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Electrical Fires,
Philippine Electrical Code,
& Grounding
ELECTRICAL FIRES
If a fault develops, the current (and heat energy)
can increase to the extent that either the appliance
burns out, the connecting wiring overheats and
melts the plastic insulation or the plug and socket
may burn out.
An electrical fire then occur where the overheated
wiring, motor, plug, etc. are in contact with or close
to flammable or combustible material.
ELECTRICAL FIRE can be defined as a fire where an
electric current or electrical fault is found to have
been the source of ignition.
PURPOSE OF PEC
The primary objective of the code is to
establish basic materials quality and electrical
works standards for the safe use of electricity
for light, heat, power, communications,
signaling and for other purposes.
“Practical safeguarding of persons and
property from hazards arising from the use of
electricity”
COMPLIANCE TO THE PEC WILL ENSURE SAFETY AND
PREVENT ELECTRICAL FIRES
Energy management,
maintenance, and power
quality issues aren’t within
the scope of the PEC.
Consideration should be
given for future expansion
of electrical systems but this
is not a Code requirement.
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL
Electrical Fires, PEC & Grounding
ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. Region IV- Tagaytay City, March 28, 2008
IIEE Regional Conference 40
Installation rules
Example:
1. A disconnecting means shall be located within
sight from the motor controller. Section
4.30.102
2. In class II Division I Locations, motors,
generators, and other rotating electric
machinery shall be dust ignition proof or totally
enclosed pipe ventilated and shall be approved
for class II locations. Sections 5.02.8
Manufacturing rules
Example:
Section 4.30.1.7
A motor shall be marked with the following
information:
1) Manufacturer’s Name
2) Rated Volts and Full-load Amperes
3) Rated Frequency and Number of Phases, if
an alternating current motor,
etc.
4) Rated full-load speed
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL
Electrical Fires, PEC & Grounding
ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. Region IV- Tagaytay City, March 28, 2008
IIEE Regional Conference 44
Accessible, Readily
Accessible, Readily
Wiring Methods
Wiring Methods
Wiring Methods
Definitions
1. Ground
2. Grounded
3. Grounded Conductor
4. Grounding Conductor
5. Grounding Electrode
6. Grounding Electrode Conductor
7. Equipment Grounding Conductor
8. Effectively Grounded
9. Solidly Grounded
10. (Grounded) Neutral Conductor
11. Bonding
12. Bonding Jumper
Ground
PEC 1.0.1
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL
Electrical Fires, PEC & Grounding
ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. Region IV- Tagaytay City, March 28, 2008
IIEE Regional Conference 50
Grounded
PEC 1.0.1
Ground, Grounded
PEC1.0.1 Ground,
Grounded, and
Effectively Grounded
Grounded Conductor
PEC 1.0.1
Grounding Conductor
Grounding Conductor
PEC 1.0.1
Grounding Electrode
PEC-
2.50.3
Grounding Electrode,
Grounding Electrode Conductor
PEC 1.0.1
Effectively Grounded
Intentionally connected to earth
through a ground connection or
connections of sufficiently low
impedance and having sufficient
current-carrying capacity to prevent
the buildup of voltages that may
result in undue hazards to connected
equipment or to persons.
Solidly Grounded
Neutral Conductor
(PEC 2.50.2.17(b))
Grounded Conductor
Grounded Conductor
Bonding or Bonded
Bonding Jumper
NEC 250 =
PEC 2.50
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.16(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(a)
Section 2.50.1.6(c)
Means of Identifying
Grounded Conductor
PEC 2.1.1.6(a)
This means that you can use either white or gray to identify
the grounded neutral conductor of a single wiring system
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL
Electrical Fires, PEC & Grounding
ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. Region IV- Tagaytay City, March 28, 2008
IIEE Regional Conference 82
Means of Identifying
Grounded Conductor
PEC 2.1.1.6(a)
Means of Identifying
Grounded Conductor
Insulated grounded conductor larger than 6
AWG or 14 mm2 to be identified by the one
of the following methods: PEC 2.1.1.6(b)
1. By a white or gray outer finish
2. By three continuous white stripes, on
other than green insulation, running
along the entire length of conductor
3. By a distinctive white marking ,encircling
the conductor, placed there at the time
of installation, and the identifying the
grounded conductor at each termination
(The identification may be by tagging,
marking, painting or other effective
means)
BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL
Electrical Fires, PEC & Grounding
ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. Region IV- Tagaytay City, March 28, 2008
IIEE Regional Conference 84
Means of Identifying
Grounded Conductor
Identification of Equipment
Grounding Conductors
PEC 2.50.6.10
Identification of Equipment
Grounding Conductors
But, for a grounding conductor larger than No. 6
AWG or 14 mm2, an insulated conductor of other
than green color or green with yellow stripes may be
used provided one of the following steps is taken:
PEC-2.50.6.10(a)
1. Stripping the insulation from an insulated
conductor of another color (say black) for the
entire length that is exposed on the box or
other enclosure so that the conductor appear
as a bare conductor.
2. Painting the exposed insulation green for its
entire length within the enclosure.
3. Wrapping the entire length of exposed insulation
with green-colored tape or green-colored
adhesive labels.
Electric Shock
Electric Shock
Severity
1. Path of Current
through Body
2. Length of Time
Current Flows
3. Amount of Current
through Body
1- 5 mA Threshold of sensation
200 6 4
300 4 2
400 3 1
500 2 1/0
600 1 2/0
800 1/0 3/0
1000 2/0 4/0
1200 3/0 250
1600 4/0 350
2000 250 400
2500 350 600 Note: Where necessary to
3000 400 600 comply with 2.50.1.4(a)(5) or
(b)(4), the equipment
4000 500 800 grounding conductor shall be
5000 700 1200 sized larger than given in this
6000 800 1200 table.
Bonded
Effective Grounding
A violation of PEC
Art. 2.50.3.11
which prohibits
using the same
grounding
electrode for a
lightning rod
system and a
system supply.
Effective Grounding
Effective Grounding
Effective Grounding
Effective Grounding
Effective Grounding