English grammar – Wish

1. Wishes about the present and future.

It's used for things which are impossible or very unlikely.

Wish + past simple is used to express that we want a situation in the present (or
future) to be different.

I wish I spoke Italian. (I don’t speak Italian)

I wish I had a big car. (I don’t have a big car)
I wish I was on a beach. (I’m in the office)
I wish it was the weekend. (It’s only Wednesday)

Wish + past continuous is used to express that we want to be doing a different action
in the present (or future).

I wish I was lying on a beach now. (I’m sitting in the office)

I wish it wasn’t raining. (It is raining)
I wish you weren’t leaving tomorrow. (You are leaving tomorrow)

*In formal writing, you will see 'were' instead of 'was' after wish. This is correct, but
it's also fine to use 'was', in the same way as with the second conditional.

'I wish I were rich' or 'I wish I was rich'.

2. Wishes about the past

Wish + past perfect is used to express a regret, or that we want a situation in the past to
be different.
This use of 'wish' is very similar to the third conditional.

I wish I hadn’t eaten so much. (I ate a lot)

I wish they’d come on holiday with us. (They didn’t come on holiday)
I wish I had studied harder at school. (I was lazy at school)

3. Wish + would

Wish + would + bare infinitive is used to express impatience, annoyance or

dissatisfaction with a present action.

I wish you would stop smoking. You are smoking at the moment and it is
annoying me.
I wish it would stop raining. I’m impatient because it is raining and I want to
go outside.
I wish she’d be quiet. I am annoyed because she is speaking.

4. Wish + could

We also use 'wish' with 'could' to talk about things in the present or future that we would
like to be different. In this situation, 'could' is the past simple of 'can'.
Of course, we use 'can' to talk about ability - if we know how to do something or not. For
example, 'I can speak Spanish' or 'I can't drive'. We also use 'can' to talk about possibility
- if things are possible or not possible. For example, 'we can't come to the party tonight'
or 'John can help you clean up'. We use 'could' with 'wish' to talk about ability and to talk
about possibility.

I wish that I could speak Spanish (but, unfortunately, I can't speak Spanish).
I wish that I could drive (I can't drive).
I wish that we could go to the party tonight (unfortunately, we're busy so we can't go).
I wish that John could help you clean up (John is at work, so he can't help).