NARAYANA ENGINEERING COLLEGE :: GUDUR

DHURJATI NAGAR, GUDURU, SPSR NELLORE (D), A.P-524101.

DEPT. OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Signals & Systems (15A04303)
UNIT – I
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Define signal and give some examples of signals?

2. Define system?
3. What is time shifting of a signal, Sketch the signal u(-t+3)?
4. Define continuous time signals and classify them?
5. Define and sketch the following functions?
a) Unit impulse b) Unit step c) Signum d) Sinc
6. State Parseval’s theorem for continuous time periodic signals?
7. Write the conditions under which any periodic signal can be expressed using FS?
8. Give the condition for stability of an LTI-CT system?
9. Write the general form of TFS and EFS along with expressions for coefficients?
10. Give the relation between unit step and signum?
11. Give the condition for half wave symmetry?

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Explain classifications of continuous time signals

Hint: Periodic and aperiodic, causal and non-causal, even and odd, energy and power,
deterministic and random signals etc.., (min 5 must)
2. Define and sketch the elementary signals for continuous and discrete time signals.
Hint: unit step, ramp, impulse, sinc, signum, exponential, complex exponential etc..
3. A) Calculate the time period of the following signals
i)x(t)=3sin4t+ 4cos3t (ii) x(n)= ej(3n+π/4)
B) Determine energy and power of the following signals
i) x(t)=cos3t (ii) x(t) = 𝑒−2𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)
4. Obtain the condition under which two signals f1 (t) and f2 (t) are said to be orthogonal
to each other. Hence prove that cos nω0t and cos mω0t are orthogonal over any
2𝜋
interval (t0, t0+ ω0) for integer values of n and m.

5. A Discrete Time System can be

Static or Dynamic
Causal or non-causal
Time variant or time invariant
Linear or non-linear
Stable or unstable
Examine the following system with respect to the above properties,
y(n)= cos[x(n)]

6. Find the exponential Fourier Series and plot the magnitude and phase spectrum for the
sawtooth wave form as shown in figure.
 7. Find the Trigonometric Fourier Series for the sawtooth wave form as shown in figure.

UNIT – II
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
1) Define Fourier Transform and Inverse Fourier transform?
2) State the dirichlet’s conditions for Fourier transform?
3) What is aliasing effect?
4) Define Nyquist rate and Nyquist interval?
5) What is Fourier spectrum?
6) Fourier Transform of 1 ?
7) Fourier Transform of δ(t)
8) Show that the magnitude spectrum is an even function of frequency and phase spectrum is
an odd function of frequency?
9) Define Fourier transform pair?
∞
10) Evaluate ∫
−∞
𝑡2 𝛿(𝑡 − 3)𝑑𝑡 ?

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1. State and prove the properties of Fourier Transform (Min 5)
2. State and prove the sampling theorem.
3. Find Fourier transform of cos ω0t and sin ω0t. also sketch its spectrums.
b) Find the Fourier transform of a gate pulse of unit height, unit width and centered at
t=0. (or)
Find the Fourier transform of symmetrical gate pulse and sketch the Spectrum.
4. Find the Fourier transform of a single symmetrical triangular pulse.
Find the Fourier transform of a single symmetrical gate pulse.
5. Obtain the Fourier transform of the following functions.
i) Impulse function δ (t).
ii) D.C signal.
iii) Unit step function.
iv) signum function.
UNIT – III
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Define Linear system?
2. When the system is said to be LTI?
3. What is impulse response of the system?
4. What is the response or output of an LTI – CT system?
5. What is the response or output of an LTI – DT system?
6. Define ideal filter?
7. Define signal bandwidth?
8. Define system bandwidth?
9. Define PSD? Write some properties of PSD?
10. Define ESD? Write some properties of ESD?
ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Find Convolution of the following Signals
(i) x(n) = {1, 2, 3, 4} h(n) = {3, 4, 1, 1, 2}
2. Find the convolution of the following signals using graphical method
x(t) = e - | t | and h(t) = e - 2 ( t + 1 ) u(t+1)
3. Find the response of an LTI continuous time system for the input and impulse
responses are given below
i) x(t) = e-2t u(t) and h(t) = e-2t u(t)
ii) x(t) = e-3t u(t) and h(t) = u(t-2).
4. A causal LTI system has a frequency response H(jΩ) =1/(4+jΩ) for a particular input
x(t) the system is observed to produce an output y(t) = (e-4t – e-5t) u(t), Determine the
input x(t).
5. The input and output of a causal LTI system are related by the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑑
2
𝑦(𝑡) + 6 𝑦(𝑡) + 8 𝑦(𝑡) = 2 𝑥(𝑡)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
i) Find the impulse response of the system
ii)What is the response of the system if x(t) = t e-2t u(t)
6. a) Discuss the Poly-wiener criterion for physical realization of systems.
b) Explain the characteristics of an ideal LPF. Explain why it can’t be realized.
(or) Justify why all ideal filters cannot be realized.
7. Obtain the relationship between the bandwidth and rise time of ideal low pass filter
8. a) Explain briefly detection of periodic signals in the presence of noise by correlation
b) Explain briefly extraction of a signal from noise by filtering
9. a) Derive the response of an LTI continuous time system?
b) Discuss the conditions required for distortion less transmission.

UNIT – IV
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Define Discrete Time Fourier transform?
2. Define IDTFT?
3. What is meant by step response of the DT system?
2. 4.Define Transfer function of the DT system?
3. 5.Define impulse response of a DT system?
4. What is the necessary and sufficient condition for existence of the DTFT?
5. What is Fourier transform pair?

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1. a) Define DTFT of a signal? Establish the relation between DTFT and Z transform of a signal.
b) Determine the discrete time Fourier transform of x[n] = an u(n) for -1 < a < 1.
2. State and prove any five properties of DTFT.
3. Find the response y(n) of the DT system described by y(n)-3/4y(n-1)+1/8y(n-2)=x(n)-1/2x(n-1)
For an input x(n)=(1/2)n u(n) using DTFT.
4. Find the DTFT of
x(n) = (1/3)n u(n + 3)
x(n) = (1/2)n for n= 0,2, 4,……
= 0 otherwise.
5. An LTI system is characterized by the equation y(n)-0.5y(n-1) = x(n). Find H(Ω), the frequency
response of the system. Also determine the zero state response y(n), if the input x(n) = (0.8)n u(n).

UNIT – V
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Define Laplace transform of signal f(t) and its region of convergence?
2. What are the types of Laplace transform?
3. When a function f(t) is said to be Laplace transformable?
4. What are the methods used for inverse Laplace transform?
5. Define ROC? State the properties of ROC of Laplace Transform
6. Give the relation between LT and FT
7. List the advantages of Laplace transform over FT?
8. List the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of Laplace transform.
9. Name the signal which has ROC in entire S- plane and justify your answer.
10. Find the Laplace transform of impulse?
11. Define Laplace transform?
12. Define inverse Laplace transform?
13. Write the Laplace transform of f(t) = e-2t u(t).

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Determine the Laplace transform and associated region of convergence. And pole-
zeros plot for the following function of time x(t)=e-2t u(t) + e-3t u(t).
2. Find the Laplace Transform of the following signals
i) u(t) ii) sgn(t) iii)cos(w0t) iv) e-at cos(w0t)
3. Determine inverse Laplace transform of the following function
3𝑆+7
𝑋(𝑠) = for ROC of i) Re(S) > 3 ii) Re(S) < -1 iii) c) -1< Re {S} < 3.
𝑆 2 −2𝑆−3
4. State and prove the properties of Laplace transform
5. State and prove initial value and final value theorems of Laplace Transform.

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Define Z transform of signal x(n) and its region of convergence?
1. What are the types of Z- transform?
2. List the methods to find inverse Z transform.
3. Define ROC? State the properties of ROC of Z- Transform
4. What is meant by ROC of ZT?
5. Give the condition for causality with respect to Z Transform
6. Give the condition for stability with respect to Z Transform
7. Name the signal which has ROC in entire Z- plane and justify your answer.
8. Find the Z- transform of impulse?
9. What is the relationship between Z transform and Fourier transform?
10. Define transfer function of the system?

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

1. a) A finite sequence x[n] = [5, 3, -2, 0, 4, -3]. Find X[z]and its ROC
b) State and prove the initial and final value theorem of Z-transform.
2. Determine the Z-transform of the following signals
x(n) = an u(n) – bn u(- n -1) ii) x(n) = cos(w0 n) u(n)
3. State and prove the properties of Z-Transform
4. Find Inverse Z Transform of the following.
X(Z) = ROC: |Z | > 1
5. Determine the system transfer function and impulse response of discrete time system
described by the difference equation y(n)-5/6y(n-1)+1/6y(n-2)=x(n)-1/2x(n-1).
6. Solve the following difference equation using unilateral Z-Transform y(n)-3/2y(n-1)+1/2y(n-
2)=x(n), for n≥0 with the initial conditions y(-1) = 4, y(-2) = 10 and x(n) = (1/4)n u(n).
7. The system function of the LTI system is given by
3 − 4𝑍−1
H(Z) = specify the ROC of H(z) and determine unit sample response for the
1−3.5𝑍−1 +1.5𝑍−2
following cases i) Causal system ii) Stable system.