CHAPTER I

The Problem and Background of the Study

INTRODUCTION

The researchers chose this topic because of their own experiences in high school.

Vices for students today became a way for them to escape their problems or realities in

life. This research will tackle about the components that make alcohol and cigarettes

addictive. Vices are a ticket to destroy one’s life, being addicted to this removes your

freedom to think for yourself. This research will also talk about smoking and drinking and

how it could affect a student’s lifestyle and find out what would be the possible reasons or

influences for them to give into these vices such as alcohol and cigarettes.

This study will be based on the students of College of San Benildo from grades 8-

10. It also aims to inform the next generation of students about different effects of smoking

and drinking alcohol to one’s social and psychological state. The researchers would also

like to know if there is a decline in the number of students that do vices. For the past school

years, there were a great number of students that did vices. If this kind of behaviour is

relevant among students it needs to be addressed by the school.

The researchers want to let students know that they should not succumb to the

bliss of smoking and drinking. The researchers want to find different alternatives to this.

The researchers are aware of how hard it is to stop doing this once a person started to do

vices. In the Philippines smoking is very uncontrolled, even when President Duterte banned

smoking you will see cigarette buds almost everywhere. Smoking does not only affect the

smoker but it also affects people around the smoker. A person who does not smoke can

develop Cancer by just the inhalation of second hand smoke.

1
Conceptual Framework

Vices

According to the dictionary vices is an immoral or wicked behaviour. Simply vices

are the things that a person does repeatedly that could affect their lifestyle in a bad way.

It can be something that one person thought to be good because it is done so many times,

where in fact it is something bad. Having vices can distract a person from finishing one

thing. Vices refrains us from thinking between right or wrong, when one person starts to do

his/her vice it will start eating their time. One stick can turn into 2 sticks, 2 sticks can turn

into a whole pack, where one bottle can turn into a bucket.

Having vice/vices is like having a defect, when a machine has a defect it will not

be able to do what it needs to be done. If it will be able to work it will not be efficient and

the quality of work will not be the same, this is also same with humans. Vices does not

improve a person they only downgrade him/her. This research will tackle about smoking

and drinking only.

Smoking

Cigarettes are very addictive because it contains nicotine which is both a sedative

and a stimulant. When a body is exposed to nicotine, the individual experiences a "kick."

This is partly caused by nicotine stimulating the adrenal glands, which results in the release

of adrenaline. This surge of adrenaline stimulates the body. There is an immediate release

of glucose, as well as an increase in heart rate, breathing activity, and increase in blood

pressure.

Nicotine also makes the pancreas produce less insulin, causing a slight increase in blood

sugar or glucose. Indirectly, nicotine causes the release of dopamine in the pleasure and

motivation areas of the brain. Dopamine is a brain chemical that affects emotions,

movements, and sensations of pleasure and pain. If your brain dopamine levels rise, the

2
feeling of contentment is higher. Dopamine is a brain chemical that affects emotions,

movements, and sensations of pleasure and pain. If your brain dopamine levels rise, the

feeling of contentment is higher.

It is also said that smoking may lower risks of knee replacement, Parkinson’s disease,

obesity, and alleviates ulcerative colitis. Having these positive effects still does not make

smoking good

Alcohol

Research suggests that alcohol increases the production of endorphins. These are

the brain’s natural painkillers. They are also associated with pleasure and reward. They

tend to accumulate within the portions of the brain linked to addictive behaviors. In

essence, alcohol can make the brain tell lies. The brain says there’s an intense amount of

pleasure going on when alcohol is consumed. In reality, however, there is no external cause

for this response. At the same time, alcohol is turning off portions of the brain that handle

other important functions, like impulse control and decision making. Together, this

chemical activity can lead to even more drinking. An interesting study published in Science

Translational Medicine found that people who drink heavily have higher spikes in

endorphins compared to people who are not heavy drinkers.

Drinking alcohol may offer some health benefits, especially for your heart. On the other

hand, too much alcohol may increase your risk of health problems and damage your heart.

When it comes to alcohol, the key is moderation. Certainly, you don't have to drink any

alcohol, and if you currently don't drink, don't start drinking for the possible health benefits.

Moderate consumption of alcohol can reduce the risk of developing and dying from heart

disease, risk of diabetes, decrease chances of developing dementia, risk of gallstponees

Drinking and smoking for some people has become the way to socialize with one another.

For teens today it is a way for them to escape their problems. Some do this because of

3
pressure, but is that enough of a reason to do vices? People know that this is bad but why

do they do it? What would be the influences.

Influences

There are a lot of possible influences for vices, students can be influenced by their

group of friends, family, community, culture or curiosity. Teens tend to mirror the people

around them. If you are in a group that do vices, chances are you will start doing vices as

well. Friends play a big role in one’s life because they are the ones who are always there

for you.

Most teens also start doing this because of their own curiosity. Just to know what it tastes

like or to know what makes it so addictive. Some just wants to try new things other

influences could also be celebrities, students idolize these people and most celebrities will

always include vices in their songs. This gives teens the idea of starting smoking and

drinking.

Conceptual paradigm

Figure 1:

Vices

Smoking Influences Drinking

Positive Negative Negative Positive

4
Statement of the problem.

This study aims to answer the following questions:

1. Who are the main influencers of teens that will trigger them to start doing vices?

2. Which gender group are mostly doing vices?

3. At what age do teens mostly start to do vices?

4. At what grade are vices widespread?

5. Is smoking and drinking still widespread today?

Scope and Delimitation

The study will tackle vices such as smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol only. Vices

are not just smoking and drinking, but it is a wide range of acts that can be seen as a bad

behaviour. The researchers only picked smoking and drinking as their main vices because

other vices such as drugs, gambling and many more, are not as common as smoking and

drinking in generation of teens today. The surveys that will be conducted are only given and

limited to the grades 8-10 of College of San Benildo - Rizal. The range of the students’ ages

will be from 13 - 16 yrs/o.

Significance of the study

Teens and people who cannot quit from doing vices will benefit from this study. For

they will be informed on how widespread vices are in today's society. This study will give

information about why students’ do these vices specifically smoking and drinking alcohol.

When a person is knowledgeable about this, they will know what to avoid and know what

to stay away from. They will learn to choose the group of people that they are in because

peer pressure plays a big role in influencing a person.

The school will also benefit from this because it will give them an idea if its’ students do

vices. This study could also inform the school about how much of the student population

5
are doing it. A program or symposium should be held for the students to really understand

it deeper.

Definition of terms

Nicotine - an addictive substance that is mainly taken in through the lungs through

smoking tobacco products.

Rampant - getting worse quickly and in an uncontrolled way

Tobacco- a preparation of the nicotine-rich leaves of an American plant, which are cured

by a process of drying and fermentation for smoking or chewing.

Vices - an immoral or wicked behaviour/personal characteristics.

6
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents the literature reviewed by the researchers that is related to

the present study. The review of related literature aims to present different information

about the same area of study. It should also help them see what vices can do to a person.

Conceptual Literature

According to a study by the grade 10 students of 2017-2018 titled The Important

Factors that affect a Student’s Academic Performance “The student’s vices have great

effects on his/her learning. May it be alcohol drinking, smoking, drugs. Etc. it still has a

great effect on his/her health. It also alters the student’s ability to focus on his/her studies

& set his/her priorities.” (page 3)

This study simply shows what vices can do to a student that is studying. This can affect

them badly in their academic performance. Not just that but it also affects their health in

many ways. This will hinder student’s from finishing tasks that must be done

According to a study by Eric A. Feldman & Ronald Bayer titled “Unfiltered: conflicts

over tobacco policy and public health (2004) during the 1950’s, scientists found out that

smoking caused cancer, heart diseases and other health problems. Smoking has also

been responsible for millions of premature deaths.

Research Literature

According to a study by Dr. Anna Bellatorre, Dr. Kelvin Choi and Dr. Debre Bernat

(2015) that smoking among youth is becoming an important public health concern in the

Unites States. It is stated here that “Youth smoking is a complex with multilevel influences”

smoking among youth are mostly influenced by their peers. According to the study there

are two ways a person can be influenced by their peers; direct and indirect. It is direct when

7
a person has an engagement with a smoker and tries it, Where if it’s indirect it is when a

smoker influences another person through conversing with them.

Reference: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4679461/

According to a study by Monica Swahn, Jane Palmier, Agnes Benegas-Segarra and

Fe A Sinson (2013) that the marketing of alcohol is inclined with the consumption of

alcohol by the youth. The study strongly implies that there must be more policies

implemented towards restricting alcohol marketing practices to prevent the youth from

being influenced to try vices. In the study, the researchers found that marketing of alcohol

is very widespread in social media, as we all know most teens have an interaction online.

“Alcohol company sponsorship of sports and cultural events is a major marketing strategy,

which is under-researched and rarely addressed by policy maker. Sponsorships at sports

events in particular (which attract more young people) provide promotional opportunities

that imprint brand names and products on young consumers and potential customers.”

From this statement the researchers can say that brands are more interested into making

profit and putting their brand out there. Well that is what some business would do they

would do everything just to earn profit. But the brands that do this are overseeing the fact

that their market are just not adults but also teens that are impulsively making decisions

for themselves.

Reference: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3890547/

According to Psychology Today an adolescent is between the ages 13 and 19, it states that

“…the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood.” Adolescent period is the time for

discovery. These are the times wherein a person will encounter changes and start to try

different things with his/her peers, they will be facing challenges where their ability to

choose from right and wrong is tested.

https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/basics/adolescence

8
 According to a study by Joyce P. Valbuena entitled “Alcohol and media: The

situation in the Philippines” She talks about how teens are able to obtain alcohol even if

there is a law that minors are not allowed to buy. It is either they secretly get from their

parents or discreetly buy for themselves. Also found in her study that teens are mostly

influenced by the people close to them and of course the mass media. In her study she

also talks about how beer or alcoholic beverages are very essential for different occasions.

“Even when there is no special occasion, many Filipinos hang out together in the streets,

in front of their houses…” From her study it can be seen that drinking alcoholic beverages

has been a tradition among Filipinos. Another point in her study is that the causes of violent

acts towards other people is because of the habit of drinking and getting intoxicated. She

also said in her study that “Advertising: Image is Everything” she explains here how mass

media plays in a big role in promoting alcoholic beverages. Because of these advertising

campaigns they are able to persuade most people to drink alcoholic beverages, stated by

Joyce. “Alcohol advertisements present a direct link between alcohol and happiness,

sexual conquest, success, and excitement. Alcohol drinkers are portrayed as heroic,

attractive, athletic, or successful.” –Joyce P. Valbuena

http://apapaonline.org/data/National_Data/Philippines/Alcohol_Media_Philippines.pdf

According to an article on https://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/chapter-5-

uptake/5-16-smoking-in-movies-tv-and-other-pop, it was stated here that movies has been

a way to promote smoking for many decades. It is also stated that “smoking with glamour,

sexual appeal and romance, rebelliousness, independence and machismo.” This is how

movies portrayed smoking but rarely showed the real consequences of smoking.

Synthesis

The researchers agreed that the youth can be influenced by a lot of things today

especially when they are surfing around the net. Since there are no restrictions in

marketing alcohol it would be much easier for the youth to stumble upon this.

Advertisements of brands on social media about alcohol can sometimes be over

9
exaggerating so that it will attract more people. Another is peer influence, the youth are

mostly spending their days with their friends and their family and there will be a scenario

wherein one if his/her friends or relatives start doing vices this person doing vices will

somewhat influence the people around directly or indirectly. A person that does this does

not only endanger his/herself, but could also endanger the people around them. When a

person is intoxicated, there is a tendency for them to lose control and hurt people. Now

when a person smokes tobacco this can cause second hand smoking that can harmful

effects on other people’s health. From the studies, parent’s should always check on their

children especially the things their children see on social media and avoid drinking in front

of their children. As for the teens well they must always know what is the difference from

right and wrong.

10
 Chapter III

Research Methods and Procedures

Chapter III of the research will talk about where the study was taken, its

respondents, and methods used to gather the required data to support the study.

Research Method

To gain more information on what are the main influences of students that do vices.

The researchers made sure that there are 120 questionnaires, 40 for each grade level with

22 questions.

Setting of the Study

The study will be conducted inside the College of San Benildo-Rizal Junior High

School Campus. College of San Benildo – Rizal is a Catholic institution that envisions itself

as a Center of Excellence in Teaching and Learning that offers a quality, human and

Christian education geared towards the holistic formation of every individual. It still

remains to be dedicated to transform students into life-long learners, critical thinkers and

creative decision makers who are imbued with the Gospel values and are committed to the

service of the local community and the country as a whole. It also commits itself to:

Recognize the uniqueness and giftedness of every child, form learners through a quality,

human and Christian education, bring out the best in every learner using a developmentally

appropriate curriculum, innovative approaches and multimedia techniques, and Foster a

culture of excellence coupled with strength of character, sound values formation, sincerity

in purpose and service for the country.

College of San Benildo is composed of Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 10

students. For Grade 7, 7-A has 37 students, 7-B has 37 students, 7-C has 37 students, 7-

D has 36 students, 7-E has 37 students, making it 184 students in Grade 7. For Grade 8,

8-A has 36 students, 8-B has 35 students 8-C has 35 students, 8-D has 35 students and

8-E has 35 students, making it 176 students for grade 8. For Grade 9, 9-A has 42 students,

11
9-B has 41 students, 9-C has 40 students, 9-D has 40 students, 9-E has 40 students, that

makes 203 students in total for grade 9. For Grade 10, 10-A has 38 students, 10-B has

38 students, 10-C has 38 students, 10-D has 38 students as well as 10-E, that makes 190

students for grade 10. That is a total 753 students in the Junior High School.

Respondents

The researchers decided to give out the questionnaires to Grades 8, 9, 10 as the

respondents for this study because they are more likely to be influenced to do vices by their

peers because this is the time where they start to explore different things and are more

exposed to social media. For Grade 8 we gave out 40 questionnaires for each grade level,

both male and female students will answer the survey. For grade 8 we gave it to 8-B, for

Grade 9 we gave it to 9-A and for Grade 10 we gave it to 10-C and E.

Instrument

Survey questionnaires were given out to the respondents to gather data needed

for the study. The survey asks if the respondent are doing any vices. It also involves

questions regarding the students’ consumption of cigarettes and alcohol. It also asks about

what are the reasons or influences for them to start doing this. Each question has a choice

of yes and no. For some questions, the researchers left a space for the respondents to

express their answer more.

TABLE 1

Frequency Distribution of Population and Sample by Grade Level

GRADE LEVEL & POPULATION SAMPLE PERCENTAGE

SECTION

Grade 8 176 31 4.12%

Grade 9 203 35 4.65%

Grade 10 190 40 5.31%

Total: 596 106 79.15%

12
 Table 2

Frequency Distribution of Respondents, According to Grade level and Gender

GRADE LEVEL AND MALE FEMALE TOTAL PERCENTAGE

SECTION

F P F P

Grade 8 17 16% 14 13% 31 29%

Grade 9 24 23% 11 10% 35 33%

Grade 10 25 24% 15 14% 40 38%

TOTAL 66 63% 40 37% 106 100%

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers depended on the survey that they gave out to the selected

sections to gather the data needed for the study. The researchers personally gave out the

survey questionnaires to each classroom, before going in the researchers asked

permission from the class adviser if they could conduct a survey. After the questionnaires

have been answered by the respondents, the results were tallied.

Statistical Analysis of Data

After the researchers gathered all of the questionnaires, the questionnaires were

numbered from 1 to 106. The matrix contains the respondents’ number and their answers,

which will help when the researchers will analyse the data collected. To get the percentages

of the answers we used an online website called percentagecalculator.net

(https://percentagecalculator.net) to make the computations faster and easier because

the researchers were very behind on schedule.

13
 Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

In this chapter, the researchers will discuss the gathered data through the survey

questionnaires. The researchers will analyse and compare the results to answer each

question found in the survey to come up with a conclusion. The researchers were able to

get 31 answered questionnaires from the Grade 8, 35 in Grade 9 and 40 from the Grade

10 students, totalling 106 questionnaires answered 66 males and 40 females.

Question 1: Do you consider smoking and drinking cool?

Figure 1

Yes
15%

No
85%

Yes No

From the data gathered, it shows that from 107 respondents 16 students shaded

“No” with a percentage of 85% and 91 students shaded “Yes” with a percentage of 15%.

The purpose of this question is to find out whether the respondents are aware of the

consequences if they do vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 16 15%

No 90 85%

Total: 106 100%

14
 Question 2: Are your peers doing any of these vices?

Figure 2.1

No
43%
Yes
57%

Yes No

2.2
20

15

10

0
Grade 8 (Y) Grade 9 (Y) Grade 10 (Y) Grade 8 (N) Grade 9 (N) Grade 10 (N)

Male Female

From the data gathered, it shows that out of 106 respondents 60 students shaded

“Yes”, which has a percentage of 57%. While 47 students shaded “No” which is 43% of the

pie chart. Now the results on bar the graph shows which gender group is more in a

community that do vices in each batch, the most students that have friends and peers that

do vices are in Grades 9 and 10. In grade 9 that has a total of 35 respondents, wherein 20

of them shaded “Yes” and in Grade 10 with a total of 40 respondents, 31 shaded “Yes”.

The purpose of this question is to find out if the students of San Benildo are in a community

of people doing vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 60 57%

No 46 43%

Total: 106 100%

15
Question 3: Answers the question whether they are planning to do vices

Figure 3.1

Yes
27%

No
73%

Yes No

Chart Title
20 16%
15 11%
10
5
0
Category 1

Series 1 Series 2

From the data gathered out of 106 respondents, 73% of it composing of 77

students are not planning to try these vices. While 27% that composes of 29 students are

planning to try it. Which composes of 17 males and 12 females. The common reasons for

the students that shaded “Yes” to this question is that they just want to experience it and

a respondent said that, “there is nothing wrong with it unless you are with the right people”.

Some said they will try it in a legal age which is 18 years old or with their parents consent.

Fortunately, only a small percentage of the respondents are interested in to trying vices in

their life. The purpose of this question is to find out how many students want to try vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 29 27%

No 77 73%

Total: 106 100%

16
 Question 4: What would be the possible influences for the student to start doing vices?

Figure 4
40 37
35
30
30
25
20
20 17
15
10 7
5 3 2 2
0
Family and relatives Friends and peers Celebrities Others

Male Female

*In this question, the respondents can choose more that one of the given choices.

From the data gathered, the researchers can see that the most students think that

their possible influencers are their families and friends, which is 88%. It is also seen that

a few students chose that their possible influencers are celebrities. The students that

chose others stated they would probably do vices out of curiosity. The researchers can say

how a student interacts with their family and friends plays a big role in how they will act,

whatever the student observes around him/her can trigger them to do such things, this

may be good or bad acts. The purpose of this question is to find out from whom the

respondents think they are most likely to be influenced to do vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage Rank

Family and relatives 47 40% 2

Friends and peers 57 48% 1

Celebrities 10 9% 3

Others 4 3% 4

Total: 117 100%

17
 Question 5: Are vices good or bad?

Figure 5

Good
13%

Bad
87%

Good Bad

From the data gathered, it shows that the obvious answer to this question is “Bad”

and 87% that consists of 92 students, shaded this. While 13% that composes of 14

students, shaded “Good”. This shows that the majority of the respondents know that vices

are not good. The purpose of this question is to find out whether the respondents are aware

of the consequences if they do vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Good 14 13%

Bad 92 87%

Total: 106 100%

18
 Question 6: Is drinking a way of socializing today, do you agree?

Figure 6

No
43% Yes
57%

Yes No

The results show that the students are divided almost by half, out of 106

respondents the ones that chose “Yes” is 57% composing of 60 students, leaving with 43%

composing of 46 students choosing that drinking is not a way to socialize today. The

common answer of the respondents that chose “Yes” is that drinking adds to the fun factor

when people are gathering. One respondent said that drinking is for him/her to gain

confidence.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 60 57%

No 46 43%

Total: 106 100%

Question 7: If you do any vices why do you do it?

This question is opinionated, the researchers left a space for the respondent to

answer. The results show that the respondents do this because of occasions with their

family. Others do it to cope with their loneliness, have fun and to relieve their stress.

Some of them do vices because of their friends and peers and others just want to

experience it now so that they would not be addicted in the future, it is for them to have

tolerance in drinking. For others it is their way to gain confidence in a place out of their

comfort zones. Lastly, others do this because it is out of their curiosity.

19
 Question 8: Do you know anyone who is addicted to any of these vices?

Figure 7

No
28%

Yes
72%

Yes No

The results say that out of 106 respondents, 72% composing of 76 students know

someone who is addicted to vices while 28% composing of 30 students do not know

anyone who is addicted to vices. The person that knows someone who do this will see what

can potentially happen to them when they decide to do it. The purpose of this question is

to find out how many respondents know someone that is addicted to vices for these people

could be potential.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 76 72%

No 30 28%

Total: 106 100%

20
 Question 9: Are you sometimes being tempted to do any of these vices?

Figure 8
50
45 43

40
35
30
25 23
20 20
20
15
10
5
0
Yes No

Male Female

The results say that out of 106 respondents, 23 out of 66 males are being tempted

to do vices and 43. While females on the other hand, 20 out of 40 females are being

tempted to do vices and 20 females are not being tempted to do vices. Data shows that

most students are not being tempted to do vices. The purpose of this question is to find

out which of the gender group are being tempted more to do vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes (M) 23 21% No 43 40%

Yes (F) 20 19% No 20 19%

Total: 43 40% Total: 63 59%

21
 Question 10: Do you smoke?

Figure 9
2.5

1.5

0.5

0
Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10

Male Female

Results say that out of 106 respondents there are 7 students that smoke

cigarettes. 2, from Grade 8 a male and a female, 1 from Grade 9 one female and 4 from

the Grade 10, 2 for each gender. That makes out of 66 males 3 of them smokes cigarettes

and out of 40 females 4 are smoking. The purpose of this question is to find out if there

are any smokers in San Benildo.

Answer Frequency Percentage Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes (M) 3 3% No 63 59%

Yes (F) 4 4% No 36 34%

Total: 7 7% Total: 99 93%

22
 Question 11: Do you drink any alcoholic beverages?

Figure 10
12

10

0
Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10

Male Female

Results say that out of the 106 respondents 39 students drink alcoholic beverages.

In Grade 8 there are 8 out of 32 students (3 males and 5 females) drink alcoholic

beverages while in Grade 9 there are 12 out of 35 students (6 males and 6 females) and

in grade 10 there are 19 out of 40 students (10 males 9 females). Bringing in 19 males

and 20 females. The purpose of this question is to find out how many students in San

Benildo are drinking alcoholic beverages.

Answer Frequency Percentage Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes (M) 19 18% No 47 44%

Yes (F) 20 19% No 20 19%

Total: 39 37% Total: 67 63%

23
 Question 12: At what age did you start doing these vices?

Figure 11
15

10

0
6 to 7 8 to 9 10 to 11 12 to 13 14 to 15 16 to 17

Male (D) Female (D) Male (S) Female (s)

Results say that out of 106 respondents, most students started to do drink

alcoholic beverages during the ages 12 and 13 this consists of 7 males and 11 females.

Others started during the ages of 14 and 15 which consists of 6 males and 7 females.

Some started during the ages of 16 and 17 which consists of 2 males and a female. 2

males started drinking at the age of 8 and 9. According to the graph more females are

drinking than males. Lastly, a few students started to drink at the age of 6-7 which are 2

males. For the ones that smoke started smoking at ages 10 and 11 others started at

ages 14 and 15. The purpose of this question is to find out what is the common age

where teens start to drink alcoholic beverages.

Answer Frequency P Frequency P Frequency P Frequency P

Male Female Male Female

(Drinking) (Drinking) (Smoking) (Smoking)

6-7 2 10.53% 0 -- 0 -- 0 --

8-9 2 10.53% 0 -- 0 -- 0 --

10-11 0 -- 1 5% 1 50% 1 20%

12-13 7 36.84% 11 55% 0 -- 3 60%

14-15 6 31.56% 7 35% 1 50% 1 20%

16-17 2 10.53% 1 5% 0 -- 0

Total: 19 100% 20 100% 2 100% 5 100%

24
 Question 13: From whom did you learn to do these vices?

Figure 12
16
14
14
12
10
10 9
8
8
6
4
2 1
0 0 0
0
Family and relatives Friends and peers Celebrities Others

Male Female

Results say that out of the 46 respondents that shaded “Yes” on either questions

10 and 11, about 22 students (8 male and 14 female) said that they learned these vices

from their Family making up 48% of the respondents. Moreover, it is shown that 41 % which

are 19 students (10 male and 9 female) learned vices through their peers. Only one

student said that they learned through icons or celebrities while there is one who shaded

“Others” and wrote down it was all out of curiosity. It is also shown, that more than half of

the students learned vices through family and relatives making family a large impact or

influence in these vices possibly for simply allowing their children to do it or the family

themselves thought their children to do it. The purpose of this question is to find out which

people do students learn these vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage Rank

Family and relatives 22 48% 1

Friends and peers 19 41% 2

Celebrities 1 2% 3

Others 1 2% 3

NA 3 7%

Total: 46 100%

25
 Question 14: Do you get satisfied from doing these vices?

Figure 13

15%

52%
33%

Yes No NA

Results say that out of the 46 respondents that shaded “Yes” to either questions

10 11, 52% gets satisfied in doing these vices while 33% of students said that they doesn’t

get satisfied by doing these vices. There are 7 out of the 46 respondents that did not

answer this question. The purpose of this question is whether to find out the students that

shaded "Yes" to doing vices are satisfied by it.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 24 52%

No 15 33%

NA 7 15%

Total: 46 100%

26
 Question 15: How often do you drink in a month?

Figure 14
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 to 3 4 to 6 5 to 9 10 and above

Male Female

Results say that out 106 respondents, 24 (12 for each sex) students drink 1-3

times a month making up 22.64% of the respondents while 3 (2 male and 1 female)

students drink 4-6 times a month making up 2.83% of the respondents. Meanwhile only 1

student (female) said that she drinks 5-9 times a month and 3 students (2 male and 1

female) said that they drink more than 10 times while the rest answered “0”. There are a

few students that shaded “Yes” to the question “Do you drink any alcoholic beverages?”

But on the question “How many times do you drink in a month?” They shaded 0, what the

researchers can get from that is they only drink alcoholic beverages during special

occasions, which does not happen every month. This survey question aims to know how

many times a student drinks in a month.

Answer Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

Male Female

0 50 47.17 % 25 23.58%

1-3 12 11.32% 12 11.32%

4-6 2 1.89% 1 0.94 %

5-9 0 -- 1 0.94%

10 + 2 1.89% 1 0.94%

Total: 66 62.27% 40 37.72%

27
 Question 16: How often do you smoke in a week?

Figure 15
2.5

1.5

0.5

0
0 1 to 3 4 to 6 5 to 9 10 to 15 1 pack

Male Female

Results show that out of 106 respondents 3.78% 1-3 cigarettes in a week, 2 males

and 2 females smoke. While 1.88%, smoke a pack in a week 1 male and 1 female. There

is one female that shaded that she smokes cigarettes in question 12 but when it comes to

this question, she shaded 0. The purpose of this question is to find out how many of the

students that shaded “Yes” on number 12 smoke in a week.

Answer Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage

Male Female

0 63 59.43% 37 34.91%

1-3 2 1.89% 2 1.89%

4-6 0 -- 0 --

5-9 0 -- 0 --

10 + 1 0.94% 1 0.94%

Total: 66 62.26% 40 37.74%

28
Question 17: Vices are meant to release stress and pressure to one’s mental health, do

you agree?

Figure 16

1%

40%

59%

Yes No NA

Results show that out of 106 respondents 90% agreed that vices are meant to

release stress and pressure to one’s mental health. While 39% said that it does not release

stress and pressure to one’s mental health. The purpose of this question is to find out

whether the students agree that vices are meant to release stress and pressure to one’s

mental health.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 63 59%

No 42 40%

NA 1 1%

Total: 106 100%

29
 Question 18: Are you aware of the harmful effects of these vices to your body?

Figure 17

8% 3%

89%

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr

Results show that out of 106 respondents. 94 students (89%) are knowledgeable

of the harmful effects of these vices while 9 students (8%) are not aware of the harmful

effects of vices and the rest did not have any answers. The graph interprets that almost all

of the students has the awareness of the negative effects of vices. This question aims to

know how much of the students are aware of the harmful effects of vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 94 89%

No 9 8%

NA 3 3%

Total: 106 100%

30
 Question 19: Smoking and drinking has positive effects on your health do you
agree?

Figure 18

4% 11%

85%

Yes No NA

Results say out of 106 respondents. 12 students (11%) said that they believe that

smoking and drinking has a positive effect to our health and 90 students (85%) said that

smoking and drinking has no positive effect to our health while the rest had no answers.

This question aims to know how many students think that vices has a positive effect to our

health.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 12 11%

No 90 85%

NA 4 4%

Total: 106 100%

31
 Question 20: Do you think that the government has implemented sufficient laws
in buying and taking cigarettes and alcohol?

Figure 19

3%
27%

70%

Yes No NA

Results show that out of 106 respondents 70% that consist of 74 students say that

there are no sufficient laws on buying and taking cigarettes and alcohol. On the other hand

27%, which has 29 students, say that the government has implemented sufficient laws in

buying and taking cigarettes and alcohol. The common law that was given by the students

that say that the government has implemented sufficient laws in buying and taking

cigarettes and alcohol is that minors cannot buy cigarettes and alcohol. Others said

“Framework convention on Tobacco control”.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 29 27%

No 74 70%

NA 3 3%

Total: 106 100%

32
 Question 21: Would you tell a person that does vices to stop?

Figure 20

1%

40%

59%

Yes No NA

Results show that it 59% which has 63 students say that they will tell a person to

stop from doing vices because it is bad for the health and it can show side effects when

they get older. For the students that said that they will not tell a person to stop from doing

vices which is 40% and has 42 students. From the pie chart it can be seen that the

population is almost divided by half. The purpose of this question is to find out whether

the respondents will step in to a person’s life that does vices and stop him/her from

doing it.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 63 59%

No 42 40%

NA 1 1%

Total: 106 100%

33
 Question 22: If you do vices, will you persuade your peers to try or do them?

Figure 21

1%7%

92%

Yes No NA

Results show that most of the students will not persuade their peers into doing

vices, this makes 92% of 107 respondents which has 98 students. There are still a few

that said that they will persuade their peers to vices and the common reason is that it is

simply fun and to gain friends. The purpose of this question is to find out whether the

students will be a source of influence to their peers if they do vices to start doing vices.

Answer Frequency Percentage

Yes 7 7%

No 98 92%

NA 1 1%

Total: 106 100%

34
 Chapter V
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

This chapter presents the summary of the findings, conclusion and

recommendation derived from the analysis and interpretation of the data.

Summary

This study was conducted in College of San Benildo – Rizal, Sumulong Highway,

Antipolo City. The researchers were able to gather a total of 106 respondents from grades

8 to 10. The researchers used a survey questionnaire to get the data needed for this study.

The researchers focused on what could be the possible influences of vices among

teens such as drinking and smoking which is very common today. Underage drinking and

smoking is an important issue that must be addressed and a way to stop it is to find out

what are the influences of the teens that do vices. A lot of teenagers today are not just

putting their health at risk when they do this, but also their lives. These are the reasons

why the researchers decided to conduct a study about the influences of vices among teens.

This study also aims to answer the following questions which are presented in the

statement of the problem: Which gender group are mostly doing vices? At what age do

teens mostly start to do vices? Are teens aware of the harmful effects of these vices to

their body? At what grade are vices widespread? Is smoking and drinking still widespread

today?

Conclusion

Based on this study the researchers asked the respondents who would be their

possible influencers. From the results it can be seen that respondents think they will be

influenced by their friends and peers second to that is their family and relatives. Now to a

follow up question asking what influenced the respondents that do vices, to do vices. It can

be seen that most students that do vices, were influenced by their family and relatives. In

the review of related literature it was stated there that during occasions beer is very

35
essential for older people. The researchers asked the respondents why do they do vices is

because of occasions within the family. This could be the reason why the students that do

vices chose “Family and relatives” as the people that influenced them. During an occasion,

of course the adults are happy and having a good time, now when the teens see the adults

consume alcoholic beverages while they are laughing and enjoying it, the teen would think

that drinking is fun and not that bad. The second main influence of these students that do

vices are their friends and peers since they spend a lot of time with their friends they tend

to pick up some habits from them as well.

In this study it can be seen that out of 106 respondents 46 do or tried vices.

Wherein 7 are smoking, out of 66 males 3 smoke and out of 40 females 4 are smoking.

From this it shows that women are slightly higher to smoke than men. These students

started smoking at the ages 10, 11, 14 and 15. If there are 7 smokers well there are 39

students that say are drinking or tried drinking alcoholic beverages. Out of 66 males, there

are about 19 that drink alcoholic beverages and out of 40 females, there are about 20 that

drink alcoholic beverages and that is about 50% of the female respondents. Based from

that, it shows that women are more likely to drink than men. Most of them started drinking

at the ages 12, 13, 14 and 15. From the data gathered it shows that drinking is very

widespread today but most of them are not heavy drinkers and drink only 1-3 bottles a

month. There are only two that drink more than 10 bottles in a month and that Is very few.

As for the smokers well the number of smokers are relatively low. The students that said

they smoke, there are 4 that smoke about 1-3 cigarettes a week while there are 2 that

smoke a pack every week and there is one that tried smoking but stopped. For the grade

that has most number that do vices is on grade 10, out of 40 respondents 23 students

are doing it. Second is grade 9 that has about 35 respondents and 13 students do vices.

Lastly are the grade 8 that has a total of 31 respondents, 10 students do vices.

36
Recommendations

Vices are not just smoking and drinking. It is just the focus of this study since it is

the most rampant, any kind of addiction is a kind of Vice. Students should also be aware

of other vices such as drugs, gambling and many other vices that are relevant in our

generation. The researchers would like to recommend students to have better knowledge

by doing further researches that can help them avoid doing these. Since peers are the

leading cause of trying or doing vices, students should learn to pick their friends and to

learn coping up with others without doing these vices. The researchers would recommend

the person reading this to expand the coverage of this study’s survey to grade 7 students

since the data from our survey interprets that there were students who started drinking

and/or smoking at the age of 12 - 13. The researchers would also propose the

administration of the school to hold a symposium for the students about vices such as

smoking and drinking. Lastly, the researchers would also recommend students to conduct

further researches in the components of these vices to gain more knowledge not just from

our thesis.

37
BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/chapter-5-uptake/5-
16-smoking-in-movies-tv-and-other-pop
https://percentagecalculator.net/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3890547/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4679461/
https://www.questia.com/read/120351770/unfiltered-
conflicts-over-tobacco-policy-and-public
http://www.drugs.ie/alcohol_info/about_alcohol/what_is_alc
ohol/
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/smoking.html
https://smokefree.gov/challenges-when-quitting/cravings-
triggers/alcohol-smoking
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vices

The important factors that affect a student’s academic

performance
Accession no. TP 1251
Grade 10 D students of 2017-2018

38
 Appendix A – Letter Requesting Permission

39
 Appendix B – Approval

40
 Appendix C – Questionnaire

The INFLUENCES of Vices

GRADE________________________
Survey questions
Please shade the circle of your answer and please answer this honestly
1. Do you consider smoking and drinking alcohol cool?
o Yes
o No
2. Are your peers doing any of these?
o Yes
o No
3. Are you planning on trying one of these vices? If yes why?
o Yes
o No
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_______
4. What would be the possible influences for you to start doing vices?
o Family or relatives
o Friends and peers
o Celebrities
o Other please specify
_____________________________

5. Are vices good or bad

o Good
o Bad
6. Drinking has been a way of socializing today, do you agree? Why?
o Yes
o No
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_______
7. If you do any of these vices, why do you do it?
_______________________________________________________________________________

8. Do you know anyone who is addicted to any of these vices?

o Yes
o No
9. Are you sometimes being tempted to do any of these vices?
o Yes
o No
10. Do you Smoke?
o Yes
o No
11. Do you drink alcoholic beverages?
o Yes
o No
12. At what age did you start doing these vices? If you answered NO skip to number
17

41
 Smoking:
Drinking:
13. From whom did you learn to do these vices?
o Family or relatives
o Friends and peers
o Celebrities
o Other please specify
_____________________________
14. Do you get satisfied from doing these things?
o Yes
o No
15. How often do you drink in a month?
o 0
o 1-3
o 4-6
o 5-9
o 10 and above
16. How often do you drink in a month?
o 0
o 1-3
o 4-6
o 5-9
o 10-15
o 1 pack
17. Vices are meant to release stress and pressure to one’s mental health, Do you
agree?
o Yes
o No
18. Are you aware of harmful effects of these vices to your body?
o Yes
o No
19. Smoking and drinking has positive effects on our health. Do you agree?
o Yes
o No
20. Do you think that the government has implemented sufficient laws in buying and
taking cigarettes and alcohol?
o Yes
o No
If yes state one implementation
_____________________________________

21. Would you tell a person that does vices to stop?

____________________________________________

22. If you do vices, will you persuade your peers to try or do them?
o Yes
o No
If yes why?

42
 Appendix D – Matrix of Responses with Codes

43
44
45
46
 CURRICULUM VITAE
CANTONG, GIAN FRANCO V.
#10 Cherry St. Town and Country executive village Brgy. Mayamot, Antipolo City
09175937490 or 02 6815837
gfvcantong@gmail.com

OBJECTIVE
To be an architect to build homes for families and of course make my parents proud
because I will make their business boom
EDUCATION
Junior High School (Grade 7-10)
College of San Benildo-Rizal
Elementary School (Grade 2-6)
College of San Benildo-Rizal
Elementary School (Grade 1)
Magis academy
Preschool (Kinder-Preparatory)
Diliman prepatory school
AWARDS RECEIVED
3rd honors during grade 7
3rd and second honors during grade 8
One 3rd honor during grade 8
Best actor grade 7 play
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
BCSL Grade 9 level representative for school year 2017-2019
BCSL President for school year 2018-2019

47
 CURRICULUM VITAE
Romero, Darren S.
#10 Dalanghita St. Valley View Executive Village Cainta, Rizal
09999249381 or 6581965
darromero05@gmail.com

OBJECTIVE
To become a successful businessman not just to help my family but also to help
the community.
EDUCATION
Junior High School (Grades 7-10)
College of San Benildo-Rizal
Elementary School (Grades 5-6)
College of San Benildo-Rizal
Elementary School (Grades 1-4)
Colegio Sto. Domingo
Pre-School (Kinder-Preperatory)
Colegio Sto. Domingo
AWARDS RECEIVED

With Honors for 2 quarters Grade 9

With Honors Grade 10

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
Class Vice President of 10-D (S.Y 2018-2019)

48