International Conference on the Straits of Malacca, from Geopolitics to Sustainability:

Enduring Challenges and Enhancing Multilateral Cooperation in the Straits of Malacca

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AND INDUSTRY: ISSUE

AND CHALLENGES FOR LITTORAL STATES

Port Technology: Flexibility to Improve

New Technology Best Practices

Prof. ZHANG Renping

Dalian Maritime University, China

Langkawi, Malaysia, 26 March 2019

PORT TECHNOLOGY : FLEXIBILITY TO IMPROVE
NEW TECHNOLOGY BEST PRACTICE

1. International Shipping and Ports

2. China Port Technology Trend
3. Issues and Challenges
1 INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AND PORTS

• Shipping
• Ports
 SHIPPING AND PORTS
World
Seaborn
Trade
Growth
2018-2023

(Source: UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2018)

 SHIPPING
The theme of World Maritime Day for
2017 was to enable us to shine a
spotlight on the existing cooperation
between ports and ships to
maintain and enhance a safe, secure
and efficient maritime transportation
system.
(Source：IMO Secretary-General Mr. Ki-tack Lim)
 SHIPPING
WORLD MARITIME DAY 2017

(Source: IMO homepage)

 SHIPPING
• Shipping is the
most international
of all the world's
great industries;

• It
is also one of the
most dangerous.
 SHIPPING
• Whatdoes
the global
shipping look
like?

(Source: UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2018)

PORTS

• Whatare
functions
the ports
perform?

(Source: UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2018)

 PORTS
World Ports
2018
Top 10 ports
by cargo
throughput
(m tons)

(Source: UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2018)

GLOBAL TOP 20 CONTAINER PORTS 2018
Ports TEU (million) Change %
1 Shanghai 42.01 4.42
2 Singapore 36.6 8.70
3 Ningbo-Zhoushan 26.35 7.07
4 Shenzhen 25.74 2.10
5 Guangzhou 21.92 7.61
6 Pusan 21.59 5.38
7 Hong Kong 19.59 -5.68
8 Qingdao 19.30 5.46
9 Tianjin 16.00 6.17
10 Dubai 14.95 -2.9 Source: SISI,
23 Feb 2019
 GLOBAL TOP 20 CONTAINER PORTS 2018
Ports TEU (million) Change %
11 Rotterdam 14.51 5.68
12 Port Klang 12.03 0.42
13 Antwerp 11.10 6.22
14 Xiamen 10.70 3.08
15 Kaohsiung 10.45 1.71
16 Dalian 9.77 0.58
17 Los Angeles 9.46 1.27
18 Tanjung Pelepas 8.79 6.39
19 Hamburg 8.73 -0.80
(Source: SISI,
23 Feb 2019)
20 Laem Chabang 7.96 2.01
2 CHINA PORT TECHNOLOGY TREND

• China Port Status Quo

• China Port Automation Trend
 CHINA PORT STATUS QUO
Bohai Rim in 2018 Bohai Rim Port Cluster
• 17 container terminals,
• 58.01 million TEU in total
• Tianjin, Dalian, Yingkou
plus Qingdao

(Source: SISI, 2019)

 CHINA PORT STATUS QUO
Yangtze River Delta Port Cluster Yangtze River Delta in 2018
• 37 container terminals
• 85.61 million TEU in total
• Shanghai
• Ningbo-Zhoushan

(Source: SISI, 2019)

 CHINA PORT STATUS QUO
Southeast Coast in 2018 Southeast Coast Port Cluster
• 14 container terminals
• 16.01 million TEU in total
• Xiamen, Fuzhou and
Quanzhou

(Source: SISI, 2019)

 CHINA PORT STATUS QUO
Pearl River Delta Port Cluster Peral River Delta in 2018
• 16 container terminals
• 48.26 million TEU in total
• Guangzhou, Shenzhen

(Source: SISI, 2019)

 CHINA PORT STATUS QUO
Southwest Coast Port in 2018 Southwest Coast Port Cluster
• 5 container terminals
• 54.9 million TEU in total
• Qinzhou, Zhanjiang and
Haikou

(Source: SISI, 2019)

CHINA PORT AUTOMATION TREND
• automated operation
ports being developed
in Qingdao, Shanghai
and Xiamen
• integrating new and
advancing technologies
 CHINA PORT AUTOMATION TREND
Shanghai Yangshan Terminal
Yangshan - the world largest
container terminal
• 7 deep water berths
• annual throughput 40 million
TEU, aiming at 63 million TEU
• fully automated operation
• around the clock
• automated guided vehicles
(AGV)
 CHINA PORT AUTOMATION TREND
Qingdao
5G smart port
• 19.3 million containers yearly
• fully-automated operation
• 5G solution includes
automated ship-to-shore
crane lifting container over 5G
connection operated from
control centre.

(Source: Safety4sea, 26 Feb. 2019 )

 CHINA PORT AUTOMATION TREND

Xiamen
• global top 14
• 10.70 million TEU
in 2018
• fully automated
terminal operation.

(Source: China MOT, Jan. 2019)

3 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

• Issues
• Challenges
 ISSUE – AP OVERALL
Automated ports
Environment

• Automated port Smart

Security shipping
• Security and ports

• Environment
• Smart shipping AP
and ports
 ISSUE - ENVIRONMENT
• Ports are key players in the
maritime transport system when
it comes to achieving ambitious
emissions reduction.
• IMO’s initial GHG strategy
recognizes that shipping and
ports are intrinsically linked.
 CHALLENGES
The challenges to ports in
the littoral States involve
• port security
• maritime cyber security
• marine pollution
• new and advancing
technologies
(source: IMO homepage)
 CHALLENGES
Port facility security
• SOLAS
• ISPS Code
• Training
• Cooperation
CHALLENGES
New and advancing
technologies
• smart shipping
• IMO MASS RSE
• smart ports
• obstacles

(Source: MCA UK and ALLIANZ)

Thank You !

Prof. ZHANG Renping

rpzhang@hotmail.com