1)All of the following are part of aprokaryotic cell except A)DNA. B)a cell wall. C)a plasma membrane.

D)ribosomes. E)an endoplasmic reticulum. Answer:E

2.Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following
molecules? A)lipids B)starches C)proteins D)steroids E)glucose Answer:C

3)Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and steroids?
A)ribosome B)lysosome C)smooth endoplasmic reticulum D)mitochondrion E)contractile vacuole

4.Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell? A)rough ER
B)lysosomes C)plasmodesmata D)Golgi vesicles E)tight junctions Answer:A

5.In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular
components. Which of the following organelles functions in this compartmentalization? A)chloroplast
B)lysosome C)central vacuole D)peroxisome E)glyoxysome Answer:B

6.The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is
primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells? A)rough ER B)smooth ER C)Golgi
apparatus D)Nuclear envelope E)Transport vesicles Answer:B

7.Which of the following produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted? A)lysosome
B)vacuole C)mitochondrion D)Golgi apparatus E)peroxisome

Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes? A)lysosome B)vacuole C)mitochondrion D)Golgi
apparatus E)peroxisome Answer:A 8Which of the following is a compartment that often takes up much
of the volume of a plant cell? A)lysosome B)vacuole C)mitochondrion D)Golgi apparatus E)peroxisome
Answer:B 9.Which is one of the main energy transformers of cells? A)lysosome B)vacuole
C)mitochondrion D)Golgi apparatus E)peroxisome

10.Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes? A)lysosome B)vacuole C)mitochondrion
D)Golgi apparatus E)peroxisome Answer:C

11.Grana, thylakoids, and stroma are all components found in A)vacuoles. B)chloroplasts.
C)mitochondria. D)lysosomes. E)nuclei. Answer:B

12.Organelles other than the nucleus that contain DNA include A)ribosomes. B)mitochondria.
C)chloroplasts. D)B and C only E)A, B, and C Answer:D

13.Which of the following are capable of converting light energy to chemical energy? A)chloroplasts
B)mitochondria C)leucoplasts D)peroxisomes E)Golgi bodies Answer:A

14.A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and
mitochondria. It could be a cell from A)a bacterium. B)an animal, but not a plant. C)a plant, but not an
animal. D)a plant or an animal. E)any kind of organism. Answer:D
15.The mitochondrion, like the nucleus, has two or more membrane layers. How is the innermost of
these layers different from that of the nucleus? A)The inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded.
B)The two membranes are biochemically very different. C)The space between the two layers of the
nuclear membrane is larger. D)The inner membrane of the mitochondrion is separated out into
thylakoids. E)The inner mitochondrial

ANSWER A

16.Which of the following contain the 9 +2 arrangement of microtubules? A)cilia B)centrioles C)flagella
D)A and C only E)A, B, and C Answer:D

17.Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is correct?
A)cell wall: support, protection B)chloroplasts: chief sites of cellular respiration C)chromosomes:
cytoskeleton of the nucleus D)ribosomes: secretion E)lysosomes: formation of ATP Answer:B

18.Which statement correctly characterizes bound ribosomes? A)Bound ribosomes are enclosed in their
own membrane. B)Bound and free ribosomes are structurally different. C)Bound ribosomes generally
synthesize membrane proteins and secretory proteins. D)The most common location for bound
ribosomes is the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane. E)All of the above. Answer:C

19.Cells of the pancreas will incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into proteins. This ʺtagging ʺ
of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track their location. In this case, we are tracking an
enzyme secreted by pancreatic cells. What is its most likely pathway? A)ER → Golgi → nucleus B)Golgi →
ER → lysosome C)nucleus → ER → Golgi D)ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane E)ER
→ lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane Answer:D

20.Which structure is common to plant andanimal cells? A)chloroplast B)wall made of cellulose C)central
vacuole D)mitochondrion E)centriole Answer:D

21.Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell? A)mitochondrion B)ribosome C)nuclear

envelope D)chloroplast E)ER Answer:B

Which cell would be best for studying lysosomes? A)muscle cell B)nerve cell C)phagocytic white blood
cell D)leaf cell of a plant E) bacterial cell Answer:C

22.Which structure-function pair is mismatched? A)nucleolus; production of ribosomal subunits

B)lysosome; intracellular digestion C)ribosome; protein synthesis D)Golgi; protein trafficking
E)microtubule; muscle contraction

23.Who proposed that membranes are a phospholipid bilayer between two layers of hydrophilic
proteins? A)H. Davson and J. Danielli B)I. Langmuir C)C. Overton D)S. Singer and G. Nicolson E)E. Gorter
and F. Grendel Answer:A

24.Which of these are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all? A)transmembrane proteins B)integral
proteins C)peripheral proteins D)integrins E)glycoproteins Answer:C
25.Which of these are attached to the extracellular matrix? A)transmembrane proteins B)integral
proteins C)peripheral proteins D)integrins E)glycoproteins Answer:D

26.Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most
rapidly? A)CO2 B)an amino acid C)glucose D)K+ E)starch Answer:A

27.Which of the following statements is correctabout diffusion? A)It is very rapid over long distances. B)It
requires an expenditure of energy by the cell. C)It is a passive process in which molecules move from a
region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. D)It is an active process in which
molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. E)It requires
integral proteins in the cell membrane. Answer:C

28.Water passes quickly through cell membranes because A)the bilayer is hydrophilic. B)it moves
through hydrophobic channels. C)water movement is tied to ATP hydrolysis. D)it is a small, polar, charged
molecule. E)it moves through aquaporins in the membrane. Answer:E

29.Which of the following membrane activities require energy from ATP hydrolysis? A)facilitated
diffusion. B)movement of water into a cell C)Na+ ions moving out of the cell D)movement of glucose
molecules E)movement of water into a paramecium Answer:C

30.White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process? A)exocytosis B)phagocytosis C)pinocytosis
D)osmosis E)receptor-mediated exocytosis

1)What is a genome? A)The complete complement of an organismʹs genes

B)A specific set of polypeptides within each cell
C)A specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers
D)A specific segment of DNA that is found within a prokaryotic chromosome
E)An ordered display of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest

2.At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?
A)Prophase B)metaphase C)Anaphase D)Telophase E)Interphase

3.In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization results in A)spores. B)gametophytes. C)zygotes.
D)sporophytes. E)clones
4.A triploid cell contains three sets of chromosomes. If a cell of a usually diploid species with
42 chromosomes per cell is triploid, this cell would be expected to have which of the following?
A)63 chromosomes in 31 1/2 pairs B)63 chromosomes in 21 sets of 3
C)63 chromosomes, each with three chromatids D)21 chromosome pairs and 21 unique chromosomes

5.How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their
DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?
A)They have twice the amount of cytoplasm and half the amount of DNA.
B)They have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
C)They have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA.
D)They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
E)They have half te amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA

6)A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is A)a sperm. B)an egg. C)a zygote.
D)a somatic cell of a male. E)a somatic cell of a female. Answer

.. 7.Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during A)mitosis.
B)meiosis I. C)meiosis II. D)fertilization. E) binary fission

8.)Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that A)sister chromatids separate during anaphase.

B)DNA replicates before the division. C)the daughter cells are diploid.
D)homologous chromosomes synapse. E)the chromosome number is reduced

9.If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1phase of the cell cycle is x
content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be A)0.25x. B)0.5x. C)x. D)2x. E)4x.

10.Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell? A)glycolysis and fermentation
B)fermentation and chemiosmosis C)oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA D)citric acid cycle
E)oxidative phosphorylation

11.In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of
A)ATP, CO2 B)ATP, CO2 , and ethanol (ethyl alcohol). , and lactate. C)ATP, NADH, and pyruvate.
D)ATP, pyruvate, and oxygen. E)ATP, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA.

12.)One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to

A)reduce NAD+ to NADH. B)reduce FAD+ to FADH2. C)oxidize NADH to NAD+. D)reduce FADH2 to FAD+.
E)none of the above

13.When muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration, they become fatigued and painful. This
is now known to be caused by A) B) buildup of pyruvate. buildup of lactate. C)increase in sodium ions.
D)increase in potassium ions. E)increase in ethanol

14.The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is to

A)yield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the respiratory chain.
B)act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water. C)combine with carbon, forming CO2.
D)combine with lactate, forming pyruvate. E)catalyze the reactions of glycolysis.

15.Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?
A)electron transport B)glycolysis C)the citric acid cycle D)oxidative phosphorylation
E)chemiosmosisAnswer:B