A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science Grade 8

(Grade 8-5, 8-9, 8-13, 8-20)

June 27, 2019

I - Objectives

In the end of our 60-minute class period the students will be able to know:

a. Define the term work

b) Identify the force that does the work
c) Calculate the work done by a force in various situations
d) Determine the relationship between the work done and the energy transferred

II- Subject Matter

a. Topic: . Work and Energy

Subtopics: The scientific concept of work
Calculating concept of work
b. References: Science Learner’s Module pg. 21-25
c. Materials: visual models

III - Procedure:

A. Learning activities
Teacher’s activity Student’s activities
“Good Day Class” Good day ma’am

“Okay! Let us Pray.” (students stand and pray)

(Checking of Attendance) Class monitor “nobody is absent

“Class Monitor who is absent for today?” for today ma’am

“Okay Class pick up the pieces of paper on the floor” Students pick up the pieces of
paper on the floor

Today we will discuss the Energy. Are you familiar with Yes Ma’am
the word energy class?

Energy is a vital part of our daily lives. Our day to day

activities involve the use of energy in order to perform
work. Right?

The food we eat gives our body the energy for

movement. When we move something, like pushcart,
work is done. Whenever work is done, energy is
changed into different forms.
Understand class? Yes Ma’am
Motivation The Girl Mam!

Let us look at this figure on the board. Who do you

think does more work? The boy or girl? ( figure posted
on the board)

Anyone? Yes?

And when do we say that work is done in a particular

action? We will find it out later. Doing assignments, reading and
reporting ma’am.
Discussion
Work may have different meaning for different people.
For students, what do you think are works of a
student?
Yes? Movement ma’am.

Yes, thank you. Adults may also go to work everyday.

In these examples work refers to a task that is
accomplished by exerting physical and mental efforts.
Work makes us tired because we are transferring
energy as we do work. But in physics, work is done
whenever a force produces what?
Any idea? Yes Ma’am

Yes, exactly. So, in this figure, whenever you attempt

to push a cart and nothing happens, even if you are
exerting force but by definition you do no work on the
cart. Okay? Students: Yes, ma’am.

On the other hand, if you push a cart and it moves, you

have already accomplished is defined in physics as
work. Understand class? “a. There must be force acting
on the object,
The term work has an explicit quantitative and b. the object must has to move a
operational definition. For work to be done three certain distance called
conditions must be met. Please read the following: displacement,
c. there must be a component of
the force in the direction of
motion.”

Ma’am they are parallel.

Thank you. So let’s try to look at this. A mother lifting

up the baby from the crib does work on the baby while
a father carrying the baby across the room does not do
any work on the baby. Why do you think so? Any idea?

Okay, what did you notice about the direction of the

force and its displacement in the first figure?

Yes, correct! So, what can you conclude by that? Work is done by the mother as
she lifts the baby because the
component of the force exerted
 on the baby is parallel to the
displacement.

This was the third condition for work to be done. Force No work is done by the father as
must be parallel to the displacement. And on the other he carries the baby because no
hand why do you think no work is done in the second part of the force is parallel to the
figure? displacement.

Very Good!

So let us have this activity.

“Is there work done?”

( activity posted on the board )

Tell whether the situations shown below represent

examples of work. Identify the one doing the work and
on which object the work is done. Write in your
notebook your answers and explanations.

Is there work done?

Answers to Questions
A girl is pulling her toy car.

Yes, the situation is an example of work. The work is

done by the girl on the cart. The force exerted by the
girl in pulling the toy car is in the same direction as the
distance covered when the force is applied.

A man is lifting a box to be placed on a table.

Yes, the situation is an example of work. The work is

done by the man on the box. The force exerted by the
man is upward and the box is displaced upward.

A girl carrying a bag walks down the street.

No, the situation is not an example of work. There is
force (the shoulder pushes up the bag) and there is
displacement (the bag is moved horizontally). However,
the line of action of the force and the displacement are
not parallel but perpendicular. The distance covered is
not along the direction of the applied force.

A mango fruit falling from the branch

Yes, the situation is an example of work. The work is
done by the force of gravity on the mango. In this case,
the mango loses energy as you will find out in the
discussion of potential energy.

Okay class let us move on. So, specifically, the work

done on an object by an applied force is defined as the
product of magnitude of the displacement multiplied
by the component of the force parallel to the
displacement.

Calculating Work
Work is done when the force (F) applied to the object
causes the object to have a displacement (d) in the
same direction as the force applied. The symbol for
work is a capital W. The work done by a force can be
calculated as
W = Fd

AS you have learned in Chapter 1, the unit of force is,

Hence the unit of Work, W

The unit, joule (J) is named after the English Physicist

James Prescott Joule. This is also a unit of energy. One
(1) Joule is equal to the work done or energy expended
in applying a force of one Newton through a distance
of one meter.

Sample problem:
Suppose a woman is pushing a grocery cart with a 500
Newton force along the 7 meters aisle, how much work
is done in pushing the cart from one end of the aisle to
the other?
 Generalization:
 Work is done if the object you push moves a
distance in the direction towards which you
are pushing it.
 No work is done if the force you exert does not
make the object move.
 No work is done if the force you exert does not
make the object move in the same direction as
the force you exerted.

IV – Evaluation

Put a check before the item if work is done to an object or person.

____a. a boy running across a playground

____b. a mother dancing with a baby in her arms
____c. a basket being lifted
____d. a person in an ascending elevator
____e. a big box dragged across the floor
____f. a man climbing up a tree
____ g. a girl walking up the stairs

Sample Problem:

A book of mass 1 kg is on the floor. If the book is lifted from the floor to the top shelf which is 2 meters
from the floor, how much work is done on the book?

V - Assignment

On a one-half sheet of paper, write the definition of kinetic and potential energy.

Prepared by:

IRIS S. DE LEON
Teacher I
June 27, 2019