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substantival noun fi adjectival noun
4 rl av44
uan~inua~d~uneaiiy~~ud~
n In~ ~ idn udgender,
n~ t? ~ inflection.
voice, case, number, tense unr mood # n h s 19oinda':~ufi&Laii4Lvdi
~uiun=:&riaui1u~~~in~~'8'.rln~'1r)lua~tl~w~~~
ackdaiibuin3dn9nr
J3ar
iingd~l#iiviuuflnnit14aimhiin ~ f l nIU~MIIB
a uKlnI~lniungnes
I9uinmiarCu I ~ c l m ~ ~ s r v m k a ~ ~ u ~presclrptive
o = : u 1 n H% normative
4 A
v i a Zqu7nmT7wfi tuba4 d ~ ~ f l a~nn34nihun'u
uu ' t 3 u ~ n d q m u raaan
7

nimfiiawfa~aIvsi1 ~ r j ~ d n i m t u i a n i m i u Iduu~ n i d n u l i n i i m m r
l#adi& idu ~undna4nit\# will fi shall d ~ n f i i 9 f i j ~ u i l . 1
~ ~9.~ ~ 1 ~ f l 1 n d n a
1 ~ u i n ? d ~ i c n r n ~ i i d ~ b ~ ~ ~ u i n 1 t ~ i ~ d 4 n LP.
runJlrA (J. C.Nesfield) d45u~!4umld n . f l . ~ c d cbainmZu1jsd9u
naoiiiymaan~fluc a& fie noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, preposition,
conjunction, adverb un': interjection
noun i i i d ~ \ # ~ f a n d e d q b ~
pronoun i ; i d . ~ I ~ u n u ~ i u i u
adjective iiid41%nuiuiiuiu

verb iidq11uanuiadsdvlfiuui4i4
A
preposition i i ~ ~ l ~ u a n ~ f l n i ~ w i ~ a n i u n
conjunction ~ i d ~ 1 ~ b d a d o = : 1 v ~ ~ f a d ~ u n a 4 d ~ 0 f l h
J ' J o
adverb iiid414uanuiadadfl~cun a i amun uar a m m a d 4 ~ n i
nruiuan
intedection ~ i r r f e n ~ u i i i d d ~ ~ n u n i ~ n i u
Y
uansinJ ~ l u n k d s z n a u l i l usubject n'u predicateb u d subject
Y

un: predicate ~u~u#~i~i(delYesrju~+~~fi~


uuiu#dd~S(d%~un~undi,dd
subject ~ 4 %'John laughed." John flu subject d?ulaughed flu
Y 4
7 rduu uuniiparsing
predicate nitudsd%lunaan~flci~umid
~ w ' i m a a d ~ w c i l a~t fd a u ~ ~ d z l u n a s n l d ~ f l u unr verb u&?
subject
subject n'3duddeiahlin~flunominative n'y enlargement d?u predicate Audd
:'# .
r i a l d ~ f l ufinite verb, completion wz extension d l u d ~ i e n icompletionuun
i
a i w r ~ f l uobject r r h complement r r ? a ~ d u ~ ~ ( 1 af ~i a
~ dd irdu
r~ ~d?rlun
w Yr ,
"The new master soon put the class into good order.' szurial&mduna

1. Subject 2. Predicate

Wominative Completion
or Enlargement Finite Extension
Equivalent verb object Complement
master (1) The into
the good
(2) new put ?lass order soon
clause %ilnalui16qJuua~un.i1
co-ordinated Ldu "Iwore a blue shirt
1 4 - 4 4
and you wore a green dress.' rrtaanasvuq clause d d n a i u i ~ ~ ~ n d ~ r ? u n d ~
subordinate du 'I wore, a blue
main clause dau clause d~&~i3uifl~?mn.i?
Y
u clause #a "Iwore a
shirt while you wore a green d r e s s . " ~ d ? % b nmain
blue shirt." 61 subordinate clause Wd finite verb ~J'UWU&verb d!
n i d 7 ~ o ' ~ ~iiqz$unii
aai phrase ~ $ u
'I don't like you wearing that.'
,
% hid clause
v u wearing that?~ 3 phrase
w c i a t m i ~ l a a i n m ~ 7~l~udlua o m d k ~ 9 ~ d ~ i i ~ n ~ . j d a l d ~ i ; ~
GENDER, masculine, feminine unz neuter h m m 0 J noun C j r l L h L W f i
aim L W ~ ~v$aUd~nfi
H ~ J

NUMBER, singular ua: plural ~ n w ~ 3 noun


a J n'y verb d l % i ~ u
C

rd~viauinnCjit
PERSON, first, second ua: third " i i k m n pronoun u f i z ~ ~ u ~ n 1 ~ d z
qa4 verb h9s
r J
TENSE, present, past uaz future 6nmaj verb \#B?aoil~nmafi
La17
I. J
MOOD, indicative UI:: subjunctive fiwwlIa4 verb nLnrra#0&#0
~ h Q anaw~fIu'Ldli 7
n~muuiiuazdu
VOICE, active uar passive h w M a ~ verb &%? subject L ~ ~ u $ " ? ~ I
4 (ru
w t ay r u n q m d ?

CASE, nominative, vocative, accusative, genitive, dative uat: ablative


6'nwwaad noun t r u a n v ~ ~ d t u d c bKnad
nominative riluctnanrd subject
vocative ~ f l i l u n ' n m z ~ n ~ d i ~ n t a n l n ~ l n
C

accusative LfIutPYnwwil object


genitive ~3u6naw4L&1nad
dative ~ f l u i r n a ~ $ n i o ~ h d z ~ : u q d
ablative ~buirn-d9finiaa5anqiuL~u~ncii '

(Malmkjaer, 1995: 481)

Yaw
du verb ~z#asrrlduuflId
uan~~nu~uP~nhnkli'a~fl~i~Buadi~u~n
aiu subject (luudnaa person fi number
~ i n d i n ~ a d ~ u i n d k ~ ~~ztfluZkj1lfilh6ui1iun1w
u~i.~~iu ,

l m i a r d ~ n q a averb
~ s z d d u u y ) f i ~ ~ w i z l usubject
n flu thid person
singular dizu d a i l u n i ~ a i u ~ ~ a ~ ~ d d u lwiindjnqaiiadru'
ufl~nu
a case &u#a genitive tlfa possessive (had% du n1t~8uIS 6u nit\%
~?iu
Aidi of ~dauarr~naiurBu~4in~~
urifiinit~ddu@) nominative uuz
J
hccusative (rdun d %l/rnbl hdhim, we/us Uuzau 1)\unmd~wimn~nua::uz
C

nz3uCu preposition nYy verb L~JUC~~IUUVIcase 994 noun d a u l w i w h u


~ufi~in1nldduufiii~dau90fi~
case
iilrnddid 7 d l f i u I a ~ i n t d ~ ~ ~ 8 u ~ ~ d ~ ndjmmmajnqa
diau7i
16 ~ d a s z ~ ~ d i u u ~ ~ u u ~ f l ~ilnvh~idiirbnniuul~dw1w1nud7Bdid
flueia~d~i
I d h a uuz3naiuuu1uaciiLh
C
2i
unuu~udsandou&a~w'oqrlw1sjLs'un~il21'~nbw
b adiaun3euCaknr
C
Y
aquz ?'n'w39 fiu7a dnuiuGauti ~nnu'ld I4~fluun~#ua
ii'u Q BjjlZm I #
0 J
I l q T u u n h f l f i u n a iirianaid&Lwun c o?ad?~
Irqn i i i u i h d
nku aruz yp tn5lii nin uanlrnynrm w: nm c nqm IIfiqQu rflu
r 4-
rdaaiiirwiaisurrienia qmmm ua~~fl~4un&ianq1iluei~n~flu

ndiakua@?iiia buintrG~iCu~aeen~flu
c ni. &a
(c) K n a a iirhiu6n'nat i n ~ f l ub go fiu'ryry7n'fi7u unmda#nd~flu
anunznGq.j~lut.nhu$a9iunml uar mP ioo'nlnClsj~di%u1G~doa~du6u
rm'uan'ld
(b) 9Gfi7r, u~aiignaemllu5 dauiia u7u KwoaJwnra~7nr
TnL
a7ao7m uuz nqm
(a) nn~~k'$uBii&~u nwn u n r n i t q n i i 4 n ~ u d a l ~ u a ~ ? ' n i n I 4 ~ ~ i
~flud~fu~~u~#uafiu
J
(4 ~unKnnadu a n a ? ~ u d ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ i n i n ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n d u ~ z
nqd
L.
4 d -
aaw mldc~inni0~mianimlnauuu
niuuuulauindm'a~3un'ul~aintdu~a
.r
A 4
~riinrjar
aaninauduudiu~~iQu

u4fiifiuikd w .PI. bbo t (n.fl. ~b bb) 8hmn aqxu (Louis ~aneau)!,&udn


A Grammar of The Thai na4 h o ~ LWd
n i f hfi~aqih ~ n hj(Capt.
James LOW)dda~n'arfnni3u~ZclLn~nnunlmr~#anna.~v~q#aLdudLduCu
,

n9u
u r i i ~ i q z ~ 3 ~ i a l n a l u ~ ~ a n ~~u~~oa6u'l~uinmZn~'110.~
i~~ildk.j
*
' uknjiudni~~ialltrmfi~tu~an~m'ln~m~~uu~~mmr?'u~1n~ilunf'~um
~lnnga$u Dictionarium linguae thai sive siamensis interpretatione latina,
gallica et anglica illustratum v i a muiyndnu-aziiu-dh~fia-8'~nq~~uda

r i n India Office Library


NOUN or Substantive ~ ~ l h g r a m m fa lr f l LLfl18aWIW
h.i~ud.tsanrfl2lrcnouns, adjectives, verbs yay fl~~sh.irflumn?u~d$r
Z~iibfirnmlia~d
Y L
Simple nouns: Cn~z~fluAiknraua
idu u i I*( au iia aau

I
Compound nouns: dznauhu flasiji#fendirdu udui # i s
~n~Lie
1m grammatically avfi nouns WG genus W; number lu
rlu
noun f shs'l441wurnnunu ua~sliiuaurnnu4a
V I r
us~a\junnmilis
4 9 ~~ d u mziifl
uywr~flu~4ifiasK htliuhh-,
rllu~lu'ry~uiinu
&aasriLrhr Jan k & qn k h rdu hhuriau utiu Ju d
myar
ADJECTIVES I~~I~#IuII~~nouns Ldu 8ums comparative
degree tbm.thaa6q rii ndi rdu hrbin?'iexpression 'l#cn 4

PRONOUNS Personal: of the first person Aa bu n'h hQ


wu 4hrt~Y.rmbin~evriauiinzqnar47 ainlmirr m of q e second
person #a ~6sr h fls g U r # i .lay of the third person 8a L ~ I $u r m
\ vdau
Demonstrative pronouns: d tfu I&,
Interrogative pronouns: lrpls a::b 1,
VERBS IGf conjugation, mood, tense, person
ria~drfiunidhii
iiu riii~unim4nqa
Present tense:
iiuiiu iuiiuai iiu61Ctjjn4~ - I eat
~&~?iu - - thou eat
u'u?iu - - he eats
- we eat
- you eat
~niiiu - - - they eat
4 '
Past tense: nai$ uiaurariu iiuiiu I ate
Pluperfect tense: Liie$iiu~fiuLhI had eaten
Future tense: s'uq::iiu I will eat
Future perfect: <%sd%uuiiaI will have eaten
Conditional: 6uq:Sufi I will eat if
Conditional Perfect: s'~q::!fi~b6a61 I will have eaten if

Imperative mood: ~8oiiuma:Eat


Infinitive mood: ?iuto eat

Present Participle: n'i64iiuEating


VERB OF THE PASSIVE VOICE
Yd 1
Verbs fiaflfis passive v o i p &~'~:IvuH~
~I~~L%&.A~I%'I&B~

biu
I 6.~6oth1QI am beaten. r4tUatiiaQthou are beaten.
PRINCIPLE ADVERBS, '

~ d (IIM~~HU
~HU u where are you?
~IHUL ~ *i.kd3~4~3ik4fli~Ddd1~~
Y where do his father and
mother live?
udhu: d a i ~ l d ~ u where do you know it?
from I

i
qinlrru: ~ a i e i h ~ r r u i n n l ufrom
u where do you bring this I
cow?
J
rr: ~ u e d d
I am here.

PRlNClPLE PREPOSITIONS
1
04: until, towards, about idu ~ u ~ 4 j t i u i i i 4 ~ ~ ~ i f l e 0 f l ~ r i e u ~
W Y W Y
umrieu: before, formerly d u auu oul&qmurieumii4 u i i a u
CuC~'la.iiau~Gurn~
J
H&, dev61: in front, in the presence of rdu riaunafjatii~a

L
PRINCIPLE CONJLINCTIONS
I

UA, 6%: and ~ d flu8unZnu~a


u
fi: and, also rdu ~ ~ z ~ f l u ~ ( i j r = : ~ m h ~m
f?~n%
3n~uwF~
ria':even, as rdu ~?unacfiiiud~ilu~e4ilq~Y'u~qq~ia
kki:not that L ~' M U~ ~ ~ = : J W L Q U U ~ ~ L ? ~
4
aqczi: on account of this ~ d Lrrrqczi:Ln~iaa
u
...
nal4dj~nniina9ay o r u u i u w w i ~ &~ar~n$nim&nqd$uqn'u
a~
b u i n d b a i l k r w n m i m l n u l u r o r & j ~o';I~iil~uinsdadiadk4w
ilmaanid 1~un~4hui~ia4~ukueifi~'uwsY"yinauc~qw9=:i4Ln6i
L~ID~ITQ ~ d a ~ bu dd q u n i i r d W.H. bad. norzdsiqlii ha rdaaldin
aaur3uqqj vliol'mGiurnus ArBiiitaniao~wni~amimau~~u
tiiuriwszuin
la

au~~sn9=:~aumh~4iaaHII
~ a n w C u d z h o ~ ~ f i n m auaznttvin
i~~ifi
arn69ws:qaurnh~ ~ n o a a a m i m u i 8
n i m l n u uarmqiu$u IJirflunis
MC i! uXqiaM~.'uniann'y
uanrdduu ilnraarilda~lu~iaalnu~du~~aiuiu5i~
ld%ndauS)dkrfla lug W.H. b a d d l u ~ i s z ~ ~ u ' n i o i ~ u wb' riaa
w a ~$a
~u
8 w r wrsrua w-ts-tb~d l h d 1 ~ ~ 4 l r j ~ ~ i a51,
"q~v.d'J8aflu~nnisr5un14ui
w"~
J
~iaalnsqaDescription de Royaurne Thai ou Siam ~ m s s ~ u i ~ a ~ ~ a a ~ n ~ ~ u u ~
yudip 1& d s : ~ ~ i a ~~511ia.f
~~f r j l l u a m limn~iu~duaI/na~dszaiau
Y -c J
vszuninwms u maafi~ursa ~ n i m h u

I.
w...~ilunimnl(?u'Ivsl$~~wa"ikmvs'anui4fi~~u
uaziiriiauyn
la la

~ i " n u ~ n w u i ~ ~ i i 6 u ~ ~ r ~ ~ u i ~ i n n i m eni ii;m


1~h iu~rfluvda
~n';13u
i do 4" J rlwv u 3 4
luiiuquniunimn u a i r l u ~ n w nan~ilunpnnuluGnwu
s na nim
la

iu m m g ~ u u a z n i a ~ l ncnqqzndi~Wii
u nimlneQuulii.raan
rfluaiull?zrnn n~mmainvl~an~wai?Y " i u vulgaire)
(langue
la

nimguq~as(langue relevge) uazmmr~n6anb(langue sac&) i


iii
dm
uaiuiii~mn~r~au~iu~La"iuidnimlilaimvdBnim'~~i~Giu
+r

n ~ m ~ u g i . r ~ m m ~ ~ ~ n d t u & ~ u ~ ~ n a ~ ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ u
~a~&~unitku~~aauaz~rn~d.~'~r;r"rvu~zaun'~~q~~fl
'~118~8~1~1kdiiu
ila~aofiiqn i m l l a z i i bo daudasen~~u
a n n w (diphthongues) cu
A
nafio: (derni-voyelles) &ail

a:: a: iuuin
daumlTrysur iimonrCiomk~
w 3.
nmrri~nQsuz cc ril kqmund (classitication) nau.
A .d
s'7wf~nnmr.rrfhd~gz(guttural)
n.n a F I P I ~ Q

ko kt16 kt16 kho kho kho ngo


s'nnnh8.rrlc)a,-(palatal)
Q t l a a c u ~
cho xOA xo SO xo jo
.
I
s'qvwnnrnu ymaz (lingual)
3 n w m
do to tho th6 tho no
s'7wmndd fiflaz (dental)

m m n n s u
do to tho th6 tho no
h ~ n n " t ~ ~DJ%,V
"7 (labial)

(demi-voyelles, sifflantes, aspiree:)


dud <unfiwd ndi&
fiGua' ndi?tsd%lu~n'ud?ud%nauna.~dzftl~ I
I
1
~nw~=:iiid%w'u6d%wneii.j i
&!.la U ? (Mary Haas)
~ I U Y ~ ~ L 117A

I
4
(phonemic transcription) ~?u97nun~aiu~?
BQ"Types of Reduplication in

Thai" k "The Use of Numeral Classifiers in Thai' U% ~ c 4 4 oBeginning Thai


luil n.a. c s ~ bu k ~ i n ~ u ~ ~ w ~ ~ i u ~ ~ n ~ i ? 1 ' n o c Qi i~~= uO i n ~ i a l u n ~ 1 ~ t ~
v 44
ua:: e i ~ q z i i @ . i ~ u d i a n u a a a a r ludaiur~6i&~ltzauAaiu~iL~~lu
~otao a
ph wwn

ch Q4CU S (nrfl'lfa

kh anw f dvl
b Y h VEl

k~ nfi PI da ,
kw na phr ~s ws
khr as ns phl wfi wn ,

khl aa an tr 6ls
1
khw a? na thr ns (\uYI~/~I)
I
i
Y04 I
(syllable-final diphthong) fi
uanqinunu flr~ufl~floj18fldfi~owfl~dn~ I
A
(triphthong) ~narjisuinuian~aifi~~oiz$~idozneuK?n
fi~~~twfi?u18rrj

1
qooorynliii a riua da~Irn%aruiunjd~a i
A I
ru4 9 ~ 6 ~ n n 1(mid
4 level) ~ ~ r ~ h 4 r r n u 1
4

A
(falling and _allottalized) I#
d ~iuaq~uaziurilu~iua
I
0
(high and glottalized) 14 1

4' V
I rlu4ru (rising) 14
n'~r~u,rrtu~nkjM:~utilu~ ~ i ~a i s l l I ~ f i o ~ ~ ~ r n d ~ # ' u
( g ~ o t t atone)
rilw (final a ~ o t t a ~ d4moarTur1ua a Iuaiuaihuon uririaui~~~nM“tutuiic
41rfluXnaorza'mtW aa~anorqn6

nu\# ae unu E Y ~ Y~i~nun'rilldji


~iiqz'lIp t k ~flu~luaK~slznnunu
b
iY r
(iiqedia du
u7e k~~uiau2iu~ei~qz~!u~~~~u=:$1~u~nu~1~~~11a~eieldn'l~
iiii'minpu" fiiPiiu41 "min/wu"~~S:~BRL!U "taglom" 6iildiuii "ni/nnu" n'
qmem~ilu"taklom" (ill4 k~~vijauniuum!aiqqz6inq~1l&)~unTtiiduianu~
i u i i qr&usioweu~ (syllable juncture) ~LIIUV ~ ~ o r ~ ou~ziiaaii
u u
i
LA^ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 0 l I f l n m " ~ ~

4- Y
n7trGu (stress) ufe ri~ue~ii7uJ
(intonation) nmnauqinniqnq7a 7daairqz

(Q) ~I'MBBWIW lk%dl\l~ d Beginning


u Thai uwz Phonetic
Dictionary of the Thai Language o l N i 4 U M L ; o ~ i w h o o%iluhfi uuudn
$mildlu YAY ~ d Thai
u Reader, Thai Vocabulary, ua:: The Thai System of
Writing
lug n.fl. Q ~ C ZIia
& fqun'Y Heng R. Subhanka lw"ra'ou61mSpoken
Y
Thai ~ ~ udaiiuniilwhumrilullRiimae~~w'IIeanea~weiniflfiu~%[Y'
ui

ufiiieisui Foreign Service Institute neans~n~1~nidiadoz~~flfivs'%[~


kwz

i i
'Types of Reduplication in Thai' ~i]u~t
~ ~ L ~ ~ ? ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I W ~

nidfi n'l
"The Use of Numeral Classifiers in Thai" Lfl~ni~ifnWL#~d
4. I. .
I
"Interlingual Word Taboos" rflursaaayn 1muqfiuhbanqm~u'h
uialuninlmkuh
rruiuiurdualril~r~mzr$ua~diuiiim"oafiiul~~i'~lnu
3 rcl
"Techniques of Intensifying in Thai" ?i~ur%iu
knww=:ksaa&aniw
lnu b i l ~ z n idaiignwwzlquinodviianir
r uriruiiaufiicnxrdiiafiLfiuLBoa
.
I
A~IUUUI~ Kn~mzusnfii%i i i ~ ~ w ~ d r f i u ~ ~ i ~ u ~ i u n l Q ~ 1 i u ~ K a i i i n ? u i u i a
iii ( n u k i i i n i ~ i j l u ~ ~ u i ~ i n i i ~ w ~ ~ ~ ' n a~ ad nuniq
i ' ~.to~ be
an~w~
r '
white' n i q k n 'to be pure white' knrrmzdaaafiiio niAinula6ufnnaaiii
aaanuia6 kurdduur$uaq~twqnflfi~d$u~ n i s ~ d r u u d u u r n n i r ~ d ~ ~ u
niwajnqalfighqu
he Tones of Four Tai Dialects" rd~eur$uudsaq??wqnflwiwlnu
4I

nu
(QI) rrquiI#n?u ULn' Thai-English Student's Dictionary Ararraiuffuiud o

si~ulrr~rfluwnaiud~hu~wuuw+ui
deaknmznoaniwhul?"~u~~ou~iu&~u
riaudq idu P I J I J ~ ~ ~ iiiwau
~ iiidU A 1iendirnir8
~

I. r -#
1n 9rrSiclu 19. mmua
d ei;r~uaiunaalinniw~iaw~nudu
~
(William J. Gedney) !hndiqll&lekrnd w i u ~ i ~ ~ ~ n i f i i ;

A A r.I
uwiinui6urun uoa Indic Loanwords in Spoken Thai" ra~uunnisAnwiii8u
dGl

u -d
lu?Jn.fl. .deb rrroird * I i b ~ ~ O(Murray
i Fowler) 6u nllua
~ ~ ~ ~hU
M ~ f kI L ! f l ~ 'Total
h a Distribution of the Sounds of Siamese: a
Topographical ~na~yJis~flunimn~~auitaiad~auldlbihauun
nn~q4iii
1
auiafincii~ddnng~'~~iw~'ia
~uai$bifu1 n n School of Odental and African Studies uui?nui&u
aaunau nimaflLi~~dldd9ln'11~4~7fi 7 aa4c~rinfir
,uamiman~iwuuudu
t
daulu~a(/dnq?~#anl1#~&nwd
dauniti~nnt$&~iu~u~u~aun'u
?nu1
ran n7nuysd lu.nai
5vu~uada3ufi~inaeunauu'n~z61a6~aiunaa
h u d f l ~ ~ c y l hn.fl. ~ o M b&P "Syllable Junctures within S t m s Groups
483
in Spoken ~ h a i ~ ~ i i e i i ~ f l u @ n ? ~ u u n i m ~ n ~ ~ ~ a n 9 i u
rl*
lug n.fl. ~ a r t bLnfluu W
I
Z ~ ~ikun'u~!uuii?~da
M ~ English for
Speakers of ~ h a i 3%~ f l u i i n d a ~ l i m d j n q ~ ~ ~ u n ' ~ i a d i a dudi@q
Ot:~nfl
da~di
Cau Wrhz~unaiudik~riin"Uii~1ma'1~i~d~nqwl~un'aiahu
b u South East Asian Regional English Project of the university' of
Michigan uar Binational Language center lun?a~nvq
liaeha idu A
Teachers' Handbook of Thai Students' English Pmnounclation Difficulties
5 a d
aaa LOALafm LaJ8u uOlJblij (Edward Mason Anthony) n.fl. ~ d e s
uar English for Thal Speakers naa f 4 r ¶ l d L ~ UU.U I I ~ L W(Russell
~ N.
Y
Campbell) lufl n.fl, ~ d b ao i u L ~ d 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ z L ~ ~ W
~ lai1~dOt:Lnfl~~~ri
nfia'IMl
ai9'lnu uaiiiinitirnmr$niwhucail8bi.ru
lufl n.A. kiiaqunm d n dumug ifarflu?na.1~ufid5~q.pln
J
"The Prosodic Characteristics of Certain .
uuadeuui~nui~uaaunau~mu
Particles in Spoken Thai' i n u i ~ v u ~ ~ n a n & a ~ i u a ~ u ~ ~ a a ~ i u n f J a d ~ ~ t l n
" 3, Y
u u u a ~ ~ h 3.~ qLO.
unn'l a i u ~ w ~ n n a u ~ i n n i t i l n ~ ~ ~ iddnnglwwaa .
J
L ~ u L ~ I O (E. I J Henderson)
~ ~ J.A. n.fl. ~ d c LOB4
d 'Prosodies in

Siamese: a study in Synthesis"


r(k%?d
N'I%~ (Franqois Martini) %iuuunnaiude~ Les
Y
Expressions de 'are' en Siamois et en Cambodgien" ru\lAf! Rfl. ~ & bflu
uJet "La ist tinct ion du ~ 6 d i c ade
t ~ u a l i t et
6 de 1'6~ithGre
en Cambodgien
et en Siamoisnlug R.FI.QG+&~\~ ~d?uu~$uu6nw~z~auintdufiz~il~im~nu
J aJ
fitnut aiuLd?uudaudu<diaulquink u ~ a n i z e d i ~ ~ t ~ f l u n i m n l u ~ n u a
htri'u udu'naiu&u~ufln~mn'uuiuiuufizu'Zn5~fidaflufizri'ulu~=:uz~afii
riit 7 ri'u
uQn. rnsrnei (Georae I . Traaer) nduuun
#
L
' dn.fl. ~d&s\lq~m
J
A~IUL? et "Siamese Phonemes: a Restatement" ?~~s7z~n?nuiaet~im~nu
d l ~ ? a n z f l n i m k n ~ w UNT
# 4
niuwu ~ n t m ~ s - n mraaer-~miu
un
8imrun lmm/ (Mary Elizabeth Kmll) qnilmrn~t~nifiuueinuiCwuB
r J
df ryryilndeuclidnuiGmahniau u e t Suprasegmental Phonemes of Thai
n.fl. ~ d &iilinuiCwuBdPcyryiln1u
(Bangkok Dialect)" rieuclfiiiI~u?! &

fqbdu ueuu' i/(lr(lmd (Josephine Anne Gillette) ~aueda


diuet~~uaniqin
J
uwi?nuiGur$uari'u~?
e t "Prosodic Features of Bangkok Thai"
Id Rfl.O,Q c l t and English: A
f 4 b i l ~ 4 ~ t i ? ~ 6 i ? I $ d f l ~ d "Thai

Comparative Study of Phonology for Pedagogical Applicationsn ufiqz~deii


'rdo'o~
r#wl(comparative)utifi~fluni
3 1nmuuu 'rdo'8um'7.1' (contrastive)

otuiia&n?nuihuflu8tnqw d e I f l u n i t a e u n i m a n ~ # u t n i m ~ t a ~ t ~ r i ~ i a
'2 4 rl
iitdsz~nflGn'nrms~~dunn~tiu3uu~flu~o
fltn %f'Iisl fi. uQl8 (Richard B.
Noss) ~ ~ u ~ a u e ~ f l u ? n u i ~ w l d ~ d ~ r y ~ i ~ elug
n ~n.fl.
e u ~od&a
i?nui~~fi
Ldat "An Outline of Siamese Grammar" urflrju?nnu\quinrinuan4inn(i~n
1nmhuducli?nai~uZu?~eui
duiige nitiie.iiatzuia~ua0=:~au~flu~#u.~
dnii d a u a t z u u d uifmm?ou?dnd%m (dlacdtic) h f l u (qnlbi
(iQsz)LfluL#u~3Ltlw

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