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\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \ul1 Introduction}{\b1
\fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 }{\fs28
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj
\li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
\adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 The china-Pakistan
economic corridor is a massive bilateral project to improve the infrastructure
within the Pakistan for better trade with china and to further integrate the
countries of the
region.the project was envisaged in mid of 2013 and officially launched on April
20,2015.when Chinese president xi jinping and former prime minister of Pakistan
mian Muhammad nawaz Sharif signed 51 agreements and memorandums.}{\fs24
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Originally the
project valued at $46 billion and the value of china-Pakistan economic corridor
project is the worth of $62 billion in 2018.its aims to explore the
economing,infrastructure,energy resources,employment and promotion of the tourism.a
long motorway of 1100km will be build between Karachi and Lahore,while the
karakoram highway will be reconstructed as part of the project,the bus service from
Lahore to kashgar and kashgar to Lahore is also a part of cpec.}{\fs24
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Many countries
like Afghanistan,Russia,Oman and Iran are also taking an interest to invest in the
project for their mutual interests.the announcement of joint space and satellite
initiatives between Pakistan and china is also a part of cpec.}{\fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0
\lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Saudi Arabia and Pakistan
had worked together very closely within the framework of several bilateral,regional
and global forums,including the organization of Islamic co-operation.currently,over
2.5 million Pakistanis are working in kingdom of Saudi Arabia and send remittance
to the tone of roughly between $5 billion to $6 billion.the Saudis provided a grant
of us $10 million during the 2005 earthquake,$170 million during the 2010/11 floods
and a $1.5 billion grant when Pakistan has faced an economic crisis in 2014.of
late,Saudi Arabia has once again came to Pakistan's rescue by promising assistance
of $2 billion to establish a felling economy.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200
\fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have long maintained
a strong strategic relationship.the Saudi relationship is a vast and dynamic web of
cooperation linkages,age-old bonds of friendship.Pakistan has benefited enormously
from Saudi Arabia in the Muslim world through generous financial aid,the supply of
oil on a deferred payment basis and aid during crisis.Saudi Arabia is the biggest
exporter of oil and petroleum products to Pakistan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 The huge investment of package amounting unto
$20 billion signed between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia during the visit of Saudi
crown prince Muhammad bin salman is the largest in the history of Pakistan carries
extra-ordinary significance.this is a huge investment from a third-party in the
construction of cpec,benefiting all parties and creating a win-win situation.for
Pakistan,which is short of the foreign exchange,such as a massive foreign
investment is a windfall. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288
\slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Rapid changes are taking place in the international
arena,both economically and strategically.the world is reclining from uni-polarity
to multipolarity and Pakistan is a key player in this regard due to its Geo-
strategic location.through the investment of Saudi Arabia in cpec it will bring an
advanced technology,management and talents to Pakistan as well as provide energy
and chemich industrial products and create employment opportunities.its aim to
benefit countries and regions at different stages of development and embrace
prosperity,the focus of the obor construction policy co-ordination,facilitate
trade,financial integration and enhancement in people to people bond.}{\fs24
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Pakistani prime
minister Imran khan's visit to Saudi Arabia is a good opportunity to review
Islamabad's vital strategic and security interests in the gulf and the middle
east.three good reasons compel such a review at this time and there is no better
place then Riyadh for Pakistan to start this long over due assessment.}{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \ql
{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \ul1
Findings:}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \ul1
\par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang9 \langnp9 Advantages of cpec to Pakistan}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 : }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 For Pakistan,the cpec can bring large-scale investments
in the energy sector,infrastructure building and industry.once Pakistan is
prepared,china may also move some of its industry and bring Pakistan into its chain
of production.cpec will increase china's stakes in Pakistan which will leverage
Islamabad in regional affairs.it demonstrates the centrality of the cpec in future
sino-pak relations.cpec is not simply a set of roads and highways,but it also
includes development of industrial and energy projects all along the cpec route in
Pakistan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9
\hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9
\langnp9 Road building and infrastructure development in the balochistan area will
contribute to their socio-economic development.therefore,it will help to increase
the economic activity and development in balochistan and will bring it to parity
with the other provinces,and reduce the unemployment rate and poverty in
Pakistan.the cpec includes several energy production projects.these are very
important for Pakistan as the country suffers from acute energy shortages-4500
megawatt.it will ease Pakistan's costly energy crisis while connecting the
country's economy with its neighbors on three sides,the east,north and the west.}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain
\qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Cpec is not only
economic cooperation but also including other aspects such as defence.china is
helping Pakistan strengthen itself as china's own stakes are in a stable and
strengthed Pakistan.in the wake of cpec,china is selling eight submarines to
Pakistan.china would also transfer the technology for submarine construction.it
will not only be helpful for Pakistan defensive measures,but also support in the
protection of cpec as it is deterrent against rising India's (who has declared its
opposition to cpec) naval power.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Advantages of cpec to china:}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Currently,nearly 80% of china's oil is transported
via shipment through the strait of Malacca to shanghai,a distance 16000 km, with
the journey taking two to three months.this journey is going to be reduced to just
5000 km,taking its route from Pakistan through cpec.moreover, china has framed
three corridor routes including cpec to overcome a greater security challenge in
the south china sea in shape of possible blockade of sea line of communications at
the choking point of strait of Malacca during conflict times.any blockade may stop
80% of Chinese imported energy supplies from the middle-east and west Africa.}
{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 Cpec will not only
strengthen china's relations with Pakistan and provide an alternative route of
energy supply,but will also provide the much-coveted access for other reason's and
the sea.this will provide an opportunity to improve its interaction with central
Asia,west Asia,the middle east,Europe and the rest of the world.moreover,when the
roads,pipelines and sea ports will become functional,the economy of china's not
much developed xinjiang region will secure substantial improvement with the
increase in export of goods and more frequent oil supply.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9 \langnp9 China's notion of
economic connectivity through highway and sea ,energy transfer and trade has to be
viewed as its expanding global role.Gwadar port is viewed in larger Chinese
strategy of "String of pearls".moreover,it will help china enhancing the soft power
over other countries.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang9
\langnp9 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1
\widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2
\dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Energy project under cpec:}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 There are the
10,000 MW of power projects. The successful implementation of the economic corridor
projects would create ancillary opportunities and benefits. Energy availability
would revive existing industries, such as textiles , fertilizers( Pak-Arab
fertilizers, Pak-American fertilizers ,DH fertilizers ) to full production and add
an estimated 2pc to Pakistans GDP growth }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 On April 20,2015, the ground-breaking of
5 power projects was jointly done by the Chinese president and Pakistani prime
minister nawaz shareef via video link. Among the projects , zonergy 900 MW solar
power plant is the first one to be put into pakistans national grid . It is $1.5
billion project , the largest solar power plant in the world located in bhawalpur
developed in three phases and is expected to be completed by the end of 2019. A
number of other energy projects , being constructed by Chinese companies , are also
proceeding steadily the $1.65 billion karoti hydro power plant , the first
investment project of the silk road fund , is being developed by the china three
gorges corporation construction of the 720 MW project was to begin and the plant is
expected to be put into operation in 2020 . The port qasim coal-fired power plant,
the first started project in the energy sector under the cpec framework, is being
constructed by power china resources limited. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Further Chinese investors are also
interested in the Thar coal project which involves developing a large }{\b1
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 energy
complex in sindh }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 province to produce 6000 MW of coal- based power and introduce to the
country the concept of gasification and production of liquid fuel from coal.
Moreover, in 2015, Pakistan has confirmed recoverable reserves of around }{\b1
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 200 trillion
cubic feet( FTC)}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 of natural gas in chiniot and around }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 58 billion barrels of oil}{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 in its shale
structure-many times larger than existing conventional gas reserves of around 20
tcf and }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 385 billion barrels}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 of oil. Pakistan requires more technology for exploiting
shale oil and gas resources on a larger scale china can provide the required
technology.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Infrastructure development: }{\b1 \fs28
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard
\plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha
\aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 {\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Th}
{\fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 e cpec
project adds on t}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 o the already existing road link between Pakistan's gilgit-baltistan
and the xinjiang region of china. The roots of the roads building in Pakistan's
remote areas adjointing china goes back to 1959 when Pakistan;s army engineers
begin to build a 155 miles long road linking chilas to gilgit, named later as the }
{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 indus
valley road.}{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Gwader-kashgar motorway}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 is to be constructed with three
different roots, connecting ultimately near gilgit-baltistan. With active
consultation of chines authorities, Pakistan has prepared a plan to construct three
corridors, the }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 western alignment, the central alignment and the eastern alignment .}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The last
one has been picked for development in the first phase . There will be much premium
on networks of highways , railways ,airports and energy pipelines. Progress has
also been anticipated in transport infrastructure. This includes the realignment of
the karakoram highway ( KKH) at attabad barrier lack .}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Economic
affiliation: }{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Cpec is an initiative to bring economic
impetus in Pakistan and the region. According to the }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Chinese ambassador sun weidong}{\b1
\fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 , cpec would create
thousands of jobs, improve connectivity . Trade facilities and pave way for energy
projects . Economists believe materialization of cpec would create business
opportunities worth tens of billions of dollars. Economist Dr.shahid hassan
siddique said cpec would reduce unemployment in the country. He added that the
functioning of the Gwader port will bring an economic revolutionized business
activities will get a much needed boost. It will promote a 1+4 pattern of economic
cooperation with a central role of the cpec and four key areas including the
gwader port energy transportation infrastructure and industrial cooperation
.moreover it would not only benefit Pakistan but other countries other countries of
the region as well according to Dr. Khan trade statistics have been raised
significant which would ultimately benefit the economy visible progress on the cpec
and the mobilization of Chinese investments in Pakistan will also help in
overcoming the psychological barriers to flows of foreign investment
from other sources foreign investment flows into Pakistan will depend on the
health and stability of the Pakistan economy which is greatly affected by the
terrorism and separatism in balochistan .}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Social expansion :}{\fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Cpec
projects will open new avenues of social expansion and will lead to more
development . China will construct a modern international airport in gwader and
launch social development projects to provide education heath and drinking water
facilities to local people through investment in the social sector both countries
will collaborate on education culture and people to people communication . China is
already offering scholarship to hundreds of students from gilgit-baltistan in
Chinese language and higher education this trend will likely to increase in the
near future under cpec.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0
\sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Nuclear cooperation: }{\fs24
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 It is
possible that in the wake of cpec and new strategic circumstances and in exchange
for appropriate safeguards china may consider the sale of nuclear power plants to
Pakistan especially if India acquires its new plants from us. The prospects of such
agreements are good after the increasing INDO-US nuclear cooperation .china has
allegedly helped Pakistan with the nuclear technology in the past as well .
Currently may Chinese projects are underway china can also help Pakistan bringing
into the nuclear main stream nuclear suppliers group.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The $46 billion
investment associated with the China-Pakistan economic corridor could be
transformational. But its ultimate fate will depend on whether Pakistani is able to
fulfill its side of the bargain .the corridor will involve a series of complicated
infrastructure and investments projects .the national psyche of cynicism deep
suspicion and negativity has given rise to doubts over cpec .Pakistan's track
record isn\uc1 \u8217 ?t encouraging . Even the recent history of engagement with
china is poor. President zardari had signed many mous with Chinese companies but
progress on implementation was slow due to the similar on ground obstacles present
there are a number of obstacles regarding cpec with need the resolution .some of
them are : }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 India\uc1 \u8217 ?s overt opposition :}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langnp1033 India has been vocal in its opposition to the project and protested to
china over ctr. India considers gilgit baltistan as part of India and does not want
to connect corridor from here to xinjiang province. Along with it cpec
counterbalances the Indian plans for exploiting Chinese weakness in it Indian ocean
by blocking Malacca straits in times of conflict and china wants to secure it.
Moreover, Baloch separatists have been waging insurgency in balochistan for the
past many years which the government also blames on India because they are inciting
feelings of disparity in balochi people .therefore , gwadar is located in
balochistan and the instability is affecting its progress. Raw has been specially
targeting innocent people at gwadar turbat and mastung , Chinese workers and even
tourists at nanga parbat .}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 In march 2016 raw agent kulbushan yadav
was arrested in Balochistan .this was an undenible proof of Indian involvement in
the Balochistan insurgency . The video recording of his voluntarily made
confessional statement was released . He categorically stated that he was a serving
navy officers and was to retire in 2022. He mentioned his contacts with the baloch
insurgents providing finances to them and also arranging their training for
subversive activities and acts of terrorism. He also confessed his links with
terrorists entities in Karachi and involvement in the acts of terrorism , including
killing of some police officers. According to DG ISPR one of his assignments was
also to sabotage cpec and in this respect the baloch insurgents were planning an
attack on the gwadar port in the near future security. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The frontier works
organization,which is constructing a road network in balochistan as part of the
CPEC\uc1 \u8217 ?S western route,had lost many of its workers-both military
personnel and civilian-in about scores incidents since the start of work on the
road.the statistics underscore the security challenge to the project.}{\fs24
\af0 {\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABLITY}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The actual ability of government
institutions to conceive specific projects,ensure transparency and accountable in
there implemention,and alter and introduce federal or provincial rules and routine
necessary to removing red tape would be crucial.current capabilities and attitudes
won\uc1 \u8217 ?t do.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 RESOURCE CAPECITY}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Pakistan
lack's the human resource,specially technical expertise in the relevant government
departments to ensure successful implementation,resources will have to be realigned
to support the parts of government and private-sector entities most involved in the
initiative.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 BUREAUCRATIC HURDLES}{\b1 \fs28
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Another
challenge is
to getting our bureaucracy to help rather than hinder the process. In }{\fs24
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Order
the realize the benefits,the red tape and unnecessary hurdles must be removed.}
\lang1033 \langnp1033 INTERNAL CONFLICT OVER THE ROUTE}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Pakistan is
facing internal conflicts over the route of the CPEC. Some smaller political
parties from Khyber pakhtunkhwa and balochistan insist upon the western route that
will pass through their provinces to be built first. They are claiming that their
region is being neglected. On the other hand,the ruling part seems determined to
build the eastern route which mainly passes through Punjab-its political
constituency. The matter needs a quick resolution.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 TERRORISM}{\b1
\fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langnp1033 Terrorism on CPEC route is a major concern. The $46 billion investment
associated with the china-Pakistan economic corridor could not be transformational
unless the menace of terrorism is dealt with. Though the statistics show a marked
drop in terrorist incidents as the result of army operation;however,the attack in
the 2016 show that the menace is far from over. For instance in three months,there
had been three deadly attacks-in august 2016,scores of lawyers were killed in
quetta hospital;in October 2016,the police man were killed by the dozen in police
training academy outside quetta;and in November 2016,members of the public were
killed by the dozen in shrine bombing in khuzdar. This is to likely hamper the pace
of implementation of the CPEC projects. Pakistani security forces and agencies need
to be extra vigilant to protect all citizens and particularly Chinese workers
engaged on these CPEC projects.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The entire invest program will take at
least }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
15 to 20 years}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 to be completed;therefore,uninterrupted and continuous implementation
of its constituent projects is imperative which can only be possible by stability
in the region and political accountability.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 CPEC is part of Xi\uc1 \u8217 ?s grand
strategic concept of }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \uc1 \u8220 ?one belt one road\uc1 \u8221 ? }{\fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 (OBOR) to connect with over
60 countries and regions Indian ocean. CPEC is a flagship role model project where
the }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
silk road economic belt}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 and 21}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 \super1 st}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 century }{\b1 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 maritime silk road meet. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 It is.therefore major project of
the \uc1 \u8220 ?belt and road\uc1 \u8221 ? initiative.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 china-Pakistan
economic corridor recognizes the new realities of global and regional
politics,which are concerned with enhancing the soft power,by cultivating a need-
based interaction for socio-economic,industrial,energy and trade development in the
region. This is a new game of interdependence in international and regional
politics and positive connectivity with immediate neighbors.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 In an exclusive
article for Pakistani media,president xi jinping said: \uc1 \u8220 ?The aim of
china\uc1 \u8217 ?s initiative of the silk road economic belt and the 21}{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \super1 st}
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 century
maritime silk road is to promote common development by enhancing connectivity among
countries along these routes. We hope that this initiative will enable us to work
together with South Asian countries to fulfil our common dream of rapid
development\uc1 \u8221 ?.It clearly reflects that CPEC will be a game-changer for
region.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par
}\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar
\lang1033 \langnp1033 CPEC AND THE \uc1 \u8220 ?GREAT GAME\uc1 \u8221 ?}{\fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\fs24
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Over
the past year the western media,echoed by many in India and some in Pakistan,has
conducted an extensive campaign of critisum against the china-Pakistan economic
corridor (CPEC) project. It has been variously asserted that the project is
building roads that are not needed ;it will only facilitate china\uc1 \u8217 ?s
trade and bring little benefit to Pakistan;it will burden Pakistan with enormous
foreign debt,and so on.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 This campaign gained momentum after US
defence secretary James Mattis remarked that CPEC would traverse \uc1 \u8216 ?
disputed territory\uc1 \u8217 ? (meaning gilgit-baltistan) and former US secretary
of state Rex Tillerson questioned the financial structure of project under
china\uc1 \u8217 ?s belt and road initiative. US opposition to CPEC seemed to be
confirmed when in the July the current secretary of state mike pompeo argued that
an IMF financing programme for Pakistan should not be used to repay Chinese \uc1
\u8216 ?bond holders\uc1 \u8217 ? and banks. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The US stance was interpreted widely as
part of its strategic confrontation with china( spanning trade,technology,the south
china sea) and an additional point of pressure to secure Pakistan's compliance with
American demands on Afghanistan.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The US has several tactical
and strategic reasons to cooperate with china and support CPEC.}{\fs56
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\langnp1033 The state secretary\uc1 \u8217 ?s remarks redoubled the doubts within
the incoming pakistani government about the wisdom of approaching the IMF to
achieve the urgently required stabilisation of pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s
economy,specially its external imbalances. In an interview,Finance Minister Asad
Umar stated that \uc1 \u8216 ?if we choose not to go to the IMF,it will not be
because of the expected \uc1 \u8216 ?economic pain\uc1 \u8217 ? but because of \uc1
\u8216 ?non-economic\uc1 \u8217 ?and \uc1 \u8216 ?national security\uc1 \u8217 ?
considerations. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Prior to the elections,PTI leadors had spoken
of the need review some of the CPEC projects and to prioritise the social
objectives espoused by the party. china was naturally anxious that between this
desire for a review by the new government and the western media onslaught,the CPEC
project, which is flagship of president Xi jinping\uc1 \u8217 ?s belt and road
initiative,may be derailed.\'5c}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 CPEC was a mojor item on chinese foreign
minister Wang Yi\uc1 \u8217 ?s agenda for as recent visit and talks with new
pakistani government. Any doubts regarding pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s position on CPEC
were laid to rest in the public and private assurances conveyed by the prime
minister,foreign minister and COAS to the chinese foreign minister. But the western
media has persisted in its campaign. The Financial Times published an article
entitled \uc1 \u8216 ?Pakistan rethink its role in Xi\uc1 \u8217 ?s belt and road
plan ; printed the day after the chinese foreign ministers visit. It couted
purported remarks by pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s trade adviser expressing disquiet about
the \uc1 \u8216 ?disadvantages\uc1 \u8217 ? of some CPEC agreements which pakistan
intends to \uc1 \u8216 ?renegotiate\uc1 \u8217 ?.The commerce ministry immediately
issued a strong rebuttal stating that there was \uc1 \u8216 ?complete unanimity\uc1
\u8217 ? between china and pakistan on CPEC\uc1 \u8217 ?S future direction and
affirmed the pakistani government\uc1 \u8217 ?s commitment to CPEC.}{\fs24
\af0 {\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Even
after this,the wall street journal offered an article asserting that pakistan is
\uc1 \u8216 ?pressing\uc1 \u8217 ? china \uc1 \u8216 ?to realign the goals\uc1
\u8217 ? of CPEC \uc1 \u8216 ?to take on poverty-alleviating initiative and build
factories\uc1 \u8217 ?.In fact,the projects included under CPEC were those
identified by the previous PML-N government. China has consistently expressed
readiness to reflect the priorities of the new government for social infrastructure
and poverty alleviation projects. An agreement to make these and other adjustments
was in fact reached a day ago by pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s planning minister and
deputy head of china\uc1 \u8217 ?s national development and reform commission.}
\langnp1033 Meanwhile, pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s information minister told the press
that during his talks in Islamabad, the US secretary of state had assured that the
US will not block an IMF financing programme for pakistan. This implies a lifting
of US objections to the servicing of chinese debt (which is a fraction of debt to
western financial sources).}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 A video, circulating on the internet ,
evidently sponsored by the wall street journal, projects pakistan and CPEC as the
fulcrum of US-CHINA strategic competition. Yet, the western media may be \uc1
\u8216 ?more royal than the king\uc1 \u8217 ? if not dead wrong. Rather than being
the focus of competition, pakistan and afghanistan may be one area where the US and
china could cooperate rather than compete. The US has several tictical and
strategic reasons to cooperate with china and support CPEC. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 First, the US needs
china\uc1 \u8217 ?s support to realize a political settlement in Afghanistan. The
US and china are both working in parallel to improve Afghanistan relations. China
also has close contacts with the Afghan Taliban. It desires, like the US, to
eliminate all terrorism emanating from Afghanistan. It can make large investment in
Afghanistan. And it can moderate any disruption of a political settlement by Iran,
Pakistan and even Russia. }{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Second, the extension of CPEC to
Afghanistan would contribute to its connectivity to Central Asia, china and beyond,
and foster its development and stability. Moreover, if India joins CPEC
(eventually), it will gain access to Afghanistan and Central Asia (which Pakistan
has staunchly resisted so far). both objectives are the part the US strategy for
South Asia. While noting the new Pakistan government\uc1 \u8217 ?s commitment to
CPEC, the Chinese foreign minister spoke man significantly added that the
construction of CPEC \uc1 \u8216 ?can absorb third party participation and benefit
the entire region\uc1 \u8217 ?.}{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Third, CPEC is essential for the
stabilisation and growth of the pakistani economy. The US will no doubt pressure
Pakistan to do its bidding on Afghanistan. It will push Pakistan to bend, not
break. In the ultimate analysis, a failed nuclar pakistan is not a palatable
prospect for either the US or China. China\uc1 \u8217 ?s assumption of the onus for
pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s economic stablization is not a bad bargain for the US .
these consideration may not be accepted at present by vengeful US generals,
intelligence operatives and ideologies, and smarting from their failure in
Afghanistan. They are bettere understood by US foreign policy professionals.
Indeed, the Obama administration expressed support for CPEC. }{\fs24 \kerning2
{\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The major
opposition to CPEC, going forward, will emanate from a chauvinistic indian regime
which sees the sponsorship of terrorism in Balochistan and unrest in Gilgit-
Baltistan as a smart strategy restrain pakistan\uc1 \u8217 ?s support for the
kashmiri freedom struggle. Yet, given the tectonic shifts in strategic alignments
in the entire Asian heartland, and the opportunities for an economy-led
normalization across the region, india maybe shooting itself in the foot.}{\fs24
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \itap0 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich
\af0 \loch \af0 {\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 ANALYSIS}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 The picture
according to the research of our group is showing that, Pakistan is going to be the
world\uc1 \u8217 ?s largest economical hub by 2030. If project of CPEC will go with
the speed from which it is doing may complete before the 2030. And by 2030, there
will be no energy crisis, transportation issues, economical instability and threats
regarding any issue.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 According to the former Prime Minister Mian
Muhammad Nawaz Sharif, \uc1 \u8220 ?CPEC is game changer\uc1 \u8221 ? not only for
china and Pakistan but also for middle East, Central Asian republics and European
countries.According to the current Prime Minister Imran Khan CPEC will decrease the
supermacy of America and India in the region, which is the sign of Pakistan\uc1
\u8217 ?s economical stability.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Firstly, The major issue of our country
is unemployment, which is going to be decrease by 80% After the completion of
CPEC. From 2015 hiring has been started and increasing day by day which is the sign
of Satisfaction.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Secondly, the major issue is the consumption
of our country resources regarding both energy resources and infrastructure/ It is
aimed to make the most of resources which are wasting due to the lack of
technology, and generate energy more than necessity and improves infrastructure of
entire route of CPEC(which includes cities passing by the route of project).}
{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\lang1033 \langnp1033 Thirdly, the issue of transportation is also the main
objective of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, including bus services, bullet train
services, modern airports and improvement of transportation. }{\b0 \fs24
\af0 {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 If
this all scenario will happen which is mentioned above than Pakistan is going to be
a part of world\uc1 \u8217 ?s highest GDP countries like USA, JAPAN, ITALY etc. And
Pakistan will become the part of countries which have highest tourism rate, Which
will also give Pakistan Foreign exchange.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Nowadays, the Currency graph of our
country is declining is not a good sign for a developing country, Like Pakistan
and CPEC is the key act to change the entire scenario of our country\uc1 \u8217 ?s
downsizing GDP and currency, which will raise Pakistan as a sun of Asian
countries.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 SUGGESTIONS FOR
POLICY MAKERS ON CPEC:}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Policy makers need to make practical
decisions before the second phase can kick start. Its would be more prudent for
pakistan to concentrate on industrial sectors that will help the local economy, for
exaple, prioritizing textile over other industrial sectors, Similarly, the level of
quality in industrial product should also be decided, for example, choosing between
High-end goods and Low-end goods manufacturing depending upon the export market and
raw materials,}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Another important factor that requires
immediate attention of the policy makers is human resource development. It is most
determining factor which is cruicial to the success of economic development in any
country. With all economic experts elaborating the benefits of CPEC, the topic of
technical labour, executives and professionals have been neglected. Most of the
policy makers have neglected the fact that without a pool of well-developed human
resources, economy and citizens both won\uc1 \u8217 ?t be able to reap the fruit of
any economic development that is faciliated bt CPEC. As per the prestigious
pakistani scientist, Atta-ur-Rehaman, CPEC should be called China-Pakistan economic
and knowledge corridor. Technical training programs should be setup at existing
institutions and new institutions should be opened devoted to cause to fully
capitalize on the opportunities generated ny CPEC.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 It is the need of
the hour that newly elected government should encourage debate about CPEC, its
policy details and how it will affect the local industry. Economic experts, civil
society members,industry leaders and farmers association should be consulted to
allow the debate to evolve and local issues tobe highlited. Only then the vagueness
about the consequences of CPEC over the economic situation of Pakistan could be
cleared.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\lang1033 \langnp1033 It is important to formulate a detailed industrial policy for
the local sector in relation with the CPEC because these policies will have
consequences in the long term for the local agriculture and industrial sector.
Furthermore, a detailed imdustrial policy will help pakistan capitalize on the
opportunities presented by CPEC.}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }\pard \plain
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24
REFERENCES:}{\b1 \fs28 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Government of Pakistan, 2017, economic survey
of Pakistan 2016-17, pp.(i), available at }{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst
{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }
HYPERLINK "http://finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_16/Overview_of_the_Economy.pdf" }}
{\fldrslt {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033
\langnp1033 }{\cs15 \b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\cf13 \ul1 http://finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_16/Overview_of_the_Economy.pdf}}}
{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }
\lang1033 \langnp1033 China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) official website }
{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 HYPERLINK "http://www.cpec.gov.pk/" }}{\fldrslt {\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\cs15
\b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \cf13 \ul1
http://www.cpec.gov.pk/}}}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 National Electric Power Regulatory
Authority (NEPRA), 2016, State od Industry Report, 2015}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2
{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 National
Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA). 2017, Tariff determination
(Generation), available at:}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Coal: }{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst {\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 HYPERLINK
"http://nepra.org.pk/tariff" }}{\fldrslt {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\cs15 \b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \cf13 \ul1 http://nepra.org.pk/tariff}}}{\b0 \fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 coal.htm;}{\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
\lang1033 \langnp1033 Hydel: http://nepra.org.pk/tariff hpg.htm}{\b0 \fs24
Solar: }{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 HYPERLINK "http://nepra.org.pk/tariff" }}{\fldrslt
{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\cs15
\b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \cf13 \ul1
http://nepra.org.pk/tariff}}}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 solar.htm}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 Wind: }{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst {\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0
\fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 HYPERLINK
"http://nepra.org.pk/tariff" }}{\fldrslt {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\cs15 \b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch
\f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \cf13 \ul1 http://nepra.org.pk/tariff}}}{\b0 \fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 wpg.htm}{\b0 \fs24
Thermal: }{\field \fldedit {\*\fldinst {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 HYPERLINK
"http://nepra.org.pk/tariff_ipps.hym" }}{\fldrslt {\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\af0 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\cs15 \b0 \fs24 \dbch \af0 \hich
\af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \cf13 \ul1
http://nepra.org.pk/tariff_ipps.htm}}}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\loch \af0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0
\hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 BOOKS:}{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch
\lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar \aspalpha \aspnum
\adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \jclisttab \tx312 \itap0 \ls1 \fs21 \kerning2 \dbch
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\af0 \loch \af0 \f1 1.\tab }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\lang1033 \langnp1033 Jahangir\uc1 \u8217 ?s World Times Publications}{\b0 \fs24
\plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \jclisttab \tx312 \itap0 \ls1 \fs21
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\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 KIPS Publications.}{\b0 \fs24
\plain \qj \li0 \ri0 \lisb0 \sa200 \lisa0 \pnrnot0 \sl288 \slmult1 \widctlpar
\aspalpha \aspnum \adjustright \lin0 \rin0 \jclisttab \tx312 \itap0 \ls1 \fs21
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 {\listtext \pard \plain \fs21
\kerning2 \dbch \af2 \hich \af0 \loch \af0 \f1 3.\tab }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2
\dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033
Pakistan Horizon. }{\b0 \fs24 \kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0
\kerning2 \dbch \af0 \hich \af0 \loch \f0 \lang1033 \langnp1033 \par }}

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{\rtf1 \ansi \ansicpg1252 \deff0 \stshfdbch2 \stshfloch0 \stshfhich0

\deflang1033 \deflangfe1033 {\fonttbl {\f0 \froman \fcharset0 \fprq2 {\*\panose

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