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Contents
Contents
Contents............................................................................................................... ii
Pre-installation Requirements ........................................................................ 1-2
Gas Requirements............................................................................................ 1-3
Gas Purity ........................................................................................................ 1-3
Physical Requirements.................................................................................... 1-4
Electrical Requirements .................................................................................. 1-5
Recording Important Numbers ....................................................................... 1-6
Installing the Hardware.................................................................................... 2-2
Introduction ...................................................................................................... 2-2
Cabling (General) ............................................................................................ 2-2
Connecting the gases ...................................................................................... 2-3
Column Installation .......................................................................................... 2-3
Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3-2
PAC RGA 1058 Separation Range.................................................................. 3-2
Configuration.................................................................................................... 3-3
Sequence of Analysis ...................................................................................... 3-6
Front channel (FID).......................................................................................... 3-6
TCD 2B channel .............................................................................................. 3-7
TCD 3C channel .............................................................................................. 3-8
Separation overview ........................................................................................ 3-9
Refinery Gas Analysis ..................................................................................... 3-9
Front (FID) Channel # 1............................................................................... 3-9
TCD Channel # 2 ......................................................................................... 3-9
Back (TCD) Channel # 3.............................................................................. 3-9
LPG analysis.................................................................................................. 3-11
Special Calculations ...................................................................................... 3-13
Operation ........................................................................................................ 3-14
Calibration....................................................................................................... 3-15
Calibration Procedure .................................................................................... 3-15
Method description ........................................................................................ 3-16
Spare parts kit and consumables kit PAC Fast RGA .................................. 3-17
Only very low ppm levels (≤0.5 ppm) of oxygen and total hydrocarbons should be
present in the gas supplies. Oil-pumped air supplies are not recommended
because they may contain large amounts of hydrocarbons. The addition of high-
quality moisture, hydrocarbon, and oxygen traps immediately after the main tank
pressure is highly recommended. Refer to the section "Gas Plumbing" of the
Agilent GC Site Preparation and Installation Manual for more information on
using traps.
Table 1-1. Gas Purity Recommendations
Carrier Gases
Gas type Helium Hydrogen Nitrogen
Pre- 6 bar 6 bar 5 bar
pressure 90 psi 90 psi 75 psi
Percent 99.995% 99.995% 99.995%
purity
Note It is preferred not to combine the air for valve switching with the air for the FID.
• Height - Approximately 0.8 meters (2 feet 8 inches) for the complete system.
WARNING THE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH WILL VENT HOT OVEN AIR FROM THE REAR
OF THE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH WHEN THE OVEN IS COOLING DOWN TO
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE. ENSURE NOTHING IS PLACED BEHIND THE
GAS CHROMATOGRAPH THAT MAY CONTACT THE HOT EXHAUST AIR.
PAC MANUFACTURES AN ALUMINUM "OVEN EXHAUST DEFLECTOR"
THAT DEFLECTS THE EXHAUST AIR UP, AWAY FROM THE REAR OF THE
GAS CHROMATOGRAPH. THIS DEVICE EASILY AND QUICKLY ATTACHES
TO THE REAR OF THE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR
LOCAL PAC OFFICE SHOULD YOU DESIRE TO INSTALL THIS DEVICE.
For North America and geographical areas that use 110 - 120 VAC :
• Gas chromatograph: 110 - 120 VAC, 20 Amp grounded service. Please refer
to the Agilent manual for additional information if required.
For Europe and geographical areas that use 220 - 240 VAC :
• Gas chromatograph: 220 - 240 VAC, 16 Amp grounded service. Please refer
to the Agilent manual for additional information if required.
Note Do not turn on the oven until all electrical and gas connections have been
completed and checked for correctness and leaks.
Take a few minutes now to fill in the empty boxes above. The revision code is
found on the diskettes or CD-ROM. The license numbers are found on the
documentation shipped with the software.
Cabling (General)
The Agilent GC communicates electronically with other instruments through
cables. Refer to the section “Connecting Cables” of the Site Preparation and
Installation Manual of the GC.
• The Agilent 7890 Series GC is connected to the computer through LAN
Printer Computer
Hi speed RGA
7890
Mouse
1 - LAN interface PC - GC
Figure 2-1 Cabling configuration for the Agilent 7890 Series GC.
2 Connect the instrument Air en FID Air (separate supply of the instrument air is
recommended)
3 Open the gas supplies and check the connections for leaks.
FID Air
Hydrogen
Aux 3
Aux 1
Aux 2
He He N2 N2
Nitrogen
Helium
Instrument Air
Column Installation
AC Refinery Gas Analyzers come with pre-installed and checked-out columns.
WARNING TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE ITEMS (GAS CYLINDERS, CHEMICALS,
REGULATORS, ETC) SHOULD NOT BE LOCATED IN THE PATH OF THE HEATED
EXHAUST. ALSO, EXERCISE CARE WORKING AT THE REAR OF THE
INSTRUMENT DURING COOL-DOWN CYCLES TO PREVENT POSSIBLE BURNS.
Please refer to the appropriate chapter in the Agilent GC manual for correct
installation of the capillary column.
The PAC RGA 1058 determines hydrocarbons from C1 up to C5+, carbon dioxide,
carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, helium, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide. The
dedicated software controls all events within the system, performs calibration, and
reports the calculated physical properties and the individual component concentrations
of the refinery gas streams.
The next figures illustrate the flow diagram, column positions, sequence of analysis,
chromatogram, data base and the report for the PAC RGA 1058. The tables show the
description and part numbers for the columns, the valves used in the instrument, the GC
method set points and the runtime table for the PAC RGA 1058.
off/on
Gas
Sample in
N2 (Aux 3) V1
Column 1 Column 5
2 1 2 1
10 10
3 9 3 9
4 8
FID 4 8
PCM A-1 H2
5
6
7 1A 5
6
7
V2 V3
Column 2 TCD
2B
TCD
V4 V5 3C
Column 3 Column 6
Sample out 2 1 1
10
3
NV 2 6
9
Column 6
He (Aux 1) 4 8 Vent bypass 3 5
5 7 Helium
6 He (Aux 2) 4
Column 4
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
Column 4
Column 5
Column 6
Figure 3-2 The PAC RGA 1058 column positions in the GC oven.
Table 3-1 Columns for the RGA 1058 Configuration
The length of these columns is nominal. The columns are conditioned and tuned at the
factory to give the required separation and timing. All columns should be conditioned in
the system at 110°C except for column 6.
Note Valve 1 is configured as a gas sampling valve and the on/off settings are also in the
runtable. This allows the user to start the analysis both from the data system (run
method) as well as from the start button on the display of the GC.
FID 1A Channel
Standby
FID
PCM A-1 H 2 Column 2 Column 1
1A
FID
PCM A-1 H 2 Column 1 Column 2 1A
FID
PCM A-1 H 2 Column 2 Column 1
1A
TCD 2B Channel
Standby
TCD
Aux 3 (N2) Column 5
2B
TCD
Aux 3 (N2) Column 5
2B
TCD
Aux 3 (N2) Column 5 2B
TCD 3C Channel
Standby
TCD
Aux 1 Column 4 Column 6
3C
Sample loop
Aux 1 TCD
Column 3 Column 4 Column 6
3C
Aux 2 Vent He
TCD
Aux 1 Column 4 Column 6
3C
Aux 1 TCD
Column 4 Column 6
3C
The sample is introduced into the system using a sample loop that can be switched into
the flow using valve 2. The hydrocarbons are separated on column 1, back flushing
C5=/C6+ while the hydrocarbons C1 to C5 are separated on the second column. Ethane
and Ethylene co-elute and are therefore quantified on the TCD channel 3. Methane is
also quantified on this TCD.
TCD Channel # 2
The second channel consists of one ten-port valve and one column (column 5). The
carrier gas is Nitrogen, and a constant pressure regulator (Aux 3) controls the flow.
After the sample has been introduced into the system by switching valve 3 on, the
helium and hydrogen are separated on column 5. After the elution of hydrogen, the
heavier components are back flushed by switching valve 3 off again.
The sample will be introduced into the system by switching valve 4 on. Oxygen,
nitrogen, methane and carbon monoxide quickly pass column 3 and 4 and are trapped on
the Molsieve column by switching valve 5 on.
The C2 gases, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide elute from column 3 to column 4.
Just before the elution of the Propane, valve 4 is switched off, thereby back flushing all
remaining components from column 3 to vent. In the meantime the C2 components,
hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are separated on column 4 and are detected by
TCD.
After the elution of Hydrogen sulfide from column 4, column 6 is put in flow again
(valve 5 off) and the permanent gases are separated and finally detected on TCD.
The next figures illustrate the chromatograms of the RGA 1058 analysis. All three
channels are operated simultaneously, yielding three chromatograms and one combined
report.
Note Methane and Ethane/Ethylene are not calibrated on the FID. Acetylene is not calibrated
on the TCD.
pA
FID 1A signal
3.643 - Propane
2.606 - Ethane /Ethylene *
2.128 - Methane *
5.433 - iso-Butane
5000
1.522 - C5=/C6+
6.527 - n-Butane
4000
4.172 - Propylene
10.350 - 1,3-Butadiene
8.803 - t-2-Butene
3000
7.565 - 1-Butene
7.922 - iso-Butylene
3.966 - Acetylene
6.015 - Propadiene
9.389 - c-2-Butene
2000
11.870 - i-Pentane
14.605 - n-Pentane
1000
25 µV
TCD 2B signal
0.660 - Hydrogen
300
200
100
-100
-200
-300
-400
-500
14.925 - Nitrogen
TCD 3C signal
1750
1500
1250
1000
3.787 - Carbondioxide
18.525 - Carbonmonoxide
750
16.754 - Methane
5.228 - Ethylene
7.989 - Acetylene *
14.044 - Oxygen
500
250
LPG analysis
Optionally, the PAC RGA 1058 can be configured with a Liquid Sampling Valve
(LSV) for LPG analysis. The LSV allows the user to reproducibly introduce liquefied
samples (LPG) into the refinery gas analyzer, for the analysis of hydrocarbons only.
In that case, the liquid sampling valve is located in a left-hand side compartment of the
chromatograph and is actuated by an air actuator that is controlled by valve 6. See flow
diagram below.
The LPG sample is injected through the liquid sampling valve and enters the packed pre
column. The sample quickly passes on to the analysis column, where the LPG is
separated in an isothermal oven run. No back flush is used for LPG analysis.
w C V2 V3
0.06 µl Column 2 TCD
2B
V6
TCD
Liquid V4 V5 3C
Sample Out
Column 3 Column 6
Sample out 2 1 1
10
3
NV 2 6
9
Column 6
He (Aux 1) 4 8 Vent bypass 3 5
5 7 Helium
6 He (Aux 2) 4
Column 4
Figure 3-7 The PAC RGA 1058 configured with a liquid sampling valve
FID 1A signal
5.415 - IsoButane
6.582 - n-Butane
3.633 - Propane
12.306 - IsoPentane
15.357 - n- Pentane
2.587 - Ethane
Compressibility of mixture
Ideal calorific value on molar basis (inferior and superior)
Ideal calorific value on mass basis (inferior and superior)
Ideal calorific value on volume basis (inferior and superior)
Real calorific value on volume basis (inferior and superior)
Ideal wobbe index (superior)
Real wobbe index (superior)
Density
Relative Density of LPG
Vapor Pressure of LPG
Gasxlnc software can be used to reduce operator involvement. The software contains a
standard data base for components. A user-friendly edit mode allows authorized users to
edit the data base. The software includes several standard report formats, and you can
create customized reports easily.
The AC RGA 1058 uses the Gasxlnc fully integrated with the data system in a Microsoft
Windows environment to control all GC functions. This integrated software package
automates all aspects of the calibration, calculation and customized reporting.
Note The calculations of the RGA method are based on a temperature of 288.15 K and a
pressure of 101,325 Pa. Contact PAC if calculations are required for a different
temperature.
For the RGA 1058 application, the following methods are supplied:
FASTRGA—a GC method for the Agilent 7890 Series GC
LPG—a GC method for the Agilent 6890N Series GC equipped with LSV
FASTRGA6890—a GC method for the Agilent 6890N Series GC
It is recommended that you perform calibrations on a regular basis. The system consists
of three detectors, one FID and two TCDs. The absolute response factors for each
detector are determined with calibration standards.
Note Because the PAC GAS XLNC operates on mole percentages, the concentrations must be
specified in mole %.
Warning The concentration of the calibration components must be within a 10% window of the
concentration of same components in the samples to be analyzed. A good practice is too
bracket your sample with a multilevel calibration using calibration concentrations just
below and above the final concentration of the sample components.
Calibration Procedure
1 Create a calibration set for your calibration gases
2 Use Gas XLNC to inject the calibration gas containing all compounds on both channels.
Note Set the sequence event for the first calibration analysis to “Start new calibration”.
3 Perform more calibration runs if you wish to average the response factors.
4 Use the calibration browser to view the calibration points in a plot and to discard
analyses that are faulty.
*Times will be fine-tuned and included with checkout documentation for each gas analyzer.