Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
INFORMATION
SYSTEM
Information System in Organizations
Learning Objectives
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. INFORMATION
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. SYSTEM
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,
Organizations And
Information Systems
Definition Organizations
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. INFORMATION
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. SYSTEM
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,
Organizations And
Information Systems
General Model Organisasi
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizations And
Information Systems
The Value Chain of a Manufacturing Company
➢ Value chain
❖ Serangkaian dari kegiatan yang mencakup logistik, gudang dan
penyimpanan, produksi, penyimpanan produk jadi, pemasaran
dan penjualan, dan layanan pelanggan.
➢ Value
❖ Mungkin berarti harga yang lebih rendah , layanan yang lebih
baik , kualitas yang lebih tinggi, atau keunikan produk .
❖ value berasal dari keterampilan, pengetahuan , waktu , dan
energi bahwa perusahaan berinvestasi dalam produk atau
kegiatan .
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizations And
Information Systems
The Value Chain of a Manufacturing Company
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Structures
Definition ?
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Structures
Traditional Organizational Structure
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Structures
Project and Team Organizational Structures
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Structures
Project and Team Organizational Structures
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Structures
Virtual Organizational Structure
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Organizational Culture and Change
Culture, Organizational Culture and organizational change
➢ Culture
❖ seperangkat pemahaman utama dan asumsi bersama oleh sebuah
kelompok ,
❖ seperti dalam suatu kelompok etnis atau negara .
➢ Organizational Culture
❖ terdiri dari pemahaman utama dan asumsi untuk bisnis, perusahaan, atau
organisasi lain.
❖ pemahaman ini dapat mencakup kepercayaan umum, nilai-nilai, dan
pendekatan untuk pengambilan keputusan.
➢ Organizational change
❖ berkaitan dengan bagaimana organisasi merencanakan, melaksanakan,
dan menangani perubahan.
❖ perubahan dapat disebabkan oleh :
▪ faktor internal, seperti yang diprakarsai oleh karyawan di semua tingkatan, atau
▪ faktor eksternal, seperti kegiatan yang ditimbulkan oleh pesaing, pemegang
saham, undang-undang, peraturan masyarakat, kejadian alam (seperti badai),
dan kondisi umum ekonomi.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Reengineering and Continuous
Improvement
Reengineering ?
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Reengineering and Continuous
Improvement
Reengineering ?
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Reengineering and Continuous
Improvement
Continuous Improvement ?
➢ Continuous Improvement
❖ Terus-menerus mencari cara untuk meningkatkan proses bisnis
untuk menambah nilai produk dan jasa.
➢ Perubahan terus-menerus ini akan meningkatkan
kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan dan memastikan
keuntungan jangka panjang.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Reengineering and Continuous
Improvement
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Outsourcing, On-Demand Computing,
and Downsizing
Outsourcing ?
➢ Outsourcing
❖ Kontrak dengan layanan profesional luar untuk memenuhi
kebutuhan bisnis yang spesifik.
❖ Sebagian besar biaya organisasi digunakan untuk menyewa,
melatih, dan kompensasi staf berbakat.
➢ Organisasi mencoba untuk mengendalikan biaya dengan
menentukan jumlah karyawan yang mereka butuhkan
untuk mempertahankan barang dan jasa berkualitas
tinggi.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Outsourcing, On-Demand Computing,
and Downsizing
On-demand computing ?
➢ On-demand computing
❖ perluasan dari pendekatan outsourcing
❖ persetujuan untuk sumber daya komputer untuk secara cepat merespon berbagai alur kerja
organisasi.
❖ Juga disebut on-demand bisnis dan utilitas komputasi.
➢ Hal ini sering disebut komputasi utilitas karena organisasi membayar untuk
sumber daya komputasi dari konsultan perusahaan, seperti membayar listrik dari
perusahaan utilitas/penyedia layanan.
➢ Pendekatan ini memperlakukan sistem termasuk hardware, software, database ,
telekomunikasi, personel, dan lain
➢ Dengan kata lain, bukan membeli hardware, software, dan sistem database,
tetapi organisasi hanya membayar biaya untuk pemakaian sistem yang
dibutuhkan.
➢ Pendekatan ini dapat menghemat uang karena organisasi tidak membayar untuk
sistem yang tidak secara rutin perlu. Hal ini juga memungkinkan IS staf
organisasi untuk berkonsentrasi pada isu-isu yang lebih strategis .
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Outsourcing, On-Demand Computing,
and Downsizing
Downsizing ?
➢ Downsizing
❖ Mengurangi jumlah karyawan untuk memotong biaya.
➢ Perampingan melibatkan mengurangi jumlah karyawan
untuk memotong biaya.
➢ Daripada memilih proses bisnis yang spesifik untuk
berhemat, perusahaan biasanya melihat ke berhemat di
seluruh perusahaan. Perampingan jelas mengurangi
total biaya gaji, meskipun semangat kerja karyawan
dapat menderita.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Definition ?
➢ Competitive Advantage
❖ Manfaat jangka panjang yang signifikan dan (idealnya) untuk
perusahaan selama kompetisi dan dapat menghasilkan
produk-produk berkualitas tinggi, layanan pelanggan yang lebih
baik, dan biaya yang lebih rendah.
➢ Membangun dan mempertahankan keunggulan
kompetitif itu kompleks, tapi kelangsungan hidup dan
kemakmuran perusahaan bergantung pada
keberhasilannya dalam melakukannya.
➢ Suatu organisasi sering menggunakan sistem informasi
untuk membantu mencapai keunggulan kompetitif.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Factors That Lead Firms to Seek Competitive Advantage
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Factors That Lead Firms to Seek Competitive Advantage
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Factors That Lead Firms to Seek Competitive Advantage
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Strategic Planning for Competitive Advantage
➢ Cost leadership.
❖ Memberikan biaya serendah mungkin untuk produk dan layanan.
❖ Cost leadership sering dicapai dengan mengurangi biaya bahan baku
melalui perundingan agresif dengan pemasok, menjadi lebih efisien
dengan proses produksi dan manufaktur, dan mengurangi
pergudangan dan biaya pengiriman.
❖ Beberapa perusahaan menggunakan outsourcing untuk memotong
biaya ketika memproduksi produk atau memberikan layanan jasa.
➢ Differentiation.
❖ Memberikan produk dan layanan yang berbeda.
❖ Strategi ini dapat melibatkan memproduksi berbagai produk,
memberikan pelanggan lebih banyak pilihan, atau menghasilkan
produk dan layanan berkualitas tinggi.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Competitive Advantage
Strategic Planning for Competitive Advantage
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Performance-Based Information
Systems
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Performance-Based Information
Systems
Return on Investment and the Value of Information Systems
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Careers In Information Systems
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM
Information System in Organizations
Summary
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2010. Introduction to information systems (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
O’Brien, J., & James A. 2011. Management Information Systems (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Ralph M. Stair and George W. Reynolds. 2010 . Principles of Information Systems A Managerial Approach, 9th ed. Boston. INFORMATION
R. Kelly Rainer Jr. and Casey G. Cegielski John. 2011. Introduction to Information Systems, Third Edit. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, SYSTEM