Practical No. 3: Design of Bridge Deck Slab.

Problem Statement:

Design the reinforced concrete deck slab and sketch the details of reinforcements in the

longitudinal and cross-sectionals of the slab. The design should conform to the specifications of

the Bridge Code IRC:21-2000

Carriage way: Two lane 7.5m wide

Materials: M-25, Fe-415

Kerbs = 600 mm wide

Clear Span = 6m, Wearing coat = 80 mm

Width of bearing = 400 mm

Loading: IRC Class A or AA, whichever gives the worst effect.

Step 1: Data

Clear Span = 6 m

Width of Bearing = 400 mm

Kerbs = 600 mm

M-25 and Fe 415

Allowable stresses ( According to IRC : 21 2000)

fck = 25 MPa m = 11

fy = 415 MPa j = 0.9

= 8.3 MPa Q = 1.16

= 200 MPa

Step 2: Depth of slab and effective span

Assume thickness of the slab at 80 mm per metre of span for highway bridge decks.

Overall span thickness = ( 80 * 6) = 480 mm approximated to 500 mm

Using 25 mm bars with clear cover 40 mm,

Effective depth = [ 500 - (40 + 12.5)] = 447.5 mm

Width of bearing = 0.4 m

Effective span is the least of:

1) Clear span + Effective depth = 6 + 0.4475 = 6.447 m

2) Centre to centre of bearings = 6 + 0.4 = 6.4 m

Effective span = L = 6.4 m

The cross-section of the bridge deck is shown in Fig.A

Step 3: Bending Moments

3.1 Dead load bending moment

Dead weight of slab = 0.5 * 24 = 12 kN/m2

 Wearing coat = 0.08 * 22 = 1.76 kN/m2

Total laod = 13.76 kN/m2

Dead load bending moment = 13.76 * 6.42 / 8 = 70.4 kNm

3.2 Live load bending moment

The bending moment will be maximum for IRC Class AA-tracked vehicle and hence computations

will be made for this class of loading. Impact factor of class AA-tracked vehicle is 25 % for 5 m

span decreasing linearly to 10 % for 9 m span.

For 6.4 m span:

Impact factor = 19.7 %

The tracked vehicle is placed symmetrically on the span.

Effective length of load = [3.6 +2(0.5+0.08)] = 4.76 m (Refer Fig 1)

Effective width of slab, perpendicular to span is expressed as:

be = k.x {1 – (x/L)} + bw

Referring to Fig 2

x = 3.2 m, L= 6.4 m, B = 8.7 m , [B/L] = 1.36

bw = (0.85 + 2 * 0.08) = 1.01 m

bw is the length of load due to width of tyre at the bottom of wearing coat.

From table 20.1, for [B/L] = 1.36, simply supported slabs, k= 2.77
be = 2.77 * 3.2 [ 1 – 0.5] + 1.01 = 5.442 m

The tracked vehicle is placed close to the kerb with the required minimum clearance as shown in

Fig 3a.
Net effective width of dispersion = 6.996 m

Total load of two tracks with impact = 700 * 1.197 = 838 kN.

Average intensity of load = 838 / (4.76 * 6.996) = 25.17kN/m2 (Refer Fig 3b)

Maximum bending moment due to live load is given by:

Mmax = { }-{ * } = 120.36 kNm

Total design bending moment = 120.36 + 70.4 = 191 kNm

Step 4: Shear due to class AA tracked vehicle

For maximum shear at support, the IRC Class AA tracked vehicle is arranged as shown in Fig 4

Effective width of dispersion is given by

be = k.x{1 – (x/L)} + bw

where, x =2.38m, [B/L] = 1.36

B=8.7, L= 6.4m, k=2.77, bw = 1.01m

be = 2.77 * 2.38 {1- (2.38/6.4)}+1.01 = 5.16 m

Width of dispersion = [2.225 + 2.050 + (5.160/2)] = 6.855 m Refer Fig 3c

 w= = 25.68 kn/m2

Shear Force VA = = 76.80 kN

Dead load shear = = 43.75 kN

Total design shear = 76.80 + 43.75 = 121 kN

Step 5: Design of deck slab

Effective depth required is computed as:

d= √

M = 191 * 106 , Q = 1.1, b=1000

d = 417 mm

Effective depth provided = 447.5

Ast =

M = 191 * 106 , st =200, j = 0.90, d = 447.5

Ast = 2371.198 mm2

Spacing of 25 mm dia bars =

Provide 25 mm diameter bars at 200 mm centes.

Bending moment for distribution reinforcement is:

B.M. = (0.3 ML + 0.2 Md) = 50.2 kNm

Using 12 mm dia bars,

Effective depth = 447.5 – (12.5 +6) = 429 mm

Ast =

Here, d=429 mm

Ast = 650.09 mm2

Spacing of 12 mm diameter bars = = 173.846 mm

Provide 12 mm dia bars at 150 mm centers.

Step 6: Check for shear stress

For slabs, τ shall not exceed half of the value of τmax. clause 304.7.1.2 (IRC 21-2000)

Max shear stress for M25 is 1.9 Mpa

So, τ should not exceed 0.95 Mpa

Clause 304.7.1.3, τ = k τc

From Table 12C, IRC 21-2000

k = 1.00

τc should be determined by Table 12B, IRC 21-2000

Assuming longitudinal reinforcement of 25 mm dia bars spaced at 400 mm centers at support

section (alternate bars bent up), we have

As = 1227.5 mm2

100 * 1227.5 / (1000 * 447.5) = 0.27, corresponding value for τc is 0.24 Mpa

τ = 1 * 0.24 = 0.24 MPa

Since, τ is less than τmax, the shear stresses are within the safe permissible limits.

The details of reinforcement in slab are shown in Fig 5.