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OBJECTIVE
Air 3% - 4% <10%
Sea or
Canal 50% <1%
Uses of Radioactive Materials
Industry & Nuclear Energy
Agriculture
Medicine &
Research
1st Published Regulation - RULES AND REGULATIONS ON
THE SAFE TRANSPORT OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
IN THE PHILIPPINES
• I A EA S S R - 6 , Re g u l at i o n s fo r t h e S a fe
Transport of Radioactive Material – 2012
edition
The Objective of the
Transport Regulations
• Radiation Protection
• Management System
• Emergency Response
• Special Arrangement
General Provisions …(cont’d)
Radiation Protection:
Quality Assurance:
• Quality assurance programmes of controls
and inspection applied by any organization
of body aimed at providing adequate
confidence that the standard of safety
should be established & maintained
General Provisions …(cont’d)
Management System:
The manufacturer, consignor and consignee shall be
prepared:
• To provide facilities for inspection during
manufacture and use; and
• To demonstrate compliance with this Part to PNRI.
Special Arrangement:
• This can be made with the Competent Authority
before RAM material can be transported
Control of Radiation Hazard
+ =
RADIOACTIVE
CONTENTS PACKAGE
PACKAGING
Type B(U)
Un- Excepted Type A Type C
IP-1 IP-2 IP-3 Type B(M)
packaged Package Package Package
Packages
Routine X X X X X X X X
(incident free)
Normal X X X X X
(minor mishaps))
Accident X X
(severe accidents)
Overview of Package
Requirements and Contents
Eight Basic Package Types for
Radioactive Material
• Excepted Package
• Industrial Package
- Type 1
- Type 2
- Type 3
• Type A Package
• Type B(U) Package
• Type B(M) Package
• Type C Package
Type A and Type B Package
• Type A Package is a package, overpack or freight
container wherein the activity of the radioactive
content shall not be greater than A1 for special form
radioactive material; or A2 for all other radioactive
material
These lead to
Selecting a package design from
various package design options
“Material Type”
Material type includes the properties or
characteristics of the radioactive material
which may affect package restrictions
Examples include:
• Radioactive material not in Special Form
• Radioactive material in Special Form (either an
indispersible
• Qualified LSA (low specific activity) or qualified
SCO (surface contaminated objects)
“Content Limit”
Content limit is the activity limit of the
radioactive material contents of a package
imposed by the Regulations
Examples include:
• “Limited quantities”
• A1 or A2
• Through unpackaged material dose rate limitation, such
as for LSA/SCO
• As specified in Competent Authority approval certificate of
Package Design
Examples include:
• Package surface dose rates
• Exclusive Use
• Conveyance restrictions
• Prohibition of carriage by air of
certain types of packages
Quantities of Radioactive Material
less than or equal to A1 or A2
Performance criteria
- Water spray
- Free drop
- Stacking
- Penetration
Additional tests
- Liquids & gases
¶ 646, 648-649
Type B(U) & B(M) Packages have Severe
Testing Requirements
• Type A Package Tests
• Type B Package Tests:
- Mechanical drop tests
- Thermal test
- Water immersion test
• Additional Test
- Contents >105 A2
• enhanced water
immersion test
¶ 655-657, 659-660
Controls and Communications
Remember!!
• The consignor is primarily responsible for
the package from dispatch until delivery
• Compliant preparation of the package is the
key to safe transport of radioactive material
• As a result, the primary responsibility for
safety is placed on the consignor
• However, carrier still has responsibilities
The Control of Packages
• Key Controls for Hazard Management
- Transport index
- Radiation dose rate limits
- Contamination limits
- Activity limits
- Use of exclusive use shipments
- Separation & segregation
Transport Index (TI) is the Key to Control
over Radiation Exposure
The Transport Index is a single
number assigned to a package,
o v e r p a c k , ta n k , o r f r e i g ht
container or to unpackaged
LSA-I or SCO-I, used to provide
control over radiation exposure
II-Yellow and
III-Yellow
Labels
¶ 243
Determining Transport Index
• Determination of TI
1. Maximum radiation level in mSv/h at 1m (RL1m)
2. Multiply value determined by 100
3. Resulting number is the TI
UN 2910
Refer to Section 32 “Marking, Labeling and Placarding” of CPR Part 4
General Marking Requirements for all
Radioactive Material Packages
• Name or address of
Consignee/Consignor
AL
SE
To: Arnel Palermo
• Proper shipping name Radioactive
Material, Type A
• UN Number Package
UN 2915
55 kg
• Gross mass (if >50 kg)
• Package identification
General Requirements for Application
of Package Markings
• Durable
• Legible
• Visible
• Contrasting background
• Recommended size:
- 12.5 mm for light weight
packages (i.e., up to a few
hundred kg)
- 65 mm for large packages
¶ 534-538
TS-G-1.1, ¶ 536.2
Labeling
• Consignor responsibility
- Selecting label
- Entering data on labels
- Applying labels
• Types of Labels FISSILE
0.7
Radioactive Material,
- affixed on two opposite sides Type A Package
UN 2915
of the outside of a: 55 kg
• package
Cs-137, Sr-90
65 MBq
0.7
• overpack
- affixed on all four sides of a:
• freight container
• tank Cs-137, Sr-90
65 MBq
markings
Other Labeling Requirements
• Non-applicable Labels
• All labels not relating to the
package content must be
removed
Empty Packaging
When an empty
packaging that
previously contained
radioactive material is
transported as an
excepted package, the
previously displayed
labels shall not be visible.
Placarding
Radioactive material placards apply to:
- Large freight containers
- Tanks
- Rail and road vehicles carrying packages,
overpacks or freight containers (other than
excepted packages)
- Rail and road vehicles carrying consignments
under exclusive use
- Unpackaged LSA Material or SCO consignments
in or on a vehicle
Configuration of Radioactive
Material Placards
Enlarged Labels
OR
★★★★
Refer to Figure 7. of Section 32 “Marking, Labeling and Placarding” of CPR Part 4
Examples of UN Numbers
TABLE VIII.VIII.EXCERPTS
TABLE FROM
EXCERPTS LISTLIST
FROM OF UNITED NATIONS
OF UNITED NUMBERS,
NATIONS NUMBERS,
PROPER SHIPPING
PROPER SHIPPINGNAMES
NAMES AND DESCRIPTIONS,
AND DESCRIPTIONS,SUBISIDIARY RISKS
SUBISIDIARY AND
RISKS AND
THEIR RELATIONSHIPTHEIRTO THE SCHEDULES
RELATIONSHIP TO THE SCHEDULES
Schedule UN PROPER SHIPPING NAMEa Subsidiary
No. and description risk
1 2910 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE
— LIMITED QUANTITY OF MATERIAL
2 2911 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE
— INSTRUMENTS or ARTICLES
3 2909 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE
— ARTICLES MANUFACTURED FROM NATURAL
URANIUM or DEPLETED URANIUM or NATURAL
THORIUM
4 2908 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL, EXCEPTED PACKAGE
— EMPTY PACKAGING
Determining
Where to Place the Placards
• Placement for road and rail vehicles
- Rail vehicle: 2 external lateral walls
- Road vehicle: 2 external lateral walls and external rear
wall
- In the case of vehicles without sides:
• affix directly on cargo carrying unit (must be readily visible)
- In the case of vehicles carrying physically large tanks or
freight containers
• Placard on tank or freight
container sufficient
Vehicle Placards
3 placards on vehicle
Responsibility for Marking,
Labeling and Placarding
CONSIGNOR
Transport Documents
• Describe particulars of the
consignment
• Consignor is responsible
• Requires specific information
in a specified order format
• Concludes with the
Consignor’s Declaration
Consignor’s Declaration is a Vital
Component of the Transport Document
• Made on the same transport document containing
particulars of consignment
• Signed and dated by consignor
• Termed as follows, or equivalent meaning:
I hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are
classified, packed, marked and labeled, and are, in all respects,
in proper condition for the safe transport of RADIOACTIVE
MATERIALS in accordance with PNRI regulations and with
applicable national governmental regulations.
•64
Need for Radioactive Material
Transport Security
• Transport is potentially the most vulnerable phase in the
life cycle of a radioactive material
- occurs in the public domain (not in well-secured fixed
facility)
Control
Measures
Safety Safety / Security
Security
Synergies
Regulatory Infrastructure
Radiation Safety Categorization of Sources
Source Security
•Intrinsic to activity Orphan Source Recovery •Malevolent activity
•Probabilistic analysis Emergency Response Plans •Threat based judgment
Radioactive Waste Management
•Transparency •Confidentiality
Safety engineering and source Design
PNRI Authority To
Transport
Additional requirements (CPR Part 4)
• Consignor’s Declaration
- to be prepared by the Radiation Safety Officer
• Permit to Transport
- required when licensed radioactive materials
are moved or transported
- Fee: P 500.00
• Release Certificate
- Required for release of imported radioactive
material by the Bureau of Customs from any
international ports of entry
Commonly Transported Radioactive Sources
• Industry
- Cesium-137; Am-241:Be contained in
moisture/density gauge
- Krypton-85
- Californium-252
- Strontium-90
- Cobalt-60
- Promethium-147
- Nickel-63
- Americium -241
- Cesium-137
CPR Part 4 “Regulations for the Safe Transport
of Radioactive Materials in the Philippines“
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
CONSIGNEE:
License No.: Address/Tel.No./Telefax/e-mail: RHSO: Address/Tel.No/e-mail:
Consignee's Representative at Destination: LOCATION/ADDRESS OF DESTINATION:
TRANSPORT CONVEYANCE: AIR TRANSPORT: Airline: ETD: ETA: LAND
TRANSPORT:
Company-Owned: Plate No.:
Forwarder: Plate No.: Public Transport: Plate No.:
Rigging: Placards: ETD: ETA: SEA TRANSPORT: Vessel: Stowage:
Rigging: Placards:
PERMIT TO TRANSPORT
This is to certify that the consignor, INDUSTRIAL INSPECTION (INT’L), INC., with an
address located at 2nd Floor MJL Building, #1175 Chino Roces Avenue, Makati City
is a holder of PNRI License No. I13.1910.17 to expire on October 31, 2017 The
consignor is hereby authorized to transport the licensed radioactive material from the
consignor’s address at 30-D Gil Tudtud St., Escaño Subdivision, Mabolo, Cebu
City to La Carlota, Negros Occidental on January 13-20, 2017 in accordance with
CPR Part 4, “Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Materials in the
Philippines”.
Radioactive Material/type/form/activity:
One (1) unit Ir-192 Radiography Sealed Sources with an activity of 591.26 GBq/
SSN: 55140B
_____________________________________
TEOFILO V. LEONIN, JR.
Chief
Nuclear Regulatory Division
Amount Paid:P500.00
PNRI Receipt No.
Date issued.