EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.

2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com
1. Which of the following defects is not found in forged material?
(a) Inclusions
(b) Lack of fusion
(c) Bursts
(d) Laps
2. Which of the following discontinuities would be impossible to detect using the penetrant
method?
(a) Forging laps
(b) Grinding cracks
(c) Surface porosity
(d) Crater cracks
(e) None of the above
3. The most easily portable penetrant system is:
(a) Post emulsifiable penetrant
(b) Colour contrast solvent removable
(c) Fluorescent solvent removable
(d) Colour contrast water washable
4. Which of the following is not a casting defect?
(a) Stringer
(b) Shrinkage
(c) Porosity
(d) Cold shut
5. Dry powder developers are generally not recommended for use with which type of penetrant?
(a) Colour contrast
(b) Fluorescent
(c) Fluorescent post emulsifiable
(d) Fluorescent water washable
6. Water suspended developer is usually applied by:
(a) Brushing
(b) Dipping
(c) Spraying
(d) Any of the above methods
7. Volumetric defects present in a casting will often be enlarged and flattened during rolling to
form planar defects aligned parallel to the surface of the material. Such defects are referred
to as:
(a) Laminations
(b) Shuts
(c) Laps
(d) Tears
8. A component may fail when a load is applied repeatedly, even though the component will
withstand higher loads applied once only in a steadily increasing manner.
This phenomenon is called:
(a) Rupture
(b) Ductile fracture
(c) Brittle fracture
(d) Fatigue

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EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com
9. In welds produced by which of the following welding processes would you NOT expect to find
slag inclusions?
(a) Manual metal arc (MMA)
(b) Flux cored arc (FCAW)
(c) Tungsten inert gas (TIG)
(d) Submerged arc (SAW)
10. The heat treatment process in which a material is kept at a high temperature for an extended
period of time and then allowed to cool very slowly is called:
(a) Annealing
(b) Tempering
(c) Normalising
(d) Stress relieving

11. Which of the following would require the removal of slag or oxides prior to inspection?
(a) Manual metallic arc welding
(b) Submerged arc welding
(c) Electroslag welding
(d) All of the above
12. The detectability of a defect depends upon:
(a) How the defect was formed
(b) The location of the defect
(c) The size of the defect
(d) All of the above
13. Which of the following is a very poor method of applying emulsifier?
(a) Dipping
(b) Spraying
(c) Brushing
(d) All of the above
14. An increase in viscosity of a penetrant would require what adjustment in dwell time?
(a) Viscosity does not effect dwell time
(b) An increase
(c) A decrease
(d) None of the above
15. A penetrant must be lighter than water so that water contamination will always sink to the
bottom of the tank. This property is related to the ________ of the penetrant:
(a) Viscosity
(b) Surface tension
(c) Volatility
(d) Specific gravity
16. The ability of a penetrant to enter a flaw is controlled by its:
(a) Surface tension
(b) Contact angle
(c) Viscosity
(d) None of the above
(e) (a) and (b) above
17. When colour contrast penetrants are in use, the minimum level of white light required at the
component surface is:
(a) 500 microwatts per square centimetre
(b) 800 microwatts per square centimetre
(c) 1000 lux

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EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com
(d) 10 lux

18. Which of the following penetrant systems would generally be considered the least sensitive?
(a) Water washable colour contrast
(b) Solvent removable colour contrast
(c) Water washable fluorescent
(d) Post emulsifiable colour contrast
19. Which of the following is not a generally accepted method for cleaning parts prior to penetrant
testing?
(a) Vapour degreasing
(b) Liquid solvent
(c) Wire brushing
(d) Steam cleaning
20. The most common type of contaminant in a tank line system is:
(a) Metal fillings
(b) Oil
(c) Detergents (from cleaning)
(d) Water
21. Which of the following is not a chemical cleaning method?
(a) Alkaline cleaning
(b) Vapour degreasing
(c) Grit blasting
(d) Solvent degreasing
22. Which of the following is not a required property of a developer?
(a) High absorptive ability
(b) Fine texture
(c) Non-irritant
(d) All of the above are required properties
23. When shall photochromatic spectacles not be worn?
(a) When performing colour contrast penetrant inspections
(b) When viewing any penetrant indications
(c) When viewing fluorescent penetrant indications
(d) When working for long periods
24. Fluorescent penetrants emit light at what wavelength?
(a) 365nm
(b) 450nm
(c) 550nm
(d) 600nm
25. Viscosity is an important factor in determining:
(a) The solubility of contaminants
(b) The wash ability of penetrants
(c) The visibility of indications
(d) The rate at which penetrants will enter defects
26. If the surface temperature is too high:
(a) The viscosity of the penetrant will be too high
(b) The penetrant will lose some of its more volatile materials
(c) The surface tension of the penetrant will increase
(d) The contact angle of the penetrant will increase

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EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com
27. UV-A light levels are measured using:
(a) Radiometer
(b) Photometer
(c) Light meter
(d) None of the above
28. Which of the following would not be considered when selecting the appropriate penetrant
process?
(a) The required sensitivity
(b) The surface finish of the component to be tested
(c) The ultimate use of the component
(d) All of the above would be considered
29. Fluorescent water washable penetrants should be:
(a) Totally removed by water
(b) Removed under a UV-A lamp
(c) Stored in plastic containers due to their corrosive nature
(d) Applied by dipping only
30. Inspection of a test piece should take place:
(a) 10 minutes after the application of the developer
(b) initial inspection as soon as possible after developer application; inspect periodically
during the development time; perform a final inspection at the end of the required
development time
(c) 30 minutes after application of developer
(d) immediately after applying the developer
31. You have to test a finished machined camshaft. You have a choice of pre-cleaning methods. Of
the methods listed which one would you choose as best?
(a) Grit blasting
(b) Acid pickling
(c) Steam cleaning
(d) Vapour Degreasing
32. If the penetrant dries out during the contact time the correct course of action is to:

(a) re-wet the surface with fresh penetrant, then proceed as normal
(b) spray a little solvent to re-wet the penetrant, then proceed as normal
(c) scrap the part because by now it is impossible to perform an effective test
(d) thoroughly clean the part and start again with a fresh application of penetrant
33. Acid pre-cleaning methods are sometimes used prior to penetrant testing. One problem that may
occur when this pre-cleaning method is used is:
(a) acid residues may react with the penetrant causing a fire
(b) if a fluorescent penetrant is used acid residues can cause a severe degradation of the
penetrant’s fluorescent ability
(c) the acid used is strongly fluorescent and this may reduce test sensitivity
(d) none of the above
34. Prior to the application of dry powder developer the component must be:
(a) preheated to a temperature of 80C
(b) dry
(c) coated with an antistatic gel
(d) steam cleaned

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EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com
35. The weld defect that is in most cases surface breaking is:
(a) Lack of fusion
(b) Heat affected zone crack
(c) Lack of interrun fusion
(d) Tungsten inclusion
36. A test which is not a standard control check for a penetrant line is:
(a) Black light intensity
(b) Wash water temperature
(c) Check the fluorescent ability of the in-use penetrant
(d) Measure the contact angle of the in-use penetrant
37. The material where it is most important to (if possible) avoid mechanical methods of surface
preparation prior to penetrant testing is:
(a) Carbon steel
(b) Stainless steel
(c) Inconel
(d) Aluminium
38. You have to choose a penetrant inspection method to test a large number of splined forged
stainless steel shafts. Probably the most appropriate of those listed is:
(a) Visible solvent removable (aerosol cans)
(b) Fluorescent water washable (tank line)
(c) Fluorescent post-emulsified (tank line)
(d) Visible water washable (tank line)
39. EH40 is a document that defines:
(a) The standard method of measuring the flashpoint of a flammable liquid
(b) Occupational exposure limits for substances harmful to health
(c) The standard method for measuring fluorescent ability
(d) None of the above
40. Rough sand castings are generally best inspected using:
(a) Lipophilic post-emulsified penetrant process
(b) Hydrophilic post-emulsified penetrant process
(c) Solvent removable penetrant process
(d) Water washable penetrant process

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EXAM 3 Revision 00 Penetrant Testing Nov.2018
Radiant NDT Services, 50, Rishi Arobinda Sarani, Kolkata-700090
Goutam Deb, ASNT Level-III, Website:www.radiantndtservices.com

Answer Sheet: of Exam3

1. Lack of fusion
2. None of the above
3. Colour contrast solvent removable
4. Stringer
5. Colour contrast
6. Dipping
7. Laminations
8. Fatigue
9. Flux cored arc (FCAW)
10. Annealing
11. All of the above
12. All of the above
13. Brushing
14. An increase
15. Specific gravity
16. (a) and (b) above
17. 1000 lux
18. Water washable colour contrast
19. Wire brushing
20. Water
21. Grit blasting
22. All of the above are required properties
23. When viewing fluorescent penetrant indications
24. 550nm
25. The rate at which penetrants will enter defects
26. The penetrant will lose some of its more volatile materials
27. Radiometer
28. All of the above would be considered
29. Removed under a UV-A lamp
30. Initial inspection as soon as possible after developer application; inspect periodically during
the development time; perform a final inspection at the end of the required development time.
31. Vapour Degreasing
32. Thoroughly clean the part and start again with a fresh application of penetrant
33. If a fluorescent penetrant is used acid residues can cause a severe degradation of the
penetrant’s fluorescent ability.
34. Dry
35. Heat affected zone crack
36. Heat affected zone crack
37. Aluminium
38. Fluorescent water washable (tank line)
39. Occupational exposure limits for substances harmful to health.
40. Water washable penetrant process

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