________________________
Look back: ______________________________________________
4. The class of Lora is repacking goods for the outreach. How many kg
packs of sugar can they make out of a bag that contains 15 kg of sugar?
Understand: _____________________________________________
Plan:___________________________________________________
Solve: __________________________________________________
Look back: ______________________________________________
Keep Moving!
Solve the following problems. Write your solutions and answers in your notebook.
1. Jeff has meters of rope. He wants to make 3 pieces of clothes hanger
out of it. How long will each clothes hanger be?
2. A farmer bought kilograms of fertilizer for his rice, camote, and potato
crops. If the fertilizer will be used equally on the three crops, how much
will be used for each crop?
3. Mr. Reyes has a coconut plantation that measures hectares. If the
entire plantation is to be subdivided among 36 tenants, how much would
be each tenant’s share ?
4. Donald was able to harvest 2 ¼ kg of tomatoes from each of 4 plots.
Then he divided them equally into 6 piles. How many kilograms of
tomatoes did each pile have?
5. Lucy equally poured 4/5 liter of lemonade into 6 cups. How much
lemonade did each cup have?
How do you create a word problem involving division or with any of other operations of
fractions and whole number?
Can you now complete the word problem below and solve for the correct answer, too?
Do this in your notebook.
Mrs. Ana has to pack _____________. How many plastic bags are needed if each bag
can contain______________?
Get Moving!
1. 12 kilograms of flour
¾ kilograms in each plastic bag
Number of plastic bags used
Problem:______________________________________________________________
Solution and Answer:____________________________________________________
4. of a pie
4 persons
The part of the pie each one gets
Problem:______________________________________________________________
Solution and Answer:____________________________________________________
5. 5 meters of cloth
2/3 meters for each scarf
The number of scarves that can be make
Problem:______________________________________________________________
Solution and Answer:____________________________________________________
Keep Moving!
Complete each problem by creating a question for what is asked. Then, solve the problem.
1. Ella has 15 kilograms of rice for sale. She placed these in plastic bags. Each bag
contains kilograms.
Question:________________________________________________________
Solution and Answer: ______________________________________________
5. A tailor has a bolt of cloth 20 meters long. Each uniform needs meters of cloth.
Question:________________________________________________________
Solution and Answer: ______________________________________________
Apply You Skills!
Create a problem using the given data. Then, solve the problem.
1. Given: 50 kilograms of cholcolate
kilograms packed in each box
Asked: Number of boxes used
Problem: _____________________________________________________
Solution and Answer: ___________________________________________
Thousandths
thousandths
Place Value
Hundredths
Decimal
Tenths
Ones
Tens
point
Ten
Digits 0 5 9 8 7
In 0.5987 the digit 0 is a place holder of ones place. The digit 5 is in tenths place. Its
value is .5. The digit 9 is in the hundredths place. Its value is 0.09. The digit 8 is in the
thousandths place. Its value is 0.008 and digit 7 is in the ten thousandths place, its value is
.0007. Hence, 0.5987 means five thousand nine hundred eighty-seven ten thousandths.
1 Ones 1
3 tenths 0.3
9 hundredths 0.09
8 Thousandths 0.008
Write each in symbols, then give the value and place value of the underlined digit.
3. Fifteen hundredths
1. Men’s gymnastics is divided into compulsory and optional events. In 1984, the United
States team members won the gold medal. Their score in the optional events was
296.0391. in the compulsory events they scored 259.3127.
a. Read 296.0391 259.3127
b. Identify the place value of each decimal numbers.
2. Copy all decimals that have 2 in ten thousandths place. Give the place value and
value of the digit before the digit in the ten thousandths place.
a. 6.28 d. 8.2902
b. 0.0028 e. 9.0092
c. 4.4689
3. Copy the decimals that have 5 in the ten thousandths place. Give the value and place
value of the digit after the decimal point.
a. 5.5543 d. 5555
b. 19.5555 e. 3.4835
c. 6.4625
Lesson 30: Reading and Writing Decimal Numbers through Ten Thousandths
Carl and his brother take good care of their bodies. They eat the
right kinds of foods to maintain their proper weights at their age. Carl
weighs 45.8 kilograms while his brother weighs 43.75 kilograms.
6
0.6 Six tenths
10
12
0.12 Twelve hundredths
100
In the examples “zero” and the decimal point are not read nor write in words anymore.
Get Moving!
A. Read each decimal number correctly.
1. 0.059 4. 0.0007
2. 20.7034 5. 7. 8254
3. 46. 340
B. Write a decimal number for each.
1. two hundred forty-six ten thousandths ______________
2. six and forty-eight thousandths ______________
3. twenty-six and eight tenths ______________
4. two hundred and forty-seven thousandths ______________
5. Seven hundred twelve and eleven ten thousandths ______________
6. thirty-one ten thousandths ______________
7. nine and nine tenths ______________
8. six hundredths ______________
9. three hundred seventy and four tenths ______________
10. ten and two thousand fifty-one ten thousandths ______________
Keep Moving!
A. Write in words.
1. 3.06 _________________________________________________________
2. 0.8009 _________________________________________________________
3. 0.014 _________________________________________________________
4. 15.300 _________________________________________________________
5. 18.009 _________________________________________________________
James climb a 483 meter hill. If there are 1000 meters in 1 kilometer,
what part of the hill and did Luis climb? Round to the nearest hundredths.
483
= .483
1000
.480 .481 .482 .483 .484 .485 .486 .487 .488 .489 .490
From the diagram, it is easy to see that .483 is nearer to .480 than .490. So .483 is rounded to
.480.
Rounding place
.483
To round decimals
1. Identify the digit to be rounded-off.
2. Inspect the digit to the right of the required place.
a. If the digit is greater than 5, add 1 to the digit at the required place.
b. If the digit is less than 5, retain the digit at the required place. Then drop all
the digits to the right of the required place.
c. Copy all the digits to the left of the required place if there are any.
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
A. Complete the table.
1. 2. 3842
2. 0.56893
3. 2.96425
4. 5.2358
5. 0.86302
B. Write the letter of the number that rounds off to the given number.
C. Get the quotient up to the nearest thousandths plce. Then round the decimal to the nearest
1. a. What are the smallest and largest decimals in hundredths that rounds to 0.5?
2. One centimeter is equivalent to about 0.3937 inch. Round off the given equivqlent to the
nearest hunderdths.
3. Mrs. Edlagan has a total deposit of 50 766.25. The annual interest at 3% simple interest
4. The decimal rounds to 3.2. The digit in the thousandths place is 4 times that in the
hundredths place. The sum of the digits is 15. What decimal is it?
Lesson 32: Comparing and Arranging Decimal Numbers
There are three ways to compare decimal numbers. The first one is by using a number
line for small scale or difference between numbers and place value chart for numbers that
cannot be represented in a number line. The third way is by adding zero to make the digits of
decimal numbers the evenly.
12.326 12.327 12.328 12.329 12.330 12.331 12.332 12.333 12.334 12.335 12.336 12.337 12.338 12.339 12.340 12.341 12.342 12.343 12.344 12.345 12.346
The number line starts with 12.326. It is the smallest value in the set which is located at
the leftmost part of the number line.
The number line ends with 12.346. It is the greatest value in the set which is located at
the rightmost part of the number line.
In the number line we can clearly locate that 12.329 is at the left side while 12.341 is
located at the right side.
So, 12.341 is greater than 12.329. We can write it in symbol as 12.341 > 12.329.
Let’s try another example using different strategy. We can add 0 to make the number of
digits equally. Which is greater 0.2 or 0.198? Let’s compare it using the table below.
Thousandths
Hundredths
Place Value
Tenths
Ones
Point
Tens
12.789 or 12.765?
Value 10 1
Digits 1 2 7 8 9
Digits 1 2 7 6 5
Get Moving!
A. Compare the following. Write >, <, or = in to make the sentence true.
Keep Moving!
1. Jeremiah and Catherine are both honor pupils in their school. For the first quarter,
Jeremiah’s average is 93.1 while Catherine’s average is 93.095. Who topped the
first quarter?
2. Team Narra and Team Mahogany undergo a water challenge. Their task is to transfer the
water in a cup from the first player to the tenth player without spilling within the allotted
time. After the task, the team captain measure the water collected using a measuring cup.
Team Narra collected 1. 402 liters while Team Mahogany collected 1. 045 liter of water,
which team got more water?
3. Robert was asked to arrange the following numbers from least to greatest. Which number
comes last?
4. In a bazaar, different items are sale for big discounts. Irene is looking for a school bag. She
visited three stalls to buy one for his younger brother. The stall offered the school bag of the
same quality but differs in price. The first stall offered if for P 749. 25, the second stall sold it
for P 792.45 and third stall gave it P 724. 95. If she wanted to save, from which stall will she
buy school bag?
5. Aling Mila bought 0.82 m of red fabric, 0.79 m of yellow fabric, 0.805 m of blue fabric and
0.782 m of white fabric. Which ribbon is the longest? the shortest? Arrange the lengths of
the fabric form longest to shortest?
Lesson 33: Visualizing Addition and Subtraction of Decimals
Gab and Sassa goes to school together by walking. The school is 2 km from their house. For first five
minutes Sassa and Gab has walked and reached 0.28 kilometer, after the next 8 minutes they recorded 0. 59
km. How far are they from school?
The problem is looking for the distance from the school that they need to cover after driving for 13
minutes. So, let’s add the distance they have walked for 5 minutes and the distance covered by them for the
next 8 minutes.
+ =
0.059 0.087
0.028
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
C. Add or subtract.
1. During a vacation, Ben’s records showed gasoline purchases of 19.75 gallons, 15.4
gallons, 13.85 gallons and 21.06 gallons. How many gallons of gasoline did he buy?
2. The perimeter of a triangle is equal to the sum of the length of its sides. Find the
perimeter of a triangle whose sides are 8.75 cm, 9.6 cm and 10.375 cm.
3. Rachel has P 3 316.40 in her savings account. If she made withdrawals of P 285.00,
P 472.46 and P 1 042.25, how much money is left in her account?
4. One week a jogger ran the following distances : 15.3 km , 18.75 km , 19 km , 21.5 km,
25.375 km and 30.25 km. If his weekly average is 150 km, did he run less or more?
5. Romeo has P 20 000 in available credit on his Visa charge card. If she purchases a
portable CD player for P 8 139.55, a boom box for P 399.95 and two way speakers
for P 3 425.05, how much available credit does she have left ?
Lesson 34: Adding and Subtracting Decimal Numbers through Thousandths
Without and With Regrouping
Step 1:
Without Regrouping
With Regrouping
2 18 7 10 15 16 Get Mo
3 9 8 1 6 6
1 9 6 8 9 8
- 1 9 5 2 6 8 Difference
A. Find the sum of the following.
10. 0.3276
+ 0.1178
5. 380.205
4. 154. 76
- 278.398
- 85.493
Keep Moving!
1. Alex traveled 41.3 kilometers on Monday and 53.75 kilometers on Tuesday. How many
kilometers did he travel in two days?
2. In a midnight sale, a radio cassette player was sold at P 1 449.95. If it’s regular price was
P 1 950.50, how much less was the sale price?
3. Anna bought a bunch of flowers for P 125.50. If she gave a P 100 bill and P 50 bill, how
much was her change?
4. The rainfall on four consecutive days during a typhoon was 10.31 cm, 12.72 cm, 18.39 cm
and 9.84 cm. Find the total rainfall during the typhoon.
5. Mother bought 2.35 kg of pork, 3.75 kg of chicken, 1.1 kg of beef, and 1 kg of liver. How
many kilograms of meat did Mother buy in all?
Lesson 35: Estimating the Sum or Difference of Decimal Numbers with Reasonable Results
Nancy wants to buy a blouse for Php.118.50, a t-shirt for Php.99.75 and a pair of shoes for Php.215.50.
If she has Php.500-bill, does she have enough money to pay for them?
To answer the question, we need to estimate. We can use the rounding method.
Php.118.50Php.120
Php.99.75 Php.100
Php.215.50Php.220
Php.440
B.
A salesman drove 17.65 km to one town and 15.86 km to a second town. How much farther is the first
town than the second town?
17.6518 km
15.8616 km
2 km
The first town is less than 2 km farther than the second town.
Get Moving!
A. Using the rounding off technique, find the estimated sum of the given decimals.
1. 23.45 + 8.63 + 2.75
2. 8.05 + 7.93 + 1.62
3. 112.56 + 23.63 + 12.45
4. 0.91 + 0.86 + 8.75
5. 2.843 + 15.624 + 13.56
B. Using the rounding off technique, find the rough estimated difference of the given decimals.
1. 634.58 – 436.79
2. 37.86 – 19.92
3. 14.39 – 8.59
4. 7.45 – 2.93
5. 15.63 – 8.79
Keep Moving!
1. Gloria bought a t-shirt for Php.95.75 and a book for Php.175.60. how much more did the book cost
than the t-shirt?
2. A salesman traveled 78.45 km in the morning and 25.24 km in the afternoon. Did he cover at least
100 km?
3. A household consumes 222.5 liters of water a day. One faucet leaks 12.25 liters of water a day.
Estimate how many liters of water a day a household consumes when the faucet is fixed?
4. The Math Club raised Php 1 225.00 during their fund raising campaign. The club will be buying 3
items worth Php495.00, Php347.50 and Php862.90. How much more money does the club need to
buy the items?
5. A rectangular garden measures 22.7 meters by 16.6 meters. Estimate how many meters of fencing
material are needed to enclose it.
Lesson 36- Solving Routine or Non-routine Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction of
Decimal Numbers Including Money Using Appropriate Problem Solving Strategies
and Tools
Mang Isko has 18.48 pesos . If she has Marlene opened her math book and
to devide it into her 6 children, How found that the sum of the pages
much will each one receive? facing her was 243. What pages did
she open to?
Study the solution below.
Problem 1 Problem 2
Understand Understand
Know what is asked? The amount of money Know what is asked: The pages of the book
each child receive? Know the given facts: The sum of two pages was 243
Know the given facts: 18.48 pesos, 6 children Plan
Plan Determine the operation to be used: Addition
Determine the operation to be used: Division Write the number sentence: n+(n+1)= 243
Write the number sentence: 18.48÷6=n Solve
Solve Show your solution: Trial and error method
Show your solution: 18.48÷6=3.08 If n=121, then 121+(121+1)= 243
Check and look back 121+122 =243
Review and re check your answer: you can 243 = 243
use calculator to divide 18.46 by 6 or multiply Review and check your answer: you cannot have a page
3.08 byof
Which 6 the two problems is easier to solve? Why?
that is 121 r. 1
Get Moving
Solve the following problems.
1. The perimeter of a quadrilateral is 412.95 cm. If the three known sides measures
85.56cm, 112.77 cm, and 85.26 cm, how long is the fourth side?
2. I bought 4 items worth P39.90, P68.60, P 58.75 and P120.25. How much change will I
get from P 500-bill?
3. A rectangle is 13.8cm. long and and 9.7 cm wide. Find its perimeter.
4. Obed and Dario hiked 15.1 km. In one day and 13.75 km in the next day. How many
kilometres did they hiked in all?
5. Mr. De Guzman and the boys spent P 567.75 for food and P 175.50 for transportation
during the Science Fair Camp. If they had P 800.00 to spend, how much money was
left?
Keep Moving
7 913.04 kilometers shorter than that of the earth, what is the diameter of Mercury?
2) Luz wants to buy a bag that costs 375.95. If she has saved 148.50 for it, how much
more does she need?
3) Martha bought 2.5 m of yellow ribbon, 3.4 m of red, 8.75 m of white, and 3.70 m of blue.
How many metres of ribbon did she buy altogether?
1. Delia filled the container with 3.5 litres of water. Her mother used 0.75 litres of water for cooking
and 1.25 litres for palamig. How much water was left in the container?
2. Mang Caloy cut four pieces of bamboo. The first piece was 0.75 metre; the second was 2.278
metres, the third was 6.11 metres, and the fourth was 6.72 metres. How much longer were the
third and fourth pieces put together than the first and second pieces put together?
Lesson 37- Creating Problems (with reasonable answers)Involving Addition and Subtraction of
Decimal Numbers Including Money
How do you create a word problem involving addition and subtraction of decimals including
money?
a. Familiarize yourself with the concept and their application to real life situation.
b. Think of the problem you want to create.
c. Read some problems and study their solutions
You also consider the following when creating a problem.
1. Characters
2. Situation/Setting
3. Data
4. Key Questions
Study the table below
Name Things bought Price
Shane T-shirt 250.75 kg.
Lito Shoes 1,999.99 kg.
Study the problem as an example for the data given.
Shane and Lito went to the Department Store. Shane bought a T-shirt cost P 250.75. Lito bought a
shoes cost 1,999.99kg. How much more does Lito spend than Shane?
Get Moving
Use the data below to create a two-step word problem involving addition and subtraction of
decimals.
Name Items bought Price
Carlo 10 note books P80.65
Lolit Bag P617.35
Jane Shoes P1,250.08
Keep Moving
Use the data below to create a two-step word problem involving addition and subtraction of
decimals.
Name Foods Ordered Price
Amie Spaghetti P50.75
Zet Palabok P48.25
Precy Regular Yum P30.75
Use the data below to create a problem for each of the ff.
1. One- step word problem involving addition of fraction
2. One -step word problem involving subtraction of fraction
3. Two- step word problem involving addition and subtraction of fraction
Sophia’s rides the bus to and from school each day. A one-way trip is 8.12 kilometers.
How many kilometers does he travels in 5 days?
One way of visualizing how far Sophia travels is through number line.
Get Moving!
1.) Nichole needs 0.95 m of ribbon to trim a shirt. If the ribbon costs ₱ 0.75 per meter. How
much did she has to pay?
2.) JR can swim 12 meters in one minute. How far can he swim in 30 minutes?
Read and solve the following. Use your own pictorial model to answer the following.
1.) Looking after my baby cousins after classes, my Aunt Abing gives me ₱ 45.00 a day.
How can I save a week if I spend ₱ 100.00 for my snacks in school?
2.) Realyn bought 2.5 kg of meat at ₱ 100.00 per kg. she gave the seller a ₱ 500.00 bill.
How much change did she get?
3.) Each potted plant in a nursery costs ₱ 25.50. How much will be left on of my ₱ 400.00 if
I buy 10 potted plants.
Lesson 11: Multiplying decimals up to 2 decimal places by 1 to 2 digit whole numbers.
3.5 cm
Because there are 4 equal sides and each measures 3.5 cm, we can compute this as 4 x 3.5 =
N. Here’s how this is done.
3.5
X 4
140
3.5
X 4
140
Place the decimal point in the product. The decimal place in the product is equal to the
total number of decimal places in the factors.
3.5
X 4
1.40 1 decimal place
Get Moving!
Multiply. Choose your answer from the choices given inside the parenthesis.
Keep Moving!
B. Solve
2.) A working student earns ₱ 25.50 an hour. How much does he earn in 4 hours? If
he works 3 days a week, how much does she earn a week?
3.) Mrs. De Guzman’s class rode is 3.8 mile to the observatory. The next closest
observatory is 13 times as far. How many miles is the second observatory?
Lesson 13: Multiplying decimals with factors up to 2 decimal places
Arnold had a plot garden. What is its area if the length is 0.85 m and the width is 0.4 ?
1. Multiply the number as you would multiply whole numbers. Regroup if necessary.
0.85
X 0.4
0.340
3. Place the decimal point in the product according to the number of decimal places in
the factors.
0.85
X 0.4
0.340 ------- 3 decimal places in all
Get Moving!
Find the product in each case
6.) 0.79
x 0.06
7.) 0.55
x 0.23
8.) 0.63
x 0.21
9.) 0.87
x 0.75
10.) 0.19
x 0.73
Lesson: 41 Estimating the products of decimal numbers with reasonable results.
By rounding,
₱ 11.75 → ₱ 12.00
x 210 → x 200
₱ 2 400
The class got about ₱ 2400.00.
To estimate the product round each factor to the greatest/highest place value, then multiply the
rounded factors.
Get Moving
Round each factor to the greatest place value and estimate each product.
1. 42.6 x 37.2= 2. 68.54 x 24.4= 3. 99.2 x 48.5= 4.123.86 x 31.5= 5.246.3 x 9.67
Keep Moving
The following are some items that you need to buy from a store.
a pair of socks -₱20.95 handkerchief - ₱24.25 t-shirt - ₱119.50
shorts - ₱52.30 face towel - ₱8.75
* About how much money must you have to be able to buy:
1. a pair of socks?
2. two t-shirts?
3. five face towels?
4. seven handkerchiefs?
5. three shorts?
Apply Your Skills
Father and other farmers harvested tomatoes for the town's Tiangge
Day. They were able to fill 56.5 kaings each weighing 18.75 kilograms.
1. About how many kilograms of tomatoes were harvested for the Tiangge Day?
2. If they will sell the tomatoes for ₱24.25 a kilo,
a) By how much will they get for one kaing?
b) By how much will they get for all the tomatoes?
3. A businessman will buy all the tomatoes, but will be given 1.5 kilograms free for each kaing. About how much will he
pay?
4. Do you think that much of tomatoes will be ready to be sold for Tiangge Day if only Father picked the tomatoes?Why?
Lesson 42 : Solving routine and non-routine problems involving multiplication without or with addition or
subtraction of decimals and whole numbers including money using appropriate problem solving strategies and
tools.
Problem 1 Problem 2
For Rina’s birthday, Mother bought a cake Alvin bought 6 wattpad at ₱ 165 each
at 200, 4 gallons of ice cream at 350 and 5 sports magazines at ₱ 85 for
each and cookies worth 225. She his friends. How much change did he
brought with her 2 1,000 bills. How get from his three 500- peso bills?
much was left of her money?
Routine = Problem 1
B. Plan
2000- 1825 = n
₱ 175 = n
* Understand
Know what is asked: The total change did he get from his three 500- peso bills?
Know the given facts: 6 wattpad at ₱ 165, 5 sports magazines at ₱ 85 three 500- peso bills
--- +
3- ₱ 500 − + = n
6 wattpad at 5 sports
₱ 165,
magazines at ₱85
Solve:
a). So we multiply (3 x ₱
500), (6 x ₱ 165) and (5 x ₱85)
b) Get the product of the 3. (1500, 990, 425)
c) Get the sum of 990 + 425 (1415)
d) Minus ₱1500 to the sum of the two (1500- 1415)
e) The answer is 85
f.) So the final answer, ₱85 left with 3- ₱500 of Alvin.
Note:
The first problem is an example of a routine problem. Routine problem solving concerns
solving problems that are useful for daily living(in the present future)
The second problem is an example of a non routine problem. Non routine problem solving
is mostly concerned with developing pupil's mathematical reasoning power and fostering the
understanding that mathematics is a creative endeavour. This kind of problem helps the teachers to
motivate and challenge their pupils. Some strategies used in these kinds of problem are Acting,
Drawing, Using Patterns, Working Backwards,etc.
Get Moving
Give the hidden question, write the number sentence, and solve.
a. Mr. Salonga is paid 110.85 per hour of work. He worked six hours each day for four days. On
the fifth day, he worked 3.25 hours. How much did he receive for 5 days of work?
b. At a benefit show, special tickets cost 35.00 each while regular tickets cost 15.00. What was
the total sales if 275 regular tickets and 120 special tickets were sold?
c. Car A and Car B are running in opposite directions. Car A runs 65.5 kph while Car B runs 57.32
kph. How far apart will they be after 2.25 hours?
Keep Moving
1) Barangay Maligaya is 28.5 km from the town proper. In going there, Jay traveled 15.75 km by jeep
and 3.5 km by tricycle and the rest by walking. How many km did he travel by walking?
2) The Butal family went to a carnival. They bought 2 tickets for adults at 80.00 each and 3 tickets
for children at 60.00 each. How much change did she receive from a 500 given to the ticket
seller?
3) For Rina’s birthday, Mother bought a cake at 200, 4 gallons of ice cream at 350 each and
cookies worth 225. She brought with her 2 1,000 bills. How much was left of her money?
B.The table below shows the fare for a journey by taxi. Solve
First 500 m 30
Every subsequent 500 m or part thereof 2.50
Mrs. Ruiz took a taxi from her home to her office, which was 4.25 km away. How much taxi fare did she
have to pay?
Lesson 43: Visualizing Division of Decimals
Week 6
Get Moving!
MORE EXAMPLES
Use a number line to find each quotient.
1. 0.9 ÷ 0.3
0.9
0.3 0.3 0.3
Keep Moving!
How does the quotient compare with the dividend and divisor if both are decimals?
2.
0.8
0.4 0.4
4.
1.4
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Miss Reyes has 0.64 dm of ribbon. She need 0.04 dm to prepare one certificate. How many
certificates can she prepare with the ribbon that she has?
The number of certificates she can prepare is 0.64 ÷ 0.04. But, how do we divide decimal by a
decimal?
Since we already know how to divide a whole number, we can make the divisor and the
dividend a whole number by multiplying it by a power of 10. As we have learned, the shortcut for this is
to move the decimal point as many places to the right as there are zeroes in the power of 10. We show
this by means of an arrow.
Multiply both the divisor and the dividend by 100 or power of 10. Using shortcut, shows
by means of an arrows.
Divide as in dividing whole numbers.
Get Moving!
Divide. Show how the decimal point is moved in the divisor and the dividend. Check by
multiplication.
1. 0.02 .40
2. 0.02 .40
3. 0.02 .40
4. 0.02 .40
5. 0.02 .40
Keep Moving!
Solve for n. You can use a calculator to check if your answers are correct.
1. 7.26 ÷ 0.22 = n
2. 17.92 ÷ 0.64 = n
3. 7.65 ÷ 0.85 = n
4. 36.20 ÷ 0.05 = n
5. 31.85 ÷ 0.91 = n
Clarissa helps in sari-sari store after her classes. If she works 12 hours in 15 days, what is the
average number of hours she works there in a day?
Find : 12 ÷ 15 = n
X .8
12
Get Moving!
1. 16 13
2. 26 19
3. 30 25
4. 65 57
5. 82 78
Keep Moving!
Solve for n. You can use a calculator to check if your answers are correct.
1. 4 ÷ 80 = n
2. 7 ÷ 14 = n
3. 11 ÷ 19 = n
4. 31 ÷ 83 = n
5. 42 ÷ 52 = n
What is asked in the problem? The estimated number of pencils Mario can buy.
₱200 ÷ ₱4.75 = n
200 ÷ 5 = 40
To estimate a quotient, we can round the divisor and/or the dividend to a whole
Number or to a multiple of 10. We may also round one of them and use compatible numbers.
Compatible numbers that can be computed easily.
In the above example, we estimate the quotient by rounding off the divisor. In the next
example, you are going to learn how to estimate the quotient using other ways.
144.3 ÷ 6 = n → 144 ÷ 6 = 24
2. Estimate the quotient by rounding off the dividend and the divisor.
19.12 ÷ 1.9 = n → 20 ÷ 2 = 10
Get Moving !
Keep Moving!
a. 87.5 ÷ 7.3 =
b. 72.6 ÷ 0.8 =
c. 98.8 ÷ 8.8 =
d. 88.5 ÷ 4.42 =
e. 63.8 ÷7.8 =
Apply Your Skills!
A. Round off then estimate. Write ˂ if the answer is less than or ˃ if greater than the actual
quotient.
_____ 1. 18.4 ÷ 9
_____ 2. 63.92 ÷ 7.84
_____ 3. 320 ÷ 12.5
_____ 4. 311.93 ÷ 3.08
_____ 5. 500 ÷ 24.62
Steps Answer
Understand:
Plan :
2. Rico wants to buy a battery-operated toy car which costs ₱587.50. He already saved
₱150.00 and his ninong gave him ₱200.00. If he saves ₱12.50 a day from his allowance,
how long will it take him to save the rest of the moneyto buy the toy car?
Get Moving !
2. Roman’s allowance a week is ₱250.75. If he will save ₱50.00 and equally divided
The rest into 5, how much will he spend a day?
● Understand : __________________________________________________
● Plan : ________________________________________________________
● Solve : _______________________________________________________
● Look Back : ___________________________________________________
3. How many pieces of ribbon 3.2 m each can cut from a spool of ribbon 25m long?
● Understand : __________________________________________________
● Plan : ________________________________________________________
● Solve : _______________________________________________________
● Look Back : ___________________________________________________
4. Glen was able to save ₱92.50 in five days, spending only ₱10.50 of the allowance given
to him him a day. How much allowance was given to him a day?
● Understand : __________________________________________________
● Plan : ________________________________________________________
● Solve : _______________________________________________________
● Look Back : ___________________________________________________
Keep Moving!
Solve the following problems. Write your solutions and answers in you notebook.
1. If a man works 8 hours a day he can finish a job in 12 days. How many hours per
day must he work to complete it in 10 days.
2. Mariella compared 9 different brands of ice cream and found that the average price of
the 9 brands is equal to ₱254. As she was going through another store she found two
other brands that cost ₱282.00 and ₱292.00 respectively. What will be the resulting
average of the 11 brands?
3. Mr. Macapagal covered 175.45 kilometers in his trip to the province. If his car consumed 12.5
liters of gasoline, how many kilometers did his car cover on a liter of gasoline?
4. Mr. Lopez will pay 12 monthly installments for a washing machine costs ₱6 775.20. He
deposited ₱1 200. How much will be his monthly payment?
5. Several civic organizations donated a total of 5 412.6 kg of rice to be equally divided among
the flood victims from six barrios. How many kilograms of rice will each barrio received?
Read and analyze the following problems. Solve them in any method you like.
1. In a ballroom competition, Loui and Lyka scored 92.6, 94.8 and 91.75 on the first three
dances they performed. To qualify for the finals, they need an average score of 93. What
score do they need on their last dance to qualify for the finals?
2. When a greater number is divided by a lower number, the quotient is 20. If the lower
number is tenths of 2.5, find the greater number.
3. A boy bicycles 7.5 km in 40 minutes.. Find his average speed in kilometer per hour.
4. How many pieces of wire each 2.4 dm long can be cut from a roll of wire 15 m long?
5. Before Mr. Ignacio drove for a trip next town, the gasoline tank of his car was 0.75 full.
After the trip, he found out that the tank was 0.25 full and he had used 30 liters of gasoline.
How many liters of gasoline can the tank hold when full?
Second Grading
What are the things/data you see for you to create a word problem?
What other data do you need? You can consider the following data in creating a word problem.
● 6.4 km → 6 trips
Can you now complete the word problem be and solve for the correct answer, too. Do this in
your notebook.
Use the data inside the box to complete the problems below. Solve the problem in your
notebook.
1. A kilogram of rice cost _______. How much change will I get if I buy ______________
and give the seller a ________________.
2. Aling Mercy bought __________________ at _______ each. She sold them at ________
each. How much was her profit?
3. A plastic pipe ________ will be divide into pieces of _____ each piece. How many pieces
there be?
Study the story problems given below. Complete each problem by creating a question for what
is asked. Then, solve the problem.
1. My 3 sisters and I contributed ₱175.00 each to buy a new water meter. A plumber charged
us ₱250.00 for replacing the old one.
Question : _________________________________________
Solution and Answer :
2 . Mila was able to sell 4 boxes of roses at ₱150.00 a box and half a dozen tulips at ₱45.00
per tulip.
Question : _________________________________________
Solution and Answer :
4. An iron pipe 24.36 ft long was divided into shorter pieces of 0.6 ft each.
Question : _________________________________________
Solution and Answer :
5. Father subdivided his 72.9 hectares of land into lots of 0.9 hectares each.
Question : _________________________________________
Solution and Answer :
Apply Your Skills!
Create a problem using the given data. Then solve the problem.
Week 8
1. Triangle to stars?
2. Stars to triangles?
3. Triangles to all shapes
6 to 6
3 to 1
6 to 3
3 to 4
Keep Moving!
Use the sets of pictures. What is the ratio of the number of:
1. to 6. dogs to cats
2. to 7. kangaroos to dogs
15. a ratio of 20 to 5
Apply Your Skills!
1. What is the ratio of the number of vowels to the number of consonants in the English
Alphabet?
2. What is the ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls in your family member?
3. What is the ratio of the number of days to a week?
4. What is the ratio of a minute to seconds?
5. What is the ratio of the number of years to a decade?
Lesson 50- Visualizing ratio using the colon (:) or fraction
To
______________ : ______________
Apples to Bananas
a. Triangle to square
b. Circle to square
c. Circle to triangle
d. Triangle to total number of figures
e. Square to total number of figures
Keep Moving
Write the following ratio in fraction form and in colon form.
1. A Football team 5 out of 9 games played. There were no tie games.
a. Ratio of wins to games played
b. Ratio of wins to losses
c. Ratio of losses to wins
d. Ratio of games played to wins
e. Ratio of losses to games played.
the pictures:
or 6 and 3
8 4
a c
In the equality of ratios = , a and d are called extremes while
b d
b and c are called the means.
means
a c
Note that = can be written as a : b = c : d.
b d
extremes
In equal ratios, the product of the means is equal to the product of the extremes.
Using the equal ratios above, we can see that the product of the means, 8 x 3 = 24, is
equal to the product of the extremes, 6 x 4 = 24.
Get Moving!
Put a check ( √ ) if the ratios are equal and a cross ( X ) if they are not.
Keep Moving!
A. Write = in the circle if the given pair of ratios are equal and ≠ if not.
1) 64 : 12 80 : 15 6) 8 : 12 10 : 15
3) 6/7 75/100 8) 10 : 13 20 : 23
4) 15 : 12 35 : 28 9) 15 : 6 20 : 8
1) Two numbers are in the ratio 2 : 3. If the bigger number is 6, what is the smaller
number?
2) What number compared with 8 is the same as 6 compared with 24?
3) There are 18 roses for every 6 roses. How many roses are there if there are 3 roses?
4) There are 7 children for every 2 adults in a plaza. How many adults are there, if there
are 21 children?
5) Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 5. If their difference is 12, what are the numbers?
Lesson 52 : Expressing Ratios in their Simplest Forms
5 : 15 5, 15 5 5 ÷ 5, 15 ÷5 1:3
24 24, 6 6 24 ÷ 6, 6 ÷ 6 4
6 1
15 15, 9 3 15 ÷ 3, 9 ÷3 5
9 3
Get Moving!
A. Express the ratio of the first quantity to the second quantity and reduce to simplest
form.
1) 2 teachers to 46 pupils
2) 4 books to 10 students
3) 12 flowers to 4 vases
4) 21 garbage cans to 14 classroom
5) 36 glasses of juice to 30 sandwiches
Keep Moving!
A. Write a ratio for each of the following. Give each lowest terms.
1) 15 boys to 30 girls _____________
2) 5 boxes to 60 oranges _____________
3) 2 jeep for 44 passengers _____________
4) 7 days to 3 weeks _____________
5) 6 decades to 1 century _____________
B. Find the ratio of the time spent for the different activities.
AJ’s Daily Activities No. of Hours
Sleep 7
School 6
Exercise 1
Studying/Doing Assignments 2
Recreation 1
Meals and Personal Hygiene 2
Other Activities 3
We use equivalent ratios to find how many pies Marie can make with 25 mangoes.
To find the missing term in a pair of equivalent ratios, solve for equivalent fractions.
3 = pies
5 25 mangoes
A. Tell whether the following given ratios are proportions. Write YES if they are and NO if
not, change one term to make them proportions.
1) 4 and 28 4) 3 : 21 and 6 : 40
5 35
2) 18 : 45 and 4 : 12 5) 9 : 12 and 27 : 32
3) 20 and 15
48 36
Keep Moving!
__________ 3) 10 = 30
n 33
B. Solve for the missing term and check.
1) a = 3 6) 3 = 24
32 4 10 n
2) 90 = a 7) n = 32
54 3 4 24
3) x = 49 8) 5 = 23
9 63 n 69
4) 2 = n 9) 1 = 28
5 30 7 x
5) n = 9 10) 3 = 21
17 51 7 y
We can form another ratio from 24:3 by reducing this to lowest terms.
24:3=8:1
There are two parts in a proportion – the means and the extremes
24 : 3 = 8 : 1
means
extremes
The two ratios are proportional if the product of the extremes is equal to the product of
the means. Thus, proportion means that two ratios are equal. To find proportion, we can
use cross multiplication.
Example:
24 : 3 = 8 : 1
3x8=24
24x1=24
Get Moving!
Draw a if the given show proportion and draw a if it doesn’t show proportion.
_____ a. 3:9 = 9:27
_____ b. 7:1= 5:3
_____ c.15:5 = 5:15
_____ d.8:2 = 4:1
_____ e. 6:20 = 12:40
Keep Moving!
Read and analyze the problem.
A bag of N & N sweets contain just yellow and orange sweets. For
every 2 yellow sweets, there are 6 orange sweets. Complete the table below,
then answer the questions that follow.
Yellow 4 6
Orange 6 12
Total Sweets 24 40
Day 2
Solution 1:
Illustrate the problem.
Amanda
Cass
Through illustration, it is clear that for every 15 newspapers that Amanda sold, Cass was
able to sell 25 newspapers.
Solution 2:
Set up a proportion
This kind of proportion is called a direct proportion. The quantity changes in the same
direction. As the number of newspapers that Amanda sells increases, the number of
newspapers that Al sells also increases.
Get Moving!
Put check (/) on the box if the proportion shows direct proportion and put a cross (x) if it
doesn’t.
30:18 = 36:15
9:2 = 3:1
5:3 = 25:15
4:15 = 12:45
5:4 = 2:8
Keep Moving!
Check whether the following statements show direct proportion. Draw a happy face if it shows
direct proportion and a sad face if not.
_____ a. Three pieces of pad paper cost P1.00 while 21 pieces of pad paper cost P7.00.
_____ b. Four colored pencils cost P25.00 while 5 colored pencils P20.00.
_____ c. Two boiled bananas cost P7.00 while 6 boiled bananas cost P21.00.
_____ d. Three teachers for every 125 pupils:5 teachers for every 100 pupils
_____ e. A motorist travels 275km in 5 hours and continue traveling at 140km for 2 hours.
2. Dolor cooks for her family. Her recipe for ube jam is 4 cups of boiled and mashed ube, 1 cup
sugar and 3 cups of milk. If the recipe is good for 2 small bilao, how can Dolor modify it for 5
bilaos?
Lesson 56: Visualizing Percent and its Relationship to Fractions, Ratios, and Decimal
Numbers Using Models.
80%
There are 100 parts in al. the shaded part is 80 of 100 parts. Jian gave 80% of his earning to his
mother and saved 20% of it.
.80
5 4.00
40
0
0
0
Another way:
80 20 4
80% = ÷ =
100 20 5
The relationship of percent to decimal. To change percent to decimal move the decimal point 2
places to the left and drop the % sign.
80% = 0.80
B. Compare the shaded part in each grid.
25
25:100 0.25 25%
100
Fraction Ratio Decimal Percent
Study these.
1 1 25 25 1 25
= x = ’ so = = 0.25 = 25%
4 4 25 100 4 100
2 2 20 40 2 40
= x = , so = = 0.40 = 40%
5 5 20 100 5 100
1 3 1 1 3
2 10 4 5 4
B. Write the name for the shaded part of each figure as a fraction, ratio, decimal, and
Percent.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
5 99
1. 2. 0.18 3.4: 100 4. 5. 0.89
100 100
Keep Moving!
1
1.
2
4
2.
6
1
3.
8
3
4.
5
13
5.
100
2 23
1
50
2
3 37.5%
4 15 3
18
5 0.87 4
6 50%
5
7 20
25 C. Complete the
table to make the
8 0.58 statements true.
9 7%
10 1.25
Seventy-five percentof the the 40 pupils of Mrs. Gallardo like Mathematics. How many
pupils are Math lovers?
a. How many pupils does Mrs. Gallardo have in all?
40 is a whole number. It is called base.
b. How many percent of the pupils like Mathematics?
75% is the rate which can be expressed as a ratio or as fraction
c. How many pupils love mathematics?
30 is the percentage it is a part of the whole.
25% of 8 = 2
Rate
Base
Percentage
25
25% is the rate. It is given as a percent. It can be expressed as ratio or fraction
100
8 is called a base. It is a whole number of which you take the percent.
2 is called the percentage meaning a part of the whole. It is the resulting fractional part
of
the base.
Get Moving!
B. Write “rate”, “base”, or “percentage” to identify what you need to solve for.
1. 30 is 15% of what number? _________
2. What is 78% of 100? __________
3. 8 is what percent of 16?_________
4. What percent of 35 is 5? _________
5. 22% of what number is 66?________
6. 24% of 300 is what number? _______
7. 12 is 40% of what number? ________
8. What is 90% of 30? _________
9. 7 is what percent of 14? _______
10. What percent of 45 is 9? ________
Keep Moving!
P 54
R B 45% 120
Rate
Base
Percentage
Another examples:
1. 80% of P 9 475 = P 7 580
80% is the rate
P 9 475 is the base
P 7 580 is the percentage
1. 6 is 25% of 24
2. 20% of 15 is 3
5
3. 500 is % of 800
8
4. 125% of 60 75
6. 12 ½ % of 48 is 6
1
7. 17 is 33 % of 51
3
8. 30 is 50% of 60
9. 60 is 20% of 300
1. 20% of 50 is 10
2. 80 is 125% of 64
3. 8% of 1 200 is 96
4. 48 is 40% of 120
5. Twenty-one is 25% of 84
Keep Moving!
Show the rate, base and percentage in the Techan’s Triangle about the following problem.
1. Jun deposited P 1 800 in a bank. After a year, his money earned P 90 which is 5% of
his initial deposit.
2. Althea gives 45% of her salary to her mother. She says she has P11 250 for her mother
because her income is P 25 000. Is she right?
3. Yanny has P5 000 in her pocket which is 25% of her father’s money. Her father must
haveP 20 000.
4. Jian bought a toy car with 15% discount or P150. The toy car must have a tag price of
P1,000.00.
5. An item is marked P6,010. This is 60% higher than the price. The original price must be
P3,756.25.
6. There are 40 students in the class 95% of them are present. There are 38 pupils
attended their class.
7. When we ate in the restaurant, our bill amounted P 450.00. to thank the the waiter for
his good service, Joan tipped him 10% of the amount . the waiter received P45.00 as
tip.
8. There are 160 families in our barangay, 40 families are engage in fishing. It means 25%
of them are fishermen.
9. During the basketball season, Alvin shot 175 free throws. He made 88% of them. He
make 154 free throws.
10. Among the 1 250 pupils who attend a school, 6% are left-handed. There are 75 left-
handed pipils.
2. She then updated her time deposit account. The amount typed at the back is P 30,900.
She asked for the rate given to her P30,000 deposit and was told that it is 3%.
a. What are the given data in the problem?
b. Which data is the rate? base? Percentage?
Third Quarter
In the recent election held at Brgy. Masikap, it showed that the winning Brgy. Captain received 78% of
the total votes from 160, 000 population of the barangay. How many people voted the winning Brgy. Captain?
How will you solve for the answer for the problem?
Here are the steps in analyzing and solving word problems.
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
1. There are 40 students in a class. If 95% of them were present, how many students
attended their class?
2. Among the 1 400 students who attend school, 12% are left-handed. How many are
left-handed? How many are right-handed?
3. Jenny answered 95% of her test correctly. If there were 60 items in the test, how many
items did she answer correctly? How many mistakes did she make?
4. In a Math competition, 30 boys and 20 girls joined. At the awarding ceremony, 20% of
the boys and 15% of the girls were awarded prizes. How many received prizes?
5. Carlos sells an average of P 98 000 worth of goods in a month. The company gives him
16% of his sales. How much does he earn in a month? In 6 months?
6. The total enrolment for school this year is 1206. If 66 % are boys, how many are girls?
7. A talk show hosts has done 3 225 shows, 20% of which were shot on tape (not live).
How many of the shows were taped? How many were live?
8. The country’s biggest coliseum sold 20 million tickets for different events during one
year. Of these tickets 77.5 % were for sporting events. How many tickets were sold for
sporting events?
9. During the basketball season, George shot 175 free throws. He made 88% of them.
How many free throws did George make?
10. 120 points are given to each of two tests. If a boy gets 63 points in one test, how many
points must he get in the second test to get 60% for both tests?
Lesson 60: Solving Routine and Non-routine Problems Involving Percentage
Using Appropriate Strategies and Tools
Problem 1
Understand
Know what is asked: The number of items she failed to answer correctly.
Know the given facts: 80-item test; 92% of correct answer
Plan
Determine the operation to be used: Multiplication
Write the number sentence: 80 x 0.92 = n
Solve
Show your solution:
7
0.90
x 80
000
720__
72.00
Problem 2
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
In the given problem, 40% can also be represented in fractional form which is . Since there are 200
visitors in the party, we can simple simply divide it into 10. So, each region represents 20 persons. Now, we
can easily solve the problem. If one shaded region represents 20 persons then 4 shaded regions represents 80
persons. It means that there are 80 male attendees in the birthday party.
Get Moving!
Solve the following problems. Show your solutions. Use drawings, illustrations or number line if possible.
1. Ninety percent of the 50 members of Clean and Green Movement voted for the new
president. How many did not vote for the new president?
2. Of the 10 on-going projects of the movements 60% are fully implemented. How many projects
were fully implemented?
3. In a resort, the entrance fee per person is P 80.00 but in a group of 10 people it is fixed at
P 70.00 per head. If the resort gave an additional 5% discount for every person that
exceeds 10, how much is entrance fee paid by 21 persons?
4. Among 60 women in a slum area, 40% earn a living peddling plants and the rest earn their
living as live out domestic helpers. How many are live out domestic helpers?
5. Brgy. Masayahin has conducted a General Assembly, 120 people attended. Among them
60% were female. How many among them were male?
6. Marion has a certain amount of money on his pocket. He spent 10% of it on buying
chocolates and candies on the first store. Then he went to the next store and spent
15% of it for school supplies. If Marion had P 90.00 left on his pocket, how much
money does he have at first?
7. 10% of our class of 40 was unable to join the field trip. How many in our class joined the field
trip?
8. For every purchase of rubber shoes worth P 700.00, you will receive a 5% discount. If Dan
received P 280.00 as discounted price, how many shoes did he buy?
9. In a parent-teachers’ meeting, 80 people attended. 70% attendees were parents. How many
were teachers?
10. In an organization with 10 members, each our required to save 5% from their daily
allowance of P 50.00. How long would it take them to save P 150.00?
Keep Moving!
1. Forty-six percent of people surveyed said that they exercised on a fairly regular basis. If 12
100 people were surveyed, how many of them exercise?
2. The price of gasoline decreased by 18%. If a liter of gasoline sold P 21.15 before the
decrease, what was the amount of the decrease ?
3. In a certain city, about 25% of the people are between the ages of 20 and 40 years. If the city
population is 1 430 000, how many people are between those ages?
4. Mike and his friends will watch a concert this weekend. A concert ticket cost P 750.00 but for
every 10 tickets you buy you will have a 15% discount. If they will buy 10 concert tickets, how
much will they pay?
5. Peter is asked to guess a number. Here’s the clue, it is 75% of 40% of 600 ?
1. The Jimenez family planned to save at least 7.5% of their monthly income of P 12 500. How
much did they plan to save?
2. Gerald saves 18% from his P 300.00 weekly allowance while Mirasol saves 25% from his
P 250.00 weekly allowance. Who saves more Gerald or Mirasol? By how much?
3. Marvin, a basketball player, usually scores 80% of his field shots. If he attempted 40 field
shots during a game, how many did he score ?
4. A fruit vendor was able to sell 85% of his 56 kilos of mangoes. How many kilos of mangoes
were sold?
5. Mark has 14 paper bills of different denominations on his pocket. He gave 45% of it to his
mother and 10% of it to his three younger sister. He has now P 864.00 left on his pocket.
How much money Mark had at first?
Lesson 61: Creating Problems Involving Percentage with Reasonable Answers
2. Think of the problem you want to create and the operations to be used in
solving the problem.
Henry has already collected 500 different kinds of stamps. From these stamps,
85% are Philippine stamps and the rest are foreign stamps. How many are Philippine
stamps? How many are foreign stamps?
Can you create a word problem for the given information below?
Get Moving!
A. Create a word problem based on each situation below. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. 1 500 people
48% -aged 0-14
36% - aged 15-64
16% - aged 65- above
2. 48 marbles in a box
60% are red
15% are blue
3.
125 Grade Six students
5% were absent
4.
48% of P 5,000.00 spent for clothes
36% of P 5, 000.00 spent for shoes
Keep Moving!
3.
P 11, 200.00 monthly income
35% spent for education
12% spent for transportation
45% spent for food
8% savings
4. 120 kilograms of mangoes
72% are ripe mangoes sold
Each kilo cost P 70.00
3.
420 Grade Six pupils
70 % are Math lovers
4.
600 pets in the shop
. 15% are birds
30% are fishes
45 % are dogs
the rest are cats
Third Grading
Week 3
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Drill
Korek ka ba dyan?
Mechanics:
a. Group the pupils into 4’s.
b. Distribute envelopes with geometric figure to each group such as drawings of parallel
lines, intersecting lines, ray, line segment, perpendicular lines.
c. As the teacher flashes the words, the pupils will get from the envelope the geometric
figures and put it on the board assigned for the groups.
2. Review
“What am I” – kinds of angles
The teacher flashes a card with the following questions. Let it be answered by the
pupils.
a. I measure less than 90°.
b. I measure 110°
c. I measure 18°
d. I measure 90°
e. I measure more than 90° but less than 180°
3. Motivation
The teacher shows different cutouts and real objects.
How many sides are there in the polygon shown in the geoboard?
What do you call a polygon with 5 sides? 6 sides? 7 sides? Etc?
Let the pupils show 5, 6, 7, etc. sided polygon using the geoboard and identify it.
Let the pupils do items under Apply Your Skills on page ___, LM Math Grade 5.
C. Assessment
Match column A with column B.
A B
1. a polygon with 5 sides a. pentagon
2. a polygon with 10 sides b. octagon
3. a polygon with 8 sides c. nonagon
4. a polygon with 6 sides d. hexagon
5. a polygon with 9 sides e. decagon
D. Home Activity
Remediation
Complete each statement.
a. Dodecagon has ____ angles
b. a nonagon has _____ vertices
c. an octagon has _____ angles
d. A decagon has _____ vertices
e. A heptagon has _____ sides
Enrichment
Encircle the polygons. Explain why the others are not polygons.
a. b. c.
d. e.
Third Grading
When you travel on streets, you see road signs. Most of these have the shape of a
polygon.
A polygon is a closed figure formed by line segments that meet only at their endpoints.
The line segments are the sides and the points were the sides meet are the vertices. The
angles formed by the adjacent sides are the angles of the polygon.
1. 3. 5.
2. 4.
Keep Moving!
A. Count the number of sides then name each polygon. Identify whether it is
regular or irreg- ular.
1. 2. 3.
4. 5 6.
Another way to draw polygons with five or more sides is to use a square dot paper.
More Examples
Keep Moving!
Copy these triangles and cut them. Use the triangles to form another polygon.
Lesson 65: Visualizing congruent polygons.
Yes, they are. These polygons are regular, and all regular polygons are
similar.
Get Moving!
Arlene’s grandmother made a sash for her. The pattern of the sash is show below.
a. What type of triangles are shown in the pattern? Classify each type by their sides and their
angles. ______________________
b. Are the 2 triangles in the pattern congruent? ________
c. Are the 2 squares similar? ________
Keep Moving!
Circle the figure has same shape and size as the first picture.
Apply Your Skills!
Circumference = 2 r = 3.14
Apply Your Skills!
Using circular cutouts of different sizes, identify the center, radius, diameter of a circle.
Get Moving!
Use a compass or a cardboard strip to draw circles with the given radii.
1. radius = 7 cm
2. radius = 12 cm
3. radius = 20 cm
4. radius = 10 cm
5. radius = 15 cm
Keep Moving!
Draw as many circular objects as you can using the nine circles below.
Apply Your Skills!
1. Draw two circles with two common points and with radii equal to 3 cm.
2. Draw two circles with common point and with diameters equal to 12 cm.
3. Draw two with no common point. The first has a radius of 2 cm and another has a
diameter of 4 cm. What did you notice about the sizes of the two circles? Why is this so?
4. Draw two circles having the same center such that the radius of the bigger circle is twice
that of smaller circle.
Third Grading Period
Solution:
Step 1: Use a ruler to set the distance from the point of the compass to the pencil's lead at 4 cm.
Step 2: Place the point of the compass at the centre of the circle.
Step 3: Draw the circle by turning the compass through 360º.
Get Moving
Keep Moving
1. Draw a radius or a diameter from the given point. Use a ruler. Look at the example.
Name the objects that resemble to the following Spatial Figures shown on the picture:
Get Moving
2) cylinder 4) prism
A
B
edges meet at a common vertex.
1) The base is a polygon and its faces are a) rectangular prism
triangles
2. A spatial figure with a polygonal base edges meet at a common vertex.
b) cone
whose edges meet at a common vertex.
3. A spatial figure having a circular base c) pyramid
and one vertex.
4) A spatial figure with 2 parallel congruent d) cylinder
faces called bases and the other faces
are parallelograms. e) triangular prism
5) A spatial figure with 2 circular bases, no
edge and no vertex.
Third Grading Period
Lesson: Making models of different solid figures: cube, prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone, and
sphere using
plane figure.
Get Moving
Ex.
= rectangular prism
1. = _________________________
2. = ________________________
3. = ___________________________
4. =
____________________________
5. =
____________________________
Keep Moving
1) cone 3) cube 5)
sphere
2) cylinder 4) prism
A.
1 2 4 5 7 8 9
3 6 10
11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20
15
22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30
21 28
31 32 33 34 35 37 38 39 40
36
41 42 43 44 46 47 48 49 50
45
3 2 9 4 45 16 315 96
The numbers inside the pentagon are multiplied by consecutive odd numbers 3, 5, 7.
Starting with 3 x 3 = 9, then 9 x 5 = 45, then 45 x 7 = 315, so the missing number in the last
pentagon is 2 835 ( 315 x 9 = 2 835 ).
The series of numbers inside the hexagon uses even numbers as factors. So, the
missing number inside the last hexagon is 768 ( 96 x 8 = 768 ).
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
Formulates 5 rule or pattern of your own. Write one number sequence for each rule.
Lesson 72 : Using Different Strategies ( Looking for a Pattern, Working Backwards, etc )
to Solve for the Unknown in Simple Equations Involving One or More Operations on
Whole Numbers and Fraction
You can work backwards. Subtract the tax from the final cost of the bicycle to find the
original price of the bicycle without the tax.
Remember that the answer is found by starting with the end result and working back to
the beginning.
Get Moving!
1. Brian gave 10 stamps from his collection to both Sam and Rob. Then he gave 14
stamps to Kathy and 6 stamps to Grace. He still had 275 stamps. How many stamps
were in Brian’s collection to begin with?
2. Brady was trying to decide when to get up in the morning. He needs 45 minutes to
get ready for school. It takes him 25 minutes to drive to school. He wanted to get to
school 20 minutes early to use the library. If school starts at 7:30, what time should
he get up?
Keep Moving!
2. Paula went shopping at a department store. She bought 2 CDs on sale for $8.95
each, a notebook for $4.29, and a bottle of shampoo for $2.58. When Paula paid for
her purchases, the cashier gave her $5.23 in change. How much money did Paula
give the cashier?
1. You save $3 on Monday. Each day after that you save twice as much as you saved
the day before. If this pattern continues, how much would you save on Friday?
2. Amy and Judy sold 12 show tickets altogether. Amy sold 2 more tickets than Judy.
How many tickets did each girl sell?
3. Carol has written a number pattern that begins with 1, 3, 6, 10, 15. If she continues
this pattern, what are the next four numbers in her pattern?
LESSON 73 MEASURES TIME USING A 12-HOUR AND 24-HOUR CLOCK
Third Quarter
WEEK 7
Explore and discover!
Claire and her friend meet at the SM mall movie theater to see Harry Potter. Claire arrive at
5:40 .Her friend arrives at 6:12. How long did Claire wait for her friend to arrive ?
Claire arrived at 5:40 at the movie theater, and her friend arrived at 6:12.
If 5:40 convert to 24 hours system, it will be 17:40 ( seventeen and 40 hours ) and 6:12 will be
18:12 ( eighteen and twelve hours )
Therefore in changing 12 hours time to 24 hour time, add 12 to the hours and keep the minutes
same.
12:00 12:00
+ 5:40 + 6:12
17:40 18:12
Get Moving!
Write down all the possible times using the 12 and 24 hours clock. ( First is done for you )
_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________
_____________ _____________
Read and answer.
Challenge 1
Keep Moving!
Converting 24 hours clock times
1. 1:00
1200 ( twelve hundred hours )
2. 12:00 0100 ( one hundred hours )
3. 2:00 0200 ( two hundred hours )
Time is : Time is :
_________ _________
Week 7
Mr. Reyes is going to Dubai to meet his wife who is working in a hospital as a nurse. He
will leave the Philippines at 4:30 pm. If the duration of his flight is 4 hours and 15 mins. What
time he will arrive at Dubai? And what time is it in the Philippines? How many hours is their time
difference?
If Mr. Reyes leave the Philippines at 4:30 pm. He will arrive in Dubai at 8:45 pm
( Philippines Time ). While in Dubai time is 4:45 pm. So therefore Dubai is behind 4 hours from
the Philippines.
To calculate time in the different world time zones in relation to the Philippines, we need
to use the world time zone map for as to easily understand their time differences.
Get Moving !
A. Tell the time of the following countries base on the Philippines time.
If the Philippines time is 2:30 pm, what is the time in;
Malaysia - _________
France- _________
Brazil - _________
India- _________
USA - _________
Keep Moving!
B. Use the time zone map to find out the times in these major cities.
Fill in the missing time in the clocks.
( Hint: You may find it easier to work out the time in Philippines first )
: :
THIRD QUARTER
WEEK 7
EXPLORE AND DISCOVER!
The Reyes family will visit their cousin, who lives 3 hours
and 10 minutes away. They want to get there at 11:30 am.
What time should they leave ?
Get Moving!
2. Clara had an appointment at Dr. Calayan’s office yesterday at 11:30 am . the doctor
called her into his office right on time. She was out of there 25 minutes later. What time
did Clara leave the doctor’s office ?
What is asked? _________________________________________________________
What are the given facts ? ________________________________________________
What operation is needed ? ________________________________________________
What is the number sentence ? _____________________________________________
How is the solution done ? _________________________________________________
What is the answer ? _____________________________________________________
3. Jessie and Melchor are going to watch in the big city parade on Monday. They have to
be at the parade an hour before it starts. The parade kicks off at 11:am. If it takes 25
minutes to walk to the starting point of the parade, what time will Jessie and Melchor
have to leave home in order to be there right on time ?
What is asked? _________________________________________________________
What are the given facts ? ________________________________________________
What operation is needed ? ________________________________________________
What is the number sentence ? _____________________________________________
How is the solution done ? _________________________________________________
What is the answer ? _____________________________________________________
4. Nichole stopped at Shaira’s Soup and Salad for lunch. She stayed there until she had to
leave to met her cousin, Emanuel, at the library. They were meeting at 1:30 pm. The
school library is a 20 minute walk from Shaira. What time did Nichole have to leave the
restaurant in order to get to the library right on time ?
What is asked? _________________________________________________________
What are the given facts ? ________________________________________________
What operation is needed ? ________________________________________________
What is the number sentence ? _____________________________________________
How is the solution done ? _________________________________________________
What is the answer ? _____________________________________________________
5. Mario has a busy day planned today. He will meet his friend Alexander , at the archade.
That is a 15 minute walk from home. They will stay at the arcade for an hour. Then they
will take a 10 minute walk over to the park. The first thing they will do there is to grab a
hot dog from Ephrame’s Dogs hot dog truck. If Mario left home at 10:00 am, what time
did he and Alexander get in line for a hot dog ?
What is asked? _________________________________________________________
What are the given facts ? ________________________________________________
What operation is needed ? ________________________________________________
What is the number sentence ? _____________________________________________
How is the solution done ? _________________________________________________
What is the answer ? _____________________________________________________
Keep Moving!
A. Read the problem. Then write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Greg wakes up at 5:20 a.m. so that he will have time to prepare himself for
school. At 6:00 a.m. he is ready to go to school. How long does it take him to
prepare for school ?
What is asked in the problem?
a. The time Greg wakes up
b. The time he is ready to go to school
c. The length of time it takes Greg to prepare
d. The activity he does every morning
What operation will be needed to solve the problem ?
a. Addition
b. Subtraction
c. Multiplication
d. Division
What is the number sentence ?
a. 5:20 – 6:00 = N
b. 6:00 x 5:20 = N
c. 6:00 + 5:20 = N
d. 6:00 - 5:20 = N
What is the answer to the problem ?
a. It takes 40 mins. for Greg to prepare
b. It takes 20 mins. for Greg to prepare
c. John wakes up at 5:30
d. John prepares for school from 5:20 to 6:00
1. Jethro went to the cinema to watch a film at quarter past 3. The film lasted for an hour,
what time did he leave ?
2. Cristy started walking to school at half past 9. She arrived at school 15 minutes later,
What time did Cristy get to school ?
3. You are watching a program at 5:05p.m. It finished 30 minutes later. What time does it
finish ?
4. A cake takes an hour to bake. It needs to be ready by 7:00 p.m. What time does it need
to go in the oven ?
5. I start playing on the xbox at 6:00 a.m. I play for two and half hours. What time do I finish
playing ?
Lesson 76: Visualizing the Circumference of a Circle
Week 8
Get Moving!
a. b. c. d. e.
1 cm 2 cm 3 cm 4 cm 5cm
Using something circle in your bag, try to visualize the circumference of it.
Lesson 77: Measuring Circumference of a Circle Using Appropriate Tools
Week 8
Look at the length of a diameter of each circle below. Each circle has been rolled once to find its
circumference. Study the table.
C
B
Start A 4 cm
1 cm 2 cm
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ask: What is the average ratio of the circumference to the length of diameter?
From this point on, we will use the words “diameter” and “radius” to mean not only the
line segments but also the length of the line segments.
Get Moving!
Use a ruler, meter stick or tape measure in finding the circumference of these
circles to answer the following:
1. Would a circle with a diameter of 5 dm have a circumference of about 16 dm?
2. Would a circle with a diameter of 2.5 dm have a circumference of about 8 dm?
3. Would a circle with a diameter of 6.2 dm have a circumference of less than 20
dm?
Keep Moving!
About how far is the distance you will walk on a circular path with a diameter of 4 m?
Lesson 78: Deriving a Formula in Finding the Circumference of a Circle
Look at the length of a diameter of each circle below. Each circle has been rolled
once to find its circumference. Study the table.
Start
C
B 4 cm
A
2 cm
1 cm
Length of Estimated C
Circle Ratio of C to d
Diameter (d) Circumference (C) d
1 3.16
A 1 cm about 3 or about 3.16 = 3.16
6 1
1 6.33
B 2 cm about 6 or about 6.33 = 3.165
3 2
1 12.5
C 4 cm about 12 or about 12.5 = 3.125
2 4
What is the average ratio of the circumference to the length of the diameter?
From this point on, we will use the words “diameter” and “radius” to mean not only the
line segments but also the length of the line segments.
Get Moving!
A. Do what is asked.
Get a 25 ₡ coin, a ₱ 1 coin, and a ₱ 5 coin. Use a ruler to find the diameter and a
string to find the circumference of each coin to the nearest millimetre.
4) 5)
9m 25 cm
Lesson 79 : Finding the Circumference of a Circle
22
For any circle, the ratio of the circumference to the diameter is about 3.14 or .
7
This number is represented by the Greek letter π (Read: pi).
4. 5. 6.
7 cm 3 dm 7m
Keep Moving!
3.
Radius Diameter Circumference
14 cm
22 m
75.36 dm
1. Find the error. Your friend is finding the circumference of a circle with a radius of 3
millimetres. Describe and correct the error.
C = πd
= (314) (3)
= 9.42 mm
2. Find the circumference of the circle described. Tell what value you used for π . Explain
your choice.
Lesson 80: Solving Routine and Non- Routine Problems
Involving Circumference of a Circle
Using an illustration
Looking at the illustration, 3 meters is the radius of the circle and the distance around the
tree where the goat can walk is the circumference of the circle.
Using the formula, , we can solve for the distance around the circle where
the goat can walk.
= 3.14 x 6m
= 18.84 m
1.5 meters
Get Moving!
A. Read each problem. Then, answer the questions that follow.
1. A circular plate has a radius of 6 inches. What is the circumference of the plate?
a. What is asked? ____________________________
b. What are the given facts? ____________________
c. What is the process needed? _________________
d. What is the number sentence? ________________
e. What is the answer? ________________________
2. A wheel has a diameter of 0.4 meters. Find the circumference of the wheel.
a. What is asked? ____________________________
b. What are the given facts? ____________________
c. What is the process needed? _________________
d. What is the number sentence? ________________
e. What is the answer? ________________________
B. Illustrate the following. Solve for the answer.
1. Mr. Castro had a circular lagoon built. The distance across the lagoon is 20 meters. What is
the distance around it?
2. A flagpole stands in the middle of a circular platform. The distance from the flagpole to the
edge of the platform is 2 meters. What is the circumference of the platform?
Keep Moving!
Read, analyze and solve.
1. A circular garden has a radius of 4.5 meters. What is its circumference?
2. A telescope has a lens with a diameter of 102 cm. What is the distance around the lens?
3. Find the radius of a circular lagoon whose circumference is 37.68 meters.
4. JB wants to fence his circular bamboo field with cyclone wire. How much cyclone wire must
he use if the field has a radius of 15 meters?
5. A wheel has a radius of 20 cm. What is the circumference of the wheel?
Alicia and Megan observed circle in the chart and they wanted to visualize the area of a circle.
M J
S K O
R Q
A circle is a set of all points in a plane that are at fixed distance from a point called
center.
A radius is a line segment from the center to a point on the circle.
A diameter is a line segment which passes through the center of a circle whose
endpoints are on the circle.
The length of radius is one half the length of a diameter of a circle.
A compass is an instrument used to draw a circles.
Get Moving!
By looking in the circle answer the following questions:
1. What is the center of the given circle?
2. How many radius can you see? Name them.
3. How many diameter did you see? Name them.
Keep Moving!
Identify the parts of the circle referred to.
1. A segment that passes through the center of a circle and has both end points on the
circle. ______________________
2. A segment that has one end point on the circle and the other endpoint at the center
of the circle.
Anthony and Marlon cut the circle into pieces to derive a formula in finding the area of a circle.
They observed circle and try to form new shape.
Now we can use the area formula for a parallelogram to help us find the area of
the circle.
The original circle’s outside perimeter was the distance around, or the
circumference of the circle
Half of this distance around goes on the top of the parallelogram and the other
half of the circle goes on the bottom. This is known as the base of the
parallelogram.
The height of the parallelogram is just the radius of the original circle.
Now let’s substitute the information into the formula for the parallelogram.
Get Moving!
By looking in the circle above, form a parallelogram and derive the area of a circle.
Having a radius of 10cm try to find out the area.
Keep Moving!
Write true or false.
____________ 1. The formula in finding the area of a circle can be derived using the perimeter
of a rectangle.
____________ 2. The formula of a parallelogram can help to derive in finding the area of a
circle.
____________ 3. The formula of area of a circle is A = pi x r x r.
__________ 4. The formula of the triangle can help to derive the area of a circle.
3m
A = 3.14 x 3 x 3
= 3.14 x 9
= 28.26 m2
Get Moving!
Read each problem and find the area of a circle.
1. A lawn sprinkler sprays water 5 feet in every directions as it rotates. What is the area of
the sprinkled lawn?
2. A storm is expected to hit 7 miles in every direction from a small town. What is the area
that the storm will affect?
3. A semi –circle shaped rug has a diameter of 2 feet. What is the area of the rug?
Keep Moving!
Find the area of each circle
1.
9 meter
2.
15cm
3.
6.25 m
4. 17cm
5. 14mm
Go around your classroom and identify all the circular objects that you can find.
Write the names of the actual objects you found in your room.
π = 3.14 π = 3.14
r= r=
A= A=
π = 3.14 π = 3.14
r= r=
A= A=
π = 3.14 π = 3.14
r= r=
A= A=
π = 3.14 π = 3.14
r= r=
A= A=
Get Moving!
Do the following.
1. What is the shape of the cover of the pail in your school?
Draw the cover of the pail in your notebook. Using a meter stick, measure the
diameter and the radius. Indicate these measures on the drawing. Then, compute
the area of the cover.
2. Do you have a circular wall clock in your classroom? Or any circular objects? Draw it
in your notebook. Using a ruler or meter stick measure the diameter and the radius
and indicate these on your drawing. Using an appropriate formula, find the area.
Keep Moving!
Solve the following problems. Write your solutions and answers in your notebook.
1. A circular mirror has a radius of 28 cm. Find its area.
2. The wheel of a motorcycle has a diameter of 1 m. What is its area?
3. What is the area of a circle if the radius is 13 cm?
4. A dinner plate has a radius of 6 cm. What is its area?
5. The diameter of a circle is 11cm. Find the area.
Aling Mila helps Mang Elpie water their circular flower garden whose diameter is 4
meters.
1. Familiarized yourself with the concepts. Think of the application to everyday life
situations.
Think of the type of problem you want to create and the formula to be used. Relate the problem to a
real-life situation.
2. Read more on Math problem solving. Study the solution in solving the problems.
3. Make your own styles/strategies to justify the solutions.
1. Aling Mila helps Mang Elpie water their circular flower garden whose diameter is 8
meters. What area of their lot is the flower bed?
Formula =
diameter – 8 meters
radius – half of the diameter = 4 meters
A= 3.14 x (4 x 4)
A= 3.14 x 16
A= 50.24 square meters
Get Moving!
Create/Make a problem involving the area of a circle based on the given situation. Write
the answer in your notebook.
Keep Moving!
Create/Make a problem involving the area of a circle.
1. The radius of a circle is 7 centimeters.
Problem:
Answer:
Problem:
Answer:
Problem:
Answer:
1 cm
The figure at the right contains 27 cubes.
Its volume is 27 cubic or 27 cm3.
cubic centimetre
A cube has 3 dimensions: length,
1 cm width and height.
The figure above is a box whose dimensions are 10 cm long, 5 cm wide and 3 cm high.
To find the volume, we need to know the number of cubes in the whole figure.
To find the total centimetre cubes,
Keep Moving!
Read, analyze and solve.
1. How many jewelry boxes 10 cm by 6 cm by 4 cm can be packed into a box 50 dm lon, 4
dm wide and 3 dm high?
2. The diagram below shows a large cube made from 1 cubic cm.
a. How many small cubes are there in each
layer?
b. What is the volume of the rectangular prism?
Any unit of length gives a corresponding unit of volume, namely the volume of
a cube whose side has the given length. For example, a cubic centimetre (cm3) would be the
volume of a cube whose sides are one centimetre (1 cm) in length.
In the International System of Units (SI), the standard unit of volume is the cubic
metre (m3). Metric System also includes,
Get Moving!
A. Tell the cubic unit of measure to be used in the following illustrations:
(in words and in exponential form)
Keep Moving!
Use m3, dm3, cm3 and mm3 to tell which cubic unit of measure is appropriate to be used.
1. match box
2. book
3. door
4. classroom
5. sofa
6. garden plot
7. closet
8. table
9. swimming pool
10. car
A cube is a solid whose length, width and height are equal. The formula for finding its
volume is: V = S x S x S or V = S3
Example: Formula: V = S x S x S or V = S3
S = 3 cm Solution: V = 3 x 3 x 3 V = 33
Answer: V = 27 cm3 V = 27 cm3
S = 3 cm
S = 3 cm
If the length, width and height of a room are 8 m, 7 m and 4 m, then its volume is 8 m
X 7 m X 4 m = 224 m3.
Example: Formula: V = L x W x H
Solution: V = 8 x 7 x 4
h = 4m
Answer: V = 224 m3
w = 7m
L = 8m
Get Moving!
Find the volume of the following:
1. A rectangular prism whose dimensions are 12 cm. by 8 cm by 3 cm.
2. The length of an edge of a cube is 4 m. What is its volume?
3. Grade 5 – Earth made four garden plots. Each plot had the following measurements,
2.1m by 3m by 3m. How many cubic meters of garden soil did they use?
4. The dimensions of a tank are 5 m and 3m and 16m. Find the volume in cubic meter.
Keep Moving!
Find the volume, given the following:
1. S = 9 cm
2. l = 6cm, w = 3.1cm, h = 4cm
3. s = 1.2 m
4. l = 4.75cm, w = 1.8cm, h = 2.7cm
5. s=8m
Apply Your Skills!
Solve the following problems:
1. The sides of a cube is 1.2 cm. What is its volume?
2. A box is 162 cm long, 12 cm wide and 5.3 cm high. Find its volume.
3. How many centimetres of wood will be needed to completely surround a square whose
side is 2.3 metres?
Lesson 89: Converting cu.cm to cu.m and vice versa; cu.cm to L and vice versa
Cooperative Learning
1dm3
438cm x 1000cm3 = o.438 dm3
3
Which is bigger cm3 of dm3? When we change cm3 to dm3,is it from a smaller unit
to a larger unit or larger unit to smaller unit? What process will you use?
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
1.198cm3= ______dm3
2. 1286dm3= _____m3
3. ____cm3 = 35m3
4._____cm3= 25dm3
5. 89m3= ______dm3
Apply Your Skills!
1. A truck delivers sand weighing 85000 cm3, what is the weight of the sand in cubic
decimeters?
2. A water tank holds 90000 dm3 of water, what is its weight in cm3 ?
Lesson 90: Finding the volume of a given cube and rectangular prism using
cu.cm and cu.m
The volume of a rectangular prism is equal to the product of its length,width and height.
V= LXWXH
60cm x 40 cm x 30 cm = 72000cm3
Get Moving!
Keep Moving!
1.
8cm
5cm
12cm
2.
10m
14m
3.
8m
20m
1. A trailer is 15m long and 3m wide. If it can hold a cargo of 180 cubic meters, what is the
length of the trailer?
2. The volume of a rectangular prism is 240 cm3.Its length is 4cm and its height is 6 cm.
How wide is it?
Lesson 91: Estimating and using appropriate units of measure for volume
Andrew has a rectangular box with sand inside it, he wants to know the
capacity of the box,what shall he do? What unit of measure will he use?
Get Moving!
2. a container van
3. a room air-conditioner
4. brick of butter
5. a thick book
Keep Moving!
What unit of measure will you use to find the volume of these objects?
2. a soap box
3. match box
4. wall cabinet
1. Mr. Gonzales has a front yard. What unit of measure will he use to find the volume?
Steps Answer
Understand
1. Know what is asked in the problem. - The amount of water needed to fill
the aquarium.
2. Know the given facts. -
Plan
A. Read the each problem, then solve by following the steps in solving problem.
1. Alice has a paperweight in the shape of pyramid. Its height is 6 cm, length is 5.2 cm and
width is 4.9 cm. What is its volume?
2. A juice has a base area of and a height of 12.2 cm. What is its volume?
3. A cone has a radius of 1.2 dm and a height of 3.4 dm. What is its volume?
1. How much space in a room will a cabinet occupy if it is 1.9 m long, 0.61 m wide, and 2.74 m
high?
2. A box is 3.5 dm long and 6 dm high. Its volume is . How wide is it?
3. A rectangular container is 0.4 m long, 0.3 m wide, and 1 m high. What is its volume in cubic
centimeters?
Keep Moving!
1. A pit is 7 dm long, 5 dm wide, and 8 dm deep. How many cubic meters of sand will fill the
pit?
2. A water tank is 0.8 m long, 0.6 m wide, and 1 m high. If the tank is half-full, how many cubic
centimeters of water does it hold?
3. A container box measures 5 dm on each edge. How much space can hold?
4. A is half-filled with salt. How much salt is still needed to completely fill
the container?
50 cm
15 cm
25 cm
2. The width, height, and the volume of a rectangular prism are 5 cm, 3 cm, and ,
respectively. Find the length of the prism.
Lesson 93: Creating Problems (with reasonable answers) Involving Volume of a
Cube and Rectangular Prism in Real-Life Situations
Karen has a rectangular prism with the dimensions shown in the diagram below.
5 cm
3 cm
8 cm
1. Familiarize yourself with the concept. Think of an application to everyday life situations.
2. Think of the type of problem you want to create and the formula to be used. Relate the
problem to a real-life situation.
3. Read some problems and study their situations.
4. Make your own styles/strategies to justify your solutions.
Get Moving!
Make a problem involving the volume of a rectangular prism with the corresponding answer
based on the given situation.
1. An antique wooden chest is in the form of a cube. Its edge measures 5 cm.
Problem:
Answer:
Problem:
Answer:
Problem:
Answer:
4. Robles family made a fish pond in their backyard measuring 5 meters long, 4 meters wide,
and 5 meters deep. They sold the soil for Php50 per cubic meter.
Problem:
Answer:
Keep Moving!
Make a three (3) problem involving volume. Write the answer to each problem on your
answer sheet. You may use an aquarium, shoebox, swimming pool, and other rectangular
prisms for the problem.
FOURTH QUARTER- Week 6
Lesson 94: Reading and Measuring Temperature Using thermometer (alcohol and/ or digital)
in degree Celsius.
Each space in the number scale represents 1◦C. The numbers below 0 are
written with a minus (-) sign.
Get Moving
Keep Moving
A. Read the temperature shown in each thermometer.
The level of liquid in a thermometer is 22◦C lower than the boiling point of water.
What is the thermometer reading?
Lesson 95 : Estimating Temperature
The conference room received the afternoon sun. The room temperature was
found to be 35.6◦C. The janitor turned on the air-conditioner unit. After a few minutes
the thermometer recorded it to be 25.3◦C. What was the estimated change in
temperature?
Round each of the temperature to its highest place value; then subtract the
rounded numbers.
35.6◦C 36◦C
- 25.3◦C - 25◦C
11◦C
You can find the actual difference to check if the estimated difference is
reasonable.
35,6◦C
-25.5◦C
10.1◦C actual difference
Get Moving
1. Inside an air- conditioned room, the temperature is 14◦C. After sometime, the
temperature changes to 55.4◦C. How many ◦C is the estimated temperature
difference?
Lesson 96: Solving routine and non- routine problems involving temperature in real-life
situations.
From 6;00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. the temperature went up steadily at 40◦C. at a rate
of 0.75◦C each hour, How many degree Celsius did it increase? What was the
temperature at 6:00 a.m.
How will you solve the problem? You can solve the problem following these
steps
Steps Answers
Understand:
1. Know what is asked in the problem. The temperature at 6:00 a.m.
2. Know the given facts 40◦C, 0.75◦C each hour
Plan
3. Determine the operation of formula to Multiplication and Subtraction
use.
Solve
4. Show the solution using the formula 40◦C – ( 5x 0.75◦C)= n
Check and Look back
Check your answer 40◦C-3.75◦C= 36.5◦C
State your answer 36.5◦C was the temperature at
6:00 a.m
Get Moving
How much hotter is the temperature needed to melt gold than the temperature
needed to melt lead?
Keep Moving
Solve the following problem.
1. If the temperature at 11:00 in the morning is 28.5◦C and became 32.7◦C, what was
the average temperature?
2. Lino’s temperature this morning was 38,2◦C. after 2 hours his temperature was 39.5◦C
Did he get better or worse?? How many degrees did his temperature rise?
The temperature is 12◦C when the altitude is 3000 meters above sea level. At a
higher altitude the temperature reads 4◦C.Was there an increase or decrease in the
temperature?
Lesson 100: Interpreting Data Presented in Different Kinds of
Line Graphs (Single to Double-Line Graph)
Explore and Discover!
A line graph is a visual comparison of how two variables-shown on the x- and y-axes-are related
or varies with each other. It is useful in displaying data or information that changes continuously
overtime. The points on a line graph are connected by a line.
Five parts of the line graph must be present for the graph to be complete.
a. Title
b. Scale
c. Labels
d. Points
e. Line
Below is an example of a line graph. Study its parts and answer some of the questions below.
80
70
Distance (meters)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Time ( sec)
250
200
Numbe
r of
Houses 150
100
50
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Year
900
800
700
Pesos
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat
Days
1. What is the title of the graph?
2. How much was the sale on Wednesday?
3. On what day was the highest sale?
4. On what day was the sale lowest?
5. How much was the total sales for the week?
Height (centimeters)
6
4 plant outside
plant near the window
3
0
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
A. What is the difference between the lowest and highest temperature in Metro Manila?
Understand:
What does the problem ask for? The difference between highest and lowest
temperature
Plan
Check
State the final answer. The difference between the highest and lowest
temperature is 3⁰ C.
B. What is the average temperature in Metro Manila for five days?
Steps Answer
Understand:
What does the problem ask for? The average temperature in Metro Manila for
five days
What are the given data? 39⁰ C, 37⁰ C, 40 ⁰ C, 38⁰ C and 40⁰ C
Plan
Show how the solution is done using the 39+ 37 + 40 +38 +40=194
operation. 194 ÷5=38.8
Check
State the final answer. The average temperature in Metro Manila for
five days is 38.8⁰ C.
Get Moving!
Study the table then answer the questions that follow.
Height of Seedlings
3.5
2.5
Heigh (cm) 2
1.5
0.5
0
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
Keep Moving!
Use the data in the line graph to answer the questions below.
Customer in a Saloon
900
850
Number of Customers
800
750
700
650
600
Jan Feb Mar Apr May
3. About how many more customers came into the saloon during the fifth month than during the fourth
month?
a. What is asked?
b. What facts are needed to solve the problem?
c. What operation will you use?
d. What is the number sentence?
e. What is the complete answer?
Apply Your Skills!
Use the graph below to answer the questions below.
Joel's Height
130
125
Height in centimeters
120
115
110
105
100
6 7 8 9 10 11
Age
1. What was the increase in Joel’s height from six-year old up to eight-year old?
2. What is the change in his height from seven to eleven-year old?
Lesson 102:Drawing Inferences Based on Data Presented in
a Line Graph
Explore and Discover!
Make a graph out of the given data below. Use the gridline to plot
the points.
Number of Pupils
300
Dewormed
250
200
150
100
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
1. How many grade five pupils were dewormed on the first three years?
2. What is the average number of pupils dewormed from 2010 to 2015?
3. If there is a total of 300 pupils in grade V, how many pupils were not
dewormed in 2013?
4. What is the difference in the number of grade five pupils dewormed in
2015 than 2014?
5. Why do you think there is a sudden increased in the number of pupils
dewormed in 2015?
Apply Your Skills!
Study the relationship of data on the graph below. Answer the questions that
follow.
Metro Manila’s Heat Index in April
40
39
38
37
Temperature (Celsius)
36
35 2011
2010
34
33
32
31
30
1 8 15 22 29
Date in April
1. What was the heat index in Metro Manila on April 15 in 2010? 2011?
2. Did the temperature increase on April 8 in 2010 and 2011?
3. What date in April was the highest heat index for the year 2010? What about in 2011?
4. How do you compare the average heat index in 2010 as compared to 2011?
5. Do you think the heat index in 2012 or 2013 will increase or decrease? Why do you say so?
Lesson 103 :DESCRIBING EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITY
Andre and Emma are rolling a 0-5 number cube. When the cube shows 0,1 or 2, Andre wins.
When it shows 3,4,or 5 Emma wins
GET MOVING!
Skyler and Mackenzie flip a coin. Skyler will win if it lands heads up. Mackenzie will win if it
lands tails up.
KEEP MOVING!
1. 3 _________
2. An even number _________
3. 7 _________
4. An odd number _________
5. A prime number _________
Think about rolling a red 0-5 number cube and a blue 5-10 number cube. In the table below, the
column on the left shows the number that could be rolled on the red 0-5 cube, while the row at
the top shows the possibilities for the blue 5 – 10 cube. The numbers on the two cubes can be
added to get a sum as small as 5 ( 0 red, 5 blue)or as great as 15 ( 5 red, 10 blue). The spaces
in the table represents the sums for every combination of the two cubes.
TABLE OF SUMS
5 6 7 9 9 10
0 5
1 7
2 9
3 11
4 13
5 15
BY LISTING
Our class is having a contest. Each of us will answer a question concerning different
subjects. We have to spin a wheel to find out what category our question will be. The wheel
looks like this
SCIENCE SCIENCE
MATH MATH
GEOGRAPHY SCIENCE
MATH
a. SCIENCE ____________________
b. MATH ____________________
c. HISTORY ____________________
d. GEOGRAPHY ____________________
GET MOVING!
1. Based on the number line of probability, between the given 2 subjects, in which subject
is the wheel more likely to stop?
a. Science or Math _______________________
b. History or Geography _______________________
c. Math or History _______________________
d. Geography or Science _______________________
e. Geography or Math _______________________
2. What is the probability of landing on a Music subject? Explain your answer.
KEEP MOVING!
In a bag there are 10 blocks numbered 1 to 10. I will draw a block from the bag. What is
the probability of my drawing a block with :
a. Number 5 _______________
b. Number 9 _______________
c. Number less than 6 _______________
d. An odd number _______________
e. An even number _______________
f. Number more than 3 _______________
Which is more likely to happen, drawing an even numbered block or drawing an odd numbered
block? Explain your answer.
Kristine has 5 blouses – 1 with flower prints, 1 plain white, 1 with polka dots, a
checkered one and a plain yellow blouse. She also has 3 skirts – 1 black , 1 brown and 1 navy
blue. How many possible different combinations of skirt and blouse can she have?
Lesson 105 :ANALYZING DATA OBTAINED FROM CHANCE USING EXPERIMENTS
INVOLVING LETTER CARDS (A TO Z) AND NUMBER CARDS ( 0 – 20)
Study the situation and give the answer to the questions that follow.
Randy, Manny and Jan put 3 As, 4 Bs and 5 Cs in the box. They will take turns in getting
a letter from the box. They are trying to test the probability of getting their favourite letter.
GET MOVING!
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Maybel put candies in a bag. 8 of the candies are red, 4 are yellow, 2 blue, and 7 brown.
She gave the bag of candies to Patti and Paul.
Inside a bag are lollipops in wrappers of different colors. There are 5 lollipops in red
wrappers, 8 in green wrappers, 2 in blue wrappers, and 3 in yellow wrappers.
Week 10
Coin H H T T H T
Dice 2 5 3 1 5 3
A coin is tossed and a dice is rolled simultaneously for 6 times. The outcomes are given in the
table above.
Understand:
Know what is asked: The probability of getting a tail and a three.
Know the given facts: 2 tail and a three out of 6 trials
Plan: There are 6 trials. Two of the trials are tail and three
Use the formula, and then substitute.
P(E) = number of times the event occurs
Total number of Trials
Where E refers to the event
Solve:
The probability of getting a tail and a three is= =
Check and Look Back:
Since there are 6 trials and the tail and a three occurs 2 times, the
probability of getting tail and a three is = =
Get Moving!
Read each problem and then solve.
1. There are 10 books in the shelf, 3 Mathematics books, 2 Filipino books, 4 Science books
and 1 English book.
What is the probability of picking:
a. Mathematics books? ____________________
b. Science books? _______________________
c. Filipino books? _________________________
2. Jenny has given an entrance exam thrice and has not qualified even once. Find the
experimental probability of her qualifying the exam next time.
Keep Moving!
Read each problem and then solve.
1. A bag contains 3 blue, 4 red, 2 white and 1 green marbles. You draw out a marble
without looking in the bag. What is the probability that you will not draw a red marble?
2. A spinner numbered 1 to 8 is spun.
What is the probability of spinning:
a) an odd number? 7 1
b) a factor of 9?
c) a multiple of 2?
d) a composite number? 3 6
e) a factor 18?
f) smallest even number?
g) a multiple of 10? 5 4
h) the greatest common factor of 24 and 32?
i) 10? 2 8
Week 10
Explore and Discover!
I L O V E M A T H
Familiarize yourself with the concept and its application to real- life situation
Think of the type of problem you will create.
Read some problems and study their solutions.
Study the following examples of problems created for the situation.
What is the probability of drawing a card having the following letters:
a. L,O,V,E
b. M, A,T,H
c. H,A,V,E
Get Moving!
Each item contains information for you to create a problem
Keep Moving!
Create a problem from the following information.
1.
2.
1.