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4 Reliability test Analyze -> Scale --> Reliability Cronbach alpha (variable & item)
Data Transform items in variable to
5 Transformation Transform --> Compute mean
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1. Descriptive Frequency:
a. SPSS Steps:
b. Output:
2. Cross Tabulation:
a. SPSS Steps:
b. Output:
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The test allows statistical calculation of different demographics:
3. Data Category:
*Pending
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4. Reliability Test:
c. SPSS Steps:
d. Output:
1. Reliability of the “Variable” (Either IV or DV)
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e. Interpretation:
Scale:
0-0.5 Low
0.5-0.6 medium
0.6-1.0 High
f. Report:
Alpha Alpha
Variable Result Item Result Remark
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2
3
X 4
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2
3
Y 4
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5. Data Transformation
a. SPSS Steps:
1. Click Transform Compute Variable
b. Output:
The mean for each IV/DV of that particular respondent will be available:
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c. Interpretation:
2. The mean result should be checked based on the point system of Lykert Scale
1. Data transformation creates the mean/average for variables based on each items
2. It means the mean of respondent N’s answer to questions within a variable
3. The mean shall be evaluated based on the point scale of the Lykert scale system
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6. Correlations
a. SPSS Steps:
1. Click Analyze Bivariate
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b. Output:
c. Interpretation:
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4. The scaling for pearson correlation as below:
Relationship
Value
-1
-0.6 to -1 High POSITIVE
-0.5 to -0.6 Moderate
0 - (-.5) Low
0
0 - (.5) Low
0.5 to 0.6 Moderate NEGATIVE
0.6 to 1 High
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d. Report:
X1 X2 X3 Y
X1 - 0.508 0.514 0.472
X2 - 0.659 0.564
X3 - 0.622
Y -
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7. Regression:
a. SPSS Steps:
1. Click Analyze Regression Linear
b. Output:
The result is based on output given in the modal summary and coefficient table:
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c. Interpretation:
Value Influence
0 - (50%) Low
50% to 60% Moderate
60% to 100% High
5. The output on coefficient table Significant denotes the significance and judged by following
scale:
Value Result
0.05 – 0.001 insignificant
0 significant
-0.05 – (-0.001) non significant
6. Lastly, the outputs allow to develop the equation to represent the research:
Y = a + bX
Y – Dependent Variable
X – Independent Variable
a- Constant
b- Coefficient
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d. Report:
1. Firstly establish the “Adjusted R Square” value for each IV. Then, proceed with multiple IV.
Develop the table as below:
Variable Y Y
X1 21.90%
X2 31.50% 43.70%
X3 38.30%
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8. ANNOVA
a. SPSS Steps:
3. Choose settings:
a. Post-Hoc LSD
b. Options Means Plot
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b. Output:
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c. Interpretation:
1. The table represents the significant difference between independent variables based on scale
below:
Value Meaning
0.05 insignificant
0 significant
-0.05 non significant
2. A value closer to “0” means that there significant difference between the independent variables
on the output.
3. The mean plot illustrates the output in a graphical manner
1. Understanding the significant difference between IV that influences the output allows easier
decision making on choosing the suitable IV.
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9. Forecasting
a. SPSS Steps:
1. Click Analyze Forecasting Create
Models
3. Choose settings:
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b. Output:
c. Interpretation:
1. The result allows predicting the outcome so that appropriate measures can be taken to
minimize the risk of failure to achieve target
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