THE EFFECT OF USING TIC TAC TOE GAME TO SPEAKING

ACHIEVEMENT

Sri Lestari1, Endah Nur Tjendani 2, Dihliza Basya 3

Email: Tarcakey@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Speaking skills of english is considered tobe the chalenge of competence
for most students. This research was done by the researcher to improve the grade ten
students’ speaking achievement at SMK Plus Al Mujahidi Gumukmas Jember in the
Academic Year 2014/2015. Most of the students face some barriers to speak English
definitely. They need situation which can comfort their feeling whenever they face
learning time in the classroom. As a result, they want to act it out however they
prefer keep silence to make mistake. the researcher used Tic Tac Toe game as a
media. This research was done by using Experimental Research. The result of this
research could answer the problems of the students and the teachers. it can be
concluded that there was a significant effect of using Tic Tac Toe Game to speaking
achievement at SMK Plus Almujahidi Gumukmas. It was indicated by the sig. value
in the independents sample t-test. The sig. value was 0.010 (more than 0.05). It
means that Tic Tac Toe Game has a significant effect on students’ speaking
achievement at SMK Plus Almujahidi Gumukmas.
Keywords: Speaking Achievement, Tic Tac Toe Game.

ABSTRAK
Kemampuan berbicara bahasa inggris di anggap sebagai tantangan
berkompetensi bagi sebagian besar siswa. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk
mengembangkan pencapaian berbicara siswa kelas sepuluh di SMK Plus Almujahidi
Gumukmas Jember tahun ajaran 2014/2015. Sebagian besar siswa memiliki
rintangan untuk berbicara bahasa inggris dengan benar. Mereka membutuhkan situasi
yang nyaman ketika menghadapi pembelajaran di kelas. Yang nyatanya mereka
sebenarnya ingin menunjukkan kemampuan mereka di kelas, tetapi mereka lebih
memilih diam dari pada salah. Peneliti menngunakan permainan Tic Tac Toe sebagai
media di kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimental. Hasilnya dapat
menjawab permasalahan tersebut diatas baik bagi siswa maupun guru. Sehinnga
dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada efek yang signifikan dari penerapan permainan Tic Tac
Toe pada pencapaian kemampuan berbicara siswa di SMK Plus Almujahidi
Gumukmas. Hasil tersebut diindikasikan dengan nilai signifikansi pada uji tes T.
Nilai signifikansinya menunjukan 0.10 (melebihi 0.05). nilai tersebut berarti bahwa
permainan Tic Tac Toe memiliki efek yang signifikan pada pencapaian kemampuan
berbicara siswa di SMK Plus Al Mujahidi Gumukmas.
Kata kunci: Pencapaian Berbicara, Permainan Tic Tac Toe

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Student of English education program
2
Consultant 1
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Consultant 2
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Research Background
Entering globalization era,
problem of speaking skill occurs.
Foreign language learner especially
vocational high school students, it is
important for them to improve their
ability and their potency
communicate fluently preparing their
skill to enter the working world after
they graduate. Many students are
difficult to speak English even though
the government has created a slogan in
2009 sounds “SMK BISA!”
motivate them. In Indonesia, there are
two categories of secondary school,
namely Senior High School and
Vocational High School with two
different purposes as well. Senior high
School has a goal to prepare the
students to enter a university.
Meanwhile, vocational High School
has a goal to prepare the students to
enter a job field. Thus, the vocational
High school students need a specific
English lesson to reach that goal.
However, most of the students
face some barriers to speak English
definitely. They need situation which
can comfort their feeling whenever
they face learning time in
classroom. As a result, they want to
act it out however they prefer keep
silence to make mistake. It means they
actually have eagerness to develop
the
their speaking skill
Concerning with students’
difficulty in practicing speaking
English, the researcher tried to find an
to interesting technique for teaching
speaking. Then, the researcher decided
to use game. Almost people like game,
because game able to break their
boredom and it is possible to learn a
language as well as enjoy oneself at
to the same time. But it depends on the
appropriateness of the game and role
of the player.
According to the problem that is
faced by students above, the
researcher used Tic Tac Toe game as a
media to improve students speaking
skill. The researcher used this game to
break the boredom of student which
never they tried in the class before.
Tic Tac Toe game is originally board
game that using sign noughts and
cross. For example, teacher can draw
nine box frames and write different
word or categories in each box.
Groups have to make sentences or
the questions with the words and if they
get them right, they can put their
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symbol (O or X) on the square to draw Richards and Renandya (2002:
their winning. 204) state that effective oral
Research Problem communication requires the ability to
use the language appropriately in
Based on the background of the
social interactions that involves not
research above, the problem is: “Does
only verbal communication but also
the use of Tic Tac Toe Game have a
paralinguistic elements of speech such
significant effect to speaking
as pitch, stress, and intonation.
achievement at SMK Plus
Moreover, non-linguistic elements
Almujahidi”.
such as gestures, body language, and

Research Objectives expressions are needed in conveying

messages directly without any
The objective of the research is to accompanying speech. Brown (2007:
To describe whether or not the use of 237) states that social contact in
Tic Tac Toe game has a significant interactive language functions is a key
effect to speaking achievement at importance and in which it is not what
SMK Plus Almujahidi you say that counts but how you say it
what you convey with body language,
REVIEW OF RELATED
gestures, eye contact, physical
LITERATURE
distance and other nonverbal
a. Teaching Speaking messages.

Some definitions actually have

b. Teaching English in Vocational
been proposed by many experts in
High School
language learning.
In Indonesia, there are two
Gert and Hans (2008: 207) state categories of secondary school,
that speaking is speech or utterances namely Senior High School and
with the purpose of having intention to Vocational High School with two
be recognized by speaker and the different purposes as well. Teaching
receiver processes the statements in English in vocational high schools
order to recognize their intentions. should refer to the program study of
students who are being taught. The
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English teachers of vocational schools teachers have to make relax condition
have to teach about the language of in teaching learning process and to
English that is closely related to the create that kind of situation, game is
students major of study, for example, one technique that can be applied in
the teachers both explain and give the classroom.
information about the English d. Tic Tac Toe Game
expressions of handling guess to the
Tic Tac Toe is a board game that
hotel accommodations students.
can be played using the board or paper
Based on Permendikbud 2013
by drawing nine box frames. Then
no 70, 2013 (2013:24), English lesson
each box is written different words or
for grade ten students is given 2 hours
categories. Each player has to make
a week. The materials given consist of
sentences or questions with the words.
3 genres of text namely descriptive
If they get them right they can put
text, recount text, and narrative text,
symbol (0 or X) on the square.
some gambit or expression related to
Noughts and Crosses are games
the daily context. Basic Competency
that have been played in the United
which the research focus on are the
Kingdom for several centuries, even
Standard of Content in the English
precise history seems to be unknown.
subject, particularly the English
The game has become known (perhaps
speaking lesson to the tenth grade
more popularly) as Tic Tac Toe in
students of the first semester at SMK
American English. It may be that the
Plus Almujahidi. It is also limited to
ancient Roman game of Terni Lapilli
the scope of expressing meanings in
was an identical game although the
spoken and written text in the context
evidence is somewhat mixed. It is
of daily life.
certainly true that identical grids to the
noughts and crosses grid have been
c. Game
found scratched and etched into
Game is an activity which is
surfaces all over the ancient Roman
entertaining and engaging, often
Empire. However, not a single nought
challenging, and an activity in which
or cross have been found to confirm
the learners play and usually interact
the link. It seems probable that Terni
with others. Based on this definition,
Lapilli was played with simple pieces
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and may have been played with the Whatever kinds of tic tac toe the basic
same rules. procedure is always the way to run the
game. The display capacity this game
There are many kinds of Tic
almost the same with the tic tac toe
Tac Toe to teach game nowadays to be
game online
means of learning language especially
Tic Tac Toe has easy, medium,
English. They are:
and hard playing. So it can be applied
1) Tic tac toe game online
for every age by using some
This game is an interactive game
procedures. Nevertheless, teacher
of good old fashioned tic-tac-toe. The
should pay attention to student’s
game includes automatic scoring and
capability in playing this game. The
alternating "first moves". There are
turn taking time must be estimated to
many game online sites include this
use this game. Each student in the
game with 2 players, three players,
group can use this game as a try out to
and single player choice. If this game
win the game.
is played optimally by both players, it
RESEARCH METHODS
will make a tie. However, many
players still enjoy it. And this game Research Design
can be made more complex by
The researcher in this study was
increasing the size of boxes in the
intended to use the experimental
display. The features of this game also
research design. This design was
will differ with other type such as the
chosen because the researcher wanted
using of button click by mouse.
to know whether Tic Tac Toe game
2) Tic tac toe game for Android
can improve the tenth year students’
This game is just the same with
speaking achievement at SMK Plus
other popular game which can be
Almujahidi Gumukmas or not. More
downloaded and played in the smart
specifically, the researcher used True
phone or tablet PC. The rule to play is
experimental design with Posttest-
the same with the online one. Tic Tac
Only Control Group Design.
Toe has easy, medium, and hard
This research design used two
playing. So it can be applied for every
classes as the experimental class and
age by using the basic procedures.
the control class from the four
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available classes of grade ten in SMK
Plus Almujahidi Gumukmas
2013/2014 academic year. The two
classes were selected from the same
class of Accounting Program
randomly. The first class chosen was
treated as the experimental class and
the second class was treated as the
control class. In this research, the
experimental class was given
treatment by using the Tic Tac Toe
Game to develop their speaking
achievement; while the control class
received no treatment, which meant
the teacher in this class taught
speaking by using common technique
used by the English teacher in that
school.
Research Variable
The variables of this research
are Tic Tac Toe game and Speaking
achievement. The Tic Tac Toe game
as the independent variable while
speaking achievement as
dependent variable
Operational Definition
This research used experimental
research. This method is chosen
because it was intended to improve the
grade X Students’ speaking
achievement by using Tic Tac Toe
game at SMK Plus Al Mujahidi
in Gumukmas Jember. This research
design chosen was the appropriate
research design to improve the
students’ speaking achievement in the
classroom.
Most of the students’ problem to
speak English is they feel afraid of
being mistakes to say a single or some
a words and they are very shy. So in this
research the researcher applied the
game to help or stimulate the students.
It means that the game is used to
stimulate the students’ willingness
easily.
Population and Sample
The population of this research
was all of the first year students in one
of the vocational schools in
Gumukmas who were registered in
academic year 2014/2015. There are
three programs study in this school
namely TSM, Pemasaran, and
the
Akuntansi. Only Akuntansi programs’
study that contains two classes, they
are XAK1 and XAK2. Therefore, the
total population of this research is 130
students. The sampling technique of
this research was the purposive
sampling. It means that in determining
the sample class was based on the
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purpose of the study. In this study, the
researcher used class XAK1 as the
experimental class, while XAK2 as the
control group. But the researcher took
50 students from two classes. They are
25 students of XAK1 and 25 from
XAK2. The other reason is the score
of class XAK1 is best from other class
X in SMK Plus Almujahidi. That is
why the researcher chooses the class
to be experimental class. This is taken
from previous the English teachers’
document.
Data Collecting Method
1. Observation
The researcher observed
classroom activity in order to get data
needed. To carry out this observation
checklist was made in this research as
a process of monitoring teaching
learning activities.
2. Test
To measure students’ speaking
achievement, the researcher was used
test in this research after giving
treatment for the experimental class.
The treatment here was teaching
speaking by using Tic tac toe game
while for the control class was given
no treatment. After giving a treatment
for four times, the researcher
conducted a posttest. The posttest was
administered for experimental class
and the control class.
The test was students oral test
through tic tac toe game. In tic tac toe
game technique, the students must do
the conversation as they turn in the
game that was chosen by the
representative of the group.
Data Analysis Method
Post-Test Only Control Group
Design was used in this research. This
design was used to compare the mean
score of the experimental class and the
mean score of the control class.
the
After the treatment given, then
data obtained from post-test were
analysed by using independent sample
t-test in SPSS software with 5%
significant level.
The procedures to analyse data were:
a. Entering the data of the
experimental and control class to
SPSS ver.16 data editor
b. Examining the data difference of
both data by using Analyse-
compare means-independent
sample t-test;
c. All data in the SPSS program was
read as number, thus defining the
groups into numbers; group 1 for
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 the experimental class and group 2 students’ speaking achievement.
for the control class Students were being enthusiastic in
d. Determining the 95% confidence teaching and learning process by using
Interval of the Difference game. Most of students active in
e. The first output showed the group respond to students or teacher
statistic which used to interpret question. Students also could express
mean score and standard deviation and respond the expression by using
of each group or class variety of complimenting aspects.
f. The second output showed The result of data analysis
independent Samples Test to showed that the Tic tac toe Game had
interpret the value of t, degree of a significant effect on students’
freedom (df) and significant speaking achievement. It can be seen
level/probabilities (2-tailed) of the in the significant column value of t-
data. By comparing the significant test. The significant value on the t-test
level/probabilities(Sig), the was 0.010 and it was less than 0.05. It
decision of hypothesis can be indicated that the result of t-test
taken: analysis was significant. So, it proved
If probabilities (Sig) < 5% the that there was a significant mean
hypothesis is accepted and the difference between the experimental
result of the research is and the control class. The result of the
significant research showed that the experimental
If probabilities (Sig) > 5% the class got better scores in speaking
hypothesis is rejected and the achievement than the control class. It
result of the research is not happened because the students who
significant were taught speaking by using the Tic
tac toe Game said that they were
Discussion easier to make the dialogue over and
After the researcher implemented Tic over in the situation to compete each
Tac Toe game in teaching expression group.
and the respond for paying There were many factors that
compliment, she got the data. There influenced the result of study. One of
was significant effect from the the factors was teaching aid or media.
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When a teacher employed an Game to speaking achievement at
appropriate teaching aid or media that SMK Plus Almujahidi Gumukmas. It
is suitable with the method, the was indicated by the sig. value in the
students enjoyed the lesson. Based on independents sample t-test. The sig.
the test result that had been done, it value was 0.010 (more than 0.05). It
can be described that using Tic Tac means that Tic Tac Toe Game has a
Toe game as a teaching media in the significant effect on students’
process of learning English at SMK speaking achievement at SMK Plus
Plus AlMujahidi could improve Almujahidi Gumukmas. It showed that
students’ speaking achievement. Tic Tac Toe Game more effective than
Actually, the use of appropriate the technique used by the teacher in
teaching media made students easy to SMK Plus Almujahidi.
understand material that is delivered
by the teacher. Learning used game is
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