1

"YEAR OF FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION AND IMPUNITY"

OFFICE SCHOOL OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF PERU

“THE GANGS”
CHAIR: English

TEACHER: CRNL. PNP.

YEAR/ SECTION:

PARTICIPANTS:

1. C4 PNP N.- 00
2.
3.
4.
5.

VISIONARIES - DECISION

2019- LIMA

1
2

DEDICATION
This work applies to a special form of my
parents, the moral support and service
provided, the services offered and the service of
my duties as a future officer of the national
police.

2
3

INTRODUCTION

Ganging nowadays has become one of the main problems that affect youth nationally and
internationally. Talking about gangs is the same as talking about a group of young people
who have a common goal "to defend and encourage their neighborhood", they have their
own laws and their own moral code different from the rest of society that is why they cause
havoc. In general, gangs are made up of adolescents and young people with limited
economic resources who have no other option of survival other than joining a group and
feeling protected.

On the other hand, youth gangs have different characteristics, types and causes, which will
be discussed in the various sections of this monograph. In general, it can be said that there
are different types of gangs, for example: irregular, transgressed, violent, criminal gangs,
among women, among others. In addition, the main causes of youth gangs are: family
disintegration, unemployment, family and social violence, loss of social values and skills and
poverty.

With the presentation of this monograph is intended to raise awareness of my promotions

of E.O PNP and those people who have relatives, friends or acquaintances who are
members of gangs, to inform themselves and know the correct way to act with them.

3
4

INDEX
DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................... 2
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 3
1. THE GANG ................................................................................................................................ 5
2. TYPES OF GANG .................................................................................................................... 6
A. The of the District.................................................................................................................. 6
B. Those of bar brava ............................................................................................................... 6
C. The school stains:............................................................................................................. 7
D. Female gangs ................................................................................................................... 7
3. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GANGS ............................................................................... 8
4. STRUCTURE OF THE GANGS ............................................................................................. 9
A. The Leader ............................................................................................................................ 9
B. The Nucleus .......................................................................................................................... 9
C. The Stain ............................................................................................................................ 9
5. CAUSES THAT CAUSE GANGS ........................................................................................ 10
A. The Family disintegration .................................................................................................. 10
B. Unemployment and employment: .................................................................................... 11
C. Social and family violence: ............................................................................................ 11
D. The work and the study ................................................................................................. 12
E. The loss of values and social skills: ................................................................................. 12
CONCLUSSION ............................................................................................................................. 14
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................ 15

4
5

1. THE GANG

A gang is a group of adolescents and young people who face common problems and share
the same interests. These groups demonstrate violence, theft, citizen insecurity. This gang
comes from homes in crisis or destroyed, separated parents and also for lack of
communication both parents and children, also have emotional deprivation within the home,
which is why they identify with gangs, where they find friendship, respect and equal
treatment, participation and support, and poor training in values and social skills.

Juvenile delinquency has risen alarmingly in recent times in Lima society, they increase in
marginal areas, it is also one of the social problems that intimidates our society because of
that. It is considered that at least one third of the aggressions to the population are carried
out by youth gangs. Each time more, we observe how the gang grows every day this worries
the whole population especially those who live in places where the gang originates.

The gang is characteristic of vandalism and social phenomenon that is manifested in the
formation of such gangs.

5
6

2. TYPES OF GANG

A. The of the District

They are the groups that act in their neighborhood, their members are dedicated
exclusively to warring with gangs surrounding their area or neighborhood to feel s

B. Those of bar brava

They appear in the classic U and alliance or different teams to these gangs are
added people from all the cones of our capital to one to identify with the colors of
the team that encourages.

6
7

C. The school stains:

These are groups made up of students from the main schools that occasionally
meet in the main avenues of their district.

D. Female gangs

The feminine presence in gangs is increasingly noticeable, both inside the gang and
in the spaces and acts in which they act. Their participation is multiple: they "war"
together with the males; they help the wounded in the confrontations as "lifeguards";
or act as "informers"; the responses of the confrontation groups; Alert of possible
attacks or "send the deviation".

7
8

3. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GANGS

 Juvenile delinquents are characterized by the following characteristics:

 Young people from low social classes, although progressively the number of young
delinquents from the middle and upper classes has increased.
 They have a low cultural level, in terms of knowledge and ability to learn.
 Impulsive reaction without leaving space for reflection.
 Sufficient perception of reality leads them to adopt associated behaviors.
 They have little ability for social relationships, being very poor.
 They cannot cope with vital demands because of their weak and immature
personality.
 In response to depressive sensations, they react with aggressive and destructive
impulses.
 Sometimes, the feeling of empathy and therefore of guilt is explained.
 Narcissistic disorders can arise from the need to feel admired by others.

8
9

4. STRUCTURE OF THE GANGS

Inside a gang, its members play different roles.

The performance and behavior of all are not homogeneous and are determined by the
leadership ability, value or commitment that each of them has with the "stain" or gang to
which they belong. Thus a description of its components can be the following:

A. The Leader

They are the members of the "gang" who lead the group both in the clashes and on
other occasions. A gang may have one or several leaders inside, but there is always
one that stands out for its initiative and recklessness.

B. The Nucleus

 The assets or organic .- Those who assume the name of the gang, the
authority of the leaders and the rules, behaviors and behaviors that regulate
the operation of the group

C. The Stain

 The peripherals or sympathizers.- They are the most numerous; they do not
act permanently, but they identify with the group acting intermittently,
especially in confrontations with others.

9
10

5. CAUSES THAT CAUSE GANGS

A. The Family disintegration

The family as a basic institution of society is in crisis; there is a high percentage of

separations and family abandonment. On the other hand, the absence of parents,
driven by the crisis to spend more time to obtain family income, creates a gap than
the replacement of the upbringing of children by other family members.

The economic pressures force to extend the working hours and to eliminate the
moments dedicated to the family integration, the affectivity and the recreation
between parents and children, important elements in their formation. This state of
family and moral abandonment in different degrees and forms, some of them violent
and traumatic, contributes to the young parents and adolescents who come from
these homes being easily captured by the gang, in which they find support, affectivity,
identification and group reference that they do not find in their own family
environment.

The adolescents consider the formative aspect that takes place inside the home, that
there is a warm environment, of understanding between the members; when this
does not exist the adolescent begins to feel marginalized, he does not feel the
security that is basic to his age. For this reason, he takes refuge in groups that,
although destructive, make him feel a member of something, as a cure for his
loneliness.

10
11

B. Unemployment and employment:

In Peru, the unemployed population between 14 and 24 years old of 13.1% while the
underemployed reaches 49.9% projection. That is, 63% of our youth are unemployed
or underemployed.

If it is difficult for young people to get a job, for those who are involved in gangs,
these are much more complicated, since they are at a disadvantage compared to
others, due to their lower level of education and lower skills and abilities; this without
considering the lack of "personal image" recommendations and the prejudices and
distrust they generate in their potential employers..

C. Social and family violence:

Young people turn to the gang because in the home there is no peace and warmth
in the home, but also in the opposite direction.

In neighborhoods, gangs and more accustomed criminals have also copied these
violent methods. Therefore, many of these elements as examples follow and have
the sole authority and respect must be imposed by force and violence. That is, a
justification and imitation of a style of relationship based on violence, abuse of power,
contempt for the rights of others. All this, in the midst of corruption unprecedented in
our history.

In families, violence against women and children has increased dramatically. The
abuse and sexual abuse of children and adolescents has as its main abusers the
own members of the family. These situations mark the lives of our children and

11
12

adolescents, inclining them to withstand or violently discharge the traumas that they
carry inside those who consider them weak or sensitive.

D. The work and the study

When they reach an age where criminals have to assume their responsibility, it is
easier to satisfy their daily needs, as well as human rights such as robbery or others,
the others, optimal rights, although most of them do not finish high school. Finish in
an accelerated way to then study something technical and in that way perform work
with trade .aptar others to induce work in other jobs.

E. The loss of values and social skills:

The love, the respect, the sincerity and the honesty are values that have less and
less validity within the families and the community. On the other hand, social skills
such as self-esteem, decision-making and assertiveness are not promoted. young
gang members have little appreciation of their person and express feelings of
destruction almost always from their family environment: no sense of responsibility
and generally, error and carelessness characterize their decisions, because they
lack spaces for dialogue and communication to discuss about their needs or
interests, and deal with their personal problems or the situations that arise within the
home.

Regarding the perception of oneself as subjects of DUTIES, they consider them as

"something that we have to fulfill". Some examples are "respect our parents" duty to

12
13

"work according to our age", "vote", "advise minors" and the duty to provide support
in the case of people who have more experience. The duty to provide and receive
the support of the group is mentioned: by incurring on this point it is assigned to feel
safe and defended by the group.La pobreza

La pobreza no es un factor para inclinarse al robo, pudiendo realizar otro trabajo

digno que nos lleve a realizar nuestras habilidades en el trabajo.

13
14

CONCLUSSION

• The gang is the group of young people who share the same problems and
interests, these groups of gangs have increased much more in marginal
areas, that's why it has become a social problem that intimidates our society.
• The most relevant characteristics in the gangs revolve around: their territory,
violence, internal solidarity among the members that make up the gang, their
behavior, their spaces of interaction and symbolic expression.
• The almost permanent structure of a gang is: Leader or ringleader, base
members, throw stones or piranhas, friends of the gang.
• The main types of gang are: irregular, transgressive, violent, criminal and
women.
• The main causes of gangs are usually: family breakdown, violence in society,
poverty, the public security system.
• The most frequent conditions for gangs to leave and leave gang life are: age,
paternity, work, study, new spaces and social networks.

14
15

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Basombrío, C. Rospigliosi, F. (2006). LA Seguridad y sus instituciones en el Perú
a inicios del Siglo XXI. Perú. IEP.
 Insulza, J. Addor, A. (2007). Definición y categorización de pandillas.
Organización de los Estados Americanos.
 Villegas,F. (2005). Las pandillas juveniles de Lima. Perú. Avances de psicología
latinoamericana.
 Altamirano, M. (2006). L pandillaje en el Perú. Perú. Editorial espacio abierto.

15