Comparative analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna and observe effect of changing

parameter at 5.4GHz
Luqman Hakimi bin Abdul Rahman (B071610417), Mohammed Zhafran bin Mohammed Noor
(B071610049), Nabil Fikri bin Rusmadi (B071610810),

1.0 Introduction The electric field at the centre of the patch is the
maximum and minimum on the different side.
An antenna is an amplifier which transforms
The instantaneous phase of the applied signal is
regions of radio frequency (RF) to alternate
always change due to the minimum and
current or vice versa. The antenna will keep the
maximum. Besides that, there are many
same characteristic for transmitting and
technique that can be used to increase the gain,
receiving. They are mostly used in cellular,
feeding technique, line feeding and using
mobile and satellite communications networks.
various optimization methods.
The micro strip antenna signifies an antenna
manufactured on a PCB that used micro strip 2.0 Objective
methods. Many other micro strip antennas have
There are a few objectives that can be achieved
a two-dimensional range of various patches.
in this research. For example:
The antenna is generally linked via film micro
strip transmitting lines to the transmitter or i. To understand the operation theory
receiver. of Microstrip Patch Antenna.
ii. To understand the method of feed
To meet the best requirement, the microstrip
technique for Microstrip Patch
patch antenna needs to design based on certain
Antenna.
measurement. The facts that the microstrip have
iii. To understand the method of
a characteristic of low gain and narrow
analysis for Microstrip Patch
bandwidth. Many methods have been proposed
Antenna.
in order to solve the limitations of narrow
iv. Design and implementation of
impedance bandwidth and low gain.
Microstrip Patch Antenna circuit
on ADS Software.

3.0 Methodology

These three different technique for the design of

a rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna.

3.1 Microstrip Line Feed

Figure 1: Microstrip antenna patch
One of the easiest techniques to manufacture is
Microstrip line feeding, which is a single able
to conduct strip linking the patch, and can thus
be regarded as a patch expansion. The control
of the octagonal position is straightforward to
design and convenient to replicate. The (a) Line Calculation
drawback of this technique, however, is that
Line calculation for Patch in relations of length
with increasing substratum diameter,
L, Width W, Height H, and physical appearance
superficial wave and fake feed radiation rise,
impedance Z0 at middle frequency 5.4GHz
thereby limiting their bandwidth. The input cut
could calculate use the calculation.
throughout the patch is intended to suit the
impedance of the coax cable to the The first design was done manually to generate
patch, without having to have any other a hard design to start experiments. As
perfectly matched component. The correct mentioned below, the equations come from:
control of the place of the insert can accomplish
this. This would be a simple feeding scheme
because it makes the surface plane simple to
use.

Figure 3.1: Antenna top view and conceptual

design layout of Microstrip Antenna

3.2 Method for Analysis (Micro strip

Patch antenna)

The rectangular patch antenna of the 3.3 Design of Antenna Using Advanced
rectangular micro strip transmission system is Design System (ADS)
about half of wavelength long segment. If air is
the substratum of the antenna. The antenna's
size reduces as the roughly similar dilectric
continuous of the substratum rises as the
dielectric antenna loads as its substratum. A
significantly shorter resonance of the antenna
happen when the expanded electrical called
fringing fields that also slightly raise the Figure 3.2: The ADS software use to design
antenna's electrical size. Transmission design the antenna
and cavity design are the straightforward
For design the antenna it has been use
analysis modelling methods.
Advanced Design System (ADS) software.
(ADS) is a Keysight EEsof EDA electronical
Model Technology system. ADS offers a
model environment for RF electronics
developers including such mobile devices,
satellites, radar systems and high-speed data
connection. The program also offers a full
layout setting.

There are type of parameter that have been use

for making this antenna which is:
Figure 4.2
 Frequency operation (fo): For
the chosen resonant frequency is 5.4
GHz for the model.
 Dielectric constant of the substrate:
For dielectric equipment for layout is
chosen (2.22, 4.84, 9.6, 10.5)
 Height for dielectric substrate is chosen
for 2 mm.

4.0 Results & Simulations

Figure 4.3

In the fig (4.3 and 4.4) above, S11 is -17db

,VSWR is 1.316 and Z is (.752 + 0.001) ohm at
the frequency 5.434 GHz.

Figure 4.1: The Patch antenna schematic on Table 1

ADS software Antenna ϵr L/W in mm H S11 in VSWR
in dB
mm
1 2.23 19.12/21.88 2 17.304 1.316
2 4.84 13.62/16.25 2 9.028 2.094
3 9.6 9.17/11.94 2 8.349 3.226
4 10.5 8.57/11.58 2 5.774 3.119
Simulated parameter S11 ,VSWR ,Smith chart 6.0 Conclusion
or impedance matching Zl / Z0 and phase plot
In the paper, by applying the basic design
for _r =2.23 with height H= 2.78mm.
methodology with observing changing of effect
parameter at 5.4GHz.The operation theory of
Microstrip Patch Antenna was understood and
studied to master the method of analysis for the
parameter of the design. It has been found in the
implementation of Microstrip Patch Antenna
circuit on ADS software. This proposed system,
Comparative analysis of Microstrip Patch
Antenna and observe effect of changing
parameter at 5.4GHz has been obtained and
analysed.
Figure 4.4
References

1. Singh, G., 2012. Comparative analysis

of microstrip patch antenna with
different feeding techniques.
International Journal of Computer
Applications® (IJCA), 18–22.
2. Chauhan, B., 2013. Comparative
analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna
using different substrates and observe
effect of changing parameter at 5 . 4

Figure 4.5 GHz, 2013 (Cac2s), 729–733.

3.
Figure above (4.4 and 4.5) shows , S11 is -
33.825 db at center frequency 5.44GHz ,VSWR
is 1.042 and impedance matching Z is (0.957-
j0.005 ) ohm has been observed at frequency
Khan, A., & Nema, R. (2012). Analysis of
Five Different Dielectric Substrates on
Microstrip Patch Antenna. International
Journal of Computer Applications, 55(14),
40–47. https://doi.org/10.5120/8826-2905

centered around 5.4GHz, which is used for 4. Afridi, M. A. (2015). Microstrip Patch

WLAN application. Antenna − Designing at 2.4 GHz

Frequency. Biological and Chemical
5.0 Discussion Research, 2015, 128–132.
5. Khraisat, Y. S. H. (2012). Design of 4
elements rectangular microstrip patch
antenna with high gain for 2.4 GHz
applications. Modern Applied Science,
6(1),68–74.