Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Copyright © 2018
by
Lu-Yen Chang
1
Contents
Foreword .......................................................................................... 4
What's New? .............................................................................................. 5
Revit Software ................................................................................... 6
Revit Working Environment ........................................................... 14
Exercise Files .................................................................................. 22
Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling ................................................. 27
1-1 Start a new Architectural Project ................................................... 28
1-2 Create First Floor Slab................................................................... 32
1-3 Setup Levels .................................................................................. 38
1-4 Draw Walls ..................................................................................... 43
1-5 Draw Restroom Partitions .............................................................. 51
1-6 Add Doors ...................................................................................... 57
1-7 Add Windows ................................................................................. 61
1-8 Add Stairs ...................................................................................... 66
1-9 Draw Second Floor Exterior Walls and Slab ................................. 74
1 - 10 Finish Second Floor Interior Walls, Doors and Windows .............. 82
1 - 11 Add Ceilings ................................................................................... 86
1 - 12 Add Roof ........................................................................................ 91
1 - 13 Add Room Information ................................................................... 95
Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems ............................................. 103
2-1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling ........................................ 104
2-2 Create Spaces ............................................................................. 118
2-3 Create Zones ............................................................................... 136
2-4 Zone Color Fill Legend ................................................................ 146
2-5 Energy Analysis ........................................................................... 152
2-6 Place Air Terminals...................................................................... 163
2-7 Create Secondary Supply Air Systems ....................................... 179
2-8 Create Primary Supply Air Systems ............................................ 198
2-9 Size Primary Supply Air Ducts..................................................... 206
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4 Foreword
Foreword
From 2004 to 2013, author had been working at Intel California Folsom campus, around
6000 employee’s research center with seven buildings and one energy center, maintaining
and updating all the facility drawings, helping Intel In-house engineers with mechanical and
electrical projects, and providing as-built drawings for vendors to do all the renovation
works of the site. During that period, we just used the popular AutoCAD software to do the
drafting. Although in 2011 Intel has bought the License of Revit, but at Folsom site we didn’t
promote and use Revit to do the projects.
In 2013 spring, author left Intel and went back to Taiwan. During a short term working at an
architectural firm I got a chance to touch Revit. I found that Revit is an interesting software
but a tough one. In 2013 fall, author came back to Sacramento; I took one semester Revit
MEP course at Cosumnes River College. Nevertheless, the material that the professor
provided in lab session was out of date, I had to spend a lot of time to try and learn by
myself, as well as research online to get the information of the course.
During 2008 to 2010, Autodesk once provided user with many Revit tutorial materials (such
as Architectural, Structural and MEP). They also translated those tutorials into different
languages. After 2010 they dropped them. In 2011, Autodesk once released a more than
two thousand pages Revit MEP User’s Guide. But after 2012, users can only go online to
watch tutorial videos and browse web pages of related topics.
Since author has got involved with many MEP drawings at Intel, therefore Revit MEP did not
beat me. In my last year at Intel, I had keyed in hundreds of panel schedules from
handwritten schedules into Excel files. When I created them, I found the circuits in Excel
files are just dead records, they are not linking to the equipment in building. When
electrical equipment changed, added or removed, we still have to manually update these
Excel files. But had I use Revit to create these electrical equipment, not only I could
generate panel schedules quickly and accurately, but also could update them when
equipment changed. Another problem is, when there are hundreds of panels in our site,
finding a particular panel is a challenge. Had I use Revit to model all the panels; I could
easily find and spot a particular panel by using Revit’s System Browser.
Besides, during my period at Intel, a cross site CAD group spent a lot time to establish an
Intel CAD Standard that includes thousands of AutoCAD Layers and Blocks to be used for
Intel facilities and projects. In this Standard, it specifies the purpose and usage of every
layer. But the problem is, although we have this in-house standard, there is no enforcement.
It’s only for reference. It also arises many arguments among users and vendors. But if we
Foreword 5
use Revit, we don’t have to worry about the layers, because Revit has setup all the
mandatory object categories and sub-categories for us, although it is autocratic, but there
won’t be any layer compatible issue between drawings.
Since Revit is a rigorous software, users need to be very methodical to work with, thus
author choose Step by Step approach to lead readers step into the world of Revit. Author
does not have deep MEP background, but is willing to demonstrate the uses of the software
to help the MEP professionals to move into the era of Revit.
What's New?
In 2019 edition of this book we assign Energy Analysis Space Type information for each
space for better Cooling Loads Calculation.
Since different type space has different occupancy density that would have different heat
generated from human body, and different type space also has different lighting and power
load density that would have different heat generated from lighting fixtures and power
devices.
6 Revit Software
Revit Software
The Revit building information modeling software is a design and documentation system
that supports the design, drawings, and schedules required for a building project. The
Building information modeling (BIM) created by Revit delivers information about project
design, scope, quantities, and phases.
Since Revit uses parameters to model building, it not only creates 3D geometric information
for us, but also adds valuable information to these graphic elements. For example, a
window can have basic information of materials and dimensions; it can also include light
transmittance, thermal resistance (R value), heat transfer coefficient (U value) information
for energy analysis, besides, we can add manufacturer, model, cost and URL (Uniform
Resource Locator) information for this window, thus make the created model very
comprehensive and useful.
Revit MEP
In the beginning, Autodesk Revit software was focused on Architectural modeling. Later,
Autodesk introduced Revit Structure and Revit MEP. In 2013 Autodesk merged Architecture,
Structure and MEP altogether. Now Revit has included all three disciplines makes it a single
Revit Software 7
complete package. In Revit project editing screen we can see the first three tools tabs are:
Architecture, Structure and Systems. In Revit, Systems means MEP (Mechanical, Electrical
and Plumbing) systems.
Revit Terms
Before using Revit software we should familiarize some of Revit major terminologies. To
understand these terminologies will help us the executions of the software. It will also help
us understand the structure of the software and the design logic of Revit.
Project
In Revit, project is a database of information of our design (i.e. Building Information Model).
The project file contains all information for the building design, from geometry to
construction data. This information includes components used to design the model, views
of the project, and drawings of the design. In a project file, we can easily alter our design
and have changes reflected in all associated areas, such as: plan views, elevation views,
section views, schedules, and etc.
Element
In a project, Revit has three kinds of elements:
1 Model elements use to display the actual 3D geometry of the building, such as: walls,
doors, windows, roof, etc.
2 Datum elements help to define project context. Such as: grids, levels, and reference
planes.
3 View-specific elements use to describe or document the modeled buildings, such as:
dimensions, tags, and 2D detail components.
There are 2 types of model elements:
Hosts (or host elements) are generally built in place at the construction site, such as:
walls, roof, structural walls, ramps, etc.
Model components are all the other elements in the building model, such as: doors, windows,
furniture, beams, columns, AC units, electrical panels, sprinklers, etc.
8 Revit Software
When creating a project, we add Revit parametric building elements to the design. Revit
classifies elements by categories, families, and types.
Revit Software 9
Category
A category is a group of elements that we use to model or document a building design. For
example, categories of model elements include slabs, walls, doors, windows. Categories of
annotation elements include tags and text notes.
Family
We group elements with a common set of parameters (properties), identical use, and
similar graphical representation into a family. For example, M_Single-Flush door is a family.
Although different elements in this family may have different sizes or materials, but their
usages are the same, all are single panel interior doors.
Type
Each family can have many types. For example, a M_Fixed family in window category has
many types of different sizes such as: 0406 x 0610mm, 0406 x 1220mm, 0406 x 1830mm …,
etc. Type parameters can be examined and set in Type Properties dialog box.
10 Revit Software
Instance
Instances are the actual items (individual elements) that are placed in the project. In
building we place model instances, on drawing sheet we place annotation instances. As the
following figure, we placed one M_Fixed : 0915 x 1220mm window instance, 39 M_Fixed :
1420 x 1420mm window instances, and two annotation instances describing those windows.
Object Style
The Object Styles tool of Revit is similar to AutoCAD’s Layers; it specifies line weights, line
colors, line patterns, and materials for model objects, annotation objects, and imported
objects in a project.
We can click Manage tab then select Object Styles to open Object Styles dialog box.
In Revit, the categories of objects are fixed; we cannot rename or delete them. However we
can create additional subcategories under these major categories. The subcategories
created by user only exist in that project which can be renamed and deleted. Besides, in
each view we can use Revit’s Visibility/Graphics Override tool to override these default
object styles.
12 Revit Software
Visibility/Graphics Override
We can open Visibility/Graphics Override dialog box in each view of a project to override
the original settings set in Object Styles of that view. We can also set the visibility, halftone,
detail level of the objects. The visibility in Revit’s Visibility/Graphics Override dialog box is
similar to the on/off or freeze/thaw in AutoCAD’s Layer Manager. Besides, we can filter and
do visibility/graphics overrides to specific objects. If a project has inserted linked models,
we can also do visibility/graphics overrides to them.
Note: we can type VG to open Visibility/Graphics Override dialog box.
Revit Software 13
Level
Levels are finite horizontal planes that act as a reference for level-hosted elements, such as
floors, ceilings, and roofs. It also is a reference for placing other elements, such as windows,
lighting fixtures, lavatories, sprinklers, etc. We should create levels for all known stories or
other needed references of the building. To add levels, we must be in a section or elevation
view.
View Range
Every plan and reflect ceiling plan (RCP) view has a view property called View Range. The
view range has four horizontal planes (Top, Cut Plane, Bottom and View Depth) that control
object visibility and display in the view. The top and bottom clip planes represent the
topmost and bottommost portion of the primary view range. The cut plane is a plane that
determines at what height certain elements in the view are shown cut. View depth is an
additional plane outside of the primary range. We can set the level of view depth to show
elements below the bottom clip plane, by default, it is coincident with the bottom.
Attention! The view depth plane of a reflect ceiling plan view is higher or coincident with
top plane.
14 Revit Working Environment
Projects
Open: Open a Revit related file. (or click a right icon to open a recent project file)
New: Use a Revit template file to start a new project.
Construction Template: Use default construction template to start a new project.
Architectural Template: Use default architectural template to start a new project.
Structure Template: Use default structure template to start a new project.
Mechanical Template: Use default mechanical template to start a new project.
Families
Open: Open a Revit family file. (or click a right icon to open a recent family file)
New: Use a family template to start a new family.
New Conceptual Mass: Use default mass family template to create a conceptual massing
model.
Revit Working Environment 15
File Menu
When we click the File tab, Revit displays a menu that has: New, Open, Save, Save As,
Export, .… functions, similar to those application menus that some software have. On the
upper right, it lists recent accessed files. On the lower right, there is an Options button to
let us do some software settings, such as: User Interface, Graphic, File Locations, Rendering,
and etc.
InfoCenter
InfoCenter is a resource center that allows user to access many Autodesk product-related
information.
Help
Launch internet browser and go to Autodesk Revit 2019 online help web page.
Resources
Similar to InfoCenter, but added some online video links to introduce Revit software.
16 Revit Working Environment
File Tab
Same as the File Tab in Revit starting screen.
Quick Toolbar
The Quick access Toolbar contains a set of default tools. We can customize this toolbar to
display the tools that we use most often.
Tools Tabs
Revit uses tabs to categorize its tools. By clicking the tab we can get the desired tools.
During the editing, sometimes Revit displays additional contextual tab and tools which are
relevant to the current operation or selected object.
Ribbon
The ribbon displays all the necessary tools related to the current tab. Tools are categorized
by different panels. If a tool or a panel has a little down arrow, we can click it to get more
tools.
Revit Working Environment 17
InfoCenter
Same as the InfoCenter in starting screen.
Options Bar
It displays conditional tools dependent on the current operation or selected element.
Properties Palette
On Properties palette we can examine and set the parameters that define the properties of
elements.
Family/Type Selector
It is at the top of the Properties palette. It identifies the currently selected family and type.
When we click the little down arrow we can select a different family and type from its drop-
down list.
Project Browser
The Project Browser displays the hierarchies of views, schedules, sheets, families, and other
parts of the current project. We can expand each branch to display its lower level items.
Drawing Area
This is the main area for us to do the modeling. There is a Navigation Bar at its upper right.
If in 3D view, there is another 3D View Cube at its upper right to help us set different 3D
viewing angles.
Status Bar
The status bar provides tips or hints on what to do. When we highlight an element or
component, the status bar displays the name of the family and type.
18 Revit Working Environment
System Browser
When we press F9 function key Revit pops up a MEP System Browser on the right side of
drawing area. For MEP project, we can use this System Browser to find all components and
examine the hierarchies of mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems. It is a very useful
tool for MEP design and modeling.
We can dock the browser window above or below the drawing area or drag it into the
drawing area. Press F9 function key again to close it.
Revit Working Environment 19
Context Menu
During the editing we can always right click the mouse button to pop up a Context Menu.
This menu will list the possible operations that we might conduct, which will accelerate the
editing process. For example, select a connector of a VAV box, right click mouse button, in
Context Menu select Draw Duct to draw a duct from that connector with correct type and
size.
Mouse Operations
Beside the Context Menu by right clicking, there are a few features of mouse operations:
Wheel mouse wheel to zoom in and zoom out model in a view.
Press wheel and move mouse to pan model in a view.
In 3D view, press Shift key first, then press wheel and move mouse to spin 3D
viewing angle.
When using mouse to pick objects, press Ctrl key can add objects to the selection set,
while press Shift key can remove objects from the selection set.
Keyboard Shortcuts
Revit provides many keyboard shortcuts to accelerate software executions. Below are a few
used in this book:
VG or VV (Visibility/Graphics)
WT (Tile Windows): Tile all opened view windows in drawing area.
ZA: Zoom All to Fit
ZZ: Zoom in Region
20 Revit Working Environment
Beside open Snaps dialog box to do the settings, during the command execution we can key
in object snap abbreviations such as: SE (Snap to Endpoint) to temporarily turn on that
snapping.
Exercise Files
During the modeling, author provides exercise files for each section of this book (including
the finished drawings) to let reader complete the model of each chapter seamlessly. By
going through complete modeling processes reader can learn the powerful capabilities of
Revit and understand what BIM is.
Reader can download the exercise files from author’s Google Drive, the hyperlink is located
at the end of this book in Appendix section. It’s a zipped file about 555 MB. After
downloaded the zip file, extract all the folders and files to a convenient place in your
computer.
The benefits of exercise files is that when reader get stuck with a section, he can skip that
section and continue with the next one, later when he has time he can come back to redo
the section that he has troubled with. Additionally, when finished one section, reader can
compare his work with the next exercise file to see if he has done correctly. Providing final
finished drawing of each chapter, reader can clearly see the final result that he will achieve.
Achievement is the key to learn software successfully. If a learner can achieve a milestone
of a section, with just a little achievement to gain some confidence, that will encourage
him/her to continue with more challenges.
In some sections author only guide reader with partial modeling, such as only complete the
first floor, or just complete the left side systems, reader needs to finish the second floor or
the right side system him/herself. To save time, reader or instructor can open the next
exercise file and jump to the next section directly.
Exercise Files 25
For each chapter, reader should create an exercise folder such as: Electrical Exercise in
computer to save his/her works, thus after each section he/she can review the models that
he/she has done.
Reader should not just open and browse these exercise files without going through the
steps covered in this book. Remember! To learn a software, it is vital to exercise it and do
the project by yourself, only practice it back and forth in order to master it. Thus you can
learn the features and tricks of it, and even to learn some limitations of it.
26
27
Now we are entering Revit’s Project Editing Screen. In Drawing Area, only displays: East,
South, West and North four Elevation Symbols.
In Revit templates, Level 1 and Level 2 views normally mean First Floor and Second Floor.
Note: The full name of Ceiling Plan is Reflected Ceiling Plan (RCP), which is a plan view of a
structure above the cutting plane; surfaces above cutting plane such as ceiling are
projected downward.
2 In Project Units dialog box, click the example button of Length Format.
3 In Format dialog box, for Units select Centimeters, for Rounding select 2 decimal places,
for Unit symbol select cm, put a check mark on Suppress on trailing 0’s.
4 Click OK to complete the settings of Length format, click OK again to finish the settings
of Project Units.
1 - 1 Start a new Architectural Project 31
Note: To increase Rounding decimal places can increase the accuracy of the drawing; also it
is much easier for us to find the discrepancies.
4 Click OK to complete the setting. Now we can see that Revit displays the Project Base
Point at the center of the screen.
32 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
Save Project
Click the File Tab, select Save As, then select Project, in Save As dialog box, create an
Architectural Exercise folder at a convenient location on your hard drive, enter 01
Architectural Setup Finished for File name, then click Save.
Close Project
Click the File Tab then select Close.
2 As shown on the left, click a point near west elevation symbol, then drag the dimension
line horizontally to the point near east elevation symbol.
3 As shown on the right, click a point near south elevation symbol, then drag the
dimension line vertically to the point near north elevation symbol.
The distances between west and east elevation symbols, south and north symbols are
about 5000 cm or 50 meters. The footprint of our office building is 3868 cm x 2488 cm, thus
we don’t need to adjust (move) these elevation symbols.
1 - 2 Create First Floor Slab 33
Note: When measuring two points, all the dimensions displayed on screen are temporarily.
Note: If Family/Type Selector is not displaying Floor and Generic 150mm, click the down
arrow on its right to find and select Floor family Generic 150mm type floor.
6 On Properties palette, click Edit Type, in Type Properties dialog box click Duplicate…
button.
7 In Name dialog box, change Generic 150mm 2 to Generic 200mm, press OK.
9 In Edit Assembly dialog box, change the Thickness of Structure [1] from 15.00 cm to
20.00 cm, press OK.
14 When done, click Finish Edit Mode to finish the editing of floor boundary.
Now we have a 3868 cm x 2488 cm 20 cm thick floor.
Now the elevation symbols became twice big, and when we do the dimensions in the
following steps, the dimension text will become twice bigger.
16 Click Aligned Dimension button on Quick Toolbar.
17 In Family/Type Selector, verify that family is Linear Dimension Style, type is Diagonal -
2.5mm Arial. Then on Properties palette, click Edit Type.
36 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
Now we based on a dimension type which has black color created a new dimension type
which has red color and set it to the current type.
23 Next, select the left edge of slab, then click the project base point, then select the right
edge of slab, move the dimension line below the slab to complete the horizontal
dimension of the slab.
1 - 2 Create First Floor Slab 37
24 Select the bottom edge of slab, then click the project base point, then select the top
edge of slab, move the dimension line to the left of the slab to complete the vertical
dimension of the slab.
25 When done, click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish the command.
26 Select the rectangle slab, then click one of its horizontal dimensions, change its value to
1934.
27 Select the rectangle slab again, click one of its vertical dimensions, change its value to
1244.
Now the center of slab has aligned to the project base point. We can delete these
dimensions which are just the tool to position our slab.
38 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
28 Hold Ctrl key, select horizontal and vertical dimensions, then click the button on
Modify panel (or press Del key) to delete them.
In order not to let the slab move accidentally, we use Revit’s Pin to lock it in place.
29 Select the slab first, then click button on Modify panel.
1 - 3 Setup Levels
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\03 Setup Levels.rvt
4 Drag its left little control circle to the left of slab to expand the level line.
9 On the Options Bar at the bottom of the Modify | Place Level ribbon, verify that Make
Plan View is checked, then click the Plan View Types... button.
18 Move mouse cursor to a little bit up of Level 1 line, when seeing a blue dashed line
appear at the top of Level 1, press down the mouse button.
19 Again, move mouse cursor to a little bit up of Level 2 line, when seeing a blue dashed
line appear at the top of Level 2, press down the mouse button.
Notice: When creating Level 4, Level 5 and Level 6, we unchecked (turn off) Make Plan View,
means we only use these levels for height references. Revit treats these levels by using
Black symbols to differentiate those levels with blue symbols that can make (create) plan
views. This is why when we rename Level 4, Level 5 and Level 6, Revit does not ask if we
want to rename the corresponding views.
1 - 4 Draw Walls
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\04 Draw Walls.rvt
4 In Family/Type Selector, verify that family is Basic Wall, type is Generic - 200mm.
44 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
5 On the Options Bar at the bottom of the Modify | Place Wall ribbon, select Height, and
Unconnected, enter 350 cm, set Location Line to Finish Face: Exterior, check Chain, set
Offset to 0 cm.
6 Follow the order below, draw exterior walls clockwise for the building:
lower left corner -> upper left corner -> right 1527.7cm -> down 100cm -> right 242.6cm
-> up 100cm -> upper right corner -> lower right corner -> left 1527.7cm -> up 120cm ->
left 812.6cm -> down 120cm -> lower left corner
Notice: When dragging the cursor to create a new wall, we can enter the desired distance
from keyboard for that direction.
7 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish drawing the walls.
Note: If we set Location Line to Finish Face: Interior, we can follow the order below to draw
walls counterclockwise:
lower left corner -> right 1527.7cm -> up 120cm -> right 812.6cm -> down 120cm ->
lower right corner -> upper right corner -> left 1097.7cm -> down 100cm -> left
242.6cm -> up 100cm -> upper left corner -> lower left corner
1 - 4 Draw Walls 45
Now we are viewing our model from RIGHT, FRONT, TOP angle.
9 Type VG, click Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Levels.
5 In Name dialog box, change Interior - 135mm Partition (2-hr) 2 to Interior - 126mm
Partition, press OK.
7 In Edit Assembly dialog box, select the 8th layer: Finish 2[5] | Gypsum Wall Board | 0.95
cm, then press Delete button to remove it, press OK to finish the Editing.
Notice: Now the thickness of the wall changed from 13.55 cm to 12.60 cm.
1 - 4 Draw Walls 47
10 Then draw 12.6 cm interior walls to create three rooms at lower left of the building
similar to the figure below.
Note: 265.2 cm is the ceiling level 260 cm + the thickness 5.2 cm of the grid ceilings.
11 Click Aligned Dimension button on Quick Toolbar, on Options Bar select Wall centerline,
dimension the 4 interior walls we just drew.
48 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
12 Select the right interior wall of first room; change its bottom dimension to 484 cm.
13 Select the right wall of second room; change its bottom dimension to 720 cm.
14 Select the right wall of third room; change its bottom dimension to 300 cm.
1 - 4 Draw Walls 49
15 Select the upper common wall of three rooms; change its left dimension to 484 cm.
Now we have used the dimension method correctly positioned the interior walls of these
three rooms.
Refer to the drawing below, draw the rest interior walls approximately, then use dimension
method to position them to the correct locations. (This is what I call “Draw then Adjust”
feature of Revit)
Of course we might use Copy, Move, Mirror, Extend, Trim Corner, Split, Align tools on
Modify panel to complete these interior walls.
1 - 5 Draw Restroom Partitions 51
The reason to draw 265.2 cm high interior walls is that most spaces have hung ceilings, the
plenum space above these ceilings will run a lot of mechanical ducts and piping, therefore
these interior walls are not up to the slab above. Only interior walls around Elec/Mech
room, stairwell and restroom shafts (highlighted in red) are up to second floor slab. These
wall are 350 cm high, need to be drawn separately.
2 Move cursor to the left wall face of right restroom, when Revit displays the distance
between the Nearest point and the horizontal wall below, enter 152 from keyboard.
9 Click an empty point in left restroom, drag cursor vertically up but DO NOT click, (the
dragging distance doesn’t matter) then enter 91 from keyboard.
Thus we arrayed the selected partition line 91 cm up 4 times (including itself).
54 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
13 Move cursor to the left wall face of right restroom, on its right a little bit, when seeing
Revit displays a blue dash line on its right, press down mouse button.
Now we copied the wall face line 50 cm to its right creating a green model line.
17 First trim the corners of the model lines, then delete the unwanted model lines to get
the result as shown.
18 Drag mouse from right corner to left corner to cross select all partition model lines in
right restroom.
20 Use keyboard to enter SM (Snap Middle) to turn on Midpoints object snap, next pick the
midpoint of the shaft wall.
56 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
24 Select the horizontal wall face for boundary, then select the vertical partition line below,
after extending click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
1 - 6 Add Doors 57
Thus we have finished the partition and divider model lines of restrooms.
Since there are many ways to draw these model lines, readers don’t necessarily use
author’s way. You can try your own method and way to draw them. These green model
lines will serve as references for section in Chapter 5 while placing MEP toilets and urinals.
1 - 6 Add Doors
In this section we will be practicing how to open doors on walls, and also how to flip doors
in and out, left and right.
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\06 Add Doors.rvt
1 On Architecture ribbon select Door.
58 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
2 Verify that the name on Family/Type Selector is M_Single-Flush and 0915 x 2134mm.
3 Drag the door to the upper wall of the lower left room.
4 Press Space bar to alter the door swinging.
5 Move it to let its dimension to the right wall become 10 cm, then press mouse button to
position the door.
After putting the door, we can select it; then click the Flip icons to flip it In and Out, Left and
Right.
1 - 6 Add Doors 59
6 Use the methods above, refer to the drawing below, finish placing all the single doors on
first floor.
11 Drag this double door to the outer side of the wall of south entrance, move it left or
right to let its dimensions to both sides of the walls become equal.
1 - 7 Add Windows
In this section we will be practicing how to create a new type of a window family. We will
also be practicing to use Revit’s Array and Mirror tools to quickly duplicate successive and
symmetrical windows.
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\07 Add Windows.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click Level 1 under Floor Plans to open that view.
2 On Architecture ribbon select Window.
8 Place a 142 x 142 cm window on the exterior wall of the room at lower left corner.
9 Pick the window just placed, click its left constrain dimension to the left wall, change it
to 43 cm. (Now the window moved to the correct location, this is the “Draw then Adjust”
feature of Revit)
10 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish placing the first window.
Notice: When picking the window, we can click icon to flip the window pane to inner or
outer.
13 Click an empty point inside the room, drag cursor horizontally to the right but DO NOT
click, (the dragging distance on the screen doesn’t matter) then enter 240 from
keyboard.
Thus we arrayed the selected window 240 cm right 6 times (including itself).
14 On Architecture ribbon select Window again, drag the window to the left wall of south
entrance, move it left or right to let both dimensions become equal, then press mouse
button to center this window on the wall.
64 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
Now we have mirrored left 7 windows to the right side of the building.
Use the methods above, refer to the drawing below, finish placing all the windows on first
floor. The EQs on dimensions means they are equal distance on both sides. The small
window at north entrance uses 0915 x 1220mm type window.
19 After finish all windows, click the button on Quick Toolbar to see the 3D result of
first floor window placements.
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1 - 8 Add Stairs
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\08 Add Stairs.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click Level 1 under Floor Plans to open that view.
When creating a turning stair, we need to know or calculate the width of steps in advance.
2 Click Measure button on Quick Toolbar.
3 Click two wall faces of south stairwell to get its horizontal net width of 287.4 cm.
Step width = (stairwell net width – gap between two turnings) / 2 = (287.4 – 4) / 2 = 141.7
cm.
1 - 8 Add Stairs 67
7 In Type Properties dialog box, change Top Rail Height from 110 cm to 100 cm, then click
the Edit… button next to Baluster Placement.
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8 In Edit Baluster Placement dialog box, set Regular baluster family to M_Baluster -
Square : 25mm, set Dist. From previous to 20 cm, set Justify to Center, change Baluster
Per Tread from 2 to 1, set tread Baluster Family to M_Baluster - Square : 25mm, set all
Posts Baluster Family to None.
Draw Stair
10 On Architecture ribbon select Stair.
1 - 8 Add Stairs 69
11 Verify that the name on Family/Type Selector is Assembled Stair : 190mm max riser
250mm going.
12 On Properties palette, set Top Level to Level 2, then click Edit Type.
13 In Type Properties dialog box click Duplicate… .
14 In Name dialog box, press OK. (Here we don’t enter new name, just take the name that
Revit gives)
15 Click Non-Monolithic Landing next to Landing Type, then click the little square button on
the right to open another Type Properties dialog box.
16 In Type Properties dialog box, select System Family: Monolithic Landing.
70 Chapter 1 Architectural Modeling
Now we can see there are Construction and Material and Finishes parameters for this
landing type.
17 Press OK to back to Assembled Stair Type Properties dialog box.
18 Set both Right Support and Left Support parameters to Carriage (Open).
22 In Railing dialog box, select 1000mm 1 Baluster / Tread type that we created.
The reason we make this adjustment is because Revit’s default value for Tread/Stringer
Offset is 1 in. (2.54 cm). But in Metric system, the width of railing is 5 cm. if we zoon-in very
closely; we will see there is a tiny gap between the edge of railing and the edge of stair (or
stairwell wall). Since we will move the stair using its corner as a reference point (see the
coming steps). If we don’t make this adjustment, we might pick the wrong corner and move
it with a tiny discrepancy.
35 Click the button on Quick Toolbar, and zoom in to see the 3D result of the south
stair.
Use the same methods to complete the north stair. The net width of north stairwell is 237.4
cm, step width = (237.4 – 4) / 2 = 116.7 cm.
Now these 6 major exterior walls have risen up to the height of parapet.
3 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
1 - 9 Draw Second Floor Exterior Walls and Slab 75
6 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
Attention! Because in Architectural template, Level 2 plan view has set its Underlay Range
Base to Level 1, therefore we can see the grey interior wall outlines of Level 1.
9 On Properties palette, set Base Offset to -70 cm, set Top Constraint to Up to Level:
Parapet.
10 Draw 2 pieces of wall on second floor to fix the exterior walls at south and north
entrances. (Use the same direction as drawing the first floor exterior walls)
Now we have finished all the exterior walls of the building including the parapet walls of
roof.
3 In Family/Type Selector, verify that current family is Floor, type is Generic 200mm.
4 On Modify | Create Floor boundary ribbon, click Rectangle button.
Now we see the stairs are blocked by second floor slab when they are going up to second
floor. Thus we need to create two vertical openings for them.
Vertical Openings
1 Close the 3D view back to the Floor Plan: Level 2 view.
2 On Architecture ribbon, select Vertical (on Opening panel).
3 First, use cross cursor to click the edge of the slab that we just did.
4 On Modify | Create Opening Boundary ribbon, click the Rectangle button, draw two
rectangles at the stairwells as shown. (When drawing the rectangle, zoom in and snap to
the end point of lower right railing and upper left corner of the stairwell)
1 - 9 Draw Second Floor Exterior Walls and Slab 79
5 Click Finish Edit Mode to finish the creation of opening boundary. Click the leftmost
Modify button on ribbon.
Now on Level 2 floor plan view we can see all the stair steps going down to first floor.
6 Click the button on Quick Toolbar to view these stairwell openings in 3D.
Shaft Openings
1 Again, close the 3D view back to the Floor Plan: Level 2 view.
Note: We can type WT (Window Tile) to display 3D and floor plan windows side by side to
avoid switching them back and forth.
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3 On Properties palette, set Base Constraint to Level 2, set Base Offset to -20 cm, set Top
Constraint to Up to Level: Roof, set Top Offset to -20 cm.
4 Draw a 197.4 cm x 167.4 cm rectangle on top of the Rear Entrance as shown.
5 When done, click the Finish Edit Mode to finish the opening.
9 Click the Finish Edit Mode to finish the middle shaft opening.
1 - 9 Draw Second Floor Exterior Walls and Slab 81
13 Click the Finish Edit Mode to finish the left shaft opening.
14 Use the same method to finish the restroom right shaft opening.
15 Click the button on Quick Toolbar to view our model in 3D.
Now Level 2 is quite empty, only has 4 exterior walls, 2 stairs going down and 4 shaft
openings.
4 Drag mouse from left corner to right corner to window select the central core of the
building.
6 In Filter dialog box, only select Doors, Lines and Walls three categories, press OK.
8 Click the down arrow under Paste to drop down the list, select Aligned to Selected
Levels.
9 In Select Levels dialog box, select Level 2, press OK.
10 In Project Browser, double click Level 2 under Floor Plans to open that view.
Now we can see the first floor central core (except stair) were copied to second floor.
16 From the right end point of the inner railing on second floor draw a horizontal line to
the left stairwell wall, click the button to finish the creation railing path. Click the
leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
17 Click the 3D view button on Quick Toolbar; zoom in the central core of second floor.
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Please refer to the layouts and dimensions of the drawing below to finish south side and
north side of second floor (including all windows and north stair railing). When drawing
interior walls, remember to select Basic Wall family Interior - 126mm Partition type, set wall
Height to 265.2 cm except those walls around Elec/Mech room and Shaft which we set
them to 350 cm. We can also use the copy and paste method, copy some interior walls from
first floor to clipboard and paste them to second floor, then do the editing to finish the
work.
1 - 11 Add Ceilings
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\11 Add Ceilings.rvt
Since Revit’s grid ceilings we can only see their grids from below, thus we go to reflect
ceiling plan views to create them.
1 In Project Browser, double click Level 1 under Ceiling Plans to open Ceiling Plan: Level 1
view.
1 - 11 Add Ceilings 87
9 On Modify | Place Ceiling ribbon, verify that Automatic Ceiling is turned on.
10 Move mouse cursor inside the lower left room, when seeing that room is highlighted,
press down mouse button. Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
11 On Architecture ribbon, select Ceiling again, continue to click the inside of the enclosed
rooms shown to put the grid ceilings for them.
23 On Modify | Place Ceiling ribbon, verify that Automatic Ceiling is turned on.
24 By doing twice, click the inside of the recessed area of south and north entrances to
create plain ceilings for them.
Note: Since Plain type Compound Ceiling does not have surface pattern, thus we cannot see
them on ceiling plan, but if we draw section lines across them we can see them on
section views.
1 - 12 Add Roof 91
Use the methods above and refer to the drawing below, complete all 600 x 600mm grid
ceilings for second floor.
1 - 12 Add Roof
Open the exercise file: \Architectural\12 Add Roof.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click Roof under Floor Plans to open Floor Plan: Roof view.
2 On Properties palette, click the Edit… button next to View Range, set both Primary
Range’s Bottom and View Depth’s Level to Level Below (Level 2).
4 In Family/Type Selector, verify that current family is Basic Roof, type is Generic - 400mm.
5 Press Edit Type to open Type Properties dialog box.
11 On the Options Bar under Modify | Create Roof Footprint ribbon, turn off Defines slope.
12 Click the Rectangle button on Draw panel.
13 Draw a rectangle just inside the parapet walls; click Finish Edit Mode to finish the
roof boundary.
14 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon. When Revit displays the following message,
press No.
1 - 13 Add Room Information 95
Now we only see two restroom shaft openings on roof floor plan view.
4 In Line Graphics dialog box, set Color to Magenta, set Pattern to Dash. Press OK.
Note: When creating rooms on second floor we need to do the same VG settings on Level 2
floor plane view.
1 - 13 Add Room Information 97
8 In open areas draw six room separation lines (magenta dashed) as shown.
Create Rooms
1 On Architecture ribbon, select Room.
3 Move mouse cursor to the center of lower left room, then click.
4 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish placing the first Room.
Note: If the Visual Style on View Control Bar is set to Wireframe, please set it to Hidden Line
to see the light blue Interior Fill.
In architectural drawings we usually don’t tag (label) narrow spaces like shafts. Next we
delete those shaft rooms that Revit automatically created.
7 Window select the region as shown that contains three restroom shafts.
Attention! When we deleted rooms, the associated tags were also deleted.
11 According to the drawing below correct all room names and numbers.
1 - 13 Add Room Information 101
Use the same method, according to the drawing below complete all the rooms on second
floor.
Mechanical (Discipline)
HVAC (Sub-Discipline)
Floor Plans (to create HVAC spaces and zones, place mechanical equipment)
1 - Mech
2 - Mech
Roof - Mech (to place rooftop mechanical equipment)
2 - 1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling 105
Ceiling Plans (to place HVAC equipment on and above ceilings, run ductworks)
1 - Ceiling Mech
2 - Ceiling Mech
3D Views
{3D} (default 3D view, each project at least has one)
Elevations (to run and examine ductworks outside the building)
East - Mech
North - Mech
South - Mech
West - Mech
Sections (to run and examine ductworks inside the building)
Section 1
Plumbing (Discipline)
Plumbing (Sub-Discipline)
Floor Plans (to place plumbing fixtures and equipment, run pipes)
1 - Plumbing
2 - Plumbing
3D Views
3D Plumbing (additional 3D view which is optional)
Elevations (to run and examine pipes outside the building)
East - Plumbing
North - Plumbing
South - Plumbing
West - Plumbing
The view name starting with “1 -“ and “2 -“ means “first floor” and “second floor”. We can
add more floor plans or roof plan based on our needs.
The so called “Ceiling Plan” is Reflected Ceiling Plan (RCP), which is a plan view of a
structure above the cutting plane.
Since in this chapter we only model the HVAC systems of the building, to simplify and
reduce confusing, let’s delete all the views under the Plumbing sub-discipline and Plumbing
discipline.
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2 In Project Units dialog box, click the example button of Length Format.
3 In Format dialog box, for Units select Centimeters, for Rounding select 2 decimal places,
for Unit symbol select cm, put a check mark on Suppress on trailing 0’s.
4 Click OK to complete the settings of Length format, but not yet to finish the whole
settings.
2 - 1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling 107
8 Click OK to complete the settings of Air Flow format, click OK again to finish the settings
of Project Units.
Note: For consistency, we set the Length format same as the Length format in Architecture
Project.
2 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and select the exercise file: \Architectural\c Office
Building.rvt
3 At the bottom of dialog box, verify Positioning: is Auto - Origen to Origen, then press
Open.
The line works of linked model is grey out with brightness of 50%.
2 - 1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling 109
4 Click Manage tab, then click Additional Settings to expand its drop down list, select
Halftone / Underlay.
5 In Halftone/Underlay dialog box change Brightness from 50% to 70%, press OK.
Now we can see the line works of linked model become darker.
6 Select the imported architectural background model, on Modify panel, click (Pin).
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2 As the figures shown below, select and drag the host’s level symbols to the right of link
model’s level symbols.
2 - 1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling 111
3 Click the 400 cm of Level 2; enter 370 to change its height to 370 cm.
4 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
6 On the Options Bar at the bottom of the Modify | Place Level ribbon, verify that Make
Plan View is checked, then click the Plan View Types... button.
7 In Plan View Types dialog box, ONLY select Floor Plan, then press OK.
10 Move mouse cursor to a little bit up of Level 2 line, when seeing a blue dashed line
appear at the top of Level 2, press down the mouse button. Thus we create a Level 3
level line.
13 Move mouse cursor to a little bit up of Level 2 line, when seeing a blue dashed line
appear at the top of Level 2, press down the mouse button. Thus we create a Level 5
level line.
Rename Levels
When creating new levels Revit will give us some temporary names, thus we should rename
them to the names we want.
15 Double click the name of Level 3, enter Roof to change its name to Roof. When Revit
asks if you want to rename the corresponding views, press Yes.
16 Use the same method, rename Level 4 to Ceiling 1, rename Level 5 to Ceiling 2.
17 Click Ceiling 1 level, on Properties palette, set its Computation Height to 5.2 cm.
18 Click Ceiling 2 level, on Properties panel, also set its Computation Height to 5.2 cm.
Note: When creating new levels, all we have to do is to create them in one elevation view
or in one section view, after creation, other elevation or section views can see them.
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Rename Views
In Project Browser we can see there are 3 new floor plan views, they have the same names
as the names of associated levels, however, views are not necessary to have the same name
as their associated levels, we can rename them to the names according to their usages.
19 In Project Browser, select newly added floor plan views, right click mouse button, on
Context Menu, select Rename,
rename Ceiling 1 to 1 - Plenum,
rename Ceiling 2 to 2 - Plenum,
rename Roof to Roof - Mech, respectively.
When Revit asks if you want to rename the corresponding level and views, all answer No.
If we answer Yes, the associated level and the other views it created will also be renamed,
this is not what we want.
2 On Properties palette, scroll down to View Template, click Mechanical Plan button.
3 In Assign View Template dialog box, set Name to <None>, click OK.
Attention! We have to set View Template to <None> in order to edit its View Range.
4 Click View Range’s Edit… button. In View Range dialog box, change Cut plane’s Offset
from default’s 120 cm to 60 cm.
Because the default 120 cm Offset was too high, it was above Level 2.
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5 Use the same method, open 2 - Plenum floor plan view, set its View Template to
<None>, then change View Range’s Cut plane’s Offset from 120 cm to 60 cm.
2 On Properties palette, scroll down to View Template, click Mechanical Plan button.
3 In Assign View Template dialog box, set Name to <None>, click OK.
2 - 1 Prepare Mechanical System Modeling 117
4 Click View Range's Edit… button. In View Range dialog box, set Cut plane Offset to 200
cm; set Bottom to Level Below (Ceiling 2), Offset 5 cm; set View Depth to Level Below
(Ceiling 2), Offset 5 cm.
Now on Roof - Mech view we can see the interior walls of second floor, the purpose is that
when we place rooftop AC units on this view we can position them at the right spots.
6 Type VG, click Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Elevations (4 elevation
symbols).
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7 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
The MEP modeling in this book, basically we can turn off all 4 elevation symbols (South, East,
North, West) on all floor plan and ceiling plan views, this can reduce the zooming
operations during the editing. If we want open these elevation views, we can just double
click the south, east, north or west elevation view names in Project Browser. But we have to
do the above VG settings for each floor plan views.
8 Open 1 - Mech, 1 - Plenum, 2 - Mech, 2 - Plenum, 1 - Ceiling Mech, 2 - Ceiling Mech six
plan views respectively, proceed the previous two steps:
6 Use VG to turn off Elevations.
7 Type ZA to zoom model to fit the drawing area.
Save your work
When all finished, Click the File Tab, select Save As, then select Project, in Save As dialog
box, create a Mechanical Exercise folder at a convenient location on your hard drive, enter
01 Mechanical Setup Finished for File name, then click Save. Click the File Tab again then
select Close.
2 - 2 Create Spaces
Besides modeling building information, Revit has the capabilities to do energy analysis and
lighting calculation. In order to calculate building heating and cooling loads, we have to
create (place) spaces everywhere in the building, whether they are occupied spaces or
unoccupied spaces, thus to get the correct results.
Open the exercise file: \Mechanical\02 Create Spaces.rvt
2 - 2 Create Spaces 119
Duplicate Views
1 In Project Browser, select 1 - Mech floor plan view, right click mouse button, on Context
Menu, select Duplicate View -> Duplicate.
2 Select duplicated 1 - Mech Copy 1 view, right click mouse button, on Context Menu,
select Rename, rename it to 1 - Space.
3 In Project Browser, select 2 - Mech floor plan view, right click mouse button, on Context
Menu, select Duplicate View -> Duplicate.
4 Select duplicated 2 - Mech Copy 1 view, right click mouse button, on Context Menu,
select Rename, rename it to 2 - Space.
Important! We have to turn on the Room Bounding of linked architectural model in order to
use its room enclosures to create spaces.
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Create Spaces
1 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Space under Floor Plans to open Floor Plan: 1 - Space
view.
2 On View Control Bar, set Detail Level to Coarse to simplify the line work of interior walls.
4 On Properties palette, set Constrain Upper Limit to Ceiling 1, set Limit Offset to 0 cm.
5 Scroll down to find Space Type in Energy Analysis category, click <Building>, when Revit
displays a little … square button on its right, click it.
6 In Space Type Settings dialog box, find and select Office - Enclosed, press OK.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 121
7 On Modify | Place Space ribbon, select (or make sure already turn on) Tag on Placement.
9 Continue to move cursor to the center of two other rooms on the right and click. Click
the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to end the command.
Automate Spaces
10 Again, select Space on the Analyze ribbon.
11 On Modify | Place Space ribbon, make sure Tag on Placement already been turned on,
click Place Spaces Automatically.
12 Press Close.
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Now Revit extracted the room information (name and number) from the linked
architectural file and transferred them into the corresponding space tags of our spaces.
Although we could create space by picking each individual room, but use Place Spaces
Automatically can put space tags right in the centers of the spaces, and use Space Naming
tool to transfer tag information very quickly. Another good thing of using Place Spaces
Automatically is that Revit will search all the spaces for us, so there won’t be any missing.
Attention! When creating space, we have to pay attention to its Constraint Upper Limit and
Offsets.
15 Type VG, find and expand Spaces, turn on Interior under Spaces, press OK.
124 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
Now we can see all spaces fill with light green color.
17 On the Options Bar at the bottom of the Modify | Space Tags ribbon, turn on the Leader.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 125
20 Same situation, add leaders to the other two shaft space tags, drag them to the right
and rename them correspondingly.
Note: When we created spaces with associated tags in one plan view, the other plan views
of the same floor (level) will also have those spaces but don’t have tags. For example,
in this model we created spaces in Space - 1 view, Mech - 1 view gets the identical
spaces but does not have tags on them. Nevertheless, we can use copy and paste
method to copy space tags to the view that needs them. Or, we can go to the view
that already has spaces to re-tag them.
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22 On Properties palette, change their Upper Limit to Roof, set Limit Offset to -21 cm, scroll
down to find Energy Analysis, uncheck Occupiable, set their Condition Type to
Unconditioned.
Note: When Revit calculates Heating and Cooling Loads it won’t count those Unconditioned
spaces.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 127
26 Type VG, find and expand Spaces, turn on Interior and Reference under Spaces, press
OK.
Now in plenum floor plan we can see 6 spaces (3 restroom shafts, Elec/Mech Room and 2
stairwells) which have Upper Limit higher then grid ceiling.
Note: When turning on Spaces Reference, we can see the crossing lines of the spaces.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 129
29 This time we don’t use Place Spaces Automatically, rather we directly place the space as
shown below. When finished, click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
130 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
30 Use the above methods, according to the figure below, finish second floor’s spaces.
Notice: When creating second floor spaces we don’t need to do the restroom shafts, since
we already extended first floor restroom shaft spaces to the bottom of the roof. If
we have Revit Place Spaces Automatically, then we will get 3 overlapped shaft
spaces. If that is the case, we have to delete second floor restroom shaft spaces.
Don't forget to set second floor Elec/Mech room Upper Limit to the bottom of roof. Set
second floor HVAC shaft Base Offset to -20 cm, Upper Limit to the bottom of roof also,
uncheck Occupiable, set Condition Type to Unconditioned.
31 Like first floor plenum, finish second floor plenum’s space. On Properties palette, set
Upper Limit to Roof, set Limit Offset to -20 cm, scroll down, enter Plenum for Name, on
Energy Analysis category, put a check mark next to Plenum.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 131
4 Type VG, click Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Levels.
5 Click Model Categories tab, find and expand Spaces, turn on Interior and Reference,
press OK.
6 On Properties palette, find and uncheck Crop Region Visible. Now the Crop Region box
disappeared.
7 As the following figures, move around mouse cursor to highlight each space, or pick
spaces.
(Stairwell space)
2 - 2 Create Spaces 133
(Shaft spaces)
(Plenum spaces)
Now Section 1 view moved to Sections (building Section) under HVAC Sub-Discipline and ???
is gone.
134 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
4 In Space Type Settings dialog box, find and select Office - Open Plan, press OK.
2 - 2 Create Spaces 135
7 In Space Type Settings dialog box, find and select Conference Meeting/Multipurpose,
press OK.
The table below shows different interior heat gains of a few different space types.
Space Type Area per Person Lighting Load Density Power Load Density
Office - Open Plan 20.000 m² 11.84 W/m² 16.15 W/m²
Conference Meeting 2.000 m² 13.99 W/m² 10.76 W/m²
/Multipurpose
Lounge/Recreation 4.000 m² 13.02 W/m² 5.81 W/m²
Restrooms 10.000 m² 9.69 W/m² 3.23 W/m²
136 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
Use the same method and according to the table below to finish all space’s Energy Analysis
Space Type of first floor and second floor.
2 - 3 Create Zones
When analyzing the energy consumption of a building, we can group spaces into different
zones to differentiate their HVAC systems or HVAC requirements, then specify Service Type,
Heating/Cooling/Outdoor Air information for those zones, thus we don’t have to specify
these information for every space.
2 - 3 Create Zones 137
2 Type VG, find and expand HVAC Zones, turn on Interior Fill and Reference Lines. Click
Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Sections, press OK.
Now Revit displays the Edit Zone ribbon and has the Add Space button turned on.
4 On Properties palette, enter 1 - Office - South for Name, then continuously pick 5 office
and one guest room spaces on the south side of the building.
138 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
6 Use the same method, select Zone on Analyze ribbon again, pick 3 office, a lounge and a
conference spaces on the north side of the building to create a zone named 1 - Office -
North.
7 Select Zone on Analyze ribbon again, pick Open Office 112 space on the west side of the
building to create a zone named 1 - Open Office - West with only one space.
2 - 3 Create Zones 139
8 According to the table and figure below, complete the rest zones of first floor except
two stairwells spaces.
Zones Spaces
1 - Office - South Office 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, Guest Room 103
1 - Office - North Office 107, 108, 109, Lounge 110, Conference 111
1 - Open Office - West Open Office 112
1 - Open Office - East Open Office 113
1 - Conference Conference 114
1 - Restroom Men’s Room 115, Ladies Room 116
1 - Elec/Mech Elec/Mech 117
1 - Entrance - North Rear Entrance 118
1 - Corridor Corridor 119
1 - Entrance - South Front Entrance 120
1 - Shaft Shaft 123, 124, 125
1 - Plenum Plenum 126
140 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
9 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Plenum under Floor Plans to open that view.
10 Type VG, find and expand HVAC Zones, turn on Interior Fill and Reference Lines, click
Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Sections, press OK.
2 - 3 Create Zones 141
11 Click the Analyze tab, select Zone, pick Plenum 126 space to create a zone named 1 -
Plenum with only one space.
12 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Space under Floor Plans to open that view.
13 Type VG, find and expand HVAC Zones, turn on Interior Fill and Reference Lines, click
Annotation Categories tab, find and turn off Sections, press OK.
14 According to the table and figure below, complete all the zones of second floor except
two stairwells spaces.
Zones Spaces
2 - Office - South Office 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, Conference 204
2 - Office - North Office 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, Janitor 220
2 - Open Office - West Open Office 214
2 - Open Office - East Open Office 215
2 - Conference Conference 216
2 - Restroom Men’s Room 115, Ladies Room 116
2 - Elec/Mech Elec/Mech 219
2 - Corridor Corridor 221, 222
2 - Shaft Shaft 225
2 - Plenum Plenum 226
Stairwell - South Stairwell 121, 223
Stairwell - North Stairwell 122, 224
142 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
16 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Space under Floor Plans to open that view.
17 Type WT (Window Tile) to tile 1 - Space and 2 - Space views side by side.
2 - 3 Create Zones 143
18 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area for both views.
Rename Views
Since we added zones in those two Space views under Floor Plans, we rename them to
Space and Zone.
27 In Project Browser, select 1 - Space view, right click the mouse button; rename it to 1 -
Space and Zone.
28 In Project Browser, select 2 - Space view, right click the mouse button; rename it to 2 -
Space and Zone.
4 On Properties palette, click Edit Type button. In Type Properties dialog box, put a check
mark on Show Title parameter, press OK.
6 In Choose Space Type and Color Scheme dialog box, select HVAC Zones and Scheme 1,
press OK.
148 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
7 Select the color fill legend we just placed, on Modify | Color Fill Legends ribbon, select
Edit Scheme.
8 In Edit Color Scheme dialog box, enter Level 1 HVAC Zones for Scheme Definition Title,
press OK.
2 - 4 Zone Color Fill Legend 149
9 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Space and Zone under Floor Plans to open Floor Plan:
2 - Space and Zone view.
10 Same situation, use VG to turn off HVAC Zones Reference Lines.
11 Click the Analyze tab, select Color Fill Legend. Like first floor, place a color fill legend at
the upper right of the building.
12 In Choose Space Type and Color Scheme dialog box, select HVAC Zones and Scheme 1,
press OK.
13 Select the color fill legend we just placed, on Modify | Color Fill Legends ribbon, select
Edit Scheme.
150 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
14 In Edit Color Scheme dialog box, select Scheme 1 on the left, then click the Duplicate
button below.
Attention! Now the Schema 2 displayed on the left is the current color scheme.
Now the colors of these two zones became grey and orange respectively.
We can set different color combinations of the legends of our own likes, but it’s better to
duplicate the schema to a new one, then make changes on the new one, so we can keep
the original one just in case we still need it.
2 - 5 Energy Analysis
Open the exercise file: \Mechanical\05 Energy Analysis.rvt
2 In Project Information dialog box, click the Edit… button next to Energy Settings.
3 In Energy Settings dialog box, verify that Ground Plane is Level 1, Project Phase is New
Construction, then press the Edit… button next to Other Options.
Note: We can also click the Analyze tab and find Energy Settings tool at the very end of the
ribbon.
2 - 5 Energy Analysis 153
4 In Advanced Energy Settings dialog box, verify that Building Type is Office; HVAC System
is Central VAV, HW Heat, Chiller 5.96 COP, Boilers 84.5 eff.
5 Click <Building> next to Schematic Types, when Revit showing a little square button at
its right, click it.
6 In Schematic Types dialog box, click All button to turn on all overrides.
2 In New Schedule dialog box, select Spaces for Category, enter Heating and Cooling Loads
for Name, press OK.
3 In Schedule Properties dialog box, select Name, Number, Calculated Cooling Load,
Calculated Heating Load from Available fields, click Add parameter(s) button to add
them to Schedule fields. Move Number to the very top.
2 - 5 Energy Analysis 155
Now Revit created a schedule based on the fields (parameters) we selected and the sorting
method we set. In this schedule we see that all the values for Calculated Cooling Load and
Calculated Heating Load are Not Computed, this is because we haven’t asked Revit to
calculate these loads.
2 In Heating and Cooling Loads dialog box, click Boston, MA next to Location parameter,
when Revit showing a little square button at its right, click it.
3 In Location Weather and Site dialog box, we can use Internet Mapping Service to search
and spot, or use Default City List to set project’s location. Here we don’t make any
change, just press OK to use the default location.
2 - 5 Energy Analysis 157
4 Back to Heating and Cooling Loads dialog box, click Details tab.
5 Select 1 - Office - South zone, then press Highlight button.
6 Press the … buttons of Heating Information and Cooling information on previous figure
respectively.
8 Expand the 1 - Office - South zone and select 106 Office space.
Here we can set Space Type, Construction Type, People Occupancy and Electrical Loads for
individual space.
Surface Analysis
Next we will spread out all the surfaces that relate to the calculations of heating and cooling
loads of that space.
9 Press Analytical Surfaces radio button.
2 - 5 Energy Analysis 159
10 Press the Highlight button at upper right to clear Highlight. Then press the Isolate button.
Calculate Loads
17 Press the Calculate button at the bottom. Momentarily, Revit generates a Heating and
Cooling Loads Reports for us.
2 - 6 Place Air Terminals 163
Attention: This Heating and Cooling Loads Reports is very thorough, use the scroll bar
scrolling down to browse more details, such as the calculation for each zone and
for each space. It lists all the load calculation related modeling information.
18 In Project Browser, double click Heating and Cooling Loads under Schedule/Quantities
to open that schedule.
Now the schedule displays the values of Calculated Cooling Load and Calculated Heating
Load. Since we set shaft and plenum spaces to Unconditioned earlier, thus their loads
remain Not Computed.
1 In Project Browser, select Heating and Cooling Loads schedule, right click mouse button,
on Context Menu, select Duplicate View -> Duplicate.
2 Rename the duplicated schedule to Cooling Supply Airflow.
7 In Calculated Value dialog box, enter Airflow Delta for Name, for Discipline select HVAC,
for Type select Factor, the Formula enter (Actual Supply Airflow-Calculated Supply
Airflow)/Calculated Supply Airflow, press OK.
10 In Conditional Formatting dialog box, select Not Between for Test, enter 0 % and 5 % for
Value, set Background Color to red.
Note: Less than 0 % means not enough cooling; more than 5 % means too cold that wastes
energy.
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11 Press OK twice to finish the settings and create a Cooling Supply Airflow schedule.
In this schedule we can see that all the values for Actual Supply Airflow are 0 L/s, and the
percentages of Airflow Delta are -100% with red background. This is because we haven’t
placed any supply diffuser in these spaces.
Add Diffusers
4 Type WT (Window Tile) to tile 1 - Ceiling Mech view and Cooling Supply Airflow schedule
side by side.
5 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
Supply Diffusers
6 Click the Systems tab, then select Air Terminal.
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7 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Supply Diffuser
family 600 x 600 Face 300 x 300 Connection type diffuser.
8 On Properties palette, set Constrain Level to Ceiling 1.
9 Place the first supply diffuser on the ceiling grid of 101 Office as shown below. Click the
leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
Note: Since 1 - Ceiling Mech view does not have space tags, we cannot tell the number and
name of a space, but when we move mouse cursor touching the invisible reference
line of a space, the pop-up tooltip and Status Bar will display its name and number.
Now in the schedule we see that the Calculated Supply Airflow of 101 Office is 77.0 L/s
(Liter per second), the Actual Supply Airflow is 235.0 L/s, and the Airflow Delta is 205.20%.
Because the Airflow Delta exceeds 5%, therefore it still has red background.
Note: 235 L/s is the default air flow of this supply diffuser.
2 - 6 Place Air Terminals 169
Now the red background color of Airflow Delta disappeared, since the supply airflow of 101
Office has satisfied our design requirement.
11 Next, place two supply diffusers on the ceiling grid of 102 Office as shown.
Now we see the Actual Supply Airflow of 102 Office is 470.0 L/s.
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12 Select both diffusers in 102 Office, on Properties palette, change their Flow to 55 L/s.
14 Select that diffuser, on Properties palette, change its Flow to 45 L/s, uncheck RightArrow
and LeftArrow.
Now we see the diffuser in 103 Guest Room only displays the up and down arrows. The
airflow of this room has also met our design requirement.
Return Diffusers
15 Select Air Terminal on Systems ribbon again.
16 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Return Diffuser
family 600 x 600 Face 300 x 300 Connection type diffuser.
17 On Properties palette, set Constrain Level to Ceiling 1.
18 Place one return diffuser in each of 101 Office, 102 Office and 103 Guest Room as
shown. Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
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19 Select all these three return diffusers, on Properties palette, uncheck all four direction
arrows.
Note: Since the air system uses the plenum space above grid ceiling to collect return air and
uses second floor shaft to convey air back to roof AC unit, therefore we don’t worry
about the air flow of return diffusers.
Exhaust Grilles
20 Select Air Terminal on Systems ribbon again.
21 On Modify | Place Air Terminal ribbon select Load Family.
Note: We don’t install ceiling return diffuser in restroom, rather we use shafts and roof
exhaust fans to exhaust restroom odors to outside.
Note: For Elec/ Mech room, stairwells and shafts we don’t install diffusers. Elec/ Mech
room and north stairwell could use transfer grilles and ducts to provide some
ventilation. But if in warmer areas we need provide cooling air for them.
2 As the following figure, pick a supply diffuser as you like, right click mouse button.
3 On Context Menu, select Select All Instances -> Visible in View.
Now on Properties palette, we see that there are 56 supply diffusers selected.
5 In Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, verify Only selected objects in current view radio
button is on, on Category list, select Air Terminal Tags, verify that Leader is unchecked ,
verify Tag Orientation is Horizontal, then click OK.
Now all the supply diffusers are tagged, we can see the L/s and the Mark number for each
supply diffuser.
6 As the following figure, pick a diffuser tag as you like, right click mouse button, on
Context Menu select Edit Family.
2 - 6 Place Air Terminals 177
7 In Family Editor screen, select the 1i text and the horizontal line between the two texts,
then on Properties palette, uncheck Visible.
8 On ribbon, click Load into Project and Close.
9 When Revit asks if you want to save changes to M_Diffuser Tag.rfa? Press No.
10 In Family Already Exists dialog box, press Overwrite the existing version.
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2 Type VG, find Mechanical Equipment; click the Override… button of Projection/Surface
Patterns.
3 In Fill Pattern Graphics dialog box, set Pattern to Solid fill, set Color to Cyan, press OK.
6 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_VAV Unit - Parallel
Fan Powered family Size 3 - 200mm Inlet type VAV box.
7 On Properties palette, set Constrain Offset to 310 cm.
8 Move the VAV box to the upper right of 101 Office, press Space Bar to rotate it to the
orientation shown, then place it. Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
10 Click the Manage tab; then click MEP Settings button to drop down its list; then select
Mechanical Settings.
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In order to emphasize the selected objects, we set object Selection and Pre-selection colors
to Red.
14 Click the File Tab, select Options at bottom right.
15 In Options dialog box, click Graphics on the left, set both Selection and Pre-selection
colors to Red, press OK.
Note: User can set objects Selection and Pre-selection colors for his/her needs to facilitate
editing the drawings.
18 When Revit displays Create Duct System dialog box, press OK.
22 On the Options Bar under Generate Layout ribbon, set Solution Type to Network, then
click Settings… button on the right.
2 - 7 Create Secondary Supply Air Systems 185
23 In Duct Conversion Settings dialog box, verify that Duct Type is Rectangular Duct: Radius
Elbows / Tees; set Offset to 310 cm.
24 Click Branch on the left, verify that Duct Type is Rectangular Duct: Radius Elbows / Tees,
set Offset to 310 cm, set Flex Duct Type to Flex Duct Round : Flex - Round, keep
Maximum Flex Duct Length to 180 cm, press OK.
25 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit shows the layout solution
as same as the solution shown on the left figure, click Finish Layout.
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Attention! The bottom of VAV Box is 288.25 cm which allows it to sit on top of the 265.2 cm
interior wall.
43 Drag the flex duct from the bottom of the VAV box to the center of diffuser of its lower
right; then click the mouse button.
44 Select Mechanical Equipment on Systems ribbon; place the same VAV box in Front
Entrance as shown.
2 - 7 Create Secondary Supply Air Systems 189
53 On the Options Bar, click the arrow button repeatedly, when Revit shows the layout
solution as same as the solution shown on the left figure below, click Finish Layout.
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54 Select Mechanical Equipment on Systems ribbon; place the same but rotate 90 degree
VAV box at the lower right of Open Office.
55 Use the same method to create a system and generate layout solution of connecting 4
supply diffusers to VAV box as shown, but Not To click Finish Layout.
57 Select the vertical branch duct as shown on the left figure, drag it right to the location as
shown on the middle figure, then click Finish Layout.
60 Use the same method to create a system and generate layout solution of connecting 2
supply diffusers to VAV box as shown, but Not To click Finish Layout.
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63 When the right horizontal branch duct is not interfering with the return diffuser, click
Finish Layout.
65 Use VG to turn off Levels in Annotation Categories and c Office Building.rvt in Revit Links.
72 In Duct Sizing dialog box, set Sizing Method to Friction 0.4 Pa/m, for Constraints, set
Branch Sizing to Calculated Size Only, set Restrict Height to 280 mm, press OK.
Now we see all the ducts and fittings shrank a little bit.
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73 As the following figure, use the same method and duct sizing settings to size the ducts
on the south side of the building.
Use the methods showing above, according to the drawings below, place the rest VAV
boxes, create systems and connect diffusers, and size the ducts for the first floor secondary
supply air systems.
2 - 7 Create Secondary Supply Air Systems 197
2 In Filters dialog box, press the New button at the bottom left to create a Round Duct
filter, for Categories, select Ducts, for Filter Rules, set Family Name equals Round Duct.
2 - 8 Create Primary Supply Air Systems 199
3 Press OK back to Visibility/Graphic Overrides Filters dialog, then press the Add button.
4 In Add Filters dialog box, select Round Duct, press OK.
5 Click the Override… button of Projection/Surface Lines, in Line Graphics dialog box, set
Color to RGB 000-222-000, press OK.
11 Select Duct on Systems ribbon, from the right side of horizontal duct draw duct down
then left as shown.
2 - 8 Create Primary Supply Air Systems 201
12 Same situation, on right side of building, draw a horizontal duct and an L shape ducts
taps to it.
3 In Select Connector dialog box, select Connector 0 : Supply Air : Round 200 mm : Row
direction In, press OK.
4 Then select the horizontal duct outside the office to connect them together.
13 In front entrance, select the upper connector the VAV box, right click mouse button; on
Context Menu select Draw Duct.
14 Draw duct up then right to connect to the vertical main duct on the right.
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Use the methods above, according to the drawing below, finish connecting the rest VAV
boxes to the adjacent main ducts.
Check Connectivities
17 Move mouse cursor on top of a primary duct on each side, press Tab key a few times to
examine the connections of VAV boxes and primary ducts.
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18 Click the button on Quick Toolbar to view the primary ducts in 3D.
3 As shown below, by following the direction of air flow, pick the points at about 40 cm
after the VAV boxes tapping the main duct to split the main ducts into many pieces.
When we split the main ducts Revit actually inserted a 6 mm short round union between
the split ducts. Then when we re-size the primary ducts Revit will alter the ducts at these
split points and replace these unions with round transitions.
6 In Duct Sizing dialog box, set Sizing Method to Velocity 5.1 m/s, for Constraints, set
Branch Sizing to Calculated Size Only, uncheck Restrict Height, press OK.
Now we can see the left side main ducts have been split into many segments with different
sizes, they shrank gradually while toward the ends.
2 - 9 Size Primary Supply Air Ducts 209
7 Same situation; select the primary ducts on right side, use Velocity Method to re-size them.
Modify Splits
1 Select the left side 2 split vertical ducts as shown. On Properties palette we can see their
Diameters are the same: 175.0 mm.
2 Select the right side 2 split vertical ducts as shown. On Properties palette we can see
their Diameters are the same: 200.0 mm.
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3 Select the lower side 4 split horizontal ducts as shown. On Properties palette we can see
their Diameters are the same: 140.0mm.
4 Click the Manage tab; then click MEP Settings button to drop down its list; then select
Mechanical Settings.
When Revit sizes the ducts, it rounds up duct sizes only to those sizes defined in Mechanical
Settings. This is why some split ducts have the same sizes.
6 Select and delete the union fittings between the split ducts that have same sizes (those
the black arrows pointed in previous two drawings).
8 Zoom in the right side to take a look of the split primary ducts with different sizes.
From the Heating and Cooling Loads Calculation in section 5, the Peak Cooling Total Load of
this building is 113,931 Watt, divide by 2 (stories), we get 56,965.5 Watt, therefore we
choose 63 kW AC Unit.
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6 Press space bar to adjust the orientation of this AC unit and put it near to second floor
shaft.
Attention! Since these two shafts have openings at roof, we have to put exhaust fans aside
first, then move them to the centers of the shafts.
4 Drag the section far clipping control arrow to the location as shown.
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5 On Properties palette, set section’s Sub-Discipline to HVAC. (Now we can see Section 2
in Project Browser)
6 Double click the section symbol to open this section.
9 Drag the upper and lower Crop Region control circles to expand the view.
10 On Properties palette, uncheck Crop Region Visible.
11 Select the left connector (Out) at the bottom of the AC unit, right click mouse button; on
Context Menu select Draw Duct.
12 In Family/Type Selector select Rectangular Duct family Mitered Elbows / Tees type duct.
13 On Status Bar, set Width to 508 mm, set Height to 900 mm.
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14 Draw duct down to first floor plenum aligning to the center of round duct (as shown on
the left figure), then turn left pass through that round duct (as shown on the right
figure). When finished, click the leftmost Modify button on the ribbon.
3 Select the right side of the rectangular duct, then select the round duct on its right, Voila!
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4 Select the left side of the rectangular duct, then select the round duct on its left, Voila!
Now we used these 35 return diffusers created a Mechanical Return Air 1 system.
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5 On Modify | Duct Systems ribbon click Select Equipment. Then select the roof AC unit.
6 Click the leftmost Modify button on the ribbon.
Notice: The color of roof AC unit changed from blue to black, because now it is an
equipment that belongs to two systems, a supply system and a return system.
10 Click the button on Quick Toolbar and zoom in to see the return duct just drew.
Attention! Now the color of exhaust fan and grille all became green which is the color for
exhaust air system.
7 Same situation, use the exhaust grille in Men’s Room and the roof exhaust fan right
above it to create a Mechanical Exhaust Air 2 system.
Now we can clearly tell 3 air systems in our model: Supply is blue, Return is magenta,
Exhaust is green.
2 - 10 Add AC Unit and Exhaust Fans 227
11 On View Control Bar, set Visual Style to Shaded to take a look of 3D shaded effect.
5 Add roof AC unit and connect primary ducts to it, create second floor return air system,
add second floor restroom exhaust grilles to first floor exhaust systems.
Please refer to the sections 6 to 10 and base on the drawing below to finish the second
floor air systems.
Be aware! When creating second floor air systems, there are a lot of settings need to repeat.
230 Chapter 2 Mechanical Air Systems
Now we have gone through the mechanical air system modeling of an entire office building.
Readers can open the exercise file: \Mechanical\12 Mechanical Air System Finished.rvt to
take a look of the final modeling result.
231
4 In Filters dialog box, press the New button at lower left to create a VAV Box filter, for
Categories select Mechanical Equipment, for Filter Rules set Family Name equals
M_VAV Unit - Parallel Fan Powered.
5 Press the New button again to create a Rooftop AC Unit filter, for Categories select
Mechanical Equipment, for Filter Rules set Family Name equals M_Rooftop AC Unit - 53-
88 kW - Bottom Return Connection.
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6 Press the New button again to create a Rooftop Exhaust Fan filter, for Categories select
Mechanical Equipment, for Filter Rules set Family Name equals M_Centrifugal Fan -
Rooftop - Upblast.
7 Press OK back to Visibility/Graphic Overrides Filters dialog, click Add button to add VAV
Box to filter list and turn it off.
8 Click Model Categories tab, turn off Air Terminals, Duct Fittings, Ducts, Flex Ducts, HVAC
Zones and Spaces.
3 - 1 Prepare Hydronic Piping Modeling 235
9 Click Annotation Categories tab, turn off Section too, then press OK.
10 Type WT (Window Tile) to tile 1 - Hydronic Piping and {3D} views side by side.
11 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
Now we can see in 1 - Hydronic Piping view all the Mechanical Air System components have
been turned off.
12 Use the same method, duplicate 2 - Mech view to a 2 - Hydronic Piping view, do the
same VG settings as 1 - Hydronic Piping view. (as from step 7 to 9)
Note: The VG component’s on/off such as VAV box, Air Terminals, need to be done on each
view, but the filter’s name (like VAV Box) and rules are only set once.
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15 Click Model Categories tab, also turn off Air Terminal, Duct Fittings, Ducts and Flex Ducts.
16 On View Control Bar, set Visual Style to Hidden Line.
17 Type WT and Type ZA.
Now we can see in 3D Hydronic Piping and 2 - Hydronic Piping views all the Mechanical Air
System components are turned off.
Since the M_Radiator - Hydronic Fin Tube family came with Mechanical template can not
place on (attach to) the walls of a linked architectural model. We can only go to the
architectural model to attach this radiator. Therefore we need to load another radiator
family.
2 Click Insert tab, then select Load Family.
Unfortunately, the System Classifications of both connectors of this radiator were set to
Hydronic Supply. We need to change one of them to Hydronic Return in order to make it
work. (Note: Author has found this is a mistake of Metric version of this family, the Imperial
version of this family, its right connector is classified as Hydronic Return system)
238 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
5 In Family Editor screen, select the right connector of the radiator, then on Properties
palette, change its System Classification from Hydronic Supply to Hydronic Return. On
ribbon, click Load into Project and Close.
6 When Revit asks if you want to save changes to M_Radiator - Hosted.rfa? Press No.
3 - 2 Place Radiators and Boilers 239
7 In Family Already Exists dialog box, press Overwrite the existing version.
Place Radiators
1 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Hydronic Piping under Floor Plans to open Floor Plan:
1 - Hydronic Piping view.
2 Click the Systems tab; then select Mechanical Equipment.
3 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Radiator - Hosted
family 25 type radiator.
4 On Properties palette, enter 142 cm for Length, set Flow to 0.25 L/s.
5 Place this radiator in 101 Office as shown.
Tip: When placing the radiator, it’s better to place it away from the window a little (which
would be easier), then use the Align tool to align it with that window.
240 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
6 Click the Modify tab; use Align tool to align the center of the radiator to the center of
the left window.
7 Select the properly placed radiator, click Array tool on the ribbon, on Options Bar
uncheck Group and Associate checkbox, enter 6 for Number, then pick a start point on
screen, drag the second point to the right, enter 240 cm to array 6 radiators.
8 Use the same method; place a vertical radiator on the west wall outside 101 Office.
3 - 2 Place Radiators and Boilers 241
9 Use the Array tool to array 6 radiators up with 240 cm intervals as shown.
According to the following figure finish placing all the radiators of first floor. Note: the
window at rear entrance is a smaller one, when placing set its length to 91.5 cm.
Attention! It is not recommended to use Mirror tool when placing radiators, because it will
flip their In and Out connectors and cause the changing of their flow directions.
242 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
Place Boilers
1 Click the Systems tab; select Mechanical Equipment.
2 In Family/Type Selector, find and select M_Boiler family Standard type boiler.
3 Place two boilers in Elec/Mech Room on the north side of the building, then dimension
them similar to the figure shown below.
4 Select the placed boilers, use modify dimension method to position them to the
relations shown below.
6 In Project Browser, double click 3D Hydronic Piping under 3D Views to open the view
that only displays the hydronic systems.
4 In Filters dialog box, press the New button at bottom left to create a Hydronic Supply
filter, for Categories, select Pipe Fittings and Pipes, for Filter Rules, set System Type
equals Hydronic Supply.
3 - 3 Create First Floor Pipe Runs 245
5 Press the New button again to create a Hydronic Return filter, for Categories, select Pipe
Fittings and Pipes, for Filter Rules, set System Type equals Hydronic Return.
6 Press OK back to Visibility/Graphic Overrides Filters dialog, then press the Add button.
7 In Add Filters dialog box, select Hydronic Return and Hydronic Supply, press OK.
Now we see Hydronic Return and Hydronic Supply are on the filter’s Name list.
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8 Select Hydronic Supply, click the Override… button of Projection/Surface Lines, in Line
Graphics dialog box, set Color to RGB 255-000-128, press OK.
9 Select Hydronic Return, click the Override… button of Projection/Surface Lines, in Line
Graphics dialog box, set Color to RGB 128-000-255, press OK.
3 When Revit displays Create Piping System dialog box, press OK.
6 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish creating the supply system.
4 On the Options Bar under Generate Layout ribbon, set Solution Type to Perimeter, then
click Settings… button.
3 - 3 Create First Floor Pipe Runs 249
5 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Offset to -50 cm, click Branch on the left, set
Offset to -50 cm as well, then press OK.
The Inset value is the horizontal offset distance from the perimeter equipment (radiators)
that insetting to the perimeter piping, set it to 0 cm means there is no offset.
7 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit shows the layout solution
that all perimeter pipes run through the radiators as same as the solution shown on the
figure below, click Finish Layout.
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8 When Revit displays a warning dialog box on the bottom right, close it.
The warning message means the pipe runs did not connect to the boiler properly. That’s all
right; we will fix that later.
The pipe run we see is a single line piping drawing.
9 On View Control Bar, set Detail Level to Fine. Then the single line drawing became
double line drawing.
10 Click the Thin Line button on Quick Toolbar so double line piping can be seen more
clearly.
3 - 3 Create First Floor Pipe Runs 251
4 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Offset to -35 cm, click Branch on the left, set
Offset to -35 cm as well, then press OK.
4 Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon to finish creating the supply system.
Attention! When creating systems for the right side we only include radiators, we don’t
include boiler. Later, when we generate the pipe run and connect them to the
left side, they will be merged to the left side systems that contain boiler.
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6 On Options Bar, set Offset to 290 cm, set Diameter to 80 mm, then click Solutions.
4 On Options Bar, set Offset to 305 cm, set Diameter to 80 mm, then click Solutions.
5 On Options Bar, set Solution Type to Perimeter, set Inset to 22.5 cm.
3 - 3 Create First Floor Pipe Runs 257
6 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit shows the layout solution
that all perimeter pipes are 22.5 cm off from the radiators as same as the solution
shown on the figure below, click Finish Layout.
7 When Revit displays the following warning message, just close it.
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Note: If we don’t satisfy the system and pipe runs that we created and want to redo them,
first we need to delete all the pipe runs; then we (press F9 to) open the System
Browser to find and delete that system.
When connecting the right side pipe runs to the boiler, in order to see the locations of
lighting fixtures and diffusers, we need to raise the height of view Cut plane and set Visual
Style to Wireframe.
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3 On Properties palette, click View Range's Edit… button. In View Range dialog box change
Cut plane Offset from 120 cm to 300 cm.
Now we can see the reference lines of lighting fixtures (in orange) and diffusers (in green).
Note: Since many horizontal piping (and ducts) are hung at different heights, therefore we
always want to adjust the view ranges to examine the piping that we are working on.
5 Follow the following 3 figures, first, click the end point of supply pipe on the right side,
right click mouse button, on Context Menu select Draw Pipe, then draw pipes bypassing
stair steps, lighting fixtures and second boiler’s outlet to the point near to the outlet of
first boiler.
3 - 4 Connect First Floor Piping to Boiler 261
Attention! When making the last turn to go up, make sure to snap and line up with the first
boiler outlet.
6 Same situations, click the end point of return pipe on the right side, right click mouse
button, on Context Menu select Draw Pipe, then draw pipes bypassing stair steps,
lighting fixtures and second boiler’s outlet to the point as shown.
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7 Dimension the distances between pipes and wall faces and between them like the figure
shown below.
8 Select dimensioned pipes, use modify dimension method to move them to the relations
as shown.
11 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
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15 Select the highlighted return pipe shown on the left figure, then Revit connected them
together.
3 - 4 Connect First Floor Piping to Boiler 265
16 Select highlighted elbow as shown. On Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon select Connect Into.
17 Select the highlighted supply pipe shown on the left figure, then Revit connected them
together.
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18 Adjust view to display the back side of the boilers, delete the highlighted supply pipe.
19 Select the remaining elbow; click the rotate icon on its side to turn it upward.
3 - 4 Connect First Floor Piping to Boiler 267
20 Select the elbow on the back of the boiler, click the + above to change it to T.
21 As shown below, select highlighted elbow of supply pipe, on Modify | Pipe Fittings
ribbon select Connect Into, then select the highlighted supply pipe above the boiler to
have Revit connect them together.
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22 As shown below, select highlighted T of return pipe, on Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon
select Connect Into, then select the highlighted return pipe above to have Revit connect
them together.
23 Select the boiler for first floor heating, on Modify | Mechanical Equipment ribbon select
Connect Into, then select the supply pipe above, thus Revit T-in to the supply pipe right
on the top of the boiler’s outlet.
3 - 4 Connect First Floor Piping to Boiler 269
25 Type ZA (Zoom All) to see the entire connections of first floor hydronic piping.
26 Move cursor to any pipe, press Tab key a few times to check the connection of the
systems.
Note: The exercise file already finished laying out all the radiators on second floor.
1 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Hydronic Piping under Floor Plans to open that view.
3 - 5 Create Second Floor Pipe Runs 271
Now we can see the first floor boilers and some pipe runs of first floor Hydronic piping.
Note: The VG filter overrides such as color, style, need to be done on each view that uses
them, but the filter’s name and rules are only set once.
Attention! When we connected first floor right side supply and return piping to the boiler,
the Hydronic Supply 2 and Hydronic Return 2 systems were merged into
Hydronic Supply 1 and Hydronic Return 1 systems, therefore the systems we
created here are still Hydronic Supply 2 and Hydronic Return 2.
10 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 80 mm, then click Solutions.
11 On Options Bar, set Solution Type to Perimeter, then click Settings… button.
12 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Offset to -50 cm, click Branch on the left, set
Offset to -50 cm as well, then press OK.
18 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 80 mm, then click Solutions.
19 On Options Bar, set Solution Type to Perimeter, then click Settings… button.
3 - 5 Create Second Floor Pipe Runs 275
20 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Offset to -35 cm, click Branch on the left, set
Offset to -35 cm as well, then press OK.
26 When Revit displays the following warning message, just close it.
27 In Project Browser, double click 3D Hydronic Piping to view both floor pipe runs in 3D.
278 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
When connecting second floor pipe runs to boiler, in order to see first floor Elec/Mech
room and the locations of lighting fixtures and diffusers, we need to lower the height of
view Cut plane and set Visual Style to Wireframe.
3 On Properties palette, click View Range's Edit… button. In View Range dialog box change
Cut plane Offset from 120 cm to -25 cm.
3 - 6 Connect Second Floor Piping to Boiler 279
Now we can see first floor Elec/Mech room and the reference lines of lighting fixtures and
diffusers.
5 Use window select method to delete these four vertical pipes and four elbows as shown.
8 Follow the following 4 figures, first, click the end point of supply pipe on the left side,
right click mouse button, on Context Menu select Draw Pipe, then draw pipes bypassing
diffuser, lighting fixtures, and stair steps to connect to the supply pipe on the right side.
Attention! When pipe turning to the boiler, make sure to snap to the outlet of the second
boiler.
3 - 6 Connect Second Floor Piping to Boiler 281
Attention! When making the last turn to go up, be sure to snap to the supply pipe above.
9 Follow the following 3 figures, click the end point of return pipe on the left side, right
click mouse button, on Context Menu select Draw Pipe, then draw pipes bypassing
diffuser, lighting fixtures, and stair steps to connect to the return pipe on the right side.
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Attention! When making the last turn to go up, be sure to snap to the return pipe above.
The reason that we run pipe like this is to leave the lower left corner space for water heater
and its piping above.
3 - 6 Connect Second Floor Piping to Boiler 283
11 Move cursor to any pipe of first floor, press Tab key a few times, when seeing all
radiators, piping and boiler are highlighted, press down mouse button to select them.
284 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
12 On View Control Bar, click Temporary Hide/Isolate button, select Hide Element on the
list.
Now the selected first floor hydronic piping systems were hidden. We also see the window
has a cyan border which means this view is in Temporary Hide/Isolate mode.
13 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, FRONT and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
3 - 6 Connect Second Floor Piping to Boiler 285
15 Select the boiler for second floor heating, on Modify | Mechanical Equipment ribbon
select Connect Into.
16 In Select Connector dialog box, select Connector 0 : Hydronic Supply : Round : 80 mm :
Row direction Out, press OK.
17 Select the supply pipe above, thus Revit T-in to the supply pipe right on the top of the
boiler’s outlet.
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18 Select the boiler again, on Modify | Mechanical Equipment ribbon select Connect Into.
Notice: This time we don’t see the Select Connector dialog box, because there is only one
connector left, that is Connector 1 : Hydronic Return : Round : 80 mm.
19 Select the return pipe above, thus Revit T-in to the return pipe from the boiler’s inlet on
its back.
Now we have finished the connections of piping and boiler of second floor.
20 On View Control Bar, click Temporary Hide/Isolate button, select Reset Temporary
Hide/Isolate on the list.
Now we can see the first floor hydronic piping systems again.
3 - 6 Connect Second Floor Piping to Boiler 287
21 Type ZA (Zoom All) to see the entire pipe connections of both floors.
22 Move cursor to any pipe of second floor, press Tab key a few times to check the system
connection of second floor.
1 Click the blue mark on the corner of RIGHT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle. Zoom in the region as shown.
Since the piping above boilers are too high to install pumps, we need to do some
adjustments.
3 - 7 Add Circulator Pumps 289
3 Select two Tees above the boilers, on Properties palette, set their Offset to 180 cm to
move them down.
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Notice: This time we don’t see the Select Connector dialog box, because there is only one
connector left, that is Connector 2 : Hydronic Supply : Round : 80 mm.
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3 In Pipe Sizing dialog box, set Sizing Method to Velocity 2.5 m/s and Friction 250 Pa/m,
for Constraints, set Branch Sizing to Calculated Size Only, uncheck Restrict Size, press OK.
Now the supply pipe coming out from the first floor boiler increased (from 80 mm to 100
mm). The branch supply pipes to the radiators also increased a little bit (from 25 mm to 32
mm).
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4 Move cursor to one return pipe of the first floor, press Tab key a few times, when seeing
all return pipes are highlighted, press down mouse button to select them.
Now the first floor return pipes from the radiators also increased a little bit (from 25 mm to
32 mm).
3 - 7 Add Circulator Pumps 295
7 Select supply and return pipes of second floor, use the same method to calculate their
sizes.
296 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
After sizing, next figure labeled the diameters of supply pipes connecting to the boilers.
Please notice there are three tees above boilers became bigger, because the pipes beneath
them have enlarged (from 80 mm to 100mm).
3 Click Manage tab, select Snaps, in Snaps dialog box, check the Snap Off box, then press
OK to turn off all snap modes.
7 In Type Properties dialog box, change Suction Nominal Diameter and Discharge Nominal
Diameter from 40.0 mm to 80.0 mm, press OK.
8 Place the first pump on the supply pipe at the location shown on the left figure. (Right
figure shows the actual location of the pump)
3 - 7 Add Circulator Pumps 299
9 Continue to place the second pump on the supply pipe at the location shown on the left
figure. (Right figure shows the actual location of the pump)
14 Place the third pump on the supply pipe at the location shown on the left figure. (Right
figure shows the actual location of the pump)
15 Continue to place the fourth pump on the supply pipe at the location shown on the left
figure. (Right figure shows the actual location of the pump)
3 - 7 Add Circulator Pumps 301
16 Select the first pump; press the up arrow key to nudge (push) it up a little bit to center it
to the pipe.
17 Same situations, nudge the other three pumps to the centers of the pipes.
Rotate Pumps
18 In Project Browser, double click the 3D Hydronic Piping view and zoom to the boilers
and pumps.
19 Select the first pump; click the rotation icon to turn it upright.
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In this view we can see both mechanical air systems and hydronic piping of our model.
Nevertheless the hydronic piping are only single lined and have no color.
2 Use VG to add Hydronic Supply and Hydronic Return two filters and set their colors as
same as the colors shown on floor plans.
3 - 8 Organize Mechanical 3D Views 305
3 On View Control Bar set Detail Level to Fine to display double lined piping.
4 In Project Browser, duplicate this {3D} view to a 3D Mech Air Systems view.
5 Type VG, click Filters tab, then click Edit/New … button. In Filters dialog, select Hydronic
filter, in Categories list, besides those already checked pipe categories add Mechanical
Equipment one more category, press OK.
306 Chapter 3 Hydronic Piping Systems
6 (back to Visibility/Graphic Overrides Filters dialog) Click Add button to add Hydronic to
the Filter list and turn it off.
Now the 3D Mech Air Systems view only displays the Mech Air System components.
Note: Although we leave the Hydronic Supply and Hydronic Return those two filters on, but
the Hydronic filter contains more categories, not only the piping but also the
equipment, thus we turned off the entire Hydronic Piping Systems in this view.
3 - 8 Organize Mechanical 3D Views 307
Now we have three 3D views for the Mechanical Systems: 3D Mech Air Systems view, 3D
Hydronic Piping view and default {3D} view that shows both systems.
The default views in Electrical template were categorized to two sub-disciplines: Lighting
and Power.
The floor plans under Lighting sub-discipline, we use them to place light switches
and create lighting circuits. We will add two more floor plans for defining required
lighting levels for each floor.
The ceiling plans under Lighting sub-discipline, we use them to place lighting
fixtures.
The floor plans under Power sub-discipline, we use them to place electrical
equipment, receptacles, and create power circuits.
Note: The view name starting with “1 -“ and “2 -“ means “first floor” and “second floor”.
2 In Project Units dialog box, click the example button of Length Format.
3 In Format dialog box, for Units select Centimeters, for Rounding select 2 decimal places,
for Unit symbol select cm, put a check mark on Suppress on trailing 0’s.
4 Click OK to complete the settings of Length format, click OK again to finish the settings
of Project Units.
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2 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and select the exercise file: \Architectural\c Office
Building.rvt
3 At the bottom of dialog box, verify Positioning: is Auto - Origen to Origen, then press
Open.
The line works of linked model is grey out with brightness of 50%.
4 - 1 Prepare Electrical System Modeling 313
4 Click Manage tab, then click Additional Settings to expand its drop down list, select
Halftone / Underlay.
5 In Halftone / Underlay dialog box change Brightness from 50% to 70%, press OK.
Now we can see the line works of linked model become darker.
6 Select the imported architectural background model, on Modify panel, click to pin
the model so it won’t be moved accidentally.
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4 Use the Level tool on Architecture ribbon to add Roof, Ceiling 1, Ceiling 2 three levels,
and create a Roof - Power floor plan.
For more detailed steps of adding new level and floor plan, please refer to the steps in
Chapter 2 section 1.
Electrical Settings
1 Click Manage tab, then click MEP Settings to expand its drop down list, select Electrical
Settings.
2 In Electrical Settings dialog box, under Wiring select Wiring Types to take a look of the
wire types that we have. (Here we can add more wire types as desired)
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5 Select Load Calculation, check (turn on) Run calculations for loads in spaces, click OK to
finish the Electrical Settings.
Important! We have to turn on this setting in order to examine the electrical loads in a
space (see section 4-7) and display the actual receptacle and lighting loads in
the Electrical Usage Reports that we create in section 4-8.
Create Spaces
1 In Project Browser, move cursor to 1 - Lighting view under Floor Plans and under
Lighting sub-discipline, right click mouse button, on Context Menu select Duplicate View
-> Duplicate.
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2 Move cursor to newly created 1 - Lighting Copy 1 view, right click mouse button, on
Context Menu select Rename… to rename it to 1 - Lighting Level.
6 On Properties palette, click Edit Type. In Type Properties dialog box, put a check mark on
Room Bounding parameter, press OK.
Important! We have to turn on the Room Bounding of linked architectural model in order to
use its room enclosures to create spaces.
We can use the same method as we did in previous mechanical systems to create spaces for
electrical systems, or, use the following method to copy identical spaces from mechanical
project into electrical project to speed up the process.
10 Carefully window select all spaces and their tags, then hold Shift key, select three
restroom shafts and their tags to exclude them.
12 On Quick Toolbar click Switch to Windows button, on drop down list select Project1.rvt -
Floor Plan 1 - Lighting Level to return to that view.
13 Click the Modify tab, then click the down arrow under Paste to drop down the list, select
Aligned to Selected Views.
4 - 1 Prepare Electrical System Modeling 321
14 In Select Views dialog box, select Floor Plan: 1 - Lighting Level, press OK.
Now we have copied all the spaces and their tags of mechanical 03 Create Zones.rvt
drawing first floor (except shaft spaces) to Project1 Floor Plan 1 - Lighting Level view.
15 Use the same method, duplicate a 2 - Lighting Level view from 2 - Lighting view, turn off
four elevation symbols, zoom models to fit drawing area, go to 2 - Space view of 03
Create Zones.rvt drawing, copy all spaces (except shaft space) and their tags to
clipboard, switch back to 2 - Lighting Level view, then paste them into it.
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16 When finished, switch to any view of 03 Create Zones.rvt drawing, then close it.
Like Mechanical modeling, we turn off all 4 elevation symbols (South, East, North, West) on
all floor plan and ceiling plan views; this can reduce the zooming operations during the
editing.
17 Open 1 - Lighting, 2 - Lighting, 1 - Ceiling Elec, 2 - Ceiling Elec, 1 - Power, 2 - Power six
views respectively, use VG to turn off their Elevations, then type ZA to zoom models to
fit their drawing area.
Save your work
When all done, click the File Tab, select Save As, then select Project, in Save As dialog box,
create an Electrical Exercise folder at a convenient location on your hard drive, enter 01
Electrical Setup Finished for File name, then click Save. Click the File Tab again then select
Close.
We could use this new parameter to enter a Required Lighting Level value in Properties
palette for each space. However, there are many spaces in this project that have same
lighting requirement. It is more efficient to create a key schedule and use it to assign
Required Lighting Level based on space's lighting type.
3 In Schedule Properties dialog box, find Required Lighting Level in Available fields, click
Add parameter(s) button to add it to Schedule fields.
4 Click Formatting tab, change Key Name’s heading to Space Lighting Type.
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5 Press OK to finish settings. Now we have a schedule with only two headings but has no
contents in it.
7 As shown on the left, in first data row enter 01 Private Office and 325 lx. Then continue
to insert new data rows, enter lighting types and required lighting levels to finish this
Space Lighting Requirements key schedule as shown on the right.
The purpose to put 01, 02, 03.… in front of lighting type names is for sorting.
3 On Properties palette, click Edit Type button. In Type Properties dialog box, put a check
mark on Show Title parameter, press OK.
5 In Choose Space Type and Color Scheme dialog box, select Spaces and Scheme 1, press
OK.
328 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
6 Select the color fill legend we just placed, on Modify | Color Fill Legends ribbon, select
Edit Scheme.
7 In Edit Color Scheme dialog box, select Scheme 1 on the left, then click the Duplicate
button below.
8 In New Color Scheme dialog box, enter Required Lighting for Name, press OK.
4 - 2 Define Required Lighting Levels 329
9 In Edit Color Scheme dialog box, for Scheme Definition, enter Required Lighting Levels
for Title, on Color drop down list, find and select Required Lighting Level parameter.
Now we see the Color Fill Legend at upper right has only Title but no legends. This is
because we haven't assigned required lighting levels for any space; therefore this Color Fill
Legend is empty. Next, we will base on the Space Lighting Type to set required lighting
levels for each space. The good thing about defining a Color Fill Legend first is that when we
330 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
assign required lighting levels for a space we can see that space is filled with color, thus we
can tell which space has assigned and which space hasn't, so there won't be any missing.
Now we can see 101 Office has filled with color, in the meantime the Color Fill Legend at
upper right displays the legend of 325 lx.
4 - 2 Define Required Lighting Levels 331
3 Select both Open Offices, on Properties palette, on the drop down list of Lighting Type,
select 02 Open Office.
Now we can see both Open Offices have filled with different color and the Color Fill
Legend at upper right displays the legend of 485 lx.
5 Select both Conference rooms as shown, on Properties palette, on the drop down list of
Lighting Type, select 03 Conference.
4 - 2 Define Required Lighting Levels 333
Now both Conference rooms have filled with another color and the Color Fill Legend at
upper right displays the legend of 375 lx.
Use the same method, refer to the figure below, finish assigning lighting level for the
remaining spaces of first floor.
Note: Some Lighting Types have the same Illuminance such as Private Office and Restroom
all have 325 lx, thus the Color Fill Legend displays only one swatch for them, also
those types of spaces filled with the same color. Besides, Guest Room is specified as
Private Office lighting type.
334 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Like first floor, according to the space’s lighting type, refer to the figure below, finish
assigning lighting level (lx) for the spaces of second floor. Note: assign Janitor’s lighting type
to Private Office.
1 Click the Analyze tab, select Schedule/Quantities. In New Schedule dialog box, select
Spaces for Category, enter Space Lighting Analysis for Name, press OK.
2 In Schedule Properties dialog box, find and add Name, Number, Required Lighting Level
and Average Estimated Illumination to Schedule fields, move Number field to the top,
then press Add calculated parameter button.
Notice! The Required Lighting Level in Available fields was the new parameter we added to
project in previous section, it wasn’t in Electrical template file.
336 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
3 In Calculated Value dialog box, enter Lighting Delta for Name, verify Formula radio
button is on, select Electrical for Discipline, select Illuminance for Type, in Formula field
enter “Average Estimated Illumination - Required Lighting Level”, press OK.
4 Click Sorting/Grouping tab, set Sort by Number, verify that Itemize every instance check
box at bottom left is checked.
5 Click Formatting tab, select Lighting Delta field on the left, then press Conditional
Format… button on the right.
4 - 3 Create Space Lighting Analysis Schedule 337
6 In Conditional Formatting dialog box, set Test to Not Between, Value -54 lx and 54 lx, set
Background Color to red.
7 Press OK twice to finish the settings and create a Space Lighting Analysis schedule.
In this schedule we can see that all the values for Average Estimated Illumination are 0 lx
and the Lighting Delta are all negative with red background. This is because we haven’t
placed any lighting fixture in these spaces; therefore no illumination has been calculated.
4 On Properties palette, click View Range’s Edit… button to set view range as follow:
4 - 4 Add Lighting Fixtures 339
Because the original view range settings will let us accidentally see the floor mount
receptacles of second floor open offices and conference rooms.
5 Click Systems tab, select Lighting Fixture.
8 Place the first lighting fixture on the ceiling grid of 101 Office as shown. Click the
leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
Now in the schedule we see that the Average Estimated Illumination of 101 Office is 183 lx,
the Lighting Delta is -142 lx.
340 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
9 Again, place the second lighting fixture on the ceiling grid of 101 Office.
Now in the schedule we can see that the Average Estimated Illumination of 101 Office
became 366 lx, the Lighting Delta changed to 41 lx, and the red background disappeared,
which means the lighting level of this space has satisfied our design requirement.
Readers can try to add one more lighting fixture in this space, then the Average Estimated
Illumination would become 549 lx, Lighting Delta would be 224 lx, and the red background
would appear again, since when we place three lighting fixtures in this space, its Lighting
Delta would exceed our acceptable range which is from -54 lx to 54 lx, too bright.
4 - 4 Add Lighting Fixtures 341
10 Select Lighting Fixture on Systems ribbon again. In Family/Type Selector, click the down
arrow to find and select M_Plain Recessed Lighting Fixture family 600x600 - 277 type
fixture.
11 On Modify | Place Fixture ribbon select Place on Face, place four 600x600 lighting
fixtures on the ceiling grid of 102 Office.
When placing each lighting fixture, please notice the variations of Average Estimated
Illumination in right schedule.
After finish placing, we can see that the Average Estimated Illumination of 102 Office
became 324 lx, the Lighting Delta changed to -1 lx, and the red background disappeared too,
which means the lighting level of this space has also satisfied our design requirement.
342 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Please use the methods above and refer to the orange reference lines shown below to
finish placing all 60cm x 120cm and 60cm x 60cm M_Plain Recessed Lighting Fixtures on 1 -
Ceiling Elec ceiling plan. When placing those 60cm x 120cm fixtures that need to rotate 90
degree, press space bar to rotate them first. We can also use Copy tool to copy these
fixtures.
Since Elec/Mech room will run many pipes and conduits at higher levels it does not have
hung ceiling, thus we install pendant lights in it.
14 After loading, click Systems tab, select Lighting Fixture on Systems ribbon, in
Family/Type Selector, find and select M_Pendant Light - Linear - 1 Lamp family 1200mm
- 277V type fixture.
17 Select Lighting Fixture on Systems ribbon again. In Family/Type Selector, find and select
M_Pendant Light - Linear - 2 Lamp family 1200mm - 277V type fixture.
The reason we put two different lights in this room is that the calculated lighting level is
much closer to the required lighting level.
20 Besides, place a 2 lamp pendant light in the stairwell next to Elec/Mech room as shown.
Use the same methods, open 2 - Ceiling Elec view, according to the drawing below, finish
placing all lighting fixtures on second floor.
After placing all the lighting fixtures, in Space Lighting Analysis schedule we found there are
a few spaces do not meet our requirements (either under or exceed). Two corridor spaces
at first and second floor restroom entrances exceeded their requirements. Although we
could remove the 60cm x 60cm fixtures in the middle of those corridors to satisfy the
requirements, but author felt it’s all right to let them brighter at restroom entrances. The
troubles are the lighting calculations for those stairwells. In next section, we will do some
adjustments of those stairwell spaces in order to meet our lighting requirements.
4 Use VG to turn on Spaces Interior and Reference, turn off Levels in Annotation Categories.
6 As shown on the left figure, select second floor 223 Stairwell space, pick the control
point at its bottom, drag it down to the location as shown on the right figure.
8 Select 223 Stairwell space again, on Properties palette, set Base Offset to -370 cm.
9 Select first floor 121 Stairwell space, on Properties palette, set its Lighting Type to
(none).
Now in schedule, 121 Stairwell space does not have Required Lighting Level, there is no
lighting fixture in it, therefore its Average Estimated Illumination is 0 lx, then there is no so
called Lighting Delta. On the other hand, we can see the Average Estimated Illumination for
223 Stairwell decreased (because its fixtures cover more space), but still satisfied our
lighting requirement.
In schedule the lighting level of north 122 Stairwell is still not enough. However we can
improve its lighting level by increasing its surface reflectances.
350 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
4 Select the Wall Reflectance of 122 Stairwell space; change it from preset 50% to 75%.
Now we can see the Average Estimated Illumination of 122 Stairwell increased (became
brighter), which satisfied our lighting requirement.
So we have learned that the surface reflectance of a space affect its lighting level. Which
means the higher the surface reflectance is the brighter the space is. Space having higher
surface reflectance can use fewer or lower wattage lighting fixtures to reach the required
lighting level, that can save energy and money.
4 - 6 Add Switches
Open the exercise file: \Electrical\06 Add Switches.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Lighting under Floor Plans of Lighting sub-discipline
to open that view.
2 Use VG to turn off Sections in Annotation Categories.
352 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Since Revit’s electrical systems differ with its mechanical systems that have some default
system colors, therefore we set our own colors for electrical equipment or devices such as:
panelboards, light switches, circuit wires, etc.
3 Type VG, click Filters tab, then press Edit/New... button.
4 In Filters dialog box, press the New button at lower left to create a Light Switch filter, for
Categories select Lighting Devices, for Filter Rules set Family Name equals M_Lighting
Switches.
5 Press OK back to Visibility/Graphic Overrides Filters dialog, press Add button to add
Light Switch to filter list.
6 Click the Projection/Surface Lines Override… button of Light Switch, in Line Graphics
dialog box, set Color to Blue, press OK.
Note: The VG filter overrides such as color, style, need to be done on each view that uses
them, but the filter’s name and rules are only set once.
4 - 6 Add Switches 353
9 In Family/Type Selector, find and select M_Lighting Switches family Single Pole type,
then place this switch on the wall close to the door of 101 Office. Click the leftmost
Modify button on ribbon.
Please notice the Properties palette, switch’s Elevation is 120 cm and Switch ID is blank.
10 Click the Device icon on Systems ribbon. (now it displays the light switch picture)
11 Place a single pole switch in 102 Office and 103 Guest Room as shown.
354 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Now all switch symbols become twice big, meanwhile the line weight of lighting fixtures
increased.
15 Continue to place two three-way switches on the left wall of the right Open Office, also
place a three-way switch on the wall of each stairwell.
16 According to the next figure, place the necessary single pole switches for the remaining
rooms and corridors.
Attention! On floor plan views, when Detail Level is set to Coarse or Medium, switches and
receptacles are presented by symbols, they will enlarge or shrink by view scales.
When Detail Level is set to Fine, they are actual objects with sizes.
356 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Same situation, open Floor Plan: 2 - Lighting view, according to the next figure, place the
correct switches for second floor. (make sure to do the VG settings before placing)
4 - 7 Place Receptacles
Open the exercise file: \Electrical\07 Place Receptacles.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Power under Floor Plans of Power sub-discipline to
open that view.
4 - 7 Place Receptacles 357
In Power floor plan views we can see those lighting fixtures and switches that we placed in
previous sections.
2 Use VG to turn off Lighting Devices and Lighting Fixtures, also turn off Sections.
3 On Properties palette, click View Range’s Edit… button to set view range as follow:
Because the original View Top setting will let us accidentally see the floor mount
receptacles of second floor open offices and conference rooms.
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5 In Family/Type Selector, find and select M_Duplex Receptacle family Standard type,
then place this receptacle on the north wall of 101 Office. Click the leftmost Modify
button on ribbon.
7 Click the Device icon on Systems ribbon. (now it displays the receptacle picture)
Now on Properties palette the Actual Receptacle Load shows 720.00 VA (i.e. 180.00 VA x 4).
Therefore when placing receptacles we can inspect the changes of Actual Receptacle Load
by selecting the space.
360 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
10 As shown below, place the same receptacles on the walls in 102 Office and 103 Guest
Room.
Since all radiators are installed under windows, we can not put receptacle under window.
According to the next figure, place all standard receptacles on the walls for the remaining
rooms and corridors.
14 As shown below, place floor mount receptacles on the floors in Open Offices and
Conference rooms.
362 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Note: In office buildings, we might install some receptacles on ceiling to provide power for
overhead projector, wireless Router, and etc.
GFCI Receptacles
Since restrooms have water running, therefore we install GFCI (Ground Fault Current
Interrupter) receptacles.
15 Click the Device icon on Systems ribbon.
16 In Family/Type Selector, select M_Duplex Receptacle family GFCI type, then place four
GFCI receptacles on the walls inside the restrooms.
The Elevation of GFCI receptacle is 120 cm. In Chapter 6 we will install a fire cabinet on the
wall at restroom entrance with bottom (elevation) at 70 cm. Since the receptacle we placed
at restroom entrance is a regular duplex, its elevation is 46 cm, so it’s OK.
4 - 7 Place Receptacles 363
Same situation, open Floor Plan: 2 - Power view, according to the next figure, place all
corresponding receptacles for second floor. (make sure to do all the VG settings before
placing)
2 In Schedule Properties dialog box, find and add Name, Number, Area, Actual Receptacle
Load, Actual Power Load per area, Actual Lighting - Dwelling Unit Load, Actual Lighting
Load per area to Schedule fields, move Number field to the top.
4 - 8 Create Electrical Usage Reports 365
3 Click Sorting/Grouping tab, set sort by Number, verify that Itemize every instance check
box at bottom left is checked.
Notice! First floor south stairwell does not have any receptacle and lighting fixture;
therefore there are no receptacle and lighting loads for it. On second floor, both
stairwells don’t have receptacle; therefore there is no receptacle load for them.
366 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
Note: If necessary, on Properties palette we can click the Edit… button next to Formatting
to modify schedule field formatting, for examples, change the field formats of Actual
Receptacle Load and Actual Lighting - Dwelling Unit Load from VA to W (Watts).
7 In Family/Type Selector, find and select M_Lighting and Appliance Panelboard - 480V
MCB - Surface family 250 A type panel.
8 On Properties palette, set Elevation to 180 cm, scroll down the palette, enter MDP for
Panel Name.
9 Verify that Tag on Placement is turned on Modify | Place Equipment ribbon and Leader
is turned off on Option Bar.
Transformer (T1)
12 Select Electrical Equipment on Systems
ribbon.
13 In Family/Type Selector, find and select
M_Dry Type Transformer - 480-208Y120 -
NEMA Type 2 family 45 kVA type
transformer.
14 On Properties palette, scroll it down,
enter T1 for Panel Name.
Please note its Distribution System is
480/277 Wye.
370 Chapter 4 Electrical Systems
15 Press space bar three times to let the dragging point is on its right side, then place this
transformer on the wall of Elec/Mech room as shown.
16 After placing, select the tag of the transformer; drag it to the left so that it won’t block
the transformer.
22 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Power under Floor Plans of Power sub-discipline to
open that view.
23 On View Control Bar, change scale from 1 : 200 to 1 : 100.
24 Use VG to set Line color of Electrical Equipment to magenta.
25 Like first floor Elec/Mech room, place two panels and one transformer on the right wall
of second floor Elec/Mech room. Their family names, types and panel names are:
M_Lighting and Appliance Panelboard - 480V MCB - Surface : 250 A, H2 (set Elevation to
180 cm)
M_Dry Type Transformer - 480-208Y120 - NEMA Type 2 : 45 kVA, T2
M_Lighting and Appliance Panelboard - 208V MLO - Surface : 100 A, P2
T1 and MDP
4 Select T1 transformer.
5 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, select Power.
P1 and T1
9 Select T1 transformer.
10 On Properties palette, set its Secondary Distribution System to 120/208 Wye.
11 Select P1 panel.
12 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, select Power.
13 On Modify | Electrical Circuit ribbon, select Select Panel. Select the T1 transformer
above.
H2 and MDP
15 Select H2 panel in 2 - Power view.
16 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, select Power.
17 On Modify | Electrical Circuit ribbon, select Select Panel. Select the MDP panel in 1 -
Power view.
T2 and H2
19 Select T2 transformer in 2 - Power view.
20 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, select Power.
21 On Modify | Electrical Circuit ribbon, select Select Panel. Select the H2 panel above.
P2 and T2
23 Select T2 transformer.
24 On Properties palette, set its Secondary Distribution System to 120/208 Wye.
25 Select P2 panel.
26 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, select Power.
27 When Revit displays this warning message, close it.
28 On Modify | Electrical Circuit ribbon, select Select Panel. Select the T2 transformer
above.
When all finished, we can move mouse cursor on top of any panel or transformer, press Tab
key a few times to examine the logic connections of these equipment.
8 Zoom in the bottom left of the building. Hold Ctrl key, select six receptacles in 102 Office.
Notice! Revit remembers the panel in previous circuit creation and automatically assigns it
to the current creation, so if we don’t use a different panel we can skip this step.
4 - 10 Create Power Circuitry 379
Edit Circuit
13 Select a receptacle in 101 Office.
14 Click the Electrical Circuits tab on the right of Modify | Electrical Fixtures tab.
19 Move the cursor on top of the receptacle we just picked, press Tab key to display the
dashed wires as shown, then press down the mouse button.
20 Click the little Arc Wire icon on the figure to create wires for that receptacle.
4 - 10 Create Power Circuitry 381
23 Click and hold the little circle next to the arc, drag it to the upper left to expand that arc.
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25 Click and hold the little circle in the middle, drag it to the lower left.
4 - 10 Create Power Circuitry 383
26 Click and hold the control point of the homerun arrow, drag it to the lower left to
shorten the homerun line.
Note: If we don’t increase the breaker number, we won’t have enough breakers for all
circuits on first floor.
Refer to the drawing below and the P1 panel schedule in Section 4-13; finish all receptacle
circuits on first floor.
4 - 10 Create Power Circuitry 385
Same situation, use the methods above, refer to the drawing below and the P2 panel
schedule in Section 4-13, complete all receptacle circuits for second floor. Before creating
circuits, use VG to turn off Spaces and set Wires line color to orange.
6 In Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, select Electrical Equipment Tags, press OK.
7 Drag all three tags to the left so they don’t block the equipment.
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8 Select MDP panel, on Properties palette, increase its Max #1 Pole Breakers from 12 to
42.
9 Hold Ctrl key, select two lighting fixtures and one switch on the wall of 101 Office.
12 Select the MDP panel in Elec/Mech room on the north side of the building.
4 - 11 Create Lighting Circuitry 389
13 On Modify | Electrical Circuits ribbon, select Arc Wire. Then click the leftmost Modify
button on ribbon.
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For some reasons Revit creates a very long homerun all the way to the MDP panel in
Elec/Mech room.
14 Select the long homerun line, click and hold the little circle in the middle, drag it to the
place as shown.
15 Click and hold the control point of the homerun arrow, drag it to the place as shown to
shorten this homerun line.
4 - 11 Create Lighting Circuitry 391
If the homerun line generated by Revit is too long we could use the above method, use
mouse to drag its control points to shorten it, or, use the following method, after Revit
generated the long home run, delete it and redraw a shorter one (see steps 20-23).
16 Select four lighting fixtures and one switch on the wall of 102 Office.
Notice! Revit remembers the panel in previous circuit creation and automatically assigns it
to the current creation, so if we don’t use a different panel we can skip this step.
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19 On Modify | Electrical Circuits ribbon, select Arc Wire. Then click the leftmost Modify
button on ribbon.
20 Delete the long homerun line that is all the way to the MDP panel.
21 Click Manage tab, select Snaps. In Snaps dialog box, turn off all snaps except Angular
dimension snap increments and Nearest, press OK.
4 - 11 Create Lighting Circuitry 393
23 Follow the next four figures, draw a shorter arc homerun from the upper right lighting
fixture of 102 Office toward the Elec/Mech room.
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24 Select 20 lighting fixtures and two three-way switches on the right wall of the left Open
Office.
25 Use either the method of 101 Office (shorten the homerun line) or the method of 102
Office (delete the longer homerun line then draw a shorter one) to create a large
lighting circuit.
4 - 11 Create Lighting Circuitry 395
28 Press Tab key, when seeing that Revit use the best path to string up the 2 three-way
switches, press down mouse button.
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30 In Filter dialog box, uncheck Lighting Devices and Lighting Fixtures, press OK.
31 On Properties palette, change the number of Hot Conductors from 1 to 2, press Apply at
the bottom of the palette.
Now the number of tick mark (conductor) on the arc wires between the two three-way
switches changed from 3 to 4.
As the following examples, we can first pick an arc wire, then click the + or – nearby to
increase or decrease the number of tick mark.
4 - 11 Create Lighting Circuitry 397
Refer to the drawing below and the MDP panel schedule in Section 4-13 finish all lighting
circuits of first floor.
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Same situation, use the methods above, refer to the drawing below and the H2 panel
schedule in Section 4-13, complete all lighting circuits for second floor. Before creating the
circuits, don’t forget to do the necessary VG settings.
3 Select any a wire in drawing, right click mouse button, on Context Menu select Select All
Instances -> Visible in View.
4 Click the button (or press Del key) to delete all the wires in the drawing.
5 Use VG to turn off Electrical Fixtures and HVAC Zones, turn on Mechanical Equipment.
4 - 12 Circuit Mechanical Equipment 401
7 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and open the exercise file: \Mechanical\20
Mechanical System Finished.rvt
Now we have linked the mechanical drawing into the electrical drawing.
8 Click Collaborate tab, click the down arrow next to Copy/Monitor to drop down the list,
then select Select Link.
11 Select all the VAV boxes and the four hydronic pumps in Elec/Mech room.
Now we have copied (with monitoring) all first floor VAV boxes and pumps from the linked
mechanical drawing that need electrical power.
4 - 12 Circuit Mechanical Equipment 403
15 Use the same method, import \Plumbing\11 Plumbing System Finished.rvt link file and
copy/monitor the water heater in Elec/Mech room.
16 After copy/monitor all the necessary mechanical equipment, use VG to turn off 11
Plumbing System Finished.rvt and 20 Mechanical System Finished.rvt Revit Links.
Now the radiators and boilers are gone, we only see the VAV boxes, pumps and water
heater that use electrical power.
17 Select the three VAV boxes that serve Office 101, 102 and Guest Room 103.
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26 Use the same method, duplicate a 2 - Mech Equipment view from 2 - Power view with
“Detailing”, delete all the wires, use VG to turn off Electrical Fixtures and HVAC Zones,
turn on Mechanical Equipment, then copy/monitor all the VAV boxes on second floor,
make 8 groups of them to circuit them to the P2 panel in ELEC/MECH room.
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27 In Project Browser, duplicate a Roof - Mech Equipment view from Roof - Power view.
28 On Properties palette, scroll down to View Template, click Electrical Plan button.
29 In Assign View Template dialog box, set Name to <None>, click OK.
4 - 12 Circuit Mechanical Equipment 407
30 Use VG to turn on Mechanical Equipment, set Wires color to orange, turn off Elevations
and Sections in Annotation Categories.
Now we can see two AC units and two exhaust fans on roof.
36 On Modify | Electrical Circuits ribbon, drop down the Panel list and select H2 Panel.
Now this AC unit is circuited to the 480V H2 panel located on second floor Elec/Mech room.
38 Use the same method to circuit the other rooftop AC unit and exhaust fans to the 480V
H2 panel on second floor.
4 - 13 Create Panel Schedules 409
Since in 1 - Power and 2 – Power views we will see the HVAC Zones outlines from the linked
mechanical model, therefore we turn both mechanical and plumbing model off just in case
of seeing something that we don’t want.
39 Open 1 - Power view, use VG to turn off 11 Plumbing System Finished.rvt and 20
Mechanical System Finished.rvt Revit Links.
40 Open 2 - Power view, use VG to turn off 11 Plumbing System Finished.rvt and 20
Mechanical System Finished.rvt Revit Links.
Save your work
When all done, click the File Tab, select Save As, then select Project, in Save As dialog box,
navigate to Electrical Exercise folder, enter 12 Mechanical Circuitry Finished for File name.
Click the File Tab again then select Close.
4 In Manage Panel Schedule Templates dialog box, select the duplicated Branch Panel1
template, then click Edit button.
9 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Power under Floor Plans to open that view.
10 Select P1 panel in first floor Elec/Mech room.
11 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, drop down the Create Panel Schedules list,
select Choose a Template.
12 In Change Template dialog box, select Branch Panel1 that we just created, press OK.
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13 As the schedule shown below, correct those circuit descriptions that need to be
corrected.
Thus we can use Move Up, Move Down, Move Across and Move To to adjust circuit’s
number.
17 Select MDP panel in first floor Elec/Mech room.
18 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, drop down the Create Panel Schedules list,
select Choose a Template and choose Branch Panel1 template.
19 After Revit generated the schedule, refer to the schedule below; correct the circuit
descriptions of the schedule.
4 - 13 Create Panel Schedules 415
20 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Power under Floor Plans to open that view.
21 Select P2 panel in second floor Elec/Mech room.
22 On Modify | Electrical Equipment ribbon, drop down the Create Panel Schedules list,
select Choose a Template and choose Branch Panel1 template.
23 After Revit generated the schedule, refer to the schedule below; correct the circuit
descriptions of the schedule.
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1 In Project Browser, double click P2 under Panel Schedules to open that schedule.
Now Revit re-arrange the location of some circuits to let the Total Loads of A, B, C three
phases are much equal.
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3 Same for H2, P1, MDP panel schedules, open them sequentially, select Rebalance Loads
on Modify | Panel Schedule ribbon to rebalance their loads.
4 - 14 Define Circuit Loads 419
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10 Open P1 panel schedule, the load for the Water Heater is: 2250 x 2 = 4500 VA; we
change its breaker from 20 A to 30 A.
Change Transformers
11 Open Floor Plan: 2 - Power view, zoom in the Elec/Mech room, select T2 transformer, in
Family/Type Selector, change its type from 45 kVA to 30 kVA.
Now we can see that 30 kVA transformer is smaller than 45 kVA transformer.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 421
4 - 15 Draw Conduits
In this section we will draw conduits to connect the panels and transformers in first and
second floor Elec/Mech rooms.
Open the exercise file: \Electrical\15 Draw Conduits.rvt
Since transformers need to dissipate heats, we move them a little away from the walls.
1 In second floor Elec/Mech rooms, move T2 transformer 15 cm left.
2 Open Floor Plan: 1 - Power view, in Elec/Mech rooms, also move T1 transformer 15 cm
left.
14 Click Modify tab, use Align tool to line up the left edge of H2 panel on second floor with
the left edge of MDP panel on first floor.
15 Same method, use Align tool to line up T2 with T1 transformers; P2 with P1 panels.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 425
16 Use VG to turn off Conduit Fittings Center line and Conduit Center line.
17 Select the bottom connector of MDP panel, right click mouse button, on Context Menu
select Draw Conduit from face.
18 When Revit displays the Surface Connection ribbon and adjustment screen, here we
don't do any change; just click Finish Connection on ribbon to accept the default
location of connection.
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Note: The light blue rectangle shown is the bottom face of MDP panel, it let us adjust the
location of conduit connection on that face.
19 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 63 mm, then draw a conduit 110 cm down, then 180
cm left to the outside of the building.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 427
20 Select the top connector of MDP panel, right click mouse button, on Context Menu
select Draw Conduit from face.
21 When Revit displays the Surface Connection ribbon and adjustment screen, just click
Finish Connection on ribbon to accept the default location of connection.
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22 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 53 mm, then draw a conduit up to the bottom of H2
panel on second floor.
23 When Revit displays the Surface Connection ribbon and adjustment screen, just click
Finish Connection on ribbon to accept the default location of connection.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 429
24 Select MDP panel, move it to the left (approximate 30 cm), so there has more room
between it and the T1 transformer.
25 Select the right connector of MDP panel, right click mouse button, on Context Menu
select Draw Conduit from face, click Finish Connection on ribbon, on Options Bar, set
Diameter to 35 mm, draw an L shape conduit as shown on the left figure below.
26 Select the bottom connector of P1 panel, right click mouse button, on Context Menu
select Draw Conduit from face, click Finish Connection on ribbon, draw a 35 mm
vertical conduit as shown on the right figure below.
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27 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Power under Floor Plans to open that view. Zoom in
the Elec/Mech room.
28 On Quick Toolbar, click the Thin Lines button.
30 Select the right connector of T1 transformer, right click mouse button, on Context Menu
select Draw Conduit from face.
31 In Surface Connection screen, set the distance between connector and transformer left
edge to 15 cm.
33 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 35 mm, then draw a short horizontal conduit as shown.
34 Select the right connector of T1 transformer again, right click mouse button, on Context
Menu select Draw Conduit from face.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 433
35 In Surface Connection screen, first drag the dimension control point from the left edge
to the right edge.
36 Then set the distance between connector and transformer right edge to 15 cm.
38 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 35 mm, then draw a short horizontal conduit as shown.
42 Press Space bar twice to let the dragging point on the shorter end of the L fitting, then
attach it to the lower conduit coming out from the transformer.
43 Continue to attach the L fitting to the upper conduit coming out from the transformer.
When done click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
44 Select the upper L fitting, click the rotation icon twice to rotate it up.
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Attention! When drawing conduits, make sure to set the correct diameters on Options Bar.
48 Click Modify tab, use Align tool to line up the drawn conduits with the upper conduit
coming out from MDP panel.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 437
50 In Project Browser, double click Section - 2 to re-open the section view of Elec/Mech
room.
51 On Modify ribbon, select Trim/Extend to Corner tool, first select the vertical conduit
dropping from MDP panel, then select the horizontal conduit coming out from
transformer to connect them together.
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52 Continue to select the vertical conduit dropping from P1 panel, then select the
horizontal conduit coming out from transformer to connect them together.
Attention! For some reasons, we must select the vertical conduit first, then select the
horizontal conduit, otherwise we will receive error message from Revit.
53 Use the same methods; finish the conduit connections between H2 panel, T2
transformer and P2 panel on second floor.
4 - 15 Draw Conduits 439
55 Use VG to turn off Electrical Fixtures, Lighting Devices, Lighting Fixtures and Levels.
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2 In Schedule Properties dialog box, first, select Space from Select available fields from:
drop down list, then find and add Space: Name and Space: Number to the Schedule
fields.
3 Next, select Lighting Fixtures from Select available fields from: drop down list, then find
and add Family and Type, Panel, Circuit Number, Switch ID to the Schedule fields.
Arrange the field order as shown.
4 - 16 Create Switch Systems 443
4 Click Sorting/Grouping tab, set Sort by Space: Number, check the Blank Line; verify that
Itemize every instance check box at bottom left is checked.
5 Click Formatting tab, select Space: Number field on the left, change its Heading to
Number, select Space: Name field on the left, change its Heading to Name.
6 Select Switch ID on the left, press Conditional Format… button on the right.
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7 In Conditional Formatting dialog box, set Test to Not Equal To, leave Value box blank, set
Background Color to yellow.
The schedule populates all the lighting fixtures in each space with their panel name, circuit
number and switch ID.
At this moment all Switch IDs are blank. When we create switch systems in the coming
steps they will fill in with values and be the evidences of the creation.
10 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Lighting under Floor Plans to open that view.
4 - 16 Create Switch Systems 445
11 Use VG to turn off Wires and 19 Mechanical Systems Finished.rvt and 11 Plumbing
System Finished.rvt Revit Links.
15 Select the switch in 101 Office, on Properties palette enter: 101 for Switch ID.
Now Revit displays two dashed lines connecting the wall switch to the lighting fixtures. On
the right hand side, in Lighting Fixture Schedule, we see two lighting fixtures of 101 Office
display their Switch ID of 101 with yellow background, means we created a switch system
for them.
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20 Select the switch in 102 Office, on Properties palette enter: 102 for Switch ID.
Now Revit displays four dashed lines connecting the wall switch to the lighting fixtures. In
Lighting Fixture Schedule, we see four lighting fixtures of 102 Office display their Switch ID
of 102 with yellow background, means we created a switch system for them.
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25 On right side, scroll down the schedule to display the lighting fixtures of 112 Open Office.
26 On left side, select the lower three-way switch (1) in 112 Open Office, on Properties
palette enter: 112-1 for Switch ID.
27 Select the upper three-way switch (2) in 112 Open Office, on Properties palette enter:
112-2 for Switch ID.
4 - 16 Create Switch Systems 451
Now in Lighting Fixture Schedule, we see 20 lighting fixtures of 112 Open Office display
their Switch ID of 112-1 with yellow background.
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Note: For three-way switch system we only assign one switch to it.
Use the methods above, with Lighting Fixture Schedule on the right hand side for
verifications; finish all switch systems for first floor and second floor. Although 121 Stairwell
space has a three-way switch but does not have lighting fixture, therefore it doesn’t appear
in the schedule.
When finished, use VG to turn on green Wires, set scale back to 1 : 100.
If we want to examine the switch systems on floor plans, such as the Front Entrance shown
below, move mouse cursor on top of the switch, press Tab key a few times, then we can see
the dashed lines of that system.
2 In Project Units dialog box, click the example button of Length Format.
3 In Format dialog box, for Units select Centimeters, for Rounding select 2 decimal places,
for Unit symbol select cm, put a check mark on Suppress on trailing 0’s.
4 Click OK to complete the settings of Length format, click OK again to finish the settings
of Project Units.
2 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and select the exercise file: \Architectural\c Office
Building.rvt
3 At the bottom of dialog box, verify Positioning: is Auto - Origen to Origen, then press
Open.
The line works of linked model is grey out with brightness of 50%.
5 - 1 Prepare Plumbing Modeling 457
4 Click Manage tab, then click Additional Settings to expand its drop down list, select
Halftone / Underlay.
5 In Halftone / Underlay dialog box change Brightness from 50% to 70%, press OK.
Now we can see the line works of linked model become darker.
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6 Select the imported architectural background model, on Modify panel, click to pin
the model so it won’t be moved accidentally.
2 Select and drag the host’s level symbols to the right of link model’s level symbols.
5 - 1 Prepare Plumbing Modeling 459
Since we won’t put plumbing equipment on roof, therefore we don’t need to add roof level
and roof plan. Also, unlike mechanical and electrical systems, we don’t have any plumbing
fixture on grid ceilings; so we don’t need to add ceiling levels.
5 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Plumbing under Floor Plans to open Floor Plan: 2 -
Plumbing view.
6 Use VG to turn off Elevations.
7 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
For second floor plumbing, in order to see the drain pipes under the slab and the floor drain
fixtures, we set view Bottom to -100 cm just above the first floor restroom hung ceiling; as
for view Top, we don’t worry about it for the time being.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 461
8 On Properties palette, click View Range's Edit… button to set view range as follow:
We can see there already are some plumbing fixture families in template.
14 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Water Closet - Flush
Valve - Floor Mounted family Public - 6.1 Lpf type toilet.
15 Press space bar to orientate the toilet, then place it in the handicapped stall of Ladies
Room as shown. Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 463
18 Select the toilet, change the dimension from its center to lower wall to 45.5 cm, change
the dimension from its back to right wall to 15 cm.
21 As the following six figures, pick the end point of the lower right corner; continue to pick
the end points of stall partitions above to copy the other four toilets.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 465
Use the same method to complete the other two toilets in Men’s Room.
Attention! When placing plumbing fixtures be careful of using Mirror tool, because some
fixtures, such as lavatory, have cold and hot water connectors, when we mirror
them will flip their connectors. Also, some toilets have flushing water handle; if
we mirror them will flip their handles to the other side.
27 Place this urinal in Men’s Room as shown. (Note: When placing, we need to move it to
touch the wall) Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 467
28 Click the button on Quick Toolbar, dimension from the lower partition to the center
of urinal then to the upper partition, after that, click the symbol, then Revit centers
the urinal to let it have EQ (equal) dimensions to both sides.
29 Delete the dimensions of urinal, when seeing the warning dialog, press OK.
30 Same situation, use Copy Multiple and end points of partitions to copy the other two
urinals above.
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Place Lavatories
31 Select Plumbing Fixture on Systems ribbon.
32 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Lavatory - Oval
family 635 mmx510 mm - Public type lavatory.
33 On Properties palette, set Elevation to 90 cm.
34 Place four lavatories in Ladies Room as shown. (Note: When placing, we need to move
them to touch the wall)
35 Click the button on Quick Toolbar; dimension the edges of lower and upper
lavatories to wall faces.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 469
36 Select the lower and upper lavatories respectively; change their dimensions to 13 cm.
37 Click the button on Quick Toolbar, continuously dimension the centers of four
lavatories, click the symbol, then Revit adjusts the middle two lavatories to equally
distance all four lavatories.
Note: We can also approximately place 4 lavatories in Men’s Room, then use Align tool to
align them to the lavatories in Ladies Room.
43 Place a drain on the floor at the corner of partitions in Ladies and Men’s rooms as
shown. Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
5 - 2 Add Plumbing Fixtures 471
44 Window select all fixtures on second floor (20 total), on Modify panel, click to pin
them so they won’t be moved accidentally during piping.
46 Use VG to turn off Levels in Annotation Categories and turn off c Office Building.rvt in
Revit Links. Then zoom in the plumbing fixtures we have placed.
472 Chapter 5 Plumbing Systems
We can see there are already some pipe fitting families in the template.
2 Click Insert tab, then select Load Family. In Load Family dialog box, find the pipe fitting
library location at C:\ProgramData\Autodesk\RVT 2019\Libraries\US Metric\Pipe
\Fittings\PVC\Sch 40\Socket-Type\DWV\
5 - 3 Create Toilet and Floor Drain Lines 473
5 Select duplicated PVC - DWV 2 type, right click mouse button, on Context Menu select
Rename… to rename it to PVC - DWV Sanitary.
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6 Double click PVC - DWV Sanitary to open Type Properties dialog box, click the Edit…
button next to Routing Preferences.
7 In Routing Preferences dialog box, set Cross to M_Tee Reducing Double Sanitary - PVC -
Sch 40 - DWV: Standard, set its Min. Size to All.
15 Pick the midpoint of the shaft wall as shown. (We use this point to place a drop to
collect sanitary sewage)
16 On Options Bar, set Offset to -110 cm, set Diameter to 100 mm, then click Solutions.
19 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: PVC - DWV Sanitary
for both Main and Branch, set Offset to -60 cm for both Main and Branch, then press OK.
5 - 3 Create Toilet and Floor Drain Lines 477
20 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution as same as the solution shown on the figure below, click Finish Layout.
21 Revit displays a warning message on the bottom right, means that the highlight orange
pipe (drop) has an open end at its bottom, just close it.
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Now we see the single line piping drawing became double lined.
23 Select the bend fitting on top of sanitary drop, move it down 7 cm.
5 - 3 Create Toilet and Floor Drain Lines 479
Now we see that the sanitary pipes have thickness, and lavatories show their hot and cold
water faucets.
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29 In Family/Type Selector find and select M_Trap P - PVC - Sch 40 - DWV fitting family.
32 Click Modify tab, select the Align tool, move mouse cursor to the left horizontal pipe,
press Tab key repeatedly, when Revit showing the center reference line of the pipe, click
it, then move mouse cursor to the open end of p trap, when Revit showing the center
reference square of the end, click it, thus Revit lowered the p trap down a little bit to
align its open end to the horizontal pipe.
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33 Drag the open end of the horizontal pipe to the open end of the p trap to connect them
together.
34 Same situation, add a p trap to the floor drain on the other side.
Attention! Make sure to snaps to the center of the drop, then click the mouse button.
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8 On Options Bar, set Offset to -20 cm, set Diameter to 65 mm, then click Solutions.
12 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution as same as the solution shown on the left figure, click Finish Layout.
5 - 4 Connect Urinal Drain Lines 485
Now we are viewing model from LEFT, BACK and TOP angle that we can see the sanitary
piping from urinals clearly.
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15 Select the 10 cm Bend on top of toilet sanitary drop, then click the + on top of it to
change it to Tee.
16 Select the 65 mm drop of urinals, drag its bottom point to the top of 100 mm Tee.
5 - 4 Connect Urinal Drain Lines 487
17 Move mouse cursor to the 100 mm drop, press Tab key a few times to examine the
connection of sanitary piping and fixtures.
Now the urinal Sanitary 2 system has merged into the toilet Sanitary 1 system.
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Notice! When we created sanitary piping system for urinals Revit displayed Sanitary 2 for
system name. Why here Revit displayed Sanitary 2 again? This is because when we
connected urinal drop to toilet drop, Sanitary 2 system has merged into Sanitary 1 system.
5 - 5 Connect Lavatory Drain Lines 489
Therefore the system name “Sanitary 2” has been released which is reused by Revit. We
don’t necessarily accept the system name that Revit provides, but for convenience, we just
take it.
8 On Options Bar, set Offset to -20 cm, set Diameter to 50 mm, then click Solutions.
11 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, for Main set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: PVC - DWV
Sanitary, set Offset to 20 cm. For Branch, set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: PVC - DWV
Sanitary, set Offset to 48 cm, then press OK.
12 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution that all piping are running inside the wall as shown on the left figure, click
Finish Layout.
5 - 5 Connect Lavatory Drain Lines 491
We collect the lavatory drains to the lower left corner of Ladies Room first.
14 Click the blue mark on the corner of FRONT, LEFT and TOP of 3D View Cube.
18 Select the p trap, on Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon select Connect Into, then select the
vertical pipe to connect them together.
20 Convert the highlighted bends to tees. (These tees will allow us to add vertical vent
pipes in section 9)
24 In Family/Type Selector, select Pipe Types PVC - DWV Sanitary. (or verify Pipe Types
PVC - DWV Sanitary is the current family and type)
25 On Properties palette, set System Type to Sanitary. (or verify System Type is Sanitary)
26 On Modify | Place Pipe ribbon, select Automatically Connect, Inherit Elevation, turn
Slope Off. On Options Bar, set Diameter to 50 mm.
Note: We don’t worry about the Offset value on Options Bar, because we are using Inherit
Elevation method to draw our pipes.
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28 On Modify | Place Pipe ribbon, select Slope Up and set 4.0000% slope.
29 Then draw the pipe down aligning to the drop of lavatory that we just created.
30 Then draw a pipe left like the figure shown.
5 - 5 Connect Lavatory Drain Lines 497
33 Select the horizontal pipe we just drew, then select the vertical drop of lavatories. Thus
we connected the lavatory drain to the main drain.
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We can see that this looks like a horizontal pipe actually has ≈ 4.0000% slope.
Use the same methods and refer to the following two figures, complete the lavatory drain
lines in Men’s Room.
5 - 6 Create Flushing Water Piping 499
Note: When loading families, in same folder we can hold Ctrl key to pick multiple files to
load them at the same time.
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5 Double click Domestic Cold Water to open Type Properties dialog box, click the Edit…
button next to Routing Preferences.
6 In Routing Preferences dialog box, set Domestic Cold Water routing preferences as
shown in the right figure.
7 Click OK to finish Domestic Cold Water routing preferences but NOT to end.
8 In Type Properties dialog box, click Duplicate… button.
5 - 6 Create Flushing Water Piping 501
Notice! Now in Create Piping System dialog box no longer has the choice for Sanitary
system, because all these toilets already have sanitary piping connected.
18 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 50 mm, then click Solutions.
21 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: Domestic Cold
Water for both Main and Branch, set Offset to 35.56 cm for both Main and Branch, then
press OK.
Note: 35.56 cm (14 in.) is the height of toilet cold water inlet.
22 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution as same as the solution shown on the left figure, click Finish Layout.
Now we have finished the flushing cold water piping for toilets.
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29 On Options Bar, set Offset to 70 cm, set Diameter to 32 mm, then click Solutions.
33 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution as same as the solution shown on the left figure, click Finish Layout.
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35 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
Please notice that the colors of toilets and urinals changed from green to black. This is
because now they have connected to both sanitary and cold water systems. When fixtures
or equipment connect to more than one system, their color can not follow any particular
system; therefore Revit displays them in black.
5 - 6 Create Flushing Water Piping 507
37 Select the riser of urinal cold water, drag its bottom point to the top of Cross.
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38 Move mouse cursor on top of any cold water pipe, press Tab key a few times to examine
the connection of cold water piping of urinals and toilets.
8 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 25 mm, then click Solutions.
12 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution that all piping are running inside the wall as shown on the left figure, click
Finish Layout.
15 In Create Piping System dialog box, for System type select Domestic Hot Water, press OK.
19 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 25 mm, then click Solutions.
20 Verify that Slope Value is 0.0000% (no slope).
21 On Options Bar verify Solution Type is Network, then click Settings… button.
22 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: Domestic Hot Water
for both Main and Branch, set Offset to 70 cm for both Main and Branch, then press OK.
5 - 7 Create Lavatory Supply Water Piping 513
23 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution that all piping are running inside the wall as shown on the left figure, click
Finish Layout.
25 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
Use the same methods to complete the cold water and hot water piping for the lavatories
in Men’s Room.
5 - 8 Copy to and Connect Second Floor Plumbing Systems 515
4 Click the down arrow under Paste to drop down the list, select Aligned to Selected
Levels.
6 In Project Browser, double click 2 - Plumbing under Floor Plans to open that view. Click
the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
5 - 8 Copy to and Connect Second Floor Plumbing Systems 517
Now we have copied all the plumbing fixtures and piping of first floor to the same place on
second floor.
Since the Detail Level of second floor plan view is Medium, thus the piping is drawn by
single lines.
7 On View Control Bar, set Detail Level to Fine. Now we see the single line piping drawing
became double lined.
9 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
11 Select second floor 100 mm drop, drag its bottom point to the top of first floor 100 mm
Tee.
13 Select the 100 mm drop for extend boundary, then select the shorter 65 mm horizontal
drain pipe to extend it to the 100 mm drop.
Now we have connected the drain pipes of first floor and second floor.
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Notice: In section 5-3, when we place the Base (drop) for sanitary piping, it is important to
place it as close to the north wall of the shaft as possible so that we can have
enough space to extend the urinal pipe and connect to it.
Connect First and Second Floor Toilet and Urinal Cold Water
14 Type VG, click Filters tab, then click the Add button.
16 Back to Filters dialog screen, uncheck the Visibility box of Sanitary, press OK.
5 - 8 Copy to and Connect Second Floor Plumbing Systems 521
19 Select the 32 mm vertical pipe and the Tee above, on Options Bar change their Diameter
to 50 mm.
5 - 8 Copy to and Connect Second Floor Plumbing Systems 523
21 Select the vertical pipe of second floor above, drag its bottom point to the top of the
Cross below.
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Connect First and Second Floor Lavatory Cold and Hot Water
22 Zoom to first floor Ladies Room lavatory region, window select the cold and hot water
pipes and two bend fittings as shown, press Del key to delete them.
Attention: In order to connect first floor and second floor cold and hot water piping without
interference, it is necessary to swap first floor (or second floor) cold and hot
water piping beforehand.
23 Select the horizontal cold water pipe as shown, on Properties palette, change its Offset
from 60 cm to 70 cm.
5 - 8 Copy to and Connect Second Floor Plumbing Systems 525
24 Select the horizontal hot water pipe as shown, on Properties palette, change its Offset
from 70 cm to 60 cm.
Now we have easily swapped the cold water and hot water piping.
25 Click Modify tab, select Trim/Extend to Corner tool.
26 Click the vertical cold water pipe of second floor, then click the horizontal cold water
pipe of first floor, Voila!
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27 Continue to click the vertical hot water pipe of second floor, then click the horizontal
hot water pipe of first floor, Voila! (Isn’t that fun of Revit?)
Thus we have connected first floor Ladies Room cold and hot water pipes and second floor
Ladies Room cold and hot water pipes together.
Use the same methods to connect first floor Men’s Room cold and hot water pipes and
second floor Men’s Room cold and hot water pipes together.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 527
5 Double click PVC - DWV Vent to open Type Properties dialog box, click the Edit… button
next to Routing Preferences.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 529
6 In Routing Preferences dialog box, set Elbow to M_Ell Vent - PVC - Sch 40 - DWV:
Standard, set its Min. Size to All, set Junction to M_Tee Vent - PVC - Sch 40 - DWV:
Standard, set its Min. Size to All, set Cross to M_Tee Reducing Double Vent - PVC - Sch
40 - DWV: Standard, set its Min. Size to All.
Revit does not have particular color for Vent system, but we can use VG’s Filter to set the
line color of vent pipes. We also turn off cold water and hot water piping to facilitate us
drawing the vent pipes.
18 Back to Filters dialog screen, turn off Domestic Cold Water and Domestic Hot Water,
select Vent, click the Override… button of Projection/Surface Lines, in Line Graphics
dialog box, set Color to RGB 255-128-000 (orange), press OK.
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21 In Family/Type Selector, find and select Pipe Types family PVC - DWV Vent type pipe.
22 On Properties palette, verify that Reference Level is set to Level 1, set System Type to
Vent.
23 Pick the midpoint of the top of a first floor main drain segment as shown for vent pipe
starting point.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 533
24 On Modify | Place Pipe ribbon, select Automatically Connect, select Slope Up, set Slope
Value to 1.0000%.
25 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 65 mm.
26 Draw 65 mm vent pipe up then left and up above the roof as shown.
Notice! Because we set 1.0000% slope up, thus when we draw pipe left it has an angle of
89.43°.
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27 Select the vent pipe that passing through the roof, then click its top end offset value,
enter 760 so its top is exactly 20 cm above roof.
Attention: We must pick the starting point first, then set pipe Diameter.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 535
33 As shown on the left figure, from the top of first floor urinal drain segment, draw 50 mm
vent pipe up and left connecting to the vertical vent pipe as shown.
34 As shown on the right figure, from the top of first floor another urinal drain segment,
draw a 50 mm vent pipe up connecting to the horizontal vent pipe just drew.
36 Change the Bend of second floor urinal drain to Tee as shown below.
37 From the top of Tee draw a 65 mm vertical vent pipe up above the roof aligning to the
top of the vertical vent pipe on the other side.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 537
38 Select highlighted pipe segment and tee, on Options Bar change their diameters to 100
mm.
39 From the top of second floor urinal drain line, draw two 50 mm vent pipes connecting to
the right 65 mm vertical vent pipe.
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Thus we have finished all the vent pipes for the drain lines in the middle shaft of the
restroom.
42 Select the third section line, click the Flip Section icon to let it viewing to the right.
43 Double click the second section symbol to open that section view.
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44 From the top of second floor lavatory drain Tee, draw a 50 mm vertical vent pipe up
above roof.
45 Select the vent pipe just drew, set its top offset value to 760 cm.
46 From the top of second floor rightmost lavatory drain Tee, draw 32 mm vertical vent
pipe up and left connecting to the 50 mm vertical vent pipe just drew.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 541
47 From the tops of other three lavatory drain Tees, draw three 32 mm vertical vent pipes
up connecting to the 32 mm horizontal vent pipe above.
48 From the top of first floor lavatory drain Tee, draw a 50 mm vertical vent pipe up and 20
cm left and up and right connecting to the second floor 50 mm vertical vent pipe.
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49 Like second floor, from the tops of first floor lavatory drain Tees, draw 32 mm vent pipes
connecting to the left 50 mm vertical vent pipe.
Thus we have finished the vent pipes for the lavatories in Men’s Room.
50 In Project Browser, double click section 3 to open that section view.
51 Use the same methods to finish the vent pipes for the lavatories in Ladies’ Room.
5 - 9 Add Sanitary Vent Pipes 543
In 3D view the color of vent pipes is black, we use VG to set their color to orange same as
the color shown in section view. We also use VG to turn off cold water and hot water piping
so we can examine the sanitary system much easier.
53 Type VG, click Filters tab, then click the Add button.
54 In Add Filters dialog box select Domestic Cold Water, Domestic Hot Water and Vent,
press OK.
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55 Back to Filters dialog screen, turn off Domestic Cold Water and Domestic Hot Water,
select Vent, click the Override… button of Projection/Surface Lines, in Line Graphics
dialog box, set Color to RGB 255-128-000 (orange), press OK.
Now we see the vent pipes become orange color, in the mean time the cold water and hot
water lines are gone.
7 In Type Properties dialog, click Duplicate… button to duplicate this type to a 285L 220V
type and change its Voltage from 240V to 220V.
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8 Place this 220V water heater at the lower left corner of Elec/Mech room. (when placing,
press Space bar to orientate the heater first)
11 In Family/Type Selector, find and select Pipe Types family Domestic Cold Water type pipe.
12 On Properties palette, set System Type to Domestic Cold Water.
13 On Modify | Place Pipe ribbon, select Slope Off.
14 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 50 mm, set Offset to -80 cm.
15 From Elec/Mech room draw a cold water pipe segments as shown, but not finish.
16 On Options Bar, change Offset to 335 cm, continue to draw pipes to Men’s Room.
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25 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
26 Type VG, turn off Plumbing Fixtures, click Filters tab, turn off Sanitary and Vent.
Now we only see the cold and hot water piping and water heater.
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27 Delete the last two segments of cold water and hot water pipes we just drew. (leave
two turning bends)
28 Select the bend of cold water, on Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon select Connect Into, then
select the vertical cold water pipe on the left to connect the horizontal cold water piping
to it.
5 - 10 Add Water Heater 551
29 Same situation, select the bend of hot water, on Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon select
Connect Into, then select the vertical hot water pipe on the left to connect the
horizontal hot water piping to it.
31 Use Connect Into method to connect the tee to the vertical cold water pipe as shown.
33 Use Connect Into method to connect the tee to the vertical cold water pipe on the right.
35 Use Connect Into method to connect the hot water tee to the vertical hot water pipe on
the right.
Thus we have completed the horizontal and vertical cold and hot water piping connections
in restrooms.
5 - 10 Add Water Heater 555
36 Select the water heater, on Modify | Mechanical Equipment ribbon, select Connect Into.
37 In Select Connector dialog box, select Connector 1 : Domestic Cold Water : Round : 25
mm : In : Row direction In, press OK.
38 Select the vertical cold water pipe next to the heater, Voila!
Now Revit connected water heater from its cold water connector to the cold water pipe on
its right. Meanwhile, the color of water heater changed from black to blue, which means
now this heater belongs to cold water system.
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39 Select the water heater again, on Modify | Mechanical Equipment ribbon, select
Connect Into.
40 In Select Connector dialog box, select Connector 2 : Domestic Hot Water : Round : 25
mm : Out : Row direction Out, press OK.
Now Revit connected water heater from its hot water connector to the hot water pipe
above. Meanwhile, the color of water heater changed back to black.
Why the color of water heater changed back to black? This is because now this heater has
5 - 10 Add Water Heater 557
connected to two systems. If we connect water heater to hot water pipe first, it would
become red color first, then connect it to cold water pipe, it would change back to black.
Readers can experiment this sequence yourself.
42 Type VG, turn on Plumbing Fixtures, click Filters tab, turn on Sanitary and Vent, press OK.
Now we can see the plumbing fixtures, green sanitary piping and orange vent pipes again.
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44 On Modify | Place Pipe ribbon, click Slope Down, verify that Slope Value is 1.0000%.
45 From the bottom of the sanitary drop draw a 180 cm 90 degree segment as shown.
This outgoing sanitary pipe and the incoming cold water pipe below the water heater just
present the IN and OUT of the entire plumbing systems.
5 - 10 Add Water Heater 559
46 Move mouse cursor to highlight any a pipe, press Tab key a few times to examine the
connections of the whole plumbing systems.
49 Press F9 function key to open System Browser. At its top, set View to Systems and Piping
discipline, click + to expand the systems and elements as desired.
Now in Project Browser, the Plumbing sub-discipline and the Plumbing discipline are gone.
6 - 1 Prepare Fire Protection System Modeling 563
2 In Project Units dialog box, click the example button of Length Format.
3 In Format dialog box, for Units select Centimeters, for Rounding select 2 decimal places,
for Unit symbol select cm, put a check mark on Suppress on trailing 0’s.
4 Click OK to complete the settings of Length format, but not yet to finish the whole
settings.
5 Click the example button of Area format.
6 In Format dialog box, change Rounding from 0 decimal places to 1 decimal place.
7 Click OK to complete the settings of Area format, click OK again to finish the settings of
Project Units.
2 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and select the exercise file: \Architectural\c Office
Building.rvt
3 At the bottom of dialog box, verify Positioning: is Auto - Origen to Origen, then press
Open.
The line works of linked model is grey out with brightness of 50%.
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4 Click Manage tab, then click Additional Settings to expand its drop down list, select
Halftone / Underlay.
5 In Halftone / Underlay dialog box change Brightness from 50% to 70%, press OK.
Now we can see the line works of linked model become darker.
6 - 1 Prepare Fire Protection System Modeling 567
6 Select the imported architectural background model, on Modify panel, click to pin
the model so it won’t be moved accidentally.
2 Select and drag the host’s level symbols to the right of link model’s level symbols.
568 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
Since all the fire protection systems are under the roof, so we don’t need to add roof level
and roof plan.
2 In New Schedule dialog box, select Rooms for Category, enter Sprinkler Design Schedule
for Name, press OK.
3 In Schedule Properties dialog box, find and add Area, Level, Name and Number
parameters to Schedule fields, arrange their order as shown on the right figure, at lower
left, turn on Include elements in links, then press Add calculated parameter button.
Note: We must turn on "Select Include elements in links" in order to get the information
from linked architectural background drawing.
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7 Click Sorting/Grouping tab, set Sort by Level, turn on Blank line, set Then by Number,
verify that Itemize every instance check box at bottom left is checked.
6 - 2 Create Sprinkler Design Schedule 571
Now we have created a room sprinkler design schedule, in next section we will use this
schedule to place sprinkler(s) in each room.
6 - 3 Place Sprinklers
Open the exercise file: \Fire Protection\03 Place Sprinklers.rvt
1 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Ceiling Fire Protection under Ceiling Plans to open
Ceiling Plan: 1 - Ceiling Fire Protection view.
2 Use VG to turn off Elevations in Annotation Categories.
3 Type WT (Window Tile) to tile 1 - Ceiling Fire Protection view and Sprinkler Design
Schedule side by side.
4 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
6 In Family/Type Selector, click the down arrow to find and select M_Sprinkler - Pendent -
Hosted family 20 mm Pendent type sprinkler.
6 - 3 Place Sprinklers 573
8 Place the first sprinkler at the ceiling grid intersection of 101 Office as shown below.
Click the leftmost Modify button on ribbon.
9 Select the sprinkler just placed, move it 30 cm right and 30 cm up so it is right at the
center of the 60 x 60 ceiling grid.
Now we have finished placing 2 sprinklers on the grid ceiling in 101 Office.
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15 Use the intersection snap mode to copy three sprinklers to the centers of 102 Office
ceiling grids.
Now we have finished placing 3 sprinklers on the grid ceiling in 102 Office.
Please refer to the drawing below, use Copy Multiple and intersection snap mode to finish
all the sprinklers on grid ceiling, and also verify the Min. Sprinkler numbers in sprinkler
design schedule for each room.
6 - 3 Place Sprinklers 575
Since author has already provided the reference locations of lighting fixtures and diffusers,
therefore these sprinklers won’t bump into them.
After finishing all the sprinklers, it’s better to pin them to avoid them being moved
accidentally.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers
Open the exercise file: \Fire Protection\04 Connect Sprinklers.rvt
4 Double click Fire Protection Wet to open Type Properties dialog box, click the Edit…
button next to Routing Preferences.
5 In Routing Preferences dialog box, set Pipe Segment to the settings shown in the right
figure.
10 When Revit displays Create Piping System dialog box, press OK.
13 Pick the endpoint of the lower right corner of the north stairwell.
14 On Options Bar, set Offset to 0 cm, set Diameter to 150 mm, then click Solutions.
17 In Pipe Conversion Settings dialog box, set Pipe Type to Pipe Types: Fire Protection Wet
for both Main and Branch, set Offset to 280 cm for both Main and Branch.
580 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
18 Click the arrow button on Options Bar repeatedly, when Revit displays the layout
solution as same as the solution shown below, click Edit Layout on the leftmost of the
ribbon. (DO NOT click Finish Layout)
20 Drag it up to the place as shown below. (The whole horizontal pipes move with it)
21 Continue to drag the horizontal main pipe up to the place as shown below.
Note! We have to drag them twice to get to the place shown below.
22 Select the vertical pipe as shown on the left figure, drag it right to the place as shown on
the right figure.
582 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
23 Select the vertical pipe as shown on the left figure, drag it left to the place as shown on
the right figure.
28 Click the bottom point of the Cross, right click mouse button, on Context Menu select
Draw Pipe, draw 150 mm main pipe down then left as shown.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 585
29 Same situation on the right side of building, change the Tee to Cross, then from the
bottom of Cross draw 150 mm main pipe down then right as shown.
586 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
30 Use the same method, on the upper left of building, change the Tee to Cross, then from
the top of Cross draw a 150 mm main pipe up as shown.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 587
32 As shown on the next three figures, change the horizontal Tee (┴) to Elbow (└), then
change the Elbow to vertical Tee (├).
588 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
33 From the bottom point of the Tee, use Drop Pipe method, draw 150 mm main pipe
down then left connecting to the left main pipe. (thus to avoid the lights and diffusers in
corridor)
34 Select the 150 mm fire riser at the lower right corner of the stairwell, move it left 15 cm,
then move it up 15 cm.
Notice! When we move the riser, the pipe connected to it also moves with it.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 589
35 Click Systems tab, select Pipe, from the left side main pipe draw another main pipe to
Front Entrance.
Thus we have finished all the main pipes for those sprinklers that haven’t connected yet.
36 Select the upper left sprinkler in 101 Office.
38 Then select the main pipe outside the office to connect them together.
590 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
39 Same situation, select the lower right sprinkler in 101 Office, use Connect Into method
to connect it to the same main pipe.
40 According to the red highlights, use Connect Into method to connect sprinklers to the
main pipes nearby.
41 Use Connect Into method to connect sprinklers in 103 Guest Room and 104 Office to the
branches in their neighbor offices.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 591
47 Select the sprinkler at the bottom of the figure; use Connect Into method to connect it
to the main pipe upper right.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 593
48 Select the sprinkler on the right; use Connect Into method to connect it upward to the
branch we just created.
49 Use the same methods, connect the left sprinkler into the main pipe, then connect the
fourth sprinkler upward to the branch above.
52 Click the right end of the Tee, use Draw Pipe method to draw a 90° pipe as shown.
53 Select the upright sprinkler above, use Connect Into method to connect it to the pipe
just drew.
6 - 4 Connect Sprinklers 595
56 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Ceiling Fire Protection under Ceiling Plans to return
to that view and take a look of the piping we did in 3D view (the red highlights).
Now we can see none of the sprinkler pipes bumps into lighting fixtures or diffusers.
596 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
In Elec/Mech room, the bottom of 1 lamp pendant light is 290 cm which is very close to the
height of sprinkler piping (280 cm). Therefore we went around that pendant light. But later
author found that we could alter the dropping distance of that pendant light, change it from
60 cm to 90 cm to make its bottom 260 cm, then we could run pipe directly through that
pendant light and connect to the sprinkler in the center, instead of running around it.
Readers can find the Connect Into tool of Revit is very useful.
4 Window select all sprinklers and pipes, hold Shift key, window select the rectangle
region to exclude the pipes and fittings inside that region.
598 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
7 On Options Bar, set Diameter to 25 mm for the pipes and fittings that we filtered.
Now all the pipes and fittings except those we held Shift key excluded are 25 mm in
diameter.
6 - 5 Modify Pipe Diameters 599
The reason we set the diameter of these pipes and fittings to 25 mm is because a large
portion of them are 25 mm, especially for those pendent sprinklers all have a short 25 mm
drop, thus save us a lot of time in resizing them (see the following steps).
9 On Options Bar under Modify | Multi-Select ribbon, set Diameter to 100 mm.
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10 Zoom in the lower left; select the red pipe and the tee at its left, on Options Bar set their
Diameter to 32 mm.
11 Select the red pipe and the tee at its left, on Options Bar set their Diameter to 40 mm.
6 - 5 Modify Pipe Diameters 601
12 Select the red pipes with tees and elbow, on Options Bar set their Diameter to 50 mm.
13 Select the red pipe and the tee at its right, on Options Bar set their Diameter to 40 mm.
602 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
14 Select the red pipe and the tee at its right, on Options Bar set their Diameter to 32 mm.
Since on plan view, some downward tee fittings are blocked by sprinklers that are difficult
to pick, so we switch to 3D view to overcome these kinds of situations.
16 Select the red pipe and window select the tee at its left, on Options Bar set their
Diameter to 32 mm.
17 Select three red pipes, two tees and one elbow, on Options Bar set their Diameter to 40
mm.
604 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
18 Select the red pipe and window select the cross at its left, on Options Bar set their
Diameter to 50 mm.
Use the methods above; follow the Sprinklers/Pipe diameter chart, either on floor plan or in
3D view, finish modifying the diameters of those pipes that need to be modified.
The modifications of sprinkler piping are tedious; also, it is difficult to distinguish their sizes
on drawing. But when all finished, in next section, we will use Tag tools to tag and verify the
sizes of these sprinkler pipes.
3 Type ZA (Zoom All) to zoom the entire model to fit the drawing area.
4 On View Control Bar, set Detail Level to Fine.
5 Click the Thin Lines button on Quick Toolbar.
6 Click the File Tab, select Options at bottom right. In Options dialog box, click Graphics on
the left, set Selection color back to blue, press OK.
606 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
9 Select the label text, then click Edit Type on Properties palette.
6 - 6 Tag Pipe Diameters 607
12 When Revit asks if you want to save changes to M_Pipe Size Tag.rfa? Press No.
13 In Family Already Exists dialog box, press Overwrite the existing version.
15 On the Options Bar under Modify | Tag ribbon, select Horizontal, uncheck Leader.
16 As shown below, click the midpoint of a vertical pipe to tag its diameter.
18 As shown below, continue to click the midpoints of horizontal pipes to tag their
diameters.
21 In Tag All Not Tagged dialog box, verify that Only selected objects in current view radio
button is on, find Pipe Tags category, verify M_Pipe Size Tag is the loaded tag, verify Tag
Orientation is Horizontal, press OK.
Now we see the selected vertical pipes all tagged with horizontal diameters.
610 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
Now we see the selected horizontal pipes all tagged with vertical diameters.
25 Use the methods above, refer to the figure below, try to use the most efficient way to
finish tagging all the horizontal and vertical pipes.
We can see some pipe tags are too close causing overlapping, and some pipes are too short
to be blocked by their tags.
612 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
Now all pipe tags (include the sprinkler heads) shrunk to half sizes, that reduce the
overlapping and blocking issues a bit.
27 Use VG to turn on c Office Building.rvt Revit Link that was turned off earlier.
6 - 7 Add Fire Cabinet 613
14 Click the Measure button on Quick Toolbar, measure the distance from floor to the
bottom of the fire cabinet.
616 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
15 Select the fire cabinet, on Properties palette, change its Elevation from 120 cm to 70 cm
(lower it down 50 cm).
16 Select the upper left connector of the cabinet, right click mouse button, on Context
Menu select Draw Pipe, in Family/Type Selector, select Pipe Types family Fire Protection
Wet type pipe, draw 65 mm pipe left then up as shown.
18 Click the blue mark on the corner of LEFT, BACK and TOP of 3D View Cube to switch to
that viewing angle.
22 On Modify | Pipe Fittings ribbon, select Connect Into, then select the highlighted pipe.
Now Revit generated a Z direction and a Y direction 3D pipe runs for us.
28 Select the gate valve just placed, click the rotate icon nearby to turn its wheel to the
front.
29 In Project Browser, double click 1 - Fire Protection under Floor Plans to return to plan
view and take a look of the pipe connection of fire cabinet.
620 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
30 In Project Browser, double click Section 1 under Sections to switch to that view.
31 Dimension the distance from floor to gate valve.
Now we have finished the Fire Protection Systems for the first floor.
Now the fire protection systems of first floor and second floor are stacked up, it’s hard to
distinguish them.
2 Select a pipe of second floor as the arrow pointed, press Tab key a few times can
highlight the entire fire protection systems of second floor.
5 Drag the bottom point of second floor fire riser to the top of the Tee we just converted.
6 Select the first floor fire riser, change its bottom offset to -90 cm.
6 - 8 Connect First and Second Floor Fire Protection Systems 625
7 Select the bottom point of first floor fire riser, right click mouse button, on Context
Menu select Draw Pipe, draw a 200 cm 90 degree segment as shown.
Thus we have finished the connection of first and second floor fire protection systems.
626 Chapter 6 Fire Protection Systems
8 On View Control Bar, set Visual Style to Shaded to take a look of shaded model.
1 Click the Collaborate tab, then click Interference Check, on drop down list select Run
Interference Check.
2 In Interference Check dialog box, verify that “Categories from” for both sides are:
Current Project, select all items (Air Terminals, Duct Fittings, Ducts, …) on both side,
then press OK.
7 - 2 Interference Check between Projects 631
Revit displays “No Interference detected!” message box, means within the project all
elements in these categories don’t have any interference with each other, press Close.
2 In Import/Link RVT dialog box, find and select the exercise file: \Fire Protection\09 Fire
Protection System Finished.rvt, then press Open.
3 When Revit displays the following message, press Close.
Now we have loaded the Fire Protection Systems into the drawing.
632 Chapter 7 Interference Check
4 Click the Collaborate tab again, click Interference Check, on drop down list select Run
Interference Check.
5 In Interference Check dialog box, on left side, set Current Project for Categories from,
select all items (Air Terminals, Duct Fittings, Ducts, …), on right side, set 09 Fire
Protection System Finished.rvt for Categories from, select all items (Mechanical
Equipment, Pipe Accessories, Pipe Fittings, Pipes, Sprinklers), then press OK.
A moment later Revit displays an Interference Report dialog box at upper left corner of the
screen.
6 In Interference Report dialog box, select Pipes : Pipe Types : Standard : id 954851 first,
then press Show button at lower left.
7 - 2 Interference Check between Projects 633
7 In Interference Report dialog box, select 09 Fire Protection Finished.rvt : Pipes : Pipe
Types : Fire Protection Wet : id 928793, but DO NOT press the Show button.
634 Chapter 7 Interference Check
Now we can see a highlighted fire riser, means that it has interfered with the previous
highlighted hydronic pipe.
10 Click the Collaborate tab again, click Interference Check, on drop list select Show Last
Report.
11 In Interference Report dialog box, select Pipes : Pipe Types : Standard : id 954851 again,
press Show button.
Now on floor plan view we see a hydronic return pipe ran into the fire riser in north
stairwell.
14 Select the interfered hydronic return pipe; press the Up key to push it close to the
hydronic supply pipe so that it no longer interference with the fire riser.
15 Click the Collaborate tab, click Interference Check, on drop down list select Run
Interference Check again.
638 Chapter 7 Interference Check
16 In Interference Check dialog box, like Step 5, on left side, set Current Project for
Categories from, select all items (Air Terminals, Duct Fittings, Ducts, …), on right side, set
09 Fire Protection System Finished.rvt for Categories from, select all items (Mechanical
Equipment, Pipe Accessories, Pipe Fittings, Pipes, Sprinklers), then press OK.
Revit displays “No Interference detected!” message box, means after we adjusted the
hydronic pipes, the interference with fire riser has solved, press Close.
18 In Manage Links dialog box, select 09 Fire Protection System Finished.rvt, press Unload
button.
7 - 2 Interference Check between Projects 639
Note: Although a Revit project can link (bring in) multiple projects, but when doing
interference check, Revit only compare the current model and one linked model.
Therefore we can not do interference check between the linked models.
Since author spent a lot of time in adjusting the piping and ductwork of the models used in
this book, readers probably won't find other interferences. But in real modeling situations,
we should always have Revit check the interferences of our models.
640
641
Appendix
Offset/Elevation Chart
The chart below tabulates the offsets or elevations of first floor equipment, fixtures, devices,
horizontal ducts and pipes.
Certifications
AutoCAD 2012 Certified Professional
Building Information Modeling (BIM) Certificate of Achievement