Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
ANIMATION BASICS MEASUREMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Q&A ELECTRONICS ELECTRICAL DESIGN TOOLS
Home / Control Valves / Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Percentage Control Valve characteristics
CONTROL VALVES
Fluke Calibration
Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Tools
Percentage Control Valve characteristics For Reliable Calibration
September 15, 2016 S Bharadwaj Reddy Leave a comment Solutions, Download
AppNote or Watch Video!
Facebook Twitter Google+ LinkedIn
flukecal.com
Advanced Industrial Sys
Measurement & Control Solutions Temperature, Pressure, Ads by Google
RH, Gas Go to advindsys.com
1.Pipe Flow Calculator
Gas Over Oil Control Valve
Low Pressure Cutoff Valve 2.Calculate Percentage
Torque Limiting Valve, Line Break Valve, Roller Operated
Valves, Solenoid Valves Go to blissflowsystems.com
High Pressure Flow Sensor Categories
Ultrasonic Flow sensor 4 Mpa Low power
consumption.975 KHz Go to steminc.com
1.Ball Valve
Each valve has a flow characteristic, which describes the relationship between the flow rate and valve travel. As a valve opens, the
flow characteristic, which is inherent to the design of the selected valve, allows a certain amount of flow through the valve 2.High Pressure Valve
at a particular percentage of the stroke. This enables flow regulation through the valve in a predictable manner.
Fluke Calibration
1. Linear
Tools
2. Equal percentage For Reliable Calibration
Solutions, Download
3. Quick opening
AppNote or Watch Video!
Linear valve characteristics: flukecal.com
This characteristic provides a linear relationship between the valve position and the flowrate. The flow through a linear valve
varies directly with the position of the valve stem. This flow- travel relationship, if plotted on rectilinear coordinates, approximates
Latest Comments
a straight line, thereby giving equal volume changes for equal lift changes regardless of percent of valve opening.
S Bharadwaj Reddy
These valves are often used for liquid level control and certain flow control operations requiring constant gain.
The equal percentage valve plug produces the same percentage change in flow per fixed increment of valve stroke at any Thomas Culp
location on its characteristic curve. For example, if 30% stem lift produces 5 gpm and a lift increase of 10% to 40% produces 8 The first paragraph is incorrect. If both the
block and blee...
gpm or a 60% increase over the previous 5 gpm, then a further stroke of 10% now produces a 60% increase over the
previous 8 gpm for a total flow of 12.8 gpm. M R RAVI CHANDRAN
sir, thanks for your contribution for
instrument personnels....
These types of valves are commonly used for pressure control applications and are most suitable for applications where a high
vivekananda
variation in pressure drop is expected.
sir please explain the working of Reverse
Air Bag House...
Quick opening valve characteristics:
Rahul
Pl include save as PDF option also as it was
A quick opening valve plug produces a large increase in flow for a small initial change in stem travel. Near maximum flow is previously....
reached at a relatively low percentage of maximum stem lift. Quick opening plugs are normally utilized in two position “On-Off”
http://instrumentationtools.com/differencebetweenquickopeninglinearequalpercentagecontrolvalvecharacteristics/ 1/6
10/25/2016 Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Percentage Control Valve characteristics Instrumentation Tools
reached at a relatively low percentage of maximum stem lift. Quick opening plugs are normally utilized in two position “On-Off” Shanmugam
applications but may be used in some linear valve applications. This is possible because of its initial linear characteristic at fantastic explanation...
a low percentage of stem travel. The slope of this linear region is very steep which produces a higher initial gain than the linear
karim
plug but also increases the potential instability of the control valve. Hi sir, first thank you this useful website
and also the app...
Biofuel moisture
measurement gauges
Find out more
Like us on Facebook
InstrumentationTools
22,762 likes
Like Page Use App
An inherent flow characteristic is the relation between valve opening and flow under constant pressure conditions. The inherent Select Language
characteristic of a valve is obtained when there is a constant pressure drop across the valve for all valve positions; the
process fluid is not flashing, cavitating or approaching sonic velocity (choked flow); and the actuator is linear (valve stem
Download Android App
travel is proportional to the controller output).
Some valves have inherent characteristics that cannot be changed, such as full port ball valves and butterfly valves. For other
valve types, such as the globe type, the inherent characteristics can be changed to suit the application.
When valves are installed with pumps, piping and fittings, and other process equipment, the pressure drop across the valve will
vary as the valve travel changes. When the actual flow in a system is plotted against valve opening, the curve is called the installed
flow characteristic and it will differ from the inherent valve characteristic which assumed constant pressure drop across the valve.
When in service, a linear valve will in general resemble a quick opening valve while an equal percentage valve will in general
resemble a linear valve.
The inherent flow characteristics do not reflect the actual performance of the valve as installed. The ideal condition of
constant valve pressure drop (∆P) is unlikely to be true and the ‘operating’ characteristics will have deviation from the inherent
characteristics and is termed the “Installed Flow Characteristics”.
The deviation in the characteristics depends on the pressure drop variation across the control valve, as the control valve
operates from minimum flow at its initial travel position to its maximum flow at its fully opened position. The variations in
pressure drop across the valve can be attributed to two basic causes:
1. The pump characteristic which results in an increase in pump head as the flow is reduced; and
2. The reduction in line losses as the flow is reduced, causing more and more of the pump head to appear across the valve.
http://instrumentationtools.com/differencebetweenquickopeninglinearequalpercentagecontrolvalvecharacteristics/ 2/6
10/25/2016 Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Percentage Control Valve characteristics Instrumentation Tools
In a pipeline carrying fluid, the dynamic system pressure (Ps) is made up of two components:
1) the pressure drop across the control valve (Pv) and 2) the pressure drop along the pipeline (PL), excluding any fixed
static or elevation pressure head component. It is given by:
PS = Pv + PL
In the pump curve above, the point “A” is the point where the system resistance curve crosses the pump characteristic
curve and indicates the operating conditions (flow and head). As the valve modulates to the closed position; the resistance to
the system flow that the valve provides (valve pressure drop) will increase by shifting from point “A” towards point “B”. This
increasing resistance will use more of the head in the system, as well as decrease system flow.
Pressure drop across the control valve increases (∆Pv – ↑). The change in pressure drop across the valve can be attributed to
two basic causes:
1) the pump characteristic, which results in an increase in pump head as the flow is reduced, and
2) the reduction in line losses as the flow is reduced, causing more and more of the pump head to appear across the valve. The
amount that the pump head will increase with a decrease in system flow will depend upon the operating characteristics of the
pump. A pump with a steep characteristic will produce a considerable increase in pressure head as the system resistance is
increased. However, a flat characteristic pump will produce a relatively constant, high pressure head for any system flow. The
relatively constant pressure would be preferable from a control standpoint.
Pressure loss in the pipeline reduces (∆PL – ↓). This is because the decrease in system flow will result in a decrease in
pressure drop along the pipeline and is proportional to the square root of the flow rate.
This indicates that the pressure drop across the valve in the system is not constant and it varies with flow and other changes in the
system. This has a significant impact on the actual installed valve flow characteristic. The deviation from the inherent flow
characteristic is a function of a property called Valve Authority. It is defined as the ratio of the full flow valve pressure drop to the
system pressure drop (including the valve)
N = Valve Authority
When “N” approaches 1.0, then ∆PL is almost zero and ∆Pv approaches ∆Ps. This satisfies the requirement for the definition of
valve inherent characteristics.
Distortion occurs when “N” falls from 1.0. This is the situation when the pipeline system pressure drop (∆Ps) is not
concentrated at the control valve alone but well distributed along the pipeline. An inherently equal % characteristics control
valve operating under such condition will behave like a linear valve and an inherently linear characteristics control valve will
behave like a quick-opening control valve.
The effect of these system variables can be minimized by keeping the relative change in valve pressure drop as small as
possible.
When the total flow is low, control valve pressure drop tends to be large fraction of the total system pressure loss; but at high
flows this may not be true. A good design will respond well over the full range of conditions, hence it is important to pick the right
characteristic for your system and size the valve for the right amount of pressure drop. For good control, it is nice to take a fairly
large pressure drop across a control valve. This way it will have a big influence on the total system, making the operators and
control engineers happy. However, design engineers will worry that increasing pressure drop will tend to increase pumping and
other operating costs. Compromise is necessary. As a rule of thumb, design the system and size the valve so that 25 to 33% (1/3rd)
http://instrumentationtools.com/differencebetweenquickopeninglinearequalpercentagecontrolvalvecharacteristics/ 3/6
10/25/2016 Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Percentage Control Valve characteristics Instrumentation Tools
other operating costs. Compromise is necessary. As a rule of thumb, design the system and size the valve so that 25 to 33% (1/3rd)
of the total system pressure drop (including the valve) is taken across the control valve, with a minimum of 10-15 psig.
General rules:
How do you decide which valve control to use? Here are some rules of thumb:
Linear Characteristics:
Used in systems where the pressure drop across the valve is expected to remain fairly constant (i.e. steady state systems).
Used when the pressure drop across the valve is a large proportion of the total pressure drop.
Equal Percentage Characteristics:
Used in processes where a small percentage of the total pressure drop is permitted by the valve.
Used for processes where “instantly” large flow is needed (i.e. safety systems or cooling water systems).
1. If most of the pressure drop is taken through the valve and the upstream pressure is constant, a linear characteristic will
provide better control.
2. If the piping and downstream equipment cause significant resistance to the system, equal percentage will provide better
control.
b) Used for systems where ‘instant’ large flow is needed (safety or cooling water systems).
b) Used in systems where the pressure drop across the valve is expected to remain fairly constant.
b) Used in systems where large changes in pressure drop across the valve are expected.
http://instrumentationtools.com/differencebetweenquickopeninglinearequalpercentagecontrolvalvecharacteristics/ 4/6
10/25/2016 Difference between Quick Opening, Linear & Equal Percentage Control Valve characteristics Instrumentation Tools
liquid flow sensor
{accurate,reliable and easy to use} Lowpower, high quality. Go to en.dfmc.cc/
Author
S Bharadwaj Reddy
Instrumentation Professional Working in a reputed Oil & Gas Company.
ANIMATION BASICS MEASUREMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Q&A ELECTRONICS ELECTRICAL DESIGN TOOLS
Related Articles
Leave a Reply
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Comment
Also Read :
Name *
Over Pressure cases for
Pressure Relief Valve
Sizing
Email * September 25, 2016
ANIMATION BASICS MEASUREMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Q&A ELECTRONICS ELECTRICAL DESIGN TOOLS
Also Read :
Thermostatic valves
Working Principle
August 28, 2016
ANIMATION BASICS MEASUREMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Q&A ELECTRONICS ELECTRICAL DESIGN TOOLS
http://instrumentationtools.com/differencebetweenquickopeninglinearequalpercentagecontrolvalvecharacteristics/ 6/6