TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.  DESIGN METHODOLOGY 3 

2.  STRUCTURAL MODEL 3 
2.1.  General 3 
2.2.  Global Axis System 4 
2.3.  Material Properties 5 
2.4.  Effective Length Factor (K-value) 6 
2.5.  Boundary Conditions 6 
2.6.  Member Properties 7 
3.  APPLIED LOADS 12 
3.1.  Permanent Actions 12 
3.1.1.  Self Weight 12 
3.1.2.  Roof Load (Permanent) 13 
3.1.3.  Grating Load 14 
3.1.4.  Handrail Load (Permanent) 15 
3.1.5.  Lighting/Cable Tray Load 16 
3.1.6.  Sand Bag Load 16 
3.2.  Variable (Imposed) Actions 18 
3.2.1.  Roof (Maintenance) Load 18 
3.2.2.  Floor & Platform Load 19 
3.2.3.  Handrail Load (Variable) 20 
3.2.4.  Stairs Load (Variable) 20 
3.3.  Variable (Wind) Load 21 
3.4.  Basic Load Cases 25 
3.5.  Combination Load Cases 26 
4.  COMPUTER ANALYSIS RESULTS 27 
4.1.  Maximum Deflection (SLS) 27 
4.2.  Maximum Reactions (ULS STR) 27 
4.3.  Maximum Reactions (SLS) 28 
4.4.  Maximum Reactions (ULS GEO) 28 
4.5.  Member Stress Check/Unity Ratio (ULS STR) 29 
5.  SECURITY TOWER FOUNDATION DESIGN 30 

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Security Tower Analysis Calculation Report
1. DESIGN METHODOLOGY
The structural analysis of the structural steel Observation Tower and reinforced concrete foundations
were performed in line with factors, loads and parameters defined in the relevant sections of
Eurocodes, SHELL DEPs and the Civil/Structural Design Philosophy.
The steel structure was analysed using STAAD.Pro while the foundation design was achieved with
the aid of Microsoft Excel software. The basic load cases and load combinations with accompanying
partial factors of safety were applied as defined in EN 1992, EN1993 and 1997 and other applicable
standards.
The Limit State philosophy approach was used to perform the design for the structure.
The structural configuration and members were checked for various load cases and load
combinations including self weight and imposed loads.
Load Combination Purpose
Ultimate Limit State (STR) Check structure for strength
Serviceability Limit State (SLS) Check structure for stability & settlement
Ultimate Limit State (GEO) Generate reactions for foundation sizing & soil bearing capacity

2. STRUCTURAL MODEL
2.1. General
The proposed Observation Tower structure was modelled in STAAD.Pro v8i, SELECT series 6 as an
open steel framed structure on four stanchions. The structure is made of primary and secondary
beams, with diagonal braces. Over 75% of the entire surface of the platform, where security activities
will be carried out at EL. +6882, shall be covered with grating.
Sand bags shall be placed within the platform at EL +6882 behind a 1.65 m high wall of steel plate.
All sides, except the North end of the structure, shall be covered with a 6 mm thick steel plate.
The roof shall be a duopitch type made of 0.77 mm Guage Oven-baked Aluminium long span
roofing sheets.
Steel Structure:
Height of structure : 10.432 m (Top of roof)
9.532 m (Top of column)
Length of structure : 3.000 m
4.254 m (EL. +6882)
Width of structure : 3.000 m
4.073 m (EL. +6882)
Roof Truss:
Average spacing of purlins : 1.00 m
Average spacing of rafters : 1.50 m

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2.2. Global Axis System

The model global axis system is as follows:

 X – Axis in the longitudinal direction.
 Y – Axis in the vertical direction.
 Z – Axis in the transversal direction.

Figure 2.1: 3D Rendered View

Figure 2.2: Isometric View

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 Figure 2.3: Base Plan at EL. +0460

Figure 2.4: Plan at El. +6882

2.3. Material Properties
The basic material properties used in the structural analysis and design of the structure are as follows:
Steel design properties:
 Young’s modulus, E 210000 N/mm2
 Shear module, G 0.8 x 105 N/mm2
 Steel density, ρ 7850 kg/m3
 Poisson’s ratio, ν 0.3
 Thermal expansion coefficient, α 1.2 x 10-5 °C-1
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  Steel grade S275
Concrete design properties:
 Concrete grade C25/30
 Compressive cylindrical strength 25 N/mm2
 Yield strength of reinforcement steel 410 N/mm2
 Reinforced concrete density 25 kN/m3
2.4. Effective Length Factor (K-value)
The effective length coefficients for STAAD Pro analysis and design shall be as follows:
Effective length coefficient
Member Type
Kx Kz
Beams 1 1
Vertical Columns 1 1
Rafters 1 1
UNL shall be taken as 1.0 for all members.
2.5. Boundary Conditions
The structural model was fixed at all column and stairs support points connecting the steel structure
to the foundation with the aid of steel base plate.

Figure 2.5: Boundary Conditions

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2.6. Member Properties
Section properties were taken directly from the section library available in STAAD.Pro V8i.
Member ID Profile Material Structural component
R1 PLATE 6mm Steel Protective shield/cover
R2 IPE 160 Steel Rafters
R3 IPE 180 Steel Beams
R4 UPN 180 Steel Stair stringers
R5 UPE 200 Steel External beams
R6 HEA 260 Steel Stanchions
R7 SHS 60 x 60 x 5 Steel Protective shield frame
R8 L 90 x 90 x 12 Steel Diagonal bracing
R9 120ZLMIL50x15 Steel Purlins

Figure 4.6: Plate 6mm thick

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Figure 4.7: IPE 160

Figure 4.8: IPE 180

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Figure 4.9: UPN 180

Figure 4.10: UPE 200

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 Figure 4.11: HE 260 A

Figure 4.12: SHS 60x60x5

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 Figure 4.13: L 90x90x12

Figure 4.14: 120ZLMIL50x15

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3. APPLIED LOADS
3.1. Permanent Actions
3.1.1. Self Weight
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Self Weight
Auto-generated by STAAD.Pro g = 9.81 m/s2

Figure 3.1: Structure Self Weight

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3.1.2. Roof Load (Permanent)
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Roof Permanent Action
Unit weight of steel γs = 7.85 kN/m3
Weight of 0.7mm thick long span Aluminium sheet WS = 0.003 kN/m2
Spacing between rafters SR = 1.5 m
Size of anti-sag rod Ø = 12 mm
Load on rafters from anti-sag rods WR = πø2 x γs x SR 0.005 kN/m2
Allowance for fittings + angle cleat WF = 0.246 kN/m2
Total roof action TR = WS + WR + WF 0.254 kN/m2
Spacing between purlins SP = 1.0 m
Variable action on external purlin gk1 = TR x Sp/2 0.127 kN/m
Variable action on external purlin gk2 = TR x Sp 0.254 kN/m

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3.1.3. Grating Load
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Grating Load
ANG-NG01021764-
GEN-CS-4018- Characterictic grating load (30mm x 5mm) γG = 0.51 kN/m2
00004
Minor spacing between beams SP1 = 0.750 m
Grating load on minor beams WG1 = γG x Sp1 0.191 kN/m
Major spacing between beams SP2 = 1.0 m
Grating load on major beams WG2 = γG x Sp2 0.255 kN/m

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3.1.4. Handrail Load (Permanent)
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Handrail (Dead) Load
Handrail Load HR = 0.25 kN/m

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3.1.5. Lighting/Cable Tray Load
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Cable Tray Load
Table 4.4
GFS IG 34.85.02- Characterictic cable tray load (single level) γC = 1.00 kN/m 2
Gen. (Feb 2018)
Spacing between beams SP = 0.75 m
Grating load on minor beams WG1 = γC x SP1 0.375 kN/m

3.1.6. Sand Bag Load

REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Sand Bag Load
Density of sand γSd = 1.60 kN/m3
Height of protective shield/plate HP = 1.40 m
Spacing between beams SP = 0.750 m
Sand bag load on minor beams through grating SG = γSD x HP x SP1 0.841 kN/m

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3.2. Variable (Imposed) Actions
3.2.1. Roof (Maintenance) Load
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Roof Maintenance Load
Table 6.10
Roof Imposed (Maintenance) Action WM = 0.40 kN/m2
EN1991-1-1
Spacing between purlins SP = 1.0 m
Imposed action on external purlin qk1 = WM x Sp/2 0.200 kN/m
Imposed action on internal purlin qk2 = WM x Sp 0.400 kN/m

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3.2.2. Floor & Platform Load
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Floor & Platform Load
Characterictic floor load γf = 7.50 kN/m2
Minor spacing between beams SP1 = 0.750 m
Grating load on minor beams WG1 = γG x SP1 2.813 kN/m
Major spacing between beams SP2 = 1.0 m
Grating load on major beams WG2 = γG x SP2 3.750 kN/m

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3.2.3. Handrail Load (Variable)
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Handrail (Live Load
Handrail Load HR = 0.25 kN/m

3.2.4. Stairs Load (Variable)

REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Stairs (Live) Load
Stairs Load HST = 0.50 kN/m

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3.3. Variable (Wind) Load
Wind load calculation was derived in accordance to EN1991–1-4, 2005. Extreme wind speed for 50
years return period at 3 seconds gust (35.6m/s) with reference height 10m has been considered for
the wind load calculation.

Wind loads are computed manually for the elements and applied as uniformly distributed loads. See
wind calculation below:
REFERENCE COMPUTATION OUTPUT
Sec. 5.4, ANG-NG01021764-
Maximum mean hourly wind velocity at 10m above ground level, vb,0 = 35.6 m/s
GEN-CX-5501-00001
Sec. 4.3.1, EN 1991-1-4 Orography factor, co(z) = 1.0
How to approximate Wind Convert 3 second gust wind speed to 10 minutes mean wind velocity
velocities at roof level, by Phil v 3 / v 3600 = 1.52
Dregger (Fig. 3) v 600 / v 3600 = 1.06
v 600 = (v600/v 3600) * (v3600/v 3) * v 3 = 24.83 m/s
Basic wind speed (vb) = v600 = 24.83 m/s
Season factor, cseason = 1.0
Directional factor, cdir = 1.0
z0 = 0.05 m
zmin = 2 m
Eqn. 4.1, EN 1991-1-4 v b = cdir*cseason*v b,0 = 35.6 m/s
Density of air, ρ = 1.25 kg/m3
2
Eqn. 4.10, EN 1991-1-4 Basic wind pressure, qb = 0.5ρv b = 0.792 kN/m2
Fig. 4.2, EN 1991-1-4 Exposure factor (Reference height of 3m & Terrain Category O), ce(z) = 3.0
Eqn. 4.8, EN 1991-1-4 Peak velocity pressure at height, z, above terrain; qp(z) = ce(z)*qb = 2.376 kN/m2
Reference height, zs = 3m
Peak factor, kp = 1.0
Eqn. 4.5, EN 1991-1-4 Terrain factor, k r = 0.19(z0/z0,II)0.07 = 0.2460
Roughness factor, Cr(z) = kr*Ln(z/zo) 0.9
Mean wind velocity, vm (z) = cr(z)*co(z)*v b = 22.5 m/s
Turbulence factor, kl = 1.0
Eqn. 4.6, EN 1991-1-4 Standard deviation of turbulence, σv = kr*v b*k l = 8.757
Eqn. 4.7, EN 1991-1-4 Turbulence intensity, Iv = σv/v m (z) = 0.389
Background factor, B2 = 1.0
Appendix B.3, EN 1991-1-4
Resonance response factor, R2 = 1.0
Sec. 6.2, EN 1991-1-4 Structural factor, cscd = 1.0
Eqn. 5.3, EN 1991-1-4 Wind force, Fw = cscd *cf*qp(ze)*Aref =
Where, qp (z) = (1 + 7 . Iv (z)). 1/2 . ρ . V2m (z)

Table 3-1: Computation of Peak velocity pressure

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 Elev. (z) z/z0,II kr In(z/z0) cr(z) vm = cr(z)*vb σv = kr*vb*kl Iv = σv/vm qp [N/m2]
1.00 20 0.234 2.996 0.702 17.43 5.82 0.334 633.4
2.00 40 0.246 3.689 0.907 22.53 6.11 0.271 919.0
3.00 60 0.253 4.094 1.036 25.72 6.28 0.244 1120.6
3.20 64 0.254 4.159 1.057 26.25 6.31 0.240 1155.2
6.90 138 0.268 4.927 1.322 32.81 6.66 0.203 1629.1
8.30 166 0.272 5.112 1.389 34.49 6.75 0.196 1761.3
9.50 190 0.274 5.247 1.439 35.73 6.81 0.191 1862.9

Table 3-2: Wind force on structural members

Wind Load
Unit Aref Wind Force on Elevations, Fw [kN/m]
Element D [mm] cf 2
[m ] 3.2m 6.9m 9.5m
IPE160 160 2.0 0.16 0.370 0.521 0.596
IPE180 180 2.0 0.18 0.416 0.586 0.671
UPN180 180 2.0 0.18 0.416 0.586 0.671
UPE220 220 2.0 0.22 0.508 0.717 0.820
HEA240 240 2.0 0.24 0.555 0.782 0.894
L90x90x12 90 2.0 0.09 0.208 0.293 0.335

Angle of roof inclination θ = Tan-1(0.9/2.6) 19 deg

Table 3-3: External pressure coefficients for duopitch roofs (7.2.5, EN 1991-1-4:2005)
Pitch Angle (Deg) Peak pressure Purlin spacing Structural factor Wind force
Zone
15 30 19 qp s (m) cscd F (kN/m)
F -2.0 -1.5 -1.86 1.86 1.0 1.0 3.47
G -1.5 -1.5 -1.50 1.86 1.0 1.0 2.79
H -0.3 -0.3 -0.30 1.86 1.0 1.0 0.56
I -0.4 -0.4 -0.40 1.86 1.0 1.0 0.75
J -1.5 -0.5 -1.16 1.86 1.0 1.0 2.16
A maximum load of 3.47 kN/m shall be applied on all roof purlins.

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3.4. Basic Load Cases
Basic Load
S/No. Basic Load Cases
Actions Case No.
1 SLW Structure Self weight (-Y direction)
2 RFD Roof Dead Load
Permanent
1 3 GRL Grating Load (30 x 5mm)
DL
4 HRD Handrail Load (Dead)
5 CTL Cable Tray/Lighting Load
6 SBL Sand Bag Load
7 RFM Roof Maintenance Load
Variable 8 FPL Floor & Platform Load
2
VL 9 HRL Handrail Load (Live)
10 STL Stair Load

Wind (X) 11 WX+ Wind Load on +X direction

3
WX 12 WX- Wind Load on -X direction

Wind (Z) 13 WZ+ Wind Load on +Z direction

4
WZ 14 WZ- Wind Load on -Z direction

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3.5. Combination Load Cases
COMB. BASIC LOAD NUMBER
LOAD NBR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
COMB. PERMANENT: DL VARIABLE (IMPOSED): LL WIND: WX WIND: WZ
SLW RFD GRL HRD CTL SBL RFM FPL HRL STL W(+X) W(-X) W(+Z) W(-Z)
101 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0DL
102 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0DL + 1.0LL
103 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
104 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL
105 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
106 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
107 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
SLS
108 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
1.0DL + 0.7LL + 1.0WL
109 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
110 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
111 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
112 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
1.0DL + 1.0WL
113 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
114 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
201 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35DL
202 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.35DL + 1.5LL
203 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9
204 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9
1.35DL + 1.5LL + 0.9WL
205 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9
206 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9
207 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.5
ULS (STR)
208 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.5
1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL
209 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.5
210 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.5
211 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5
212 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5
1.35DL + 1.5WL
213 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5
214 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.5
301 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0DL + 1.3LL
302 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.78
303 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.78
1.0DL + 1.3LL + 0.78WL
304 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.78
305 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.78
306 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 1.3
ULS
307 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 1.3
(GEO) 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL
308 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 1.3
309 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.78 1.3
310 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3
311 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3
1.0DL + 1.3WL
312 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3
313 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3

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4. COMPUTER ANALYSIS RESULTS
For maximum UC and deflection, refer to Appendix A (STAAD.Pro input and output results).
4.1. Maximum Deflection (SLS)
Node L/C X mm Y mm Z mm mm rX rad rY rad rZ rad
Max X 89 11 WIND LOAD (+X) 19.18 1.43 -1.76 19.32 0 0 0
Min X 90 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X -19.19 0.45 -1.88 19.29 0 0 0
Max Y 103 13 WIND LOAD (+Z) -0.01 6.06 2.73 6.65 0 0 0
Min Y 35 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X -7.25 -1.56 -0.19 7.42 0 0 0
Max Z 65 11 WIND LOAD (+X) 14.42 -0.33 3.24 14.79 0 0 0
Min Z 76 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X -7.26 2.15 -3.33 8.28 0 0 0
Max rX 79 12 WIND LOAD (-X) -19.03 2.27 2.82 19.37 0 0 0
Min rX 80 112 1.0DL + 1.0WL-X -19.08 1.1 -2.71 19.3 0 0 0
Max rY 77 112 1.0DL + 1.0WL-X -19.05 0.66 0.75 19.07 0 0 0
Min rY 78 111 1.0DL + 1.0WL+X 19.02 0.65 0.75 19.05 0 0 0
Max rZ 70 13 WIND LOAD (+Z) -0.02 0.92 1.33 1.62 0 0 0
Min rZ 69 13 WIND LOAD (+Z) 0.01 0.92 1.3 1.59 0 0 0
Max Rst 79 12 WIND LOAD (-X) -19.03 2.27 2.82 19.37 0 0 0

Table 4-1: Allowable Deflection

Load Length Relative Allowable
Structural member Direction Member Criteria Remark
Case [mm] Δ [mm] Δ [mm]
IPE 160 Vertical 109 113 916 0.28 L/200 4.58 OK
IPE 180 Vertical 53 104 1000 1.30 L/200 5.00 OK
UPN 180 Horizontal 89 104 4171 6.57 H/300 13.90 OK
UPE 200 Vertical 30 104 627 0.25 L/200 3.14 OK
HE 260 A Horizontal 57 103 2650 7.20 H/300 8.83 OK
SHS 60x60x5 Horizontal 18 103 1400 0.48 H/300 4.67 OK
L 90x90x12 Horizontal 77 104 2366 3.89 H/300 7.89 OK
120ZLMIL50x15 Horizontal 128 114 1500 1.91 L/200 7.50 OK

4.2. Maximum Reactions (ULS STR)

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm
Max Fx 2 208 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL-X 56.78 349.52 -37.16 44.7 0.1 -30.2
Min Fx 4 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -57.59 361.5 -39.79 46.3 -0.1 29.4
Max Fy 4 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -57.59 361.5 -39.79 46.3 -0.1 29.4
Min Fy 2 211 1.35DL + 1.5WL+X -52.72 -234.9 28.09 -27.1 0.1 44.4
Max Fz 2 211 1.35DL + 1.5WL+X -52.72 -234.9 28.09 -27.1 0.1 44.4
Min Fz 4 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -57.59 361.5 -39.79 46.3 -0.1 29.4
Max Mx 4 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -57.59 361.5 -39.79 46.3 -0.1 29.4
Min Mx 3 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -40.2 202.14 22.71 -50.1 -0.5 76.6
Max My 3 208 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL-X 44.53 -62.09 -14.66 21.9 0.6 -76.8
Min My 1 207 1.35DL + 1.05LL + 1.5WL+X -44.46 -66.33 -13.85 23.6 -0.6 76.7
Max Mz 3 211 1.35DL + 1.5WL+X -40.43 162.22 20.77 -41.6 -0.6 76.8
Min Mz 1 212 1.35DL + 1.5WL-X 40.46 161.28 21.93 -40.9 0.6 -76.8

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4.3. Maximum Reactions (SLS)
Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm
Max Fx 2 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X 38.64 249.45 -26.02 32.8 0.1 -17.8
Min Fx 4 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -39.23 259.92 -28.23 34.1 -0.1 17
Max Fy 4 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -39.23 259.92 -28.23 34.1 -0.1 17
Min Fy 4 12 WIND LOAD (-X) 38.02 -200.29 22.52 -25.1 0 -24.1
Max Fz 4 12 WIND LOAD (-X) 38.02 -200.29 22.52 -25.1 0 -24.1
Min Fz 4 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -39.23 259.92 -28.23 34.1 -0.1 17
Max Mx 4 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -39.23 259.92 -28.23 34.1 -0.1 17
Min Mx 3 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -26.75 150.5 16.02 -36.7 -0.3 51
Max My 3 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X 29.75 -25.66 -8.9 11.4 0.4 -51.2
Min My 1 103 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL+X -29.67 -29.1 -8.1 12.8 -0.4 51.1
Max Mz 3 111 1.0DL + 1.0WL+X -26.96 112.47 14.17 -28.6 -0.4 51.2
Min Mz 3 104 1.0DL + 1.0LL + 1.0WL-X 29.75 -25.66 -8.9 11.4 0.4 -51.2

4.4. Maximum Reactions (ULS GEO)

Node L/C Fx kN Fy kN Fz kN Mx kNm My kNm Mz kNm

Max Fx 2 307 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL-X 48.52 289.66 -31.16 36.5 0 -28
Min Fx 4 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -49.19 298.56 -33.17 37.6 -0.1 27.4
Max Fy 4 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -49.19 298.56 -33.17 37.6 -0.1 27.4
Min Fy 2 310 1.0DL + 1.3WL+X -46.16 -211.82 25.01 -24.8 0.1 37.4
Max Fz 2 310 1.0DL + 1.3WL+X -46.16 -211.82 25.01 -24.8 0.1 37.4
Min Fz 4 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -49.19 298.56 -33.17 37.6 -0.1 27.4
Max Mx 4 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -49.19 298.56 -33.17 37.6 -0.1 27.4
Min Mx 3 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -34.86 162.89 18.9 -41 -0.5 66.4
Max My 3 307 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL-X 38.58 -66.12 -13.49 21.4 0.5 -66.5
Min My 1 306 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL+X -38.53 -69.37 -12.96 22.7 -0.5 66.5
Max Mz 3 310 1.0DL + 1.3WL+X -35.03 133.23 17.46 -34.7 -0.5 66.5
Min Mz 3 307 1.0DL + 0.78LL + 1.3WL-X 38.58 -66.12 -13.49 21.4 0.5 -66.5

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Security Tower Analysis Calculation Report
4.5. Member Stress Check/Unity Ratio (ULS STR)
Structural member Component Member Max. UC LC Remark
IPE 160 Rafters 59 0.866 212 OK
IPE 180 Beams 121 0.660 212 OK
UPN 180 Stair stringers 111 0.380 204 OK
UPE 200 External beams 93 0.209 208 OK
HEA 260 Stanchions 39 0.359 207 OK
SHS 60 x 60 x 5 Protective shield frame 11 0.178 212 OK
L 90 x 90 x 12 Diagonal bracing 43 0.651 208 OK

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Security Tower Analysis Calculation Report
5. SECURITY TOWER FOUNDATION DESIGN
The Observation Tower foundation design calculations were carried out according to the procedures
given in the reference codes and standards. The Limit State design approach was used to perform the
design.
Adequate reinforcement steel and member sizes were provided based on the maximum forces and
moments reactions from the analysis of the superstructure. Spreadsheets were used for the
calculations.
This section presents the detailed design calculations for the Security Tower foundation.

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Security Tower Analysis Calculation Report