Oil Production History

‫ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬

‫ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻭ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬
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‫ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺍﺋﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

‫• ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺤــﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷــﻬﺎﻯ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺏ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 26000‬ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﺻــﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻤ ً‬
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‫ﺳــﻴﺎﻝ )ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﮔﺎﺯ( )ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﺍﺳــﻂ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﻭﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‪ 2500‬ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ﻳﻜﺼﺪ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑــﺎ ﺭﺍﻩﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻱ‬
‫ﻃــﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ( ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻴــﻞ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﻫــﺎﻱ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺞ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﮔﻰ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘــﺮﻭژﻩ ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ »ﺁﻏﺎﺟــﺎﺭﻱ«‪» ،‬ﻛﺮﻧﺞ«‪» ،‬ﻣﺎﺭﻭﻥ«‪،‬‬ ‫)ﺑﻪ ﺟــﺰ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ ﻛﻮﺗــﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺮﻳــﺎﻥ ﺟﻨﮓ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﻯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫»ﮔﭽﺴــﺎﺭﺍﻥ«‪» ،‬ﺑﻲﺑﻲ ﺣﻜﻴﻤﻪ«‪» ،‬ﺭگ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ«‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧــﻲ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻭ ﻣﻠــﻲ ﺷــﺪﻥ ﺻﻨﻌــﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ(‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻰ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ »ﺍﻫــﻮﺍﺯ« ﺍﺯ ﻧﻴﻤــﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺧﻮﺩ ﮔﺬﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﻳﺎﻓــﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ‬
‫• ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﺼﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻓــﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 1933‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 180‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻱ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 1937‬ﺑــﻪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ‪ 260‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﺭﺳــﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻌﻀــﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻋــﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻜــﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴــﻞ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺟﻨــﮓ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ ﺍﻳــﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺎ ‪ 160‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺴﺮﺳــﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﻧﮕﺮﻱ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﻭﻟﻴــﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺭﻭﻧــﺪﻱ ﻓﺰﺍﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺁﻏــﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻳﺠــﺎﺩ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴــﺎﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺧــﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 26‬ﺩﺭﺻــ ِﺪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑــﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ‪ 250‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺴــﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑــﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻘــﺎﻝ ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﻱ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ‪ 1955‬ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴــﺶ ﺍﺯ ‪ 4/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴــﺎﺯ ﺑــﻪ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻗﺎﺑــﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻱ ﻧﻮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻳــﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸــﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1973‬ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻔــﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ‬ ‫‪ 1979‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺣــﺪﻭﺩ ‪5/6‬‬
‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺩﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﺭﻗــﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺟﻨﮓ‬
‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻮﻧﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻠﻲ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜــﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‬
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‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﻤــﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴــﺢ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﺻﻠــﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺒﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴــﺎﺕ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑــﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪2/5‬‬
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‫ﺭﻳﺴــﻚ ﺳــﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻃﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﻲِ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ً ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ‬
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‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‬ ‫ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﺓ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴــﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺟﻨﮓ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺪﺭﻳــﺞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬
‫ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻰﺷــﻮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺤﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺫﻳﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺷــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴــﺖ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜــﺮ ِﺩ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻱ ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣــﺎﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫• ﻧﻮﻉ ﺳــﻨﮓ ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 3/5‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟــﻲ ﻻﺯﻡ ‪ -‬ﺑﺎ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻛــﻢ ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺍ ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﺷــﻜﺎﻑﺩﺍﺭ ﺑــﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎﻝ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‪ -‬ﺑﻪﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻰﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻨﮕﻰ‬ ‫‪ 600‬ﻫﺰﺍﺭ ﺑﺸﻜﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻰﺁﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻳــﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺁﻫﻚ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻠﻞ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺝ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺳــﺎﺱ ﺑﺮﺧــﻲ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ‬
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‫ﻣﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ /‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ / 84‬ﺁﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﻩ ‪1390‬‬
‫ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ »ﺳﻴﺮﻱ« ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪﺍﻱ ﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﻧﻔــﺖ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺑــﺮ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺍﻭﻟﻴــﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
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‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛــﺮ ﺍِﻋﻤــﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫــﺎﻱ‬ ‫• ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺘﺰﺍﺟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻮﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳــﻘﻒ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺭﻭﺯﺍﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎً ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻭﮔﺎﺯﻫــﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﺮﺑﻨــﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﻳﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣــﺮﺍﺭﺕ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫• ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫• ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ )‪(Infill drilling‬‬
‫ﺁﻳــﺪ »ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴــﻪ« ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺑــﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﭼﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬
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‫ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳــﻒ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻱ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ‬ ‫• ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻓﻦﺁﻭﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴــﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‪» :‬ﺭﻭﺷــﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﻣﺘﻦ ﺧﻼﺻﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗــﻲ«‪» ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﺍﻣﺘﺰﺍﺟــﻲِ ﮔﺎﺯ«‪» ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ« ﻭ »ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻮﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ«‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻯ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﺳــﺘﺤﺼﺎﻝ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻋﻤــﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﺁﺏ‪،‬ﮔﺎﺯ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺳــﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺩﺍﺷــﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺖﺧﻴﺰ ﺟﻬﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‪ -‬ﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻬــﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻴــﺎﺱ ﺗﺠــﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴــﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺨﺰ ِﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻈــﺮ )ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 1980‬ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪ -‬ﺑــﻪ ﺻﺪﻫﺎ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺧﻮﺍﻫــﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻦﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫــﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺯﻭﺩﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‬
‫ﺳــﻨﮓ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‪ ،‬ﺣﻔــﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻱ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﺯﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺳــﻨﮓ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳــﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺣــﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳــﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ )ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ »ﻫﻔﺘﮕﻞ«‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴــﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻱ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫»ﮔﭽﺴﺎﺭﺍﻥ«‪» ،‬ﻣﺎﺭﻭﻥ«‪» ،‬ﻛﺮﻧﺞ«‪» ،‬ﺑﻲﺑﻲ ﺣﻜﻴﻤﻪ«‪،‬‬
‫ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺎﺋــﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ؛ ﺩﺭﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫»ﻟــﺐ ﺳــﻔﻴﺪ«‪» ،‬ﭘﺎﺭﺳــﻲ«‪» ،‬ﻛﻮﭘــﺎﻝ«‪» ،‬ﭘﺎﺯﻧﺎﻥ«‪،‬‬
‫ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲﺗﺮ ﺷــﺪ ِﻥ ﻋﻤ ِﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ‬ ‫»ﺭﺍﻣﺸﻴﺮ«‪» ،‬ﺁﻏﺎﺟﺎﺭﻱ«‪» ،‬ﻧﺮﮔﺴﻲ«‪» ،‬ﺩﺍﺭﺧﻮﻳﻦ«(‬
‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔــﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ »ﭘﺎﺯﻧﺎﻥ«‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘــﻪ ﻫﺮﭼﻨــﺪ ﺣﻔــﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻓﻘــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧــﻲ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺣــﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻳــﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻔــﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷــﻌﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﺯ ﻏﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎﻝ ﻣﻴﻌﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴــﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺳــﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﭼﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﺯﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺨــﺰﻥ ﻭ ﺳــﻴﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺴــﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺷــﻮﻧﺪ ﻛــﻪ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻛﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ »ﺭﺍﻣﺸﻴﺮ«‪» ،‬ﺁﺳﻤﺎﺭﻱ«‬
‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷــﺪﺓ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ »ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﺑﻲ«‪ 2‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ »ﺩﺍﺭﺧﻮﻳﻦ«‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﻣﺘﺰﺍﺟﻲ ﺩﺭﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻣﺎﺳﻪ ﺳﻨﮕﻲ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺨﻠﺨﻞ ﻭ ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺍﻳﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﺍﻳــﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴــﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﭼــﺎﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﺻــﻮﺭﺕ ﻏﻴﺮﺍﻣﺘﺰﺍﺟﻲ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻴﭻﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻛﺮﺑﻨﺎﺗﺔ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑــﺎ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫــﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺁﺏ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫــﻪ ‪ 1370‬ﺗﻌــﺪﺍﺩﻱ ﺣﻔــﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻦﺁﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺳــﺒﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺑﻪﻋﻠﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳــﻲ ﺑــﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃــﻖ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﭼﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﺁﺏ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳــﻦ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
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‫ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬
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‫ﺗﺎﺳﻴﺴــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺳــﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫• ﻧﻮﺳــﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳــﺖ‪ ،‬ﻟــﺬﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺬﺷــﺖ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳــﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗــﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢﺍﻻﺭﺿﻲ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻯ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻧﺴــﺒﺘﺎً ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻲﺗــﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ‬
‫• ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﮔﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜــﺮﺩ ﻭ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴــﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪﻱ ﺁﻧﻬــﺎ ﻭ ﻧﻴــﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻰﺭﺳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸــﻜﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺗﻨﮕﻨﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟــﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻭ‬
‫• ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺭﻭﺵﻫــﺎﻱ ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﺳــﻴﺎﻻﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻱ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﮔﺎﺯ ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻴﻚ ﻭ ﺍﺯﺕ‬ ‫• ﺗﻮﺟــﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺳــﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺗﺰﺭﻳــﻖ ﺳــﻴﺎﻝ )ﺁﺏ ﻳــﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ( ﺑــﻪ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫• ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥﺳــﻨﺠﻲ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻱﻫــﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺗﺒــﻂ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﭼﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓــﺖ ﻓﺸــﺎﺭ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﻭ »ﻫــﺮﺯ ﺭﻓﺖ« ﻭ ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ :‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‪،‬‬
‫• ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﺓ ﻧﻔــﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ‬ ‫ژﺋﻮﻓﻴﺰﻳــﻚ‪ ،‬ﭘﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﺰﻳــﻚ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﻴﻦﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻻ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻃﺮﻑ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳــﻲ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮﺍﺳــﺮ‬
‫• ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲِ ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﻬــﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﻪ ﻭ ﺑــﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﺷــﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻦﺍﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷــﺮﻛﺖ‬ ‫• ﺩﺭ ﻣــﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺮﻭژﻩﻫــﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑــﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺯﻩﻧﮕﺎﺭﻱ ﺳــﻪﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺑﻌﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﻚ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻣــﻊ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶﻫــﺎﻱ ﻋﻠﻤــﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳــﻨﮕﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺷــﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺸــﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻓﻨﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺴــﺐ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻴﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲِ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺑﻌﺪﻱ‪،‬‬‫ِ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮﻥ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻟﺮﺯﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺸــﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻮﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳــﻲِ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲِ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃــﻖ ﺧﺸــﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﻳــﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻨــﺎﻭﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ )ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓــﺖ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺸــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ؛ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴﻪ( ﺑــﻪ ﻃﺮﻳــﻖ »ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺗــﻲ« ﻭ »ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳــﺶ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎ« ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸــﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
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‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﻮﺩﺟﺔ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴﺎﺯ‪،‬‬ ‫• ﭘﺸــﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫• ﺑﻪﻛﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟــﻮژﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻧــﺪ؛ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷــﺎﺧﻪﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺸــﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﮔﺴــﺘﺮﺩﻩﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻧﻴﺰ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﺩﻳﻦ ﻣﺸــﺘﺮﻙ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻮﺟــﺐ ﺣﺪﺍﻛﺜــﺮ »ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻣــﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺭﻭﺑﻲ«‬
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ :‬ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸــﮕﺎﻩ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸــﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺿﺮﻳــﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻰﺷﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻭ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻜﺪﺓ ﺍﺯﺩﻳﺎﺩ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴﻪ‬ ‫»ﺯﻳﺮﺗﻌﺎﺩﻟــﻲ« ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈــﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫــﺶ ﺁﺳــﻴﺐ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑــﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻧﺠــﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘــﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺰﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻟﺜﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫• ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺴــﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ ﻭ ﺳــﺎﻳﺮ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺳــﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴــﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﺑــﺰﺍﺭ‪ MWD‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻟــﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﺍﻧﺴــﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺘﺨﺼــﺺ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪) Measurement While Drilling‬ﺳــﻨﺠﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ )ﺳﺨﺖﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ( ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫• ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺫﺧﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﮔﺎﺯﻱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻯ( ﺑــﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﻬﺖﺩﺍﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻋــﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺤﺮﺍﻓــﻲ ﻭ ﻳــﺎ ﺍﻓﻘــﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫• ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳــﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧــﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫• ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻛﺸــﻒ ﺷــﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻫﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪ Eclipse ، CMG ، Hysys :‬ﻭ ‪...‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻﺩﺳﺘﻲ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻣﺨﺎﺯﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨ ِﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﻧﻮﻳﺲﻫﺎ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪emami@nioc.rtd.ir‬‬ ‫‪sweep efficiency‬‬ ‫‪fish bone‬‬
‫ﻣﻨــــﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﺔ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ »ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﻗﺎﺳــﻢ‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎﻫﻨﺎﻣــﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻭ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ »ﺍﻛﺘﺸــﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ«‪ -‬ﺷــﻤﺎﺭﻩ ‪ -71‬ﺷــﻬﺮﻳﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺯﺍﺩﻩ« ﻭ »ﻓﻮﺍﺩ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻲ« ﺍﺧﺬ ﺷــﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳــﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ‬ ‫‪ -1389‬ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﺳﺮﻓﺼﻞ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﭽﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻧﻔﺖ‬

‫ﺗﺮﺍﻭﺍﺋﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳــﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

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