CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDY

This chapter presents different studies made by the other researchers

including articles and other reading materials. These may be similar or closely

related with this study. Furthermore the literature contributed additional

information, ideas and data.

Foreign Studies

According in an article “Impact of students' use of technology on their

learning achievements in physiology courses at the University of Dammam” by Dr.

Mohammed T. Al-Hariri (2016). It is important that we know how to best support

students who are not able to use technology, in spite of efforts made by the

university authorities to assist them. There are still some students who do not use

technology despite the hardship of studying without it. Those students need

support because Integrating technology into the classroom is an effective way to

connect with students of all learning styles. It also helps students stay engaged.

According to Stakkestad and Størdal (2017) in their study “The Effects of

Technology on Students’ Academic Performance”, technology teaches and

improves the collaborative and communicative abilities of students with one

another. However, this can be a distraction as well considering that they can access

the entertainment side of the internet such as social media, video games, and the

world wide web that takes the attention of students. Social networking sites
provides many opportunities to students to share each of their knowledge through

communicating and collaborating with each other. This positively affects their study

habits and academic performances by social influences.

According in an article “The effects of technology on academic motivation

and achievement in a middle school mathematics classroom” by Andrea K. Olsen

(2016). Teachers should employ research techniques in their classrooms on a

regular basis. It stated that a good teaching method helps the students to question

their preconceptions, and motivates them to learn. Despite the importance of good

teaching, the outcomes are far from ideal. Teaching is one of the main components

in educational planning which is a key factor in conducting educational plans.

According to Sutton (2013) in his study “The Effects of Technology in

Society and Education”, the hardship of students pays off with the help of modern

technology. They are able to research the lessons to understand it better. Sutton

stated that technology is also a unique and more fun alternative to pass

examinations. Another is stated that patience is a virtue which is a huge

understatement that a lot of people and students must take into serious

consideration.

According in an article “One to One Technology and its Effect on Student

Academic Achievement and Motivation” by Jennifer L. Harris (2016). Every child

in the classroom, school, school district, etc. should have a laptop or device in the

classroom to manipulate and learn with as a tool. It is stated that using a laptop or

any device in the classroom can be good preparation for working in the real world.
Many students will finish school and find jobs that include sitting in front of a

computer screen. Using technology in the classroom can improve students’

chances of getting those jobs and ease their transition and help them regulate the

distractions that come with laptop use.

Foreign Literatures

According in an article “Technology Impacts Students’ Study Habits” by

Morgan Noble (2015). The focus of students decreases from using technology

while studying, but the amount of information taken there increases their

knowledge and can still help in their learning. Stated that technology both helps

and hinders students in their studies. It has a tendency to create basic work ethic

rather than delve deeper into their subjects. When students are using technology

as a tool or a support for communicating with others, they are in an active role

rather than the passive role of recipient of information transmitted by a teacher,

textbook, or broadcast. But still, technology use allows many more students to be

actively thinking about information.

According to the article of DailyToreador in their article in 2015 “Technology

Impacts Students’ Study Habits”, the focus of students in studying decreases as

they use technology more, although the information they gain increases and can

also help in their learning. For the past 20 years, technology kept changing and

expanding quickly. The information that students gain has still helped them even if

their focus has slightly decreased.

According in an article “Technology in schools: Future changes in

classrooms” by Jane Wakefield (2015). Technology becomes a kick-starter of

improvement in education and study habits of a student that exceeds the

limitations of the 19th century education style which only relied on books. Instead

of the books being the only source of help in a classroom, students can access

web sites, online tutorials, and more to assist them. Students can also get help

and tutoring at any time, whether from the teacher via email or online collaboration,

or from a help web site.

In the article ”Cellphones in classrooms contribute to failing grades”

published by ABC News in 2018, they discovered that people surrounded by an

environment where the community uses technology when they themselves do not

use technology in studying are still affected as the area that surrounds them are

distractions. Scientists who have studied these effects from people in regards to

divided attention explains that it has something to do with “retention” in psychology.

When attention is divided between two tasks, some ideas in regards to those tasks

may be recalled later on by that concept. Research on electronic devices presents

that smart phones may reduce the thinking abilities of people to a full potential and

more research from Stanford University shows that multitasking decreases the

efficient ability of completing a certain task given.

According to Dr. Kevin Riutzel’s “Cellphones in classrooms contribute to

failing grades: Study” July 27, 2018. People who do not use technology while

studying whereas being part of an environment where almost majority are using

technology may still get affected due to the distraction that they acquire from the

people that surrounds them. The statement implies that even some people do not
use technology, they can still be distracted due to the influences of the people who

used technology. Students can learn useful life skills through technology but of

course, come an equal and opposite set of possible disadvantages.

Local Studies

According to an article “Video games boost skills, but also harmful” by GMA

News (2015). Video games can sharpen the brain and refine its skills which is

proven on a scientific basis. According to the statement, the analyzation skills and

deeper understanding required by video games can be improved in real life. Video

games have a lot of skills needed to be used to live up to its level of activeness

and entertainment. These skills can be applied everywhere since these are really

essential to oneself. Players will learn how to make wise decisions when they

encounter situations in their actual lives.

According to Judilla and Gemora (2015) in the study “Influence of Social

Networking on the Study Habit and Performance of Students in an State

University”, the study aimed to verify how social networking influences the study

habits and academic performance of tertiary students of the West Visayas State

University (WVSU) System. Likewise, it aimed to find out the differences significant

to the increasing influences of social networking to students when grouped by age,

sex, socio economic status, and educational attainment of parents. The study fixed

the descriptive-correlational method in explaining how social network becomes a

benefit to the study habits and performance of students.

According to an article “How technology can ‘program the future’ of PH

students” by Isabel Salvosa (2017). Students can create solutions to improve the

lives of fellow Filipinos which is why we need to ensure they have the resources to

pursue these. Stated that students themselves can also team up in creating ways

to make the lives of Filipinos more meaningful. They must still know how they are

able to share their opinions properly to keep a formal approach like using their time

wisely. Students are allowed to share their ideas as well provided that technology

can really give a positive impact to Filipino citizens.

According to Morallo (2014) in “The Effects of Social Networking Sites on

Students’ Academic Performance in Lyceum of the Philippines – Laguna”, study

habits are affected by social networking sites. In the advent of internet technology,

internet has placed social communication as a huge base for daily communication,

collaboration, and networking. This was described by tons of social networking

websites and portals. This study was created to understand how Social Networking

Sites (SNSs) has made an impact to the academic performance of students based

on Lyceum of the Philippines – Laguna. Results have been revealed to show that

these contributed in the attainment of higher grades.

According to an article “Learning with the help of technology” by John Paul

M. Espinosa (2016). To keep up with the modern generation, the country will have

to study and develop its own model of computer-based learning that will be

effective for Filipino students. The statement above implies that the country should

have more uniqueness and start developing their own system of learning with

technology. If the country wants to be on the same level as advanced system of

other countries, the stardards of modernization must be met. The effectiveness of

such technology will not only make the country better but also improve the

education of many Filipino students.

Local Literatures

According in an article “How technology helps improve study habits” by

Krissy Supena Cabrera (2014). Students who uses technology can learn to be

cautious on the facts that they gather in the internet and form the relevance of the

topic they are researching in the internet. Students show progress with regard to

study habits when they have this technological advantage. Students have

embraced technology by connecting to the internet, do their own research through

the search engines. This enables the students to gather collective data to

accomplish assignments or requirements.

According to lifestyle inquirer articles, parents are worried that the intense

expansion of social media will distract their children from their studies greatly.

Reviewing the news, the team found out that based on expectations, social media

actually allowed students to gain slighty higher grades from commuicating to their

peers about school-related discussions. They also discovered that those who

actively participate on social media decreases their time in studying. In exchange,

frequent use of these has led to lower grades, although the team emphasized how

this is just a minor negative effect.

According in an article “Students' perception on use of technology in the

classroom at higher education institutions in Philippines” by Virginia Carbonilla

Gorra (2016). Most students in state colleges and universities of Caraga region in
the Philippines are likely to use technology in classrooms for the purpose of

positive consequences supporting the view that using technology helps in

enhancing learning related activities in classroom. The process of learning can

become very rich if the students have access to latest informations on subjects,

can analyse the information quickly through the use of technical tools. they can

develop strategies which can help them optimize use of technical resources in

schools where needed.

The article in Manilastandards.net in 2014 stated that the use of technology

may allow students to be more alert from the facts that they gather in the internet,

as well as the relevance of the topic that they have researched. Students and the

school itself have adapted to technology and embraced the concept of e-learning

by using various devices, as well as how the internet has helped learners reach

their full academic potential. Teachers and administrators noticed these benefits

when it was applied during class discussions. It has been a convenient instrument

to many who access it. Students, as educators say, has shown progress in regards

to their study habits when using this technological advantage. It helped students in

a very friendly matter.

According in an article “Influence of Social Networking on the Study Habits

and Performance of Students in a State University.” by Ariel R. Judilla (2015). The

extent of influence on students as an entire group from social networking

regardless of age, sex, socio economic status, and educational attainment of their

parents was high. Students are considered the largest categories that use these
applications as millions of them spending many hours using networking sites like

facebook, twitter, youtube and so on. The findings indicated that students are

influenced to a great extent by the social networks negatively because their

attention is focused on chatting while their academic activities are neglected and

left to suffer. With more research, more understanding will come therefore it will

help students to learn more.

SYNTHESIS AND RELEVANCE OF THE REVIEWED LITERATURE AND

STUDIES

Technology has transformed with our culture. There are many benefits for

students with the new advancements of technology. But it also comes up with

disadvantages, it became a distraction to some students who can not manage their

time when using technological equipment. It is easy to lose track of time while using

the internet. There are a million distractions such as social networks, online

shopping, and YouTube. By having technology in schools, it plays into these

distractions.

Technology in schools will allow students to be always aware of the next

phenomenon out in the news, taking away from their education and causing their

focus to be elsewhere. Without technology in schools, students will not know what

is going on the media or news at all hours of the day. Technology is taking away

student’s time from the real world. Students are often absorbed in their own

thoughts online and away from others. But despite of these disadvantages,

technology still has advantages. There are more information that can access
The modern technology, a large exchange in our world that influences the

lives of the all the human beings and this consists of the students and their

academic performance. Technology impacts lives up to the extent that the cutting-

edge generation adapts to its continuous exchange which includes education.

Students in modern times can also be distracted from their studies due to the fact

of social media and video games that the adolescents like so much. Since modern

technology plays a big role in every student’s life, the researches collected studies

that can varies the different effects of modern technology on academic

performance of students. Gathering related literature for this study is quite

challenging. The study is rich with prevalence and outcome but there is a deficit

on related studies and related literature. The researchers are very keen in finding

information for local studies and literature. However an inquiry and review of

relevant literature had been made and gathered to provide some information and

insights to help with the study.

Therefore, the researchers can conclude that there are clearly both pros

and cons in the lives of every Filipino especially in the Education sector. The fact

is, it is important for students to learn and understand technology. It is become a

part of daily life for all people to use modern technology. It affecting the the

academic performance of the students primarily some who influenced by Social

networking sites. However, technology use must not be excessive. It is important

for students to understand that yes, technology is an amazing thing; but at the

same time, it should not be used all of the time. Always remember that when too

much is harmful.