RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS

Part 1:

Tan θ, Output Output Output Output Output Output Output Output Output
φ, Tan φ, φ, Tan φ, φ, Tan φ, velocity velocity velocity
Input α1=45° α1=45°, α1=30° α1=30°, α1=15° α1=15°, φ, φ, φ,
α1=45° α1=30° α1=15°
0 0 -6.5 -0.11393 -4.0 -0.06992 -6.0 -0.10510 1.021679 -0.86541 1.034641
10 0.17632 6 0.105104 4.0 0.069926 4.5 0.078701 1.034641 -0.86541 -0.22014
20 0.36397 20 0.363970 15.0 0.267949 14.0 0.249328 0.473851 -1.00494 0.139292
30 0.57735 31.5 0.612800 25.0 0.466307 24.0 0.445228 1.003494 1.008560 0.497602
40 0.8391 42.5 0.916331 35.5 0.713293 33.5 0.661885 0.089074 -0.75953 -0.60100
50 1.19175 52.5 1.303225 46.0 1.035530 43.5 0.948964 -0.80580 -0.50957 1.065905
60 1.73205 61 1.804047 55.4 1.449582 54.0 1.376381 -0.27521 0.476222 -1.05610
70 2.74748 69.5 2.674621 65.0 2.144506 64.0 2.050303 1.054552 -0.71766 0.450397
80 5.67128 77 4.331475 75.0 3.732050 74.0 3.487414 -0.03100 1.056765 0.176776
90 1.63E+16 84.5 10.38539 84.5 10.38539 84.0 9.514364 -1.04276 -1.04276 -0.90499
100 -1.73205 91.5 -38.1884 92.5 -22.9037 94.0 -14.3006 -1.05604 -0.18151 1.027547
110 -0.57735 99 -6.31375 102.0 -4.70463 103.5 -4.16529 0.039884 0.102633 -1.01416
120 -1.73205 105 -3.73205 110.0 -2.74747 113.0 -2.35585 -0.25489 -1.00097 1.004665
130 -1.19175 114 -2.24603 119.0 -1.80404 122.0 -1.60033 0.811420 1.053779 -1.06594
140 -0.83909 124 -1.48256 129.0 -1.23489 132.0 -1.11061 -0.09357 -1.01777 1.001403
150 -0.57735 134 -1.03553 139.0 -0.86928 142.0 -0.78128 -0.55805 0.956980 -1.04540
160 -0.36397 146 -0.67450 149.0 -0.60086 152.5 -0.52056 0.084551 -0.23491 -0.13468
170 -0.17633 161 -0.34432 161.0 -0.34432 163.0 -0.30573 -0.94897 -0.94897 1.050562
180 -1.2E-16 175 -0.08748 172.0 -0.14054 175.0 -0.08748 0.777139 -0.94072 0.777139
190 0.17633 189 0.158384 183.5 0.061162 184.0 0.069926 1.066353 0.301069 -0.22506
200 0.36397 202 0.404026 194.5 0.258617 194.0 0.249328 0.765403 1.033737 0.949005
210 0.57735 214 0.674508 205.0 0.466307 204.0 0.445228 1.052201 -0.93215 -1.01930
220 0.8391 224 0.965688 216.0 0.726542 214.0 0.674508 -0.75359 -0.95700 1.052201
230 1,19175 233 1.327044 226.0 1.035530 224.0 0.965688 1.065943 1.017771 -0.75359
240 1.732051 242 1.880726 236.0 1.482560 234.0 1.376381 -1.00466 -1.05378 0.048748
250 2.74748 250 2.747477 246.0 2.246036 244.0 2.050303 0.254933 0.741691 0.619525
260 5.67128 257 4.331475 255.0 3.732050 254.5 3.605883 1.051294 -1.06546 -1.00047
270 5.44E+15 264 9.514364 264.5 10.38539 265.0 11.43005 1.005539 1.052583 0.533672
280 -5.67128 271 -57.2899 273.0 -19.0811 274.0 -14.3006 0.904962 -1.04186 -1.02105
290 -2.74748 278 -7.11536 282.0 -4.70463 283.5 -4.16529 0.030974 0.979313 0.968444
300 -1.73205 286 -3.48741 291.0 -2.60508 293.0 -2.35585 -1.00647 -0.45043 -0.89540
310 -1.19175 293 -2.35585 300.0 -1.73205 302.0 -1.60033 -0.89540 -0.02210 1.058158
320 -0.83909 302 -1.60033 309.0 -1.23489 312.0 -1.11061 1.058158 0.509537 -0.70548
330 -0.57735 313 -1.07236 319.0 -0.86928 322.0 -0.78128 0.462125 0.130089 0.013248
340 -0.36397 324 -0.72654 330.0 -0.57735 332.5 -0.52056 -1.05946 -1.00856 1.066318
350 -0.17632 338 -0.40402 341.5 -0.33459 343.0 -0.30573 0.295904 -0.77132 -1.06147
360 -2.5E-16 353 -0.12278 353.5 -0.11393 354.5 -0.09628 0.485651 -0.07112 -1.06634
Part 1 graph:

Output shaft angle vs Input shaft angle

400.0
350.0
300.0
250.0
Output φ

200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-50.0
Input, θ

Output φ, α1=45 Output φ, α1=30° Output φ, α1=15°

Graph 1: Output shaft angle vs Input shaft angle

Output Tan shaft angle vs Input Tan shaft angle

20
10
0
-5.00E+15 -10 0 5.00E+15 1.00E+16 1.50E+16 2.00E+16
Input Tan, φ

-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
Output Tan, φ

Output Tan φ, α1=45°, Output Tan φ, α1=30°,

Output Tan φ, α1=15°,

Graph 2: Output Tan shaft angle vs Input Tan shaft angle

 Output velocity shaft angle vs Input shaft angle
1.5

Output velocity shaft angle

1
0.5
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-0.5
-1
-1.5
Input shaft angle

Output vel oci ty φ, α1=45° Output vel oci ty φ, α1=30°

Output vel oci ty φ, α1=15°

Graph 3: Output velocity shaft angle vs Input shaft angle

Part 2:

Input, θ Output Output φ,

φ, α2=30°(parallel
α1=30° )
0 -6.5 -5.5
10 3.0 3.0
20 12.5 12.5
30 21.0 21.5
40 30.0 31.0
50 40.0 41.0
60 50.5 51.5
70 63.0 62.5
80 72.0 73.5
90 83.0 84.0
100 92.5 94.0
110 101.5 104.0
120 112.5 114.0
130 121.0 123.5
140 131.0 133.0
150 141.0 143.0
160 152.0 153.0
170 162.5 164.0
180 173.5 174.5
190 183.0 184.0
200 193.0 193.5
 210 201.0 203.0
220 210.0 213.0
230 220.0 223.0
240 230.0 233.0
250 241.5 243.5
260 252.5 254.0
270 263.0 264.5
280 273.5 275.0
290 283.5 284.5
300 293.0 294.0
310 302.0 304.0
320 312.5 314.0
330 322.0 323.5
340 332.5 334.0
350 343.0 344.0
360 354.0 354.5

Part 2: Graph

Output shaft angle vs Input shaft angle

400
350
300
250
Output φ

200
150
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
-50
Input, θ

Output φ, α1=30° Output φ, α2=30°(paral l el)

Graph 4: Output shaft angle vs Input shaft angle

Calculation:
Part 1:
Output velocity: cos α /(1-sin^2 α.cos^2 α)
α1=45°

Input, θ=0 Input, θ=240

Cos(-6.5)/((1-sin^2 (-6.5)).(cos^2 (-6.5))) Cos(242)/((1-sin^2 (242)).(cos^2 (242)))

=1.021679 =-1.00466

Input, θ=30 Input, θ=270

Cos(31.5)/((1-sin^2 (31.5)).(cos^2 31.5))) Cos(264)/((1-sin^2 (264)).(cos^2 (264)))

=1.003494 =1.005539

Input, θ=60 Input, θ=300

Cos(61)/((1-sin^2 (61)).(cos^2 (61))) Cos(286)/((1-sin^2 (286)).(cos^2 (286)))

=-0.27521 =-1.00647

Input, θ=90 Input, θ=330

Cos(84.5)/((1-sin^2 (84.5)).(cos^2 (84.5))) Cos(313)/((1-sin^2 (313)).(cos^2 (313)))

=-1.04276 =0.462125

Input, θ=120 Input, θ=360

Cos(105)/((1-sin^2 (105)).(cos^2 (105))) Cos(353)/((1-sin^2 (353)).(cos^2 (353)))

=-0.25489 =0.485651
Input, θ=150

Cos(134)/((1-sin^2 (134)).(cos^2 (134)))

=-0.55805

Input, θ=180

Cos(175)/((1-sin^2 (175)).(cos^2 (175)))

=0.777139

Input, θ=210

Cos(214)/((1-sin^2 (214)).(cos^2 (214)))

=1.052201

α1=30°:

Input, θ=0 Input, θ=240

Cos(-4)/((1-sin^2 (-4)).(cos^2 (-4))) Cos(236)/((1-sin^2 (236)).(cos^2 (236)))

=-0.86541 = -1.05378

Input, θ=30 Input, θ=270

Cos(25)/((1-sin^2 (25)).(cos^2 (25))) Cos(264)/((1-sin^2 (264)).(cos^2 (264)))

= 1.00856 =1.052583

Input, θ=60 Input, θ=300

Cos(55.4)/((1-sin^2 (55.4)).(cos^2 (55.4))) Cos(291)/((1-sin^2 (291)).(cos^2 (291)))

=0.476222 = -0.45043

Input, θ=90 Input, θ=330

Cos(84.5)/((1-sin^2 (84.5)).(cos^2 (84.5))) Cos(319)/((1-sin^2 (319)).(cos^2 (319)))

=-1.04276 = 0.130089

Input, θ=120 Input, θ=360

Cos(110)/((1-sin^2 (110)).(cos^2 (110))) Cos(354)/((1-sin^2 (354)).(cos^2 (354)))

= -1.00097 =-0.07112

Input, θ=150

Cos(139)/((1-sin^2 (139)).(cos^2 (139)))

= 0.95698

Input, θ=180

Cos(172)/((1-sin^2 (172)).(cos^2 (172)))

=-0.94072

Input, θ=210

Cos(205)/((1-sin^2 (205)).(cos^2 (205)))

= -0.93215

α1=15°:

Input, θ=0 Input, θ=240

Cos(-6)/((1-sin^2 (-6)).(cos^2 (-6))) Cos(234)/((1-sin^2 (234)).(cos^2 (234)))

=1.034641 = 0.048748

Input, θ=30 Input, θ=270

Cos(24)/((1-sin^2 (24)).(cos^2 (24))) Cos(265)/((1-sin^2 (265)).(cos^2 (265)))

= 0.497602 =0.533672

Input, θ=60 Input, θ=300

Cos(54)/((1-sin^2 (54)).(cos^2 (54))) Cos(293)/((1-sin^2 (293)).(cos^2 (293)))

= -1.0561 = -0.8954

Input, θ=90 Input, θ=330

Cos(84)/((1-sin^2 (84)).(cos^2 (84))) Cos(322)/((1-sin^2 (322)).(cos^2 (321)))

=-0.90499 =0.013248

Input, θ=120 Input, θ=360

Cos(113)/((1-sin^2 (113)).(cos^2 (113))) Cos(354.5)/((1-sin^2 (354.5)).(cos^2 (354.5)))

=1.004665 =-1.06634

Input, θ=150

Cos(142)/((1-sin^2 (142)).(cos^2 (142)))

=-1.0454

Input, θ=180

Cos(175)/((1-sin^2 (175)).(cos^2 (175)))

=0.777139

Input, θ=210

Cos(204)/((1-sin^2 (204)).(cos^2 (204)))

=-1.0193

OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS

Based on the obtained graph of output shaft angle versus the input shaft angle for α1
= 15o, 30o and 45o , one can see that a unsteady straight line example is procured.
The three lines of three distinctive α1 points have barely comparable output shaft
angles. This outcomes in the lines to cover each other while having a similar output
shaft angles at 0o and 360o input shaft angles.. At 0o and 360o input shaft angles, the
output shaft angles are practically indistinguishable as the results are - 6.5o,- 6 and
353o, 353.5o for α1 = 15o and α1 = 45o. It very well may be said that output shaft
angle is straightforwardly relative to the input shaft angle. To put it plainly, the
output shaft increments alongside rising input shaft angle.

In Graph 2, input shaft angle tangent versus the output shaft angle tangent α1 = 15o,
30o and 45o, one can notice that a practically straight lines can be accomplished. The
diagrams were plotted only from 100o to 260o to maintain a strategic distance from
unpredictability as tangent of 90o and 270o are endless. The plotting of charts may
have not brought about smooth straight line but rather it is adequate to check the
hypothetical statement (Equation 2). Along these lines, one state that the tangent of
input shaft angle is straightforwardly relative to tangent of output shaft angle.
In Graph 3, the output shaft velocity versus the input shaft angle α1 = 15o, 30o and
45o, one can take note of that a sinusoidal wave example is acquired. The three
bends of three changing α1 points (α1 = 15o, 30o and 45o) have same period and
similar amplitudes.
In conclusion, from Graph 4, the output shaft angle versus the input shaft angle for
both parallel and same side , one can see that straight line example is acquired. The
two lines of parallel and same side have practically comparable output shaft angles.
This outcomes in the lines to cover each other while having a similar output shaft
angles at 0o, 30o, 150o, 270o and 360o info shaft edges. At 0o and 360o input shaft
angle, output shaft angles are practically indistinguishable as the qualities are - 6.5o,-
6 and 353o, 353.5o for α1 = 15o and α1 = 45o. It very well may be said that the
output shaft angles is directly corresponding to the input shaft angle for both parallel
and same side case. To put it plainly, the output shaft raises as the input shaft angle
for both cases gets bigger.
DISCUSSION
Hooke's coupling is an all inclusive joint additionally perceived as twofold joints. The
coupler works to move rotational movement of a shaft to another with alters in axis
movement. This specific coupler is regularly utilized in vehicle shafts because of it's
adaptability. The graph of output shaft angle against input shaft angle demonstrates
that the the output shaft angle increase alongside input shaft angle. At 0o, 90o, 180o,
270o and 360o input shaft angles, the output shaft angle are the same.Therefore,
output shaft angle is straightforwardly corresponding to the input shaft angle. The
hugeness of the input shaft angle tangent against output shaft angle tangent is to
demonstrate the hypothetical statement of linearity where the input shaft angle
ought to be directly corresponding to the output shaft angle, it likewise to
demonstrate the condition Tan θ = Tan φ . Cos α, where Cos α is a steady to oblige
misalignments. The condition 2 is demonstrated with plotting of Graph 2. The second
piece of the investigation is directed to demonstrate the retraction in variety of
removal when the shafts are in parallel or of a similar side. Where this specific setup
otherwise called consistent speed joint. Anyway the error in the part 2 results are
unimportant where the mistake ranges from 0 to 3 degrees. The incorrectness of
linearity might be because of individual mistakes, misalignment of parts or parallax
blunder while readings are taken. At the point when α1 varies from α2, the output
shaft turns at various velocities depending upon the difference in angle between the
two shafts.