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ANATOMY- PAPER 1
UPPER LIMB
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Briefly mention the
movements occurring at
the shoulder joint and
the muscles producing
these movements.
State the reason, why the
head of humerus is often
displaced downwards.
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d) Mention the reason for 1mark
loss of cutaneous
sensation in the areas
mentioned.
e) Name the accompanying
blood vessel at the site of
fracture.
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LOWER LIMB
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following: 2marks
a) Structures under
gluteal maximus.
b) Name the structure 4marks
which is affected in this
case. Give its origin,
course and distribution 2marks
in thigh.
c) Cutaneous
innervations of lower 2marks
limb below knee.
d) Muscles responsible
for dorsiflexion and
eversion of foot.
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Following surgical correction of
dislocation of hip, the patient
was not able to dorsiflex his 2 times
right foot. Answer the 1mark
following:
a) Injury to which nerve
in posterior dislocation
of hip,can produce 4.5marks
inability to dorsiflex
the foot.
b) Briefly describe the
articular 2.5marks
surfaces,capsule and
ligaments, blood
supply and nerve
supply of hip joint. 2marks
c) Name the
musclesacting at the
hip joint and mention
the appropriate
movements produced
by them.
d) Mention the
anatomical features
render this joint prone
to dislocation.
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THORAX
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and areas of distribution
of coronary arteries.
c) Left artery dominance 1mark
d) Obstruction to which
coronary artery is likely 1mark
to produce irregularities
in heart’s rhythm and
why?
e) Sites where branches of 1.5marks
left and right coronary
arteries anastomose;
functional significance of
these anastomoses?
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2mark 2018(S)
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EMBRYOLOGY
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GENETICS
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2marks 2019(S)
HISTOLOGY
GENERAL ANATOMY
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e) What anatomical structures in
the midline of the neck are
encountered during surgical
approach to trachea below
isthmus of thyroid gland.
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bulge of left eyeball in the above
patient.
d) Classify the cranial dural venous 1mark
sinuses.
5. PAROTID GLAND-
A 55 year old man presented with a Essay(10marks)
rapidly growing swelling on the left side
of his face just below the ear lobule. On
examination, the ear lobule was found to 2times 2015
be lifted by the swelling, the person 2016(s)
found it difficult to close the left eye and
blow the cheek. The angle of mouth was
deviated to the right. Answer the
following:
Which anatomical structure is 1mark
involved in the swelling?
Briefly describe the external 6marks
features, relations and blood
supply of the structure involved
Accidental injury to which nerve
is the probable cause of the 1 mark
man’s difficulties mentioned in
the question.
Briefly explain the reasons for 2marks
these disabilities.
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Other subquestions-
Secretomotor innervations of
parotid gland
Name the structures lying within
the gland
Reason for inability to close the
eye and to blow the cheek.
Mention the course of parotid
duct and structures pierced by it.
6. FACIAL NERVE-
A college student was brought to the Essay(10marks)
casualty with history of road traffic
accident. Among other clinical findings 2017
there was evidence of injury of the facial
nerve on the right side. Answer the
following:
a) Describe the extra cranial course, 2+2+2+2
relations, branches and
distribution of facial nerve.
b) What clinical features are
expected to be seen if the nerve 2marks
is injured as it emerges from the
stylomastoid foramen.
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NEUROANATOMY
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ABDOMEN
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abnormal growth of the head and neck of
the pancreas. Answer the following:
a) Name the structure that would
have been compressed by 1mark
pancreatic growth to cause the
clinical findings.(HINT- PORTAL
VEIN)
b) Give the formation, course,
relations and termination of the 4mark
structure.
c) Name all the possible sites where
there could be dilated veins, 3marks
giving the names of veins
involved with reasons and clinical
implications.
d) What are the other structures
that are likely to be compressed. 1mark
e) Mention the sources of
development of the pancreas.
1mark
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condition.
b) Briefly describe its coverings,
lobes, venous and lymphatic 4mark
drainage.
c) Mention the types of gland
found in the prostate with the 2.5marks
help of a diagram.
d) Name the part of the urethra 2.5marks
passing through it.Give its
internal features.
5. ANAL CANAL:
A 62 year old man with progressive
weight loss complaints of pain and
bleeding near the anal orifice. His 2017(s)
condition is diagnosed as carcinoma of
the anal canal. At this stage of disease 2times
the neoplasm is located entirely below
the pectinate lines. Answer the following:
a) To which group of lymph nodes 1mark
cancer from this part of anal
canal is likely to spread.
b) Name the nerve carrying pain 1mark
sensation from this part of anal
canal.
c) Describe the interior of anal 2marks
canal with diagram
d) How does the development, 5marks
arterial supply, venous and
lymphatic drainage and the
nature of the epithelial lining of
the anal canal differ from each
other above and below pectinate
line?
e) What is the clinical significance 1mark
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of knowing the venous drainage
of anal canal?
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3mark 2013(s)
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3mark 2018
SYSTEMIC EMBRYOLOGY
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3. Developmental descent of testis 3 3mark 2013
3mark 2017
2mark 2013(s)
HISTOLOGY
1. Palatine tonsil 3 3mark 2012
3mark 2018(s)
2mark 2011
3mark 2013
2. Pancreas 3 3mark 2014(s)
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5mark 2017
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PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
18. Pernicious anemia 2018S
19. Megaloblasts in vitamin B12 deficiency anemia 2017,2012S
20. Anemia seen in patients with renal disease 2012
21. Gastrectomy produce pernicious anemia 2016,2015,
2011
22. Reticulocytosis 2013S
23. Physiological jaundice 2013
24. Leucocytosis 2014
25. Prolonged stay at high altitude increases the hematocrit 2015
26. Protective effect of vaccination 2014S
27. Rh incompatibility 2017S,2016
28. Dicumarol as an anticoagulant 2014
29. Bleeding tendency in vitamin K deficiency 2013S
30. Clotting occurs when blood is kept in a glass tube 2012
31. Purpura & Hemophilia 2011
32. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 2015S
GIT
1. Components of enteric nervous system and its functions 5 2013
2. Small intestinal hormones 3 2018S
3. Functions of saliva 3 2016
4. A middle aged man complaint of epigastric pain. The pain occurs
when he is in empty stomach and it subsides after taking food or
antacids. He is having an occasional vomiting. Answer the following :
a) What is your provisional diagnosis? List the causes and its
treatment.
b) Describe the regulation of gastric acid secretion in detail.
5. Mechanism of gastric acid secretion by gastric parietal cells 5 2015
3 2013S,2016S
6. Functions and regulation of hydrochloric acid secretion 5 2012S
3 2017
7. Post prandial alkaline tide 3 2014
8. Peptic ulcer 3 2012S,2013
9. Proteolytic pancreatic enzymes 3 2014S
10. Functions and regulations of pancreatic juice secretion 5 2016S,
2011,2014
11. Components of pancreatic juice 3 2018S
12. Stages of deglutition 5 2015S,2012
3 2012S
13. Deglutition reflex 3 2015
14. Peristaltic movements 3 2017
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15. Gastric emptying time 3 2014S
16. Small intestinal movements 3 2015S
PHSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
CVS
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a)What are the probable causes of high blood pressure? 2
b)Mention and explain the determinants of blood pressure. 2 2015S
c)Describe the neural regulation of blood pressure 4
15. Long term regulation of blood pressure 5 2016
16. A motor cyclist met with a road traffic accident and was admitted in
the casualty. Clinical examination revealed coldly and clammy
extremities, rapidly thread pulse and blood pressure of 70/50mmHg.
Answer the following:
a)What is the probable condition 1 2016S
b)Define shock and name the different stages of shock 2.5
c)Describe the compensatory mechanism I the first stage of shock 5
d) What is neurogenic shock? 1.5
17. Hypovolemic shock 3 2012
18. First and second heart sounds 3 2014S
DRAW AD LABEL 2.5
RESPIRATION
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1. A 30 year old lady presented with history of cough and
breathlessness that got worse during the winter months every year
.She also complained of occasional whistling sounds arising from the
chest during breathing.
Answer the following:
a) What is the most likely clinical diagnosis of her condition? 1
b) What major findings would her pulmonary function test shows? 2
c) What kind of medication would she likely benefit from? 1 2015
d)Depict the different lung volumes and capacities with the help of a 4
neatly labeled diagram 2
e) What is the significance of the residual volume?
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6. Describe the neural control of respiration and add a note on 5 2012,2017
Cheynestokes breathing.
7. Chemical regulation of respiration 5 2016,2011
8. Carbon dioxide transport in blood and Haldane effect 5 2017S
9. Ventilation perfusion ratio 3 2016,2016S
10. Peripheral chemoreceptors 3 2015
11. Lung compliance 3 2015S
12. Periodic breathing 3 2014
13. Hypoxic hypoxia 3 2014S,2012
14. Vital capacity and Timed vital capacity 3 2013S,2011
15. Surfactant
2016S,2018S
16. Dead space 3 2018S
17. Fetal hemoglobin 3 2014
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
DISHA COLLEGE UNION ’18-‘19
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16. Counter current multiplier and exchange system in renal tubules 2011
17. Nephron 2013S
18. Splay 2014
19. Cystometrogram 2015,2016S
2017
20. Juxta glomerular apparatus 2018S
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
1. Mechanism of synaptic transmission 5 2017
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2. Adaption of receptors 3 2012
3. Gate control theory of pain 5 2015
4. Denervation hypersensitivity 5 2013
5. Brown sequard syndrome 3 2015S,2015,
2018
6. Sensory homunculus 3 2014
7. Reciprocal innervation 3 2017S
8. Supraspinal modulation of pain 3 2018S
9. Connections and functions of thalamus 5 2013S, 2016S
10. Functions of thalamus 3 2015
11. Milk ejection reflex 3 2017S, 2016S
2011, 2017
12. Bisynaptic reflex 3 2011
13. Draw the functional divisions of cerebellum. Explain the functions of 5 2016
these divisions with referring to their connections.
14. Functions of cerebellum 5 2015S
15. Role of cerebellum in motor control 3 2014
16. Features of cerebellar lesions 3 2016S
17. Cerebellum in voluntary activity 3 2017S
18. Stretch reflex 3 2013S
19. Decerebrate rigidity 3 2011
20. Connections and functions of basal ganglia 5 2012S
21. Functions of limbic system 3 2014S
22. Functions of vestibular apparatus 3 2011
23. Parkinsonism 3 2013
24. Name the nuclei of hypothalamus. Enumerate the functions of 5 2011,2014S
hypothalamus and describe any one in detail
25. Role of hypothalamus in feeding behaviour 5 2012S
3 2017
26. Role of hypothalamus In temperature regulation 3 2016
27 Types of EEG wave forms 3 2013S, 2017
28. Stages of sleep 3 2015
29. Aphasia 3 2014S
28 A 40yr old man came to the OPD with a gait characterized by raising
his feet unnecessarily high and bringing it down in a stamping
manner(stamping gait). He also stood with his feet wide apart and
tended to fall to the right with his eyes closed. Answer the following
questions based on your knowledge in physiology: 2014
a) Where is the lesion in this patient 1
b) Describe the neural tract involved in this patient with the 5
help of a diagram
c) What are the sensations carried by this tract 2
d) What is dissociated anaesthesia 2
29. A 70 yr old hypertensive male has come to the hospital with
complaints of inability to use his right upper and lower limb. Physical
examination revealed hypertonia and exaggerated deep tendon
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reflexes on the right side. Babinski’s sign was positive on the right
side. Answer the following questions based on your knowledge in 2014S
physiology;
a) name the clinical condition 1
b) Explain the physiological basis of the above findings 5
c) Differentiate between upper and lower motor lesion 3
d) Why babinski ‘s sign is positive 1
30. A 50 yr old patient of hypertension suddenly developed weakness of
right upper and lower extremities and difficulty in speaking following
a brief episode of loss of consciousness. On examination motor tone
of his right extremities was found to be increased. Answer the
following questions based on your knowledge in physiology
a) What would a examination of power and deep tendon 2
reflexes of the patient reveal
b) What would a examination of the plantar reflex of the 2 2013
patient most likely reveal
c) Explain the physiological basis of the findings of deep tendon 5
reflexes in this patient
d) What is most likely clinical diagnosis of his condition 1
31.. A 65yr old woman was admitted to the hospital with the complaints
of intention tremors in the left arm and missing the target when he
attempted to do a work. On examination, eye reveals nystagmus.
Answer the following questions based on your knowledge in
physiology:
a) what is the diagnosis 2 2018S
b) mention the characteristics of knee jerk in this patient 2
c) what is dysdiadochokinesia? 2
d) Describe the gait in this patient giving the physiological basis 2
e) What happens when the flocculonodular lobe is damaged 2
32. A 50yr old male comes with the history of difficulty to walk. On
examination there is rigidity and resting tremors. His gait is
abnormal. 1
a) What is your diagnosis 3 2011
b) How do you describe the rigidity and resting tremor and
explain the physiological basis. 2
c) name the parts of the brain involved 4
d) Describe the important functional connections
33. An elderly man was admitted to the hospital with complaints of
intense central chest pain with radiation to the left arm. Answer the
following question based on your knowledge in physiology.
a) What is the cause of pain in the left arm and explain its 3 2017 S
mechanism
b) Describe the pain pathway in detail 5
c) Mention the gate control theory of pain sensation 2
SPECIAL SENSES
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34 Describe the formation , composition, and functions of aqueous 5 2016
humour
35. Describe the auditory pathway. list the types of deafness with a note 5 2014
on audiometry.
36. near response of normal eye 3 2017
37. Functions of middle ear 3 2016,2016S
2018
38. Dark adaptation 3 2014, 2017S
39. Accommodation reflex 3 2012S, 2013
40. Impedance matching 3 2012
41. Role of basilar membrane in frequency discrimination 3 2012S
42. Taste buds 3 2013S
DRAW AND LABEL
2.5
43. Posterior column tract 2012 S
44. Corticospinal tract from its origin to termination 2011, 2014
2016
45. Taste pathway 2015,2017 S
46. Multipolar neuron 2015
47. Organ of corti 2014 S,2015S
48. Pain pathway from its origin to termination 2015 S
49. Functional areas of cerebral cortex 2014 S
50. Walds visual cycle –flow chart 2013
51. Visual pathway 2012, 2013 S
2018S, 2016
52. Lateral spiothalamic tract 2013 S
53. Anterolateral system 2018 S
54. Muscle spindle 2017
55. Auditory pathway 2011
56. Stretch reflex and inverse stretch reflex 2012
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
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70. Lumbar puncture is done at L2-L3 Level 2014S
71. Pain disappears by rubbing the affected area 2014S
72. Patients with sensory ataxia lose balance on standing 2013
73. Macular sparing 2013S
74. Left internal capsule lesion produce right hemiplegia 2014S
75. Referred pain 2016S,2018S
76. Administration of L- dopa in parkinsons disease 2018S
77. Diaphragmatic pain is felt at the tip of the shoulder 2013
78. near point of vision recedes rapidly with advancing age 2011
79. Pain in arm during cardiac angina 2013S
80. Reciprocal innervations 2012S
81. Sensory homunculus 2012S
82. Fluent aphasia 2012S
83. Maximal visual acuity occurs at the fovea centralis 2012
84. Hearing impaired during severe cold or sore throat 2012
85. Bitemporal hemianopia 2016S
86. Chorea 2016S
87. Renshawcell inhibition 2017S
88. Masking in audition 2017S
89. Neuromuscular hyperexcitability in tetany 2017S
ENDOCRINOLOGY
1. Mode of action of peptide hormone 3 2015
2. Mechanism of action of steroid hormones 3 2011
3. Action of ADH 3 2017
4. A 45 yr old man comes to the hospital with remarkable changes in
his appearance. Physical examination shows enlarged tongue,
enlarged hands and feet with spade like fingers and presence of
hepatomegaly. FBS-150mg%, fasting growth hormone-60g/ml.
a) Name the probable condition. 1
b) Mention the normal blood sugar value. 1 2013S
c) Which is the hormone involved and what is the defect? 2
d) Explain the action of the hormone involved 6
5. Physiological action of growth hormone 3 2014
6. Functions of growth hormone 3 2014S
7. Hypersecretion of growth hormone 3 2018S
8. Hyposecretion of growth hormone 5 2017S
9. Pituitary dwarfism 3 2013,2017
10. A 50 yr old lady was suffering from excess of sleep and tiredness, loss
of appetite, hoarseness of voice for the last six months. On
examination, she had non-pitting edema, dry scaly skin and
prolonged reflex time. Answer the following questions based on your
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knowledge in physiology: 1
a)What is your clinical diagnosis? 1
b) What will be the TSH, T3 AD T4 levels? 1 2016
c) What is the cause of low BMR? 1
d) How can you treat the subject? 1
e) What will be her resting pulse rate and ECG wave complex? 5
f) Explain the action of thyroxin on the three metabolisms and on
CNS
11. A 30 yr old female with features of increased weight, menstrual
abnormalities and cold intolerance. Anwer the following:
a) Name the probable condition with its cause. 1
b) What are the physiological actions of hormone related to this 7 2015S
condition?
c) Mention the tests for diagnosing this condition. 2
12. A young woman has puffy skin and hoarseness of voice. Her plasma
TSH concentration is high. Answer the following questions based on
your knowledge in physiology:
a)Explain the physiological basis of her symptoms. 2
b) Describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones. 2 2016S
c)Explain the regulation of its synthesis. 2
d) What are its effects on nervous system? 4
13. A 30 yrs old female visits a clinic with the complaints of weight gain,
hoarseness of voice and irregular periods for the past 3 months. Her
blood investigations showed decrease in the T3 ad T4 levels and
increase in the TSH level.
a) What is the clinical diagnosis? 2
b)Describe the clinical features and their physiological basis. 5 2012
c) Discuss the steps involved in the synthesis of the hormone. 3
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c) What are the physiological effects of this hormoe in the body? 7
d) Enumerate the other hormones involved in the regulation of 1
blood glucose.
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REPRODUCTION
1. Spermatogenesis and the hormonal factors regulating it 5 2014S
3 2014,2012S
2. Testosterone 3 2016,2015S
3. Function of sertoli cells 3 2013S
4. Castration before puberty 3 2018S
5. Ovarian cycle 5 2015S,2016S
3 2013
6. Hormonal and endometrial changes during menstrual cycle 5 2014,2011
7. Tests for ovulation 5 2012
3 2012S
8. Safe period 3 2015
9. Physiological basis of pregnancy tests 3 2016
10. Functions of placenta 3 2014S
11. Intrauterine contraceptive devices 3 2014S
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS 2
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BIOCHEMISTRY
PAPER - 01
2 Principle of 1 3 2015
chromatography
CELL
1 Describe 1 3 2012(march)
functions of
mitochondria
2 Cathepsins 1 1 2014(feb)
3 Functions of 1 1 2019(jan)
lysosomes
BIOMOLECULES
PROTEINS
1 Name two 2 2 2011
transport 1 2013
proteins in
plasma and
mention their
role
2 2 sulfur 2 1 2011
containing 1 2017
amino acids
3 Secondary 3 3 2012
structure of 5 2012(march)
proteins. 3 2013(feb)
Its types.
Describe alpha
helix.
4 Normal level 1 1 2012
of
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serum albumin
5 4 functions of 1 2 2012(march)
albumin
6 Isoelectric pH 3 1 2013
-properties of 1 2014
proteins at that 2 2015
pH
7 2 examples of 2 1 2013
biologically 1 2015
important
peptides
8 Insulin - 1 3 2014(feb)
primary
9 structure
Name 1 2 2014(feb)
polyamines and
mention its
functions
10 Denaturation of 3 3 2015(feb)
proteins 3 2015
-Bond broken 1 2017
in
11 denaturation
Bence jones 1 2 2015(feb)
proteins
12 Essential 3 1 2015(feb)
aminoacids-4 2 2017
examples 3 2019(jan)
13 Heat 1 3 2016
coagulation
14 Functional 1 3 2017
classification
of
15 proteins
Acidic amino 1 1 2018(jan)
acids
CARBOHYDRATES
1 Linkage present 1 1 2011
in sucrose
2 Epimer of 1 1 2012
glucose
3 Define 3 3 2012(march)
mucopolysacch 1 2015(feb)
arides. 3 2017(feb)
-2 Examples
4 Define 2 2 2012(march)
epimers. 1 2013
5 2 examples
Mutarotation 1 3 2013
6 Glycosaminogl 1 3 2014(feb)
ycans.
2 examples
with
7 its function
Dietary fibres 2 2 2015(feb)
2 2018(jan)
8 Invert sugar 1 2 2016
9 Benedict ’s test 1 1 2017(feb)
10 Why sucrose is 1 1 2018(jan)
non reducing
11 Compare and 1 2 2018
contrast starch
with glycogen
12 Glycosides - 1 1 2018
definition and
examples
13 Classification 1 5 2019(jan)
of
carbohydrates-
examples.
-epimers LIPIDS
1 Classify 1 3 2011
lipoproteins
and
mention the
2 function
Chemicalofname 2 1 2011
each
of lecithin 1 2013
2 2018
3 Covalent 1 3 2012
modification
4 Different types 1 5 2016
of enzyme
inhibition
with
5 examples
Define 1 3 2012(march)
feedback
inhibition.
6 2 examples
Define 1 2 2012(march)
optimum
pH.
-Give one
7 example
Isomerases - 1 2 2012(march)
definition.
-example
indicating the
reaction
catalysed
8 Define active 1 1 2012(march)
site of an
enzyme
9 Isoenzymes 3 3 2013
-Diagnostic 3 2016(feb)
importance 5 2018(jan)
10 Enzyme 1 3 2013(feb)
markers for
myocardial
infarction
11 Therapeutic 4 1 2013(feb)
uses of 1 2015(feb)
enzymes 1 2015
1 2017(feb)
12 Suicide enzyme 1 3 2014(feb)
inhibition
with
13 example
Competitive 2 1 2014(feb)
inhibition- 3 2019(jan)
clinical
examples
14 Enzyme 2 3 2014
specificity- 3 2015(feb)
15 types
Clinical 1 2 2014
significance of
ALP
16 Diagnostic 1 5 2015
significance of
serum enzymes
17 Allosteric 1 2 2015
enzymes
18 Zymogen 1 1 2015
activation
19 Enzyme 1 1 2016(feb)
elevated in
alcoholic
cirrhosis
20 proenzymes 1 2 2016
21 Define 1 5 2017(feb)
enzymes
-Explain
factors
affecting
velocity of
enzyme
22 catalyzed
Describe about 1 6 2017
reactions
3 enzymes
commonly
estimated after
MI
23 Importance of 1 3 2018
glutathione
peroxidase
24 Diagnostic 1 1 2018
significance of
gamma
glutamyl
transpeptidase
DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION
CARBOHYDRATES
1 Digestion and 2 5 2013(feb)
absorption of 3 2015
carbohydrates
2 Lactose 2 1 2013(feb)
intolerance- 3 2014
enzyme defect
3 Glucose 4 5 2016(feb)
transporters 3 2017(feb)
3 2018(jan)
3 2018
LIPIDS
1 Digestion and 1 5 2013
absorption of
lipids
2 Role of bile 1 2 2015(feb)
salts in fat
digestion and
absorption
PROTEINS
1 Digestion and 2 5 2017(feb)
absorption of 3 2019(jan)
proteins
2 Proteolytic 1 2 2018
enzymes
3 Exopeptidases - 1 2 2019(jan)
mention
examples
METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES
1 Define HMP 5 3 2011
shunt pathway 2 2012
and mention its 3 2014
significance 2 2015
2 2018(jan)
2 Glycogen 2 2 2011
storage 3 2015
disorders with
their deficient
enzymes
3 Clinical 1 2 2011
significance of
glycated Hb
estimation
4 Enzyme defect 6 1 2011
in 2 2012(march)
galactossemia 1 2016(feb)
-Features of 2 2017(feb)
classic 3 2018(jan)
galactossemia 1 2019(jan)
5 Rapoport 3 1 2012
leubering cycle 2 2014(feb)
in RBC 2 2016(feb)
-important
product
-Functions of
the cycle
6 Define krebs 1 10 2012(march)
cycle.
-Reactions of
krebs cycle
-Note on its
energetics and
significance
7 Cori’s disease- 2 2 2012(march)
definition 1 2017
-Enzyme defect
8 Describe 4 5 2013
glycogen 10 2014(feb)
metabolism 10 2015(feb)
-regulation 5 2018(jan)
-Enzyme
defects in any
two glycogen
storage dsorders
9 Fate of 1 3 2013
10 pyruvate
Glycolysis 3 10 2013(feb)
-key enzymes 1 2014
-irreversible 3 2017
steps
11 Reason for 1 3 2013(feb)
collecting
blood
in a fluoride
tube for
12 glucose
Glucose alanine 2 3 2013(feb)
estimation
cycle 3 2015(feb)
-Its
13 significance
Gluconeogenesi 6 3 2014(feb)
s 5 2015
-significance 10 2016
-Trace the 1 2017(feb)
pathway from 2 2017
alanine. 10 2019(jan)
-Regulation.
Substrates
14 Why starch can 1 1 2014(feb)
be utilised by
humans but not
cellulose
15 Fructosuria - 1 1 2015(feb)
biochemical
defect
16 Pyruvate 1 3 2016(feb)
dehydrogenase
complex
17 Von gierk’s 1 2 2016
disease
18 Essential 1 2 2016
pentosuria
19 Cori’s cycle 1 2 2017(feb)
disease.2 1 2016(feb)
clinical
5 features
Fatty acid 1 5 2012
synthase
complex
6 Ketosis 1 3 2012
7 Reactions of 1 5 2012(march)
ketogenesis
-Regulation
8 Cholesterol 2 2 2013
synthesis 2 2016(feb)
-regulation
-rate limiting
step and
inhibitors
9 LDL receptor 1 2 2013
10 Lipotropic 4 2 2013(feb)
factors. 1 2014
Name any 2 3 2016(feb)
lipotropic 3 2017
11 agents
Reverse 2 1 2013(feb)
choleserol 2 2018(jan)
synthesis-
lipoprotein
involved
12 Mc ardle 1 1 2013(feb)
syndrome-
enzyme
deficiency
13 Ketogenesis. 1 5 2014(feb)
Name two
ketone bodies.
Conditions
leading to
ketoacidosis
14 Why alcohol 1 1 2014(feb)
consumption
cause fatty
liver
15 Niemann 2 1 2014
pick’s 1 2015
disease-
deficient
16 enzyme
Lipoproteins- 2 5 2015(feb)
Role of 3 2017(feb)
lipoproteins in
cholesterol
transport
17 Fatty liver 1 3 2015(feb)
18 Carnitine -Role 3 2 2015
of carnitine. 2 2016(feb)
Carnitine 5 2016
deficiency.
19 Different 1 3 2016
lipases
involved in
lipid
20 metabolism
Fatty acid and 1 1 2016
functions
synthesis-rate
limitingenzym
21 e
Tay sachs 1 1 2016
disease-
deficient
enzyme
22 Compounds 1 1 2016
derived from
cholesterol
23 Carnitine 1 3 2017
24 shuttle
Plasma 1 1 2017
lipoprotein
which is
inversely
related
to coronary
25 heart
Lipiddisease
storage 1 1 2018(jan)
disorders
26 Functional and 2 2 2018
aminoacids
14 Compounds 1 1 2014(feb)
formed from
arginine
15 Glutathione- 2 2 2014
Biological 2 2017(feb)
actions
16 Alkaptonuria 2 2 2014
1 2017
17 Normal level 1 1 2014
of
serum
creatinine
18 Sources of 1 2 2015
ammonia
19 Formation and 1 10 2016(feb)
detoxification
of
ammonia and
related
disorders.
20 -Normal
Specialisedblod 2 2 2016(feb)
urea levelof
products 1 2018(jan)
tryptophan.
Vitamin and
aminoacid
formed
21 Formation and 1 3 2018(jan)
functions of
nitric oxide
22 Primary hyper 1 2 2018(jan)
oxaluria
23 Orotic aciduria 1 1 2018(jan)
in type 2
hyperammone
m
24 ia
Metabolic 1 3 2018
disorders
associated with
DISHA COLLEGE UNION ’18-‘19 67 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
aromatic
aminoacids
25 Decarboxylatio 1 1 2019(jan)
n
product of
histidine TCA CYCLE AND ETC
1 What is 4 3 2011
substrate level 2 2013(feb)
phosphorylatio 2 2016
n 2 2018
.mention
2 examples.
Uncouplers of 6 2 2012
oxidative 3 2012(march)
phosphorylatio 3 2014
n 1 2016(feb)
2 2017(feb)
2 2019(jan)
3 Co enzyme Q 1 3 2013
4 TCA cycle- 3 2 2013(feb)
its amphibolic 5 2014
role 10 2018
5 Coenzyme roles 2 2 2013(feb)
of NADPH 2 2017
6 Compound that 1 1 2013(feb)
facilitates
release of O2
from oxyHb
7 Chemiosmotic 1 5 2015(feb)
mechanism in
ATP synthesis
8 Name 2 high 2 1 2015(feb)
energy 1 2018
compounds
9 ETC- 1 10 2015
components
synthesis of
ATP
specific
inhibitors
2 examples for
Uncouplers
10 Reaction 1 1 2015
catalysed by
ATP-citrate
lyase
11 Brown adipose 1 3 2016(feb)
tissue
12 Co2 releasing 1 1 2016
steps in TCA
13 Diagramatic 1 5 2017
representation
of ETC-
location of
ATP
14 synthesis
ATP synthesis 1 3 2018(jan)
15 Anaplerosis 1 2 2019(jan)
BIOCHEMISTRY
PAPER - 02
70 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
HAEMOGLOBIN
71 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
VITAMINS
72 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
73 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
MINERALS
74 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
supp
12 Wilsons disease 3 4 Feb 2017
2 supp
Sept 2011
1 Feb 2013
supp
Aug 2016
13 Iron transport 2 1 Feb 209
supp
14 Magnesium - functions 2 1 Aug 2016
15 Fluorosis 2 1 Jan 2018
supp
16 Factors affecting iron absorption 2 2 Aug 2013
July 2017
17 Calcitriol 2 1 Aug 2014
18 Normal serum concn of sodium and 2 2 Feb 2014
potassium 1 supp
Feb 2015
supp
19 Normal values of serum 2 1 Feb 2019
electrolytes (sodium , potassium , supp
chloride , bicarbonate)
20 Normal serum calcium level 1 5 Aug 2012 ,
Feb 2014
-hormones regulating it 4 supp
1 Aug 2015
Feb 2014
supp
Feb 2017
supp
21 Storage form of iron 1 1 Aug 2016
22 Copper containing enzymes 1 1 Feb 2017
75 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
supp
23 Zinc containing enzymes 1 1 July 2017
MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS
76 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
XENOBIOTICS
77 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
78 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
79 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
80 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
81 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
82 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
83 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
1 3 Sept 2011
Feb 2013 supp
42 Enzymes commonly used in 1 Sept 2011
ELISA 2 Feb 2013 supp
43 Defective process in 1 Sept 2011
xeroderma pigmentosa 2 Feb 2013 supp
44 Features of mitochondrial DNA 1 Aug 2013
1
45 Examples of partially 1 Aug 2013
acceptable and unacceptable 1
missense mutation
46 Amino acids in pyrimidine 1 Aug 2014
synthesis 1
47 1st pharmaceutical product of 1 Feb 2016 supp
Rdna technology or human use 1
48 DNA helicase 1 Feb 2017 supp
1
49 Defect in excision nucleotide 1 Feb 2017 supp
repair 1
50 Defect in mismatch repair 1 July 2017
1
51 Molecular scissors 1 July 2017
1
52 2 DNA repair mecahnism 1 Feb 2018 supp
1
53 Serum uric acid level 1 Feb 2014 supp
1
54 Nucleotide analogues with an 1 Aug 2018
example 1
55 Differences between DNA and 1 Aug 2018
RNA 1
56 Inhibitors of replication 1 1 Feb 2019 supp
DISHA COLLEGE UNION ’18-‘19
84 / 85
GOVT MEDICAL COLLEGE THRISSUR
THANKS TO
AMRITA
PHILROSE JOHNY
SREELAKSHMI NARAYANAN
SWATHINATH P K
ANAS
BINIMOL
JANAKI
RASHA
HIBA A R
HANNATH
ROOPA
RASEENA
RISWANA
FEBIN OUSEPH
DISHA COLLEGE UNION ’18-‘19
85 / 85