Luigi Cherubini 111

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"
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%20encyclopedia_files/magnify-clip.png" alt="" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
Luigi Cherubini, c. 1815-1824, Institut Royal de France, Académie des Beaux Arts
(musique).</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="thumb tright">
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Luigi_Cherubini2.png" class="image"><img
%20encyclopedia_files/200px-Luigi_Cherubini2.png" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Luigi_Cherubini2.png/30
0px-Luigi_Cherubini2.png 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Luigi_Cherubini2.png 2x" data-file-
width="370" data-file-height="491" height="265" width="200"></a>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Luigi_Cherubini2.png" class="internal"
Luigi Cherubini wearing a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legion_d%27Honneur"
title="Legion d'Honneur" class="mw-redirect">Legion d'Honneur</a>
medal, lithograph by Marie Alexandre Alophe after a painting (Imp.
d'Aubert & Co. Galerie de la Presse de la Literature et des Beaux
Arts, c. 1850).</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><b>Luigi Cherubini</b> (<small>Italian: </small><span title="Representation
in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Italian" title="Help:IPA for
Italian">[luˈiːdʒi keruˈbiːni]</a></span>; 8 or 14 September<sup id="cite_ref-
Sadie_p._833_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sadie_p._833-
1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> 1760 – 15 March 1842) was an <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a> composer who
spent most of his working life in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France"
title="France">France</a>. His most significant compositions are operas and sacred
music. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig
van Beethoven">Beethoven</a> regarded Cherubini as the greatest of his
contemporaries.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-
2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></p>
<p></p>
<div id="toc" class="toc">
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
<span class="toctoggle"> [<a href="#" class="internal"
id="togglelink">hide</a>] </span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_years"><span
class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early years</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Adulthood_and_first_operas"><span
class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Adulthood and first
operas</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#French_assimilation"><span
class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">French
assimilation</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#From_opera_to_church_music"><span
class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">From opera to church
music</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Old_age_and_legacy"><span
class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Old age and legacy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Works"><span
class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Works</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Orchestral_music"><span
class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Orchestral music</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Chamber_music"><span
class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Chamber music</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a
href="#Masses_and_sections_of_the_mass"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span
class="toctext">Masses and sections of the mass</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Motets_and_other_choral_works"><span
class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Motets and other choral
works</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Operas"><span
class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Operas</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span
class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#External_links"><span
class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p></p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_years">Early years</span><span class="mw-
editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early
years">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Cherubini was born <b>Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore Cherubini</b> in <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>.
There is uncertainty about his exact date of birth. Although
14 September is sometimes stated, evidence from baptismal records
and Cherubini himself suggests the 8th is correct. Perhaps the strongest
evidence is his first name, Maria, which is traditional for a child
born on 8 September, feast-day of the Nativity of the Virgin.<sup
id="cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sadie_p._833-
1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> His instruction in music began at the
age of six with his father, Bartolomeo, <i>maestro al cembalo</i> ("Master of the
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpsichord"
title="Harpsichord">harpsichord</a>", in other words, ensemble leader from the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harpsichord"
title="Harpsichord">harpsichord</a>). Considered a <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_prodigy" title="Child prodigy">child
prodigy</a>, Cherubini studied <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterpoint"
title="Counterpoint">counterpoint</a> and dramatic style at an early age. By the
time he was thirteen, he had composed several religious works.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Adulthood_and_first_operas">Adulthood and first
operas</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
bracket">[</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Adulthood
and first operas">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>In 1780, he was awarded a scholarship by the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Leopold
II, Holy Roman Emperor">Grand Duke of Tuscany</a> to study music in <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a> and <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>.<sup
1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Cherubini's early <i><a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_serie" title="Opera serie" class="mw-
redirect">opera serie</a></i> used libretti by <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolo_Zeno" title="Apostolo Zeno">Apostolo
Zeno</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastasio"
title="Metastasio">Metastasio</a> (Pietro Trapassi), and others that adhered
closely to standard dramatic conventions. His music was strongly influenced by <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Jommelli" title="Niccolò
Jommelli">Niccolò Jommelli</a>, <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Traetta" title="Tommaso Traetta">Tommaso
Traetta</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Sacchini"
title="Antonio Sacchini">Antonio Sacchini</a>, who were the leading composers of
the day. The first of his two comic works, <i>Lo sposo di tre e marito di
nessuna,</i> premiered at a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venice"
title="Venice">Venetian</a> theater in November 1783.<sup id="cite_ref-
Sadie_p._833_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sadie_p._833-
<p>Feeling constrained by Italian traditions and eager to experiment, Cherubini
traveled to London in 1785 where he produced two <i>opere serie</i> and an <i>opera
buffa</i> for the King's Theater. In the same year, he made an excursion to Paris
with his friend <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Viotti"
title="Giovanni Battista Viotti">Giovanni Battista Viotti</a>, who presented him to
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie
Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a> and Parisian society. Cherubini received an
important commission to write <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D
%C3%A9mophoon" title="Démophoon">Démophoon</a></i> to a French libretto by <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Marmontel" title="Jean-
François Marmontel">Jean-François Marmontel</a> that would be his first <i><a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trag%C3%A9die_en_musique" title="Tragédie en
musique">tragédie en musique</a>.</i> Except for a brief return trip to London and
to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> for an
<i>opera seria</i> commissioned by the King of the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">House of
Savoy</a>, Cherubini spent the rest of his life in <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><sup
1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> where he was initiated into <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Orient_de_France" title="Grand Orient de
France">Grand Orient de France</a> "Saint-Jean de Palestine" Masonic Lodge in
1784.</p>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg"
class="image"><img alt="" src="Luigi%20Cherubini%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free
%20encyclopedia_files/220px-Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Medea_Cherubini_titelbl
ad.jpg/330px-Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg/4
40px-Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="591" data-file-height="841"
height="313" width="220"></a>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Medea_Cherubini_titelblad.jpg"
class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="Luigi%20Cherubini%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the
%20free%20encyclopedia_files/magnify-clip.png" alt="" height="11"
width="15"></a></div>
Title page of the first edition of Cherubini's <i><a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9d%C3%A9e_%28Cherubini%29" title="Médée
(Cherubini)">Médée</a></i>, full score, 1797.</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="French_assimilation">French
assimilation</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: French
assimilation">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Cherubini adopted the French version of his name, <b>Marie-Louis-Charles-Zénobi-
Salvador Cherubini</b>; this appears in <i>all</i> extant documents that show his
full name after 1790,<sup id="cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-5" class="reference"><a
href="#cite_note-Sadie_p._833-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> though his
Italian name is favored nowadays. Performances of <i>Démophon</i> were favorably
received at the Grand Opéra in 1788. With Viotti's help, the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_Monsieur" title="Théâtre de
Monsieur" class="mw-redirect">Théâtre de Monsieur</a> in the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuileries" title="Tuileries" class="mw-
redirect">Tuileries</a>
appointed Cherubini as its director in 1789. Three years later, after a
move to the rue Feydeau and the fall of the monarchy, the company
became known as the Théâtre Feydeau. This position gave Cherubini the
opportunity to read countless libretti and choose one that best suited
his temperament.</p>
<p>Cherubini's music began to show more originality and daring. His first major
success was <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodo%C3%AFska"
title="Lodoïska">Lodoïska</a></i> (1791), which was admired for its realistic
heroism. This was followed by <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliza_
%28Cherubini%29" title="Eliza (Cherubini)">Eliza</a></i> (1794), set in the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Alps" title="Swiss Alps">Swiss Alps</a>,
and <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medea_%28opera%29" title="Medea
(opera)" class="mw-redirect">Médée</a></i> (1797), Cherubini's best-known work.
<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_deux_journ%C3%A9es" title="Les deux
journées">Les deux journées</a></i>
(1800), in which Cherubini simplified his style, was a popular success.
These and other operas were premièred at the Théâtre Feydeau or the
Opéra-Comique. Feeling financially secure, he married Anne Cécile
Tourette in 1794 and began a family of three children.</p>
<p>The fallout from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution"
title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>
affected Cherubini until the end of his life. Politics forced him to
hide his connections with the former aristocracy and seek governmental
appointments. Although <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on"
title="Napoléon" class="mw-redirect">Napoléon</a> found him too complex, Cherubini
wrote at least one patriotic work per year for more than a decade.<sup
1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> He was appointed Napoléon's director of
music in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>
for part of 1805 and 1806, whereupon he conducted several of his works in that
city.</p>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ingres_cherubini.JPG" class="image"><img
%20encyclopedia_files/220px-Ingres_cherubini.JPG" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ingres_cherubini.JPG/33
0px-Ingres_cherubini.JPG 1.5x,
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Ingres_cherubini.JPG/440px-
Ingres_cherubini.JPG 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="676" height="251"
width="220"></a>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ingres_cherubini.JPG" class="internal"
Portrait by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres"
title="Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres" class="mw-redirect">J. D. Ingres</a> (<a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre" class="mw-
redirect">Louvre</a>). The crowning Muse displeased Cherubini and is blacked out in
some copies.</div>
</div>
</div>
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_11_-
_Cherubini_04.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="Luigi%20Cherubini%20-
%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia_files/220px-Pre-Lachaise_-_Division_11_-
_Cherubini_04.jpg" class="thumbimage"
srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-
_Division_11_-_Cherubini_04.jpg/330px-P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_11_-
_Cherubini_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/P
%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-_Division_11_-_Cherubini_04.jpg/440px-P%C3%A8re-Lachaise_-
_Division_11_-_Cherubini_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184"
height="330" width="220"></a>
<div class="magnify"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:P%C3%A8re-
Lachaise_-_Division_11_-_Cherubini_04.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img
src="Luigi%20Cherubini%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia_files/magnify-
clip.png" alt="" height="11" width="15"></a></div>
Cherubini's grave at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P
%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise
Cemetery</a> in Paris with a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas_relief"
title="Bas relief" class="mw-redirect">bas relief</a> by Augustin Dumont.</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="From_opera_to_church_music">From opera to church
music</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: From
opera to church music">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>After <i>Les deux journées</i>, Parisian audiences began to favor younger
composers such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-
Adrien_Boieldieu" title="François-Adrien Boieldieu">Boieldieu</a>. Cherubini's
opera-ballet <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anacr%C3%A9on_%28Cherubini
%29" title="Anacréon (Cherubini)">Anacréon</a></i> was an outright failure and most
stage works after it did not achieve success. <i><a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faniska" title="Faniska">Faniska</a></i>,
produced in 1806, was an exception, receiving an enthusiastic response, in
particular, by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Haydn" title="Joseph
Haydn">Haydn</a> and Beethoven. <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Abenc
%C3%A9rages" title="Les Abencérages">Les Abencérages</a></i> (1813), an heroic
drama set in Spain during the last days of the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moorish</a> kingdom of <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada" title="Granada">Granada</a>, was
Cherubini's attempt to compete with <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare
Spontini">Spontini</a>'s <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_vestale"
title="La vestale">La vestale</a></i>; it received critical praise but few
performances.</p>
<p>Disappointed with his lack of acclaim in the theater, Cherubini turned
increasingly to church music, writing seven <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_%28music%29" title="Mass
(music)">masses</a>, two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiems"
title="Requiems" class="mw-redirect">requiems</a>, and many shorter pieces. During
this period (under the restored monarchy) he was appointed <i>Surintendant de la
Musique du Roi</i>, a position he would hold until the fall of the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourbon_Dynasty" title="Bourbon Dynasty"
class="mw-redirect">Bourbon Dynasty</a>. In 1815 London's <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Philharmonic_Society" title="Royal
Philharmonic Society">Royal Philharmonic Society</a>
commissioned him to write a symphony, an overture, and a composition
for chorus and orchestra, the performances of which he went especially
to London to conduct, increasing his fame.</p>
<p>Cherubini's <i>Requiem in C minor</i> (1816), commemorating the anniversary of
the execution of King <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_France"
title="Louis XVI of France">Louis XVI of France</a>, was a huge success. The work
was greatly admired by Beethoven, <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert
Schumann">Schumann</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Brahms"
title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>. In 1836, Cherubini wrote a <i>Requiem in D
minor</i>
to be performed at his own funeral. It is for male choir only, as the
religious authorities had criticised his use of female voices in the
earlier work.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Old_age_and_legacy">Old age and
legacy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Old age
and legacy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>In 1822, Cherubini became director of the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservatoire_de_Paris" title="Conservatoire de
Paris">Conservatoire</a> and completed his textbook, <i>Cours de contrepoint et de
fugue,</i> in 1835. His role at the Conservatoire would bring him into conflict
with the young <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector
Berlioz">Hector Berlioz</a>,
who went on to portray the old composer in his memoirs as a crotchety
pedant. Some critics, such as Basil Deane, maintain that Berlioz's
depiction has distorted Cherubini's image with posterity. There are many
allusions to Cherubini's personal irritability among his
contemporaries; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe
Adam">Adolphe Adam</a> wrote, <i>"some maintain his temper was very even, because
he was always angry."</i> Nevertheless, Cherubini had many friends, including <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szymanowska" title="Szymanowska" class="mw-
redirect">Szymanowska</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini"
title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr
%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a> and, above all, the
artist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres"
title="Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres" class="mw-redirect">Ingres</a>.
The two had mutual interests: Cherubini was a keen amateur painter and
Ingres enjoyed practising the violin. In 1841, Ingres produced the most
celebrated portrait of the old composer.</p>
<p>Although chamber music does not make up a large portion of his
output, what he did write was important. Wilhelm Altmann, writing in his
<i>Handbuch für Streichquartettspieler</i> (<i>Handbook for String Quartet
Players</i>)
about Cherubini's six string quartets, states that they are first rate
and regarded Nos. 1 and 3 as masterworks. His String Quintet for two
violins, viola and two cellos is also considered a first rate work.</p>
<p>During his life, Cherubini received France's highest and most prestigious
honors. These included the <i>Chevalier de la <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Légion
d'honneur" class="mw-redirect">Légion d'honneur</a></i> (1814) and <i>Membre de
l'Académie des Beaux-Arts</i> (1815). In 1841, he was made <i>Commandeur de la
Légion d'honneur,</i> the first musician to receive that title.<sup id="cite_ref-3"
class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-
<p>Cherubini died in Paris at age 81 and is buried at <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père
Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a>, just four metres from his friend
Chopin. His tomb was designed by the architect <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achille-Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_Lecl%C3%A8re"
title="Achille-François-René Leclère" class="mw-redirect">Achille Leclère</a> and
includes a figure by the sculptor <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustin-
Alexandre_Dumont" title="Augustin-Alexandre Dumont">Augustin-Alexandre Dumont</a>
representing "Music" crowning a bust of the composer with a wreath.</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Works">Works</span><span class="mw-
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section:
Works">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Orchestral_music">Orchestral music</span><span
class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a
Orchestral music">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overture_in_G_major_%28Cherubini%29"
title="Overture in G major (Cherubini)">Overture in G</a> (1815)</li>
<li>Symphony in D major (1815)</li>
<li>Marche funèbre (1820)</li>
</ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Chamber_music">Chamber music</span><span
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Chamber
music">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul>
<li>String Quartet No. 1 in E-flat (1814)</li>
<li>String Quartet No. 2 in C (1829) - transcription of Symphony in D major with
new second movement</li>
<li>String Quartet No. 3 in D minor (1834)</li>
<li>String Quartet No. 4 in E (1835)</li>
<li>String Quartet No. 5 in F (1835)</li>
<li>String Quartet No. 6 in A minor (1837)</li>
<li>String Quintet (2 violins, viola, 2 cellos) in E minor (1837)</li>
</ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Masses_and_sections_of_the_mass">Masses and
sections of the mass</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-
editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Masses
and sections of the mass">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<ul>
<li>Five masses (written 1773–1776, lost)</li>
<li><i>Messe solennelle brève</i> in B-flat (1805, dubious)</li>
<li>Credo <i>a capella</i> for eight voices and organ (1806)</li>
<li>Mass in A for three voices (1809, dubious)</li>
<li><i>Messe de Chimay</i> in F (1809)</li>
<li><i>Missa solemnis</i> in D minor (1811) <i>per il <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_II,_Prince_Esterh%C3%A1zy"
title="Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy">Principe Esterházy</a></i></li>
<li>Mass in C (1816)</li>
<li>Credo in D (1816)</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_%28Cherubini%29" title="Requiem
(Cherubini)">Requiem in C minor</a> for mixed chorus (1816) in memory of Louis
XVI</li>
<li><i>Missa solemnis</i> in E (1818)</li>
<li>Mass in G (1819) for the Coronation of Louis XVIII</li>
<li>Mass in B-flat (1821, dubious)</li>
<li><i>Messe solennelle</i> in A for the Coronation of Charles X (1825)</li>
<li>Requiem in D minor for male chorus (1836) written for his own funeral<sup
id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-
4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup></li>
</ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Motets_and_other_choral_works">Motets and other
choral works</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Motets
and other choral works">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-
<ul>
<li>Cantata <i>Hymne au printemps</i> ("Hymn to Spring") (1815)</li>
<li><i>Hymne du Panthéon</i></li>
<li>38 motets</li>
</ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Operas">Operas</span><span class="mw-
Operas">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul>
<li>See <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_operas_by_Cherubini"
title="List of operas by Cherubini">List of operas by Cherubini</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-
References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<dl>
<dt>Notes</dt>
</dl>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Sadie_p._833-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a
href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-0"><span class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up
to: </span><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_p._833_1-
6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Willis, in
Sadie (Ed.), p. 833</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2"><span
class="cite-accessibility-label">Jump up </span>^</a></b></span> <span
class="reference-text">Holden, p. 174</span></li>
class="reference-text">Willis, in Sadie (ed.), p. 834</span></li>
class="reference-text">Deane p.30</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
<dl>
<dt>Sources</dt>
</dl>
<ul>
<li>Altmann, Wilhelm, <i>Handbuch für Streichquartettspielers</i>, Amsterdam:
Hinrichtshofen, 1972</li>
<li>Cherubini, Luigi (with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fromental_Hal
%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Fromental Halévy</a>, <i>Cours de contrepoint et
de fugue</i>, Paris: M. Schlesinger, 1835 OCLC 11909698</li>
<li>Deane, Basil, <i>Cherubini</i> (Oxford Studies of Composers, 1965)</li>
<li>Cobbett, W.W. (Ed.), <i>Cobbett's Cyclopedic Survey of Chamber Music</i>,
Oxford University Press, 1963</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanda_Holden_%28writer%29" title="Amanda
Holden (writer)">Holden, Amanda</a> (Ed.), <i>The New Penguin Opera Guide</i>, New
York: Penguin Putnam, 2001. <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0140293124" class="internal
mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-14-029312-4</a></li>
<li>Willis, Stephen C., "Cherubini, (Maria) Luigi (Carlo Zanobi Salvadore)" in
Sadie, Stanley (Ed.), <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Opera</i>, Vol. 1, A-D, New
York: MacMillan, 1994 <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0935859926" class="internal
mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-935859-92-6</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span
title=Luigi_Cherubini&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External
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<ul>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text"
href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03648a.htm">Entry for Luigi Cherubini in
<i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i></a></li>
href="http://www.editionsilvertrust.com/music-books-a-to-g.htm">Luigi Cherubini
String Quartet Nos.1 & 3, and String Quintet--sound-bites and discussion of
works</a></li>
<li><a href="http://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Cherubini,_Luigi" class="extiw"
title="scores:Category:Cherubini, Luigi">Free scores by Luigi Cherubini</a> at the
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project"
title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library
Project</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cpdl.org/wiki/index.php/Luigi_Cherubini" class="extiw"
title="choralwiki:Luigi Cherubini">Free scores by Luigi Cherubini</a> in the <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choral_Public_Domain_Library" title="Choral
Public Domain Library">Choral Public Domain Library</a> (ChoralWiki)</li>
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<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Name</td>
<td>Cherubini, Luigi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Alternative names</td>
<td>Cherubini, Maria Luigi Carlo Zenobio Salvatore; Cherubini, Marie-Louis-Charles-
Zénobi-Salvador</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Short description</td>
<td><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a>
composer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Date of birth</td>
<td>September 8 or September 14, 1760</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Place of birth</td>
<td>Florence</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Date of death</td>
<td>March 15, 1842</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Place of death</td>
<td>Paris</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>


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German" hreflang="de" lang="de">Deutsch</a></li>
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