21st Century Literature of the Philippines

And the World

By: ERNEST P. MACALALAD

 Periods of Philippine Literature

Pre-historic Period Spanish Period

American Period Japanese Period

Philippine Republic Martial Law

Contemporary Period
 PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD
Literature was principally oral in as much as writing
was not yet invented and more of the works
were concise poetic.
Bugtong (Riddles)
Dalit (Religious Song)
Salawikain (Proverbs)
Kundiman (Love Song)
Kasabihan (Saying)
Dipayanin (Drinking
Kantahing bayan (Folk song)
Song)
Oyayi (Lullaby)
Hibais (Travel Song)
Soliranin (Boat Song)
Bung-aw (Funeral Song)
Kumintang (War Song)
Bansal (Courting Song)
Diona (Wedding Song)
With the passage of time Oral Literature becomes Lengthy
and this long forms Was the epic such as:

Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocanos) Bantugan (Muslims)

Alim and Hudhud (Ifugaos) Indarapatra and Sulayman
Kumintang (Tagalog) (Maguindanao)
Ibalon (Bicolanos) Tatuaang (Bagobos)
Maragtas and Hinilawod (Visayas)
Hari sa Bukid (Hiligaynon)
Dagoy and Sudsud (Tagbanuas)
Prose and Works
Alamat (Legends)
Myth (Mito)
Kwentong bayan (folk tales)
Pabula (Fables)
Parabola (Parables)
The oral works are able to translate in Written Work through
The use of SYLLABARY called ALIBATA
Ferdinand Magellan is the one who
Discovered Philippines
The mission of Spanish Friars
is to spread the CHRISTIANITY
 DOCTRINA CRISTIANA
Catholic book of prayers and doctrines
FRANCISCO BALTAZAR
(Ama ng Balagtasan)
wrote the immortal
allegorical work Entitled
FLORANTE AT LAURA
•AWITcomposed of dodecasyllabic
monoriming quatrains an opposed
to KORIDO which is octasyllabic
monoriming quatrains.
CRISOSTOMO SOTTO
(Father of Pampango Literature)
PEDRO BUKANEG
(Father of Ilocano Literature)
Fr. MODESTO DE CASTRO
wrote Urbana and Felisa
(book of etiquette)
 SPANISH PERIOD
More productive part of the
period
The propagandist raised led by
Dr. Jose Rizal batted
For ASSIMILATION
GAT ANDRESS BONIFACIO
Head of the Revolutionists and the
Supremo of Katipunan
LA SOLIDARIDAD
EL FILIBUSTERISMO
NOLI ME TANGERE
 PSEUDONYMS
RIZAL- Dimas Alang and Laong Laan
DEL PILAR- Plaridel
JAENA- Diego Laura
JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN- Jomapa
 AMERICAN PERIOD
 American defeated Spaniards in Spanish-American War
which resulted in TREATY OF PARIS
 Introduced the public school system in the
Philippines and English Language
THOMASITES- first English teachers.
The Filipino
Learned language and used it in their
writings

Freedom of expression
Freedom of press
 List of periods of Philippine Literature
in English
Period of Orientation- 1900-1910
Period of Apprenticeship- 1910-1920
Period of Experimentation- 1920-1940
Period of Discontent- !941-1944
Post-war Period- 1945-1950
Modern Period- 1951-1971
Martial Law Era- 1971-1986
Contemporary Period- 1986 to present
Similarities and differences of periods of the Philippine
Literature

1.Period of Re-orientation- 1898-1910

2.Period of Imitation- 1910-1925
3.Period of Self discovery- 1925-1941
4.postwar- re-orientation- 1945
5.The rebirth of freedom- 1946-1970
6. Period of Activism- 1970-1972
7. Period of New Society- 1972-1981
8. Period of the Third Republic- 1981-1985
9. Contemporary period- 1986 to present
 Writer Guides or Organization

P-oets
E-ssayist
N-ovelist
 JAPANESE PERIOD
The invaders saw to it that Filipino
movements be limited
The writers stop wielding pens and
started wielding guns
They introduce Nippongo and their literary
arts and forms
 Ikebana- art of arranging flowers
Origami- art of folding papers
Tempura and sushi- cuisine

Haiku
Tanka Poetic Forms
senryu
 HAIKU
-Short descriptive poem about nature
-Consisting 17 syllables
-5 syllables in the first line
-7 syllables in the second line
-5 syllables in the third line
 SENRYU
-a 3 lines similar to haiku
structure with
5-7-5 but differs from the latter
in rhyme
-the subject is human nature
The tone is satirical and ironical
 TANKA

-The longest among three

-has 5 lines and 31 syllables
-5-7-5-7-7
The end of war spelled hope
to the dormant writers who
Woke up for their lethargy
and began creating outputs.
 CARLOS PALANCA MEMORIAL
AWARDS
FOR LITERATURE
-known to be the most prestigious and
longest-running award-giving body
In the field of literature, equivalent to
the world-renowned Pulitzer Prize
 MARTIAL LAW BY MARCOS
-September 21, 1972
-the freedom of the press was curtailed in much
the same way as the other freedoms (speech, assembly)
Were suppressed.
January 1, 1981
-after lifting of martial law
EDSA REVOLUTION
-the climax and most intense protest,

Reform the Army Movement (RAM)

-Marcos loyalist soldiers