Experiment-VII

IDMT EARTH FAULT RELAY

Aim:
 To experimentally determine time vs current characteristics for
Different plug settings (Ps) and time multiplier (TM)
 To determine time vs PSM characteristics (Universal Characteristics).
Apparatus Required:
S.No. Name of the Component Specifications Quantity
1 Single Phase Variac
2 Loading Rheostat
3 SPST Switch
4 Ammeter
5 Incandescent bulb
6 Stop watch

Circuit diagram:

Fuse 9
Ph A
C1
3
D
P
S T1
SPST Switch

T
1-230V,
50Hz, S
AC Supply W
I
T
C
H

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N Fuse C2 4 T2
Single Phase
Variac

Incandascent Lamp

Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in fig.
2. Pin the plug setting (Ps) of relay at one position (say at 2.5).
3. Adjust the multiplier setting to certain value (say 1.0)
4. Close the supply switch S and adjust the autotransformer such that
the relay just trips and note that current value.

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 5. With the help of stop watch note down the time taken to trip the relay.
6. By increasing the current time taken to trip the relay is noted and the
values are tabulated.
7. Change the multiplier setting and repeat the same steps.
8. Also repeat the experiment for different plug settings.

Tabular Column:
P.S. = P.S. = P.S. =
T.M. = T.M. = T.M. =
I (amp) T(Sec) PSM I(amp) T(Sec) PSM I(amp) T(Sec) PSM

Expected Graph:
PS1>PS2>PS3
TM1>TM2 TM1>TM2
Relay Operating Time(Sec)

Relay Operating Time(Sec)

PS1,TM1

TM1

PS2,TM1
PS3,TM2 TM2

Magnitude of Current in Amps Plug Setting Multiplier(PSM)

List of Formulas:
 Plug Setting Multiplier (P.S.M) = I / P.S.

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Result:

Viva-Voce Questions:
1. When are the directional relays used?
2. How do you select the pickup value of a relay?
3. How to set the operating time of the relay?

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