FAMILY HEALTH CENTER

KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

AMAL JOSEPH
REGISTER NUMBER: 17031031
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 FAMILY HEALTH CENTER
KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

AMALKRISHNA A B
REGISTER NUMBER: 17031032
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 FAMILY HEALTH CENTER
KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
AMALKRISHNAN M
REGISTER NUMBER: 17031034
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 FAMILY HEALTH CENTER
KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

ANAND P S
REGISTER NUMBER: 17031035
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 FAMILY HEALTH CENTER
KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
ANANTHU VIJAYAN
REGISTER NUMBER: 17031036
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 FAMILY HEALTH CENTER
KENICHIRA,POOTHADI

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

AMAL JOSEPH REGISTER NUMBER: 17031031

AMALKRISHNA A B REGISTER NUMBER: 17031032
AMALKRISHNAN M REGISTER NUMBER: 17031034
ANAND P S REGISTER NUMBER: 17031035
ANANTHU VIJAYAN REGISTER NUMBER: 17031036

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the

Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MEENANGADI- 673591
MARCH 2019
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE MEENANGADI

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “GOVERNMENT AYURVEDIC

DISPENSARY” submitted by “AMAL JOSEPH REGISTER NO: 17031031”,

“AMALKRISHNA A B REGISTER NO: 17031032”, “AMALKRISHNAN M

REGISTER NO: 17031034”, “ANAND P S REGISTER NO:17031035”, “ANANTHU

VIJAYAN REGISTER NO:17031036” in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award

of the DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING in “ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING” is a bona fide record of the work carried out under my guidance and

supervision at Government Polytechnic College,Meenangadi and “Family Health Center

Kenichira,Poothadi"

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

SUPERVISOR EXTERNAL SUPERVISOR

NAME OF HOS

This project report was evaluated by us on............................

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of this mini project would not be
possible without the mention of the people who made it possible, without whose constant
guidance and encouragement would have made efforts go in vain. I consider myself privileged
to express gratitude and respect towards all those who guided us through the completion of this
project.

I extremely grate to our guide Mr. RIJIL V R Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering for valuable guidance and S4 Class Tutor, suggestion and inspirations throughout
the mini project.

I grateful to Mr. EARLICE C M, Head of the Department Electrical and Electronics

Engineering for giving me the support and encouragement that was necessary for the
completion of this mini project.

I would also like to express my gratitude to Mrs. PARVATHI BHASKAR, Principal,

Government polytechnic college, for providing us congenial environment to work.

Above all I thank God Almighty for providing me with right atmosphere and mental strength
to work and for helping me to make my project a successful one.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of this mini project would not be
possible without the mention of the people who made it possible, without whose constant
guidance and encouragement would have made efforts go in vain. We consider ourselves
privileged to express gratitude and respect towards all those who guided us through the
completion of this project.

We extremely grate to our guide Mr. RIJIL V R Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering for valuable guidance and S4 Class Tutor, suggestion and inspirations throughout
the mini project.

We grateful to Mr. EARLICE C M, Head of the Department Electrical and Electronics

Engineering for giving us the support and encouragement that was necessary for the completion
of this mini project.

We would also like to express our gratitude to Mrs. PARVATHI BHASKAR, Principal,
Government polytechnic college, for providing us congenial environment to work.

Above all we thank God Almighty for providing us with right atmosphere and mental
strength to work and for helping us to make our project a successful one.
 ABSTRACT

Electrical maintenance covers all aspects of testing, monitoring, fixing, and

replacing elements of an electrical system. Usually performed by a licensed
professional with a complete knowledge of the National Electric Code and local
regulations.
We are conducted conduit wiring maintenance and electrical installation in
Government Ayurvedic Dispensary Ambalavayal. This institution provides many medical
helps to local people. But this institution was not able to provide suitable help in some
situation due to some fault in electrical installation. So we selected the Government
Ayurvedic Dispensary Ambalavayal for our mini project work.
 CONTENTS

5s REPORT
Abstract
Introduction
What is 5s
Why do we implement 5s
How to implement 5s
Work at glance
Conclusion

MINI PROJECT REPORT

Title page
Certificates
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Contents
List of figures
List of tables
Conclusion
5S REPORT
 INTRODUTION
A mini project is an assignment that strengthen the understanding of one fundamentals
through effective application of theoretical concepts.It acts like a beginner guide to do larger
projects later and their career. Electrical maintenance covers all aspects of testing,monitoring,
fixing, and replacing elements of an electrical system. Usually performed by a licensed
professional with a complete knowledge of the National Electric Code and local regulations
electrical maintenance covers areas as diverse as:

– Digital communication

– Electrical machines
– Generators

– Hydraulics
– Lighting systems
– Pneumatics
– Surge protection
– Transformers.

To do better maintenance,we want to follow 5S methodology in our work place. Successful

project improvement manages implementing lean manufacturing techniques use 5S
methodology to eliminate waste and improve customer satisfaction.
 WHAT IS 5S?
5S is a workplace organization method that uses a list of five Japanese words: seiri, seiton ,
seisō , seiketsu, and shitsuke.These have been translated as "Sort", "Set In
order","Shine","Standardize" and "Sustain". The list describes how to organize a work space
for efficiency and effectiveness by identifying and storing the items used, maintaining the
area and items, and sustaining the new order. The decision-making process usually comes
from a dialogue about standardization, which builds understanding among employees of how
they should do the work. In some quarters, 5S has become 6S, the sixth element being safety.

Other than a specific stand-alone methodology, 5S is frequently viewed as an element of a

broader construct known as visual control, visual workplace, or visual factory .Under those
(and similar) terminologies, Western companies were applying underlying concepts of 5S
before publication, in English, of the formal 5S methodology. For example, a workplace-
organization photo from Tennant Company (a Minneapolis-based manufacturer) quite similar
to the one accompanying this article appeared in a manufacturingmanagement book in 1986.
HOW TO PRACTICE 5S?
To practice 5S we have to go through 5 different procedures.

1. SORT –SEIRI
Seiri is sorting through all items in a location and removing all unnecessary items from the
location.

Goals:

Reduce time loss looking for an item by reducing the number of items.
Reduce the chance of distraction by unnecessary items.
Simplify inspection.
Increase the amount of available, useful space.
Increase safety by eliminating obstacles.
Implementation:
Check all items in a location and evaluate whether or not their presence at the location is
useful or necessary.
Remove unnecessary items as soon as possible. Place thosethat cannot be removed
immediately in a 'red tag area' so that they are easy to remove later on.
Keep the working floor clear of materials except for those
that are in use to production.

WHAT WE HAVE DONE:

Removed unwanted particles from the labs and sorted beggary items used for day to day
experiments.
2. SET IN ORDER – SEITON
Seiton is putting all necessary items in the optimal place for fulfilling their function in the
workplace.
Goal:
Make the workflow smooth and easy. Implementation:
Arrange work stations in such a way that all tooling /equipment is in close proximity, in an
easy to reach spot and in a logical order adapted to the work performed. Place components
according to their uses, with the frequently used components being nearest to the workplace.
Arrange all necessary items so that they can be easily selected for use. Make it easy to find
and pick up necessary items.

Assign fixed locations for items. Use clear labels, marks or hints so that items are easy to
return to the correct location and so that it is easy to spot missing items.
WHAT WE HAVE DONE:
Made the lab in an arranged shape by setting up everything that needed in the lab.
3. SHINE – SEISO
Seiso is sweeping or cleaning and inspecting the workplace, tools and machinery on a regular
basis.

Goals:

Prevent deterioration.
Keep the workplace safe and easy to work in.
Keep the workplace clean and pleasing to work in.
When in place, anyone not familiar to the environment must be able to detect any problems
within 50 feet in 5 sec.
Implementation:
Clean the workplace and equipment on a daily basis, or at another appropriate (high
frequency) cleaning interval.
Inspect the workplace and equipment while cleaning.
WHAT WE HAVE DONE:
Wiped the lab and dumped the scrap items into waste bins.
4. STANDARDIZE – SEIKETSU
Seiketsu is to standardize the processes used to sort, order and clean the workplace.
Goal:

Establish procedures and schedules to ensure the repetition of the first three ‘S’ practices.
Implementation:
Develop a work structure that will support the new practices and make it part of the daily
routine.

Ensure everyone knows their responsibilities of performing the sorting, organizing and
cleaning.
Use photos and visual controls to help keep everything as it should be.
Review the status of 5S implementation regularly using audit checklists.
WHAT WE HAVE DONE:
We ensured that all the work done is properly done and maintained.
5.SUSTAIN – SHITSUKE
Shitsuke or sustain the developed processes by self-discipline of the workers. Also translates
as "do without being told".

Goal:
Ensure that the 5S approach is followed.
Implementation:
Organize training sessions.
Perform regular audits to ensure that all defined standards are being implemented and
followed.
Implement improvements whenever possible. Worker inputs can be very valuable for
identifying improvements.

When issues arise, identify their cause and implement the changes necessary to avoid
recurrence.
WHAT WE HAVE DONE:
All the students in our group contributed their maximum effort in the work.
MAINTENANCE WORK DONE BY OUR TEAM
Maintenance Spots:-
1.Electrical workshop
2. Digital electronics lab
3.Electronics and communication lab
Key Problems :
Fan isn’t working
We are cross checked total number of 11 fans and found that 3 are properly working and the
remaining are either working or partially working. The main problems and
solutions are as following;
Capacitor defective:-There is no sparking effect when shorting the charged capacitor.
Solution: replaced the capacitor.
Loose contact:-The main supply wires weren't not connected properly
Solution:-Tightened the wires by using screws and insulation tapes
Winding defective:-Fan is not working and when checked there was no continuity in the
windings.
Solution:-Replaced the coils.
 Regulator defective:-Fan is working in the constant speed.
So we found out that regulator is damaged.
Solution:-Replaced the fan regulator with a new one.
Tube light is not working
Starter defective:-Tube light of not glowing and also often flashing. So we found out that
the starter is damaged by using a series test lamp.
Solution: Replaced the starter with new one
Choke defective:-While checking with a series test lamp,the test lamp glows brightly.
Solution: Replaced the choke with new one.
Rewired the lab for getting suitable switch points.
 CONCLUSION

The 5S methodology is a well recognized methodology used by the Japanese for improving
the work environment. The 5S process provides a frame work by which to accomplish a more
efficient work area. It was found to be a key to quality and productivity. By following the 5S
protocol implementing it throughout the company in section and empowering the employees
to make suggestion and take action, the 5S has been a success. The 5S practice helps everyone
in the organization to live a better life.
 MINI
PROJECT
REPORT
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The report has been submitted as a requirement to completion of mini project. The topic of the
mini project is Electrical Maintenance and repairing at Family Health Center Kenichira,
Poothadi. This mini project aims on replacing, fitting and repairing electrical conduits in the
health center.

Wiring is a network to connect electricity to the load. It contains controlling devices such as
main switch, distribution board etc.., safety devices such as fuses, breakers etc., such elements
would damage any time.

While doing this mini project we followed the “5s” methodology (SORT, SET IN ORDER,
SHINE, STANDARDIZATION, SUSTAIN).
CHAPTER 2

WORK AT A GLANCE

❖
Checked the efficient working off the health center

❖
Removed unwanted points that exposed to air

❖
Cleaned the main switch

❖
Added plug points and regulators in various rooms

❖
Checked the working of protective devices.
2.1. CONTINUITY TESTING

Continuity testing measures the resistance between two points in ohms. Low resistance means
that the circuit is closed and there is electrical continuity. High resistance means that the circuit
is open and continuity is lacking .Continuity testing can also help determine if two points are
connected that should not be. Infield applications, hand held multi meters with dual probes are
used

2.2. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT TESTING

Most electrical equipment at the FAMILY HEALTH CENTER must be tested. This reduces
the risk to people using the equipment. As a board of trustees, testing electrical equipment is
part of your legal obligations.

Must test:
❖
All equipment that’s designed to be plugged into the low voltage power supply

❖
Portable outlet devices or power boards

❖
Flexible cords that are connected to equipment in high-risk environments, like
laboratories

❖
Portable transformers

❖
Battery chargers
 ❖
Portable heavy-duty tools

❖
Residual current devices

We need equipment to do a thorough test. Portable appliance testers are ideal for this and they
can be purchased or hired. The simpler versions work by plugging the appliance into the tester,
and green or red light shows if it passes or fails.
2.3. EXTENSION OF PLUG POINTS

It include the addition of plug points, lamps etc to an existing wiring system, for this work
extra conduit is needed .The wire is connected to the equipments and supply. The all
wiring installation must obey the rule of IEE.

2.4. REPLACEMENT OF FAN REGULATOR

The fan regulator at the workplace was old one and defective one that means the regulator is
short corrected and are not useful for further applications. So we decided to change it. We
brought a new fan regulator unit and replaced it with the old one.
2.5. ADDITION OF PENDENT HOLDERS AND BULBS
We added many bulbs and pendent holders at the FAMILY HEALTH CENTER. Also a
point for a tube light is provided with the switch board which contains the plug point and
indicator. A Miniature Circuit Breaker also provided near the main switch unit for better
protection of the electrical circuit.

2.6. REMOVED OLD MOTOR STARTER

Starters are play a key role for the safe and reliable operation of the motor that provided for
pumping water. It helps the motor to work properly without any damage. Starter helps the
motor to reduce the high current at starting.
 MATERIALS USED FOR WIRING

3.1. PVC CONDUIT PIPES AND FITTINGS

3.1.1. CONDUIT
PVC pipe is a tubular section, or hollow cylinder, made of plastic. It is usually, but not
necessarily, of circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow—
liquids and gases (fluids), slurries, powders and masses of small solids. It can also be used for
structural applications; hollow pipes are far stiffer per unit weight than solid members.

An electrical conduit is a tube used to protect and route electrical wiring in a building or
structure. Electrical conduit may be made of metal, plastic, fibre, or fired clay. Most conduits
are rigid, but flexible conduit is used for some purposes.

Conduit is generally installed by electricians at the site of installation of electrical equipment.

Its use, form, and installation details are often specified by wiring regulations, such as the US
National Electrical Code (NEC) and other building codes.
3.1.2. BEND FITTINGS

To turn the direction of the PVC pipe bend fittings are commonly used in wiring systems .It is
also made up of PVC. Therefore it is less costly. These should never be sharp. The minimum
radius of curvature allowable is 2 times the outside diameter of conduit.
3.2. SWITCHES AND SOCKET

3.2.1. SWITCHES

In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical component that can "make" or "break" an

electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another .The
mechanism of a switch removes or restores the conducting path in a circuit when it is operated.
It may be operated manually, for example, a light switch or a keyboard button, may be operated
by a moving object such as a door, or may be operated by some sensing element for pressure,
temperature or flow. A switch will have one or more sets of contacts, which may operate
simultaneously, sequentially, or alternately. Switches in high-powered circuits must operate
rapidly to prevent destructive arcing, and may include special features to assist in rapidly
interrupting a heavy current. Multiple forms of actuators are used for operation by hand or to
sense position, level, temperature or flow. Special types are used, for example, for control of
machinery, to reverse electric motors, or to sense liquid level. Many specialized forms exist. A
common use is control of lighting, where multiple switches may be wired into one circuit to
allow convenient control of light fixtures.
3.2.2. PLUGS

AC power plugs and sockets are devices that allow electrically operated equipment to be
connected to the primary alternating current (AC) power supply in a building. Electrical plugs
and sockets differ in voltage and current rating, shape, size and type of connectors. The types
used in each country are set by national standards, some of which are listed in the IEC technical
report TR 60083, Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized
in member countries of IEC. The scope of IEC TR 60083 states:

"The report only contains systems for which standard sheets have been published in a National
Standard, which may be a National Standard of the country itself or any other IEC member
country".
Fig. 4.4. Plug
3.3. LAMP HOLDER

Light bulb sockets, light sockets lamp sockets or lamp holders provide electrical connections
to the lamps and support it in the lighting fixture. The use of sockets allows lamps to be safely
and conveniently replaced (re-lamping). There are many different standards for these lamp
holders, created by various standards bodies

A general coding system is a letter or abbreviation followed by a number. Some miniature

lamps have wire leads suitable for direct connection to wires; some reflector lamps have screw
terminals for wire connections.
Fig. 4.5. Lamp holder
3.4. WIRES AND CABLES

Electrical wires are usually covered with insulating materials, such as plastic, rubber-like
polymers, or varnish. Insulating and jacketing of wires and cables is nowadays done by passing
them through an extruder. Formerly, materials used for insulation included treated cloth or
paper and various oil-based products. Since the mid-1960s, plastic and polymers exhibiting
properties similar to rubber have predominated.
 Fig. 4.6. Wires and cables

Two or more wires may be wrapped concentrically, separated by insulation, to form coaxial
cable. The wire or cable may be further protected with substances like paraffin, some kind of
preservative compound, bitumen, lead, aluminium sheathing, or steel taping. Stranding or
covering machines wind material onto wire which passes through quickly. Some of the smallest
machines for cotton covering have a large drum, which grips the wire and moves it through
toothed gears; the wire passes through the centre of disks mounted above a long bed, and the
disks carry each a number of bobbins varying from six to twelve or more in different machines.
A supply of covering material is wound on each bobbin, and the end is led on to the wire, which
occupies a central position relatively to the bobbins; the latter being revolved at a suitable speed
bodily with their disks, the cotton is consequently served on to the wire, winding in spiral
fashion so as to overlap. If a large number of strands are required the disks
are duplicated, so that as many as sixty spools may be carried, the second set of strands being
laid over the firs

3.5. MAIN SWITCH BOARD

As per Indian Electricity Rule 50 a suitable linked switch (a switch operating simultaneously
on phase or line and neutral wires) is to be provided immediately after the meter board. This
rule also stipulates that a suitable cut out must be provided just after the linked switch to protect
the circuit against excessive current. The linked main switch and fuse unit may be provided as
one unit or as separate units.

Switch fuse is a combined unit and is known as iron clad switch, being made of iron. It may
be double pole for controlling single phase two wire circuits or triple pole for controlling three
phase, three wire circuits or triple pole with neutral link for controlling three phase, four wire
circuits. The respective switches are known as double pole iron clad (DPIC), triple pole iron
clad (TPIC), and triple pole with neutral link iron clad (TPNIC) switches.

Fig. 4.7. Main switch

3.6. MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (M C B)

It is a device that provides definite protection to the wiring installations and sophisticated
equipment against over currents and short circuit faults. Thermal operation (over load
protection) is achieved with a bimetallic strip, which deflects when heated by any over currents
flowing through it. In doing so, releases the latch mechanism and causes the contacts open.
Inverse time current characteristics results, that is; greater the over load or excessive current,
shorter the time required to operate the MCB. On the occurrence of a short circuit, the rising
current energises the solenoid, operating the plunger to strike the trip the level causing
immediate release of the latch mechanism. Rapidity of the magnetic solenoid operation causes
instantaneous opening of contacts

Fig.4.8.Miniature Circuit Breaker

3.7. CO BOX

It is use to turn the direction of 1 or more pipes into different directions.

Fig.4.9. co box
PHOTOS OF THE WORK
PHOTOS OF REMOVED MATERIALS
CHAPTER 5

ESTIMATION DETAILS
CHAPTER 6

MINI PROJECT DIARY

The mini project at FAMILY HEALTH CENTER POOTHADI,KENICHIRA

had successfully completed by the 4th group of second year ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING students. Our group includes 5 members. We had estimated
the materials required for the maintenance on 15th February .We had reached at the Family
health center at 11 am on 23rd February for the maintenance works. As a first step of our mini
project, the letter from our college had submitted to the respected MEDICAL OFFICER. The
maintenance works are started on 23rd morning at 11 am. Initially all the workers had reached
at the office room on time. We purchased the materials required for the wiring as per the
estimation. We started our work by removing the unwanted motor starter. Then we added extra
connection to the health inspector’s room in the health center. In that room also we added a
plug point with an indicator and also a point for a tube light.

Next wee entered into the vaccination room and we added two LED tube lights
and it's corresponding switches. At the main hall, we had replaced the old ceiling rose of fan
with a new one and also replaced the bulb holder.Also we added tube lights. In the public
nurse’s room we replaced a ceiling Rose day with a new one. At the dressing room we added
more lights. We had finished all our maintenance works within one day of work and
successfully completed our mini project.
CHAPTER 7

CONCLUSION

This project was a big experience to us. The 5 stars group including me had really enjoyed this
work from beginning to the end. We were very happy to complete the project successfully. The
whole team member becomes very active and engaged during the work with one mind. We could
attain this achievement may be because of our unity. Many struggles had been faced during our
work. Anyhow we become able to overcome it. Through this project we understand more valuable
information about maintenance of wiring and art of using 5S in it. The FAMILY HEALTH
CENTER employees had informed their gratitude to us for our fabulous contribution.

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