ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY

(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

Name: Date Started: 10A July 22, 2017

10B July 23, 2017
10C July 23, 2017
Year and Section: Date Submitted:

Remarks: Time Frame: August 22 to September 1, 2017

Overview:

What is a power supply?

 is an internal hardware component that supplies components in a circuit with power.

The power supply converts a 110-115 or 220-230 volt alternating current (AC) into a steady
low-voltage direct current (DC) usable by the computer and rated by the number of watts it
generates.

 is a component that supplies power to at least one electric load. Typically, it converts one
type of electrical power to another, but it may also convert a different form of energy - such
as solar, mechanical, or chemical - into electrical energy. A power supply provides
components with electric power.

Different Types Power Supplies

 There are three major kinds of power supplies: unregulated, linear regulated, and
switching. A fourth type of power supply circuit called the ripple-regulated, is a hybrid
between the “brute force” and “switching” designs, and merits a subsection to itself.

Unregulated Power Supplies

Unregulated power supplies are designed to produce a certain voltage at a
particular current. That is, to use the fancy electrical terms again, unregulated power
supplies provide a constant amount of power (voltage x current). The output voltage will
decrease as the output current increases, and vice versa; thus, an unregulated power
supply should always be matched as closely as possible to the voltage and current
requirements of the device it is powering.
Unregulated power supplies by their nature do not produce a clean (i.e. constant)
voltage. Without a regulator to stabilize the output voltage, any change in input voltage
will be reflected on the output voltage. These small changes in the output voltage are
called “ripple voltage” and are, essentially, electrical noise. If the power supply and load
requirements are closely matched, there is usually not a problem. However, if the ripple
voltage is large enough in relation to the output voltage, it will impact the behavior of
circuits and devices.
To reduce the impact of ripple voltage, a filter capacitor can be placed across the
positive and negative outputs of the power supply. The capacitor, which resists changes
to voltage, will act like a regulator, smoothing the output voltage and allowing for normal
operation.
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

Regulated Power Supplies

Regulated power supplies have voltage regulators on their output. The regulator
ensures the output voltage will always stay at the rated value of the power supply,
regardless of the current that the device is consuming. This works as long as the device
is not drawing more than the rated output current of the power supply. In fancy electrical
terms, a regulated power supply provides a constant output voltage, independent of the
output current. A regulated power supply with multiple regulators can offer multiple
output voltages for operating different devices.

Switching

A switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is an electronic circuit that converts

power using switching devices that are turned on and off at high frequencies, and
storage components such as inductors or capacitors to supply power when the
switching device is in its non-conduction state.
Switching power supplies have high efficiencies and are widely used in a variety of
electronic equipment, including computers and other sensitive equipment requiring
stable and efficient power supply.
A switched-mode power supply is also known as a switch-mode power supply or
switching-mode power supply.

Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC)

(Watch the video about AC and DC to help you understand the concept of AC and DC)

In direct current (DC), the electric charge (current) only flows in one direction.
Electric charge in alternating current (AC), on the other hand, changes direction
periodically. The voltage in AC circuits also periodically reverses because the
current changes direction.
Most of the digital electronics that you build will use DC. However, it is important
to understand some AC concepts. Most homes are wired for AC, so if you plan to
connect your appliances to an outlet, you will need to convert AC to DC. AC also
has some useful properties, such as being able to convert voltage levels with a
single component (a transformer), which is why AC was chosen as the primary
means to transmit electricity over long distances.

BUILDING YOUR OWN POWER SUPPLY

Making your own power supply is one of the activities that you’ll do in electronics. There
are a few basic skills that you have to learn.

1. You need to be familiar with the schematic symbols. (refer to your assignment)
2. How to read a schematic diagram. (watch the video on reading schematic diagrams)
3. Make a PCB layout (use PCB designer 1.54)
4. Etch a PCB (watch the video on how to etch a PCB)
5. Soldering
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

AN EXAMPLE OF A COMPONENT LAYOUT, PCB LAYOUT with SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

(for more details watch the video on HOW TO READ A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM)
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

Name: Date Started:

Year and Section: Date Submitted:

I. Test the schematic diagram on your breadboard.

12

Materials

1 Transformer 220 VAC primary 0 to 12 VAC Secondary (multitap)

1 SPST Switch
1 1 Ampere fuse with holder

1pc LED (Yellow)

1pc 4.7K Ohm Resistor
4pcs Diode (1N4001)
1pc 2200uf 16 volts Capacitor
3 pcs .1 uf 50 volts Capacitor
2 pcs 10 uf 16 volts Capacitor

1pc 7805 Regulator

1pc 7812 Regulator

Place or Paste the picture of the breadboard here

Please write the name of the owner on top of the breadboard and should be one of the pair that will make the
power supply.
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

12

II. Measure the voltages in the following points.

Choose the correct range on your multimeter to measure the following points
Place the red probe on the red dot and the black probe on the black dot on each of
the points.

COLOR CODE GUIDE POINTS TO BE MEASURED FINDINGS

ORANGE POINT 1 (AC)

BLUE POINT 2(DC)

RED POINT 3(DC)

VIOLET POINT 4(DC)

YELLOW POINT 5(DC)

GREEN POINT 6(DC)

III. Use PCB Designer 1.54

(Attach the printed layout from the software)

IV. Use fritzing to create a pcb component layout

(Attach the printed component layout here)

 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

12

Materials

1 Transformer 220 VAC primary 0 to 12 VAC Secondary (multitap)

AC Cord
1 SPST Switch
1 1 Ampere fuse with holder

1pc LED (Green)

1pc 1 K Ohm Resistor
1pc 220 Ohm Resistor
1pc 5 K Ohm Variable Resistor

4pcs Diode (1N4001)

1pc Diode (1N4007)
1pc 2200uf 16 volts Capacitor
1pc .1 uf 50 volts Capacitor
1pcs 1uf 16 volts Capacitor

1pc LM317 Regulator

Place or Paste the picture of the breadboard here

Please write the name of the owner on top of the breadboard and should be one of the pair that will make the
power supply.
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

12

I. Measure the voltages in the following points.

Choose the correct range on your multimeter to measure the following points
Place the red probe on the red dot and the black probe on the black dot on each of
the points.
COLOR CODE GUIDE POINTS TO BE MEASURED FINDINGS

ORANGE POINT 1 (AC)

BLUE POINT 2 (DC)

RED POINT 3 (DC)

VIOLET POINT 4 (DC)

POINT 4 (DC)
VIOLET Adjust the variable resistor half
way to the right

POINT 4 (DC)
Adjust the variable resistor all
VIOLET
the way to the right

II. Use PCB Designer 1.54

(Attach the printed layout from the software)

III. Use fritzing to create a pcb component layout

(Attach the printed component layout here)

 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

Name: Date Started:

Year and Section: Date Submitted:

12

12

I. Analyze the two schematic diagrams above and merge the two schematic
diagrams to lessen the needed electronic components.

Using the fritzing software draw your modified schematic diagrams here.
 ELECTRONICS PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
(Electronics10 – A, B, and C)
SECOND QUARTER

(Performance Task no. 1, 2, 3)

Mount the components onto your breadboard and Place or Paste the picture of the
breadboard here.

Please write the name of the owner on top of the breadboard and should be one of the pair that will make the
power supply.

Test the circuit

TTT

II. Use PCB Designer 1.54

(Attach the printed layout from the software)

III. State and Document the etching process by taking pictures of your activity.

 References that may help you complete the activity.


Making of PCBs at home, DIY using inexpensive materials
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mv7Y0A9YeUc
01 Reading an Analog Meter
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rGDx92McTY
How To: How to Solder Properly
o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0At9NZwrqk