CALCULOS

DATOS

𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑜 = 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎

𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 = 46.6 °𝐶

𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 41.1 °𝐶

𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛 = 14.9 °𝐶

𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 21.2 °𝐶

Contraflujo

Unidades Fluido caliente@43.85°C Fluido frio@18.05°C

Densidad (kg/m^3) 990.7 998.6
Calor específico (kJ/kgK) 4.179 4.183
Flujo másico (l/min) 1.4 1.5
Viscosidad absoluta (kg/ms) 0.60911x10^-3 1.05504x10^-3
Prandtl 4.0043 7.4312
Conductividad térmica (W/mK) 0.63568 0.59449

Paralelo

𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 = 60.4 °𝐶

𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 51.4 °𝐶

𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛 = 14.8 °𝐶

𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 23.7°𝐶

Unidades Fluido caliente@55.9°C Fluido frio@19.25°C

Densidad (kg/m^3) 985.3 998.4
Calor específico (kJ/kgK) 4.182 4.182
Flujo másico (l/min) 1.5 1.5
Viscosidad absoluta (kg/ms) 0.497x10^-3 1.002x10^-3
Prandtl 3.20 7.01
Conductividad térmica (W/mK) 0.6499 0.598

Cálculo del coeficiente total de transferencia de calor (U) de paralelo

Calculo del coeficiente de transferencia de calor interno (hi)

Datos
∅𝑖𝑛 = 0.0083𝑚
𝑥 = 0.66𝑚

𝑚ℎ =
̇ 𝜌𝑥𝑉

𝑘𝑔 ̇ 𝑙 1𝑚3 1𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚ℎ = 990.7 𝑥1.4 𝑥 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000𝑙 60𝑠
𝑘𝑔
𝑚̇ℎ = 0.02312
𝑠
𝜋 2
𝐴= ∅
4
𝜋
𝐴= (0.0083𝑚)2
4

𝐴 = 5.41𝑥10−5 𝑚2

𝑚̇ℎ
𝑣=
𝜌𝐴

𝑘𝑔
0.02312 𝑠
𝑣=
𝑘𝑔
5.41𝑥10−5 𝑚2 𝑥990.7
𝑚3
𝑚
𝑣 = 0.4313
𝑠
𝑣∅𝜌
𝑅𝑒 =
𝑛
𝑚 𝑘𝑔
0.4313 𝑠 𝑥0.0083𝑚𝑥990.7 3
𝑅𝑒 = 𝑚
−3 𝑘𝑔
0.6091𝑥10 𝑚𝑠

𝑅𝑒 = 5822.42

𝑓 = (0.790𝑙𝑛𝑅𝑒 − 1.64)−2

𝑓 = (0.790ln(5822.42) − 1.64)−2

𝑓 = 0.02132

𝑓
( ) (𝑅𝑒 − 1000)𝑃𝑟
8
𝑁𝑢 =
𝑓 1 2
1 + 12.7(8)2 (𝑃𝑟 3 − 1)

𝑁𝑢 = 25.7595
 𝐾𝑁𝑢
ℎ𝑖 =
∅
𝑊
0.63862 𝑥14.9178
ℎ𝑖 = 𝑚𝐾
0.0083𝑚
𝑊
ℎ𝑖 = 1981.99 𝑚2 𝐾

Calculo del coeficiente de transferencia de calor interno (ho)

Datos
∅𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 0.0095𝑚
∅ℎ = 0.0012𝑚
𝑥 = 0.66𝑚

𝑚𝑐 =
̇ 𝜌𝑥𝑉

𝑘𝑔 ̇ 𝑙 1𝑚3 1𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚𝑐 = 998.6 𝑥1.5 𝑥 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000𝑙 60𝑠
̇ 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑐 = 0.02496
𝑠
𝜋 2
𝐴= ∅
4 ℎ
𝜋
𝐴= ((0.0095𝑚)2 − (0.0083𝑚)2 )
4

𝐴 = 0.000017𝑚2

𝑚̇ 𝑐
𝑣=
𝜌𝐴

𝑘𝑔
0.02496 𝑠
𝑣=
𝑘𝑔
0.000017𝑚2 𝑥998.6
𝑚3
𝑚
𝑣 = 1.4702
𝑠
𝑣∅ℎ 𝜌
𝑅𝑒 =
𝑛
𝑚 𝑘𝑔
1.4702 𝑥0.0012𝑚𝑥998.6 3
𝑠 𝑚
𝑅𝑒 =
−3 𝑘𝑔
1.05504𝑥10 𝑚𝑠

𝑅𝑒 = 1669.86
 ∅
𝐺𝑧𝐷 = ( ) 𝑅𝑒𝑃𝑟
𝑥
0.0012𝑚
𝐺𝑧𝐷 = ( ) 1669.86𝑥7.4312
0.66𝑚

𝐺𝑧𝐷 = 22.56

0.0668𝐺𝑧𝐷
𝑁𝑢 = 3.66 + 2
1 + 0.04𝐺𝑧𝐷 3

𝑁𝑢 = 4.8022

𝐾𝑁𝑢
ℎ𝑜 =
∅
𝑊
0.59449 𝑚𝐾 𝑥4.8022
ℎ𝑜 =
0.0012𝑚
𝑊
ℎ𝑜 = 2379.05
𝑚2 𝐾

1
𝑈=
1 1
+
ℎ𝑖 ℎ𝑜
𝑤
𝑈 = 1131.8
𝑚2 𝐾

Cálculo del coeficiente total de transferencia de calor (U) de contraflujo

Calculo del coeficiente de transferencia de calor interno (hi)

Datos
∅𝑖𝑛 = 0.0083𝑚
𝑥 = 0.66𝑚

𝑚ℎ =
̇ 𝜌𝑥𝑉

𝑘𝑔 ̇ 𝑙 1𝑚3 1𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚ℎ = 985.3 𝑥1.5 𝑥 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000𝑙 60𝑠
𝑘𝑔
𝑚̇ℎ = 0.02463
𝑠
𝜋 2
𝐴= ∅
4
𝜋
𝐴= (0.0083𝑚)2
4
𝐴 = 5.41𝑥10−5 𝑚2

𝑚̇ℎ
𝑣=
𝜌𝐴

𝑘𝑔
0.02463 𝑠
𝑣=
𝑘𝑔
5.41𝑥10−5 𝑚2 𝑥985.3
𝑚3
𝑚
𝑣 = 0.4620
𝑠
𝑣∅𝜌
𝑅𝑒 =
𝑛
𝑚 𝑘𝑔
0.4620 𝑥0.0083𝑚𝑥985.3 3
𝑠 𝑚
𝑅𝑒 =
𝑘𝑔
0.497𝑥10−3
𝑚𝑠

𝑅𝑒 = 7393.76

𝑓 = (0.790𝑙𝑛𝑅𝑒 − 1.64)−2

𝑓 = (0.790ln(7393.76) − 1.64)−2

𝑓 = 0.02019

𝑓
(8) (𝑅𝑒 − 1000)𝑃𝑟
𝑁𝑢 =
𝑓 1 2
1 + 12.7(8)2 (𝑃𝑟 3 − 1)

𝑁𝑢 = 30.839

𝐾𝑁𝑢
ℎ𝑖 =
∅
𝑊
0.6499 𝑚𝐾 𝑥30.839
ℎ𝑖 =
0.0083𝑚
𝑊
ℎ𝑖 = 2414.73 𝑚2 𝐾

Calculo del coeficiente de transferencia de calor interno (ho)

Datos
∅𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 0.0095𝑚
∅ℎ = 0.0012𝑚
𝑥 = 0.66𝑚
𝑚𝑐 =
̇ 𝜌𝑥𝑉

𝑘𝑔 ̇ 𝑙 1𝑚3 1𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚𝑐 = 998.4 𝑥1.5 𝑥 𝑥
𝑚3 𝑚𝑖𝑛 1000𝑙 60𝑠
̇ 𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑐 = 0.02496
𝑠
𝜋 2
𝐴= ∅
4 ℎ
𝜋
𝐴= ((0.0095𝑚)2 − (0.0083𝑚)2 )
4

𝐴 = 0.000017𝑚2

𝑚̇ 𝑐
𝑣=
𝜌𝐴

𝑘𝑔
0.02496 𝑠
𝑣=
𝑘𝑔
0.000017𝑚2 𝑥998.4
𝑚3
𝑚
𝑣 = 1.4705
𝑠
𝑣∅ℎ 𝜌
𝑅𝑒 =
𝑛
𝑚 𝑘𝑔
1.4705 𝑠 𝑥0.0012𝑚𝑥998.4 3
𝑅𝑒 = 𝑚
𝑘𝑔
1.002𝑥10−3 𝑚𝑠

𝑅𝑒 = 1758.26

∅
𝐺𝑧𝐷 = ( ) 𝑅𝑒𝑃𝑟
𝑥
0.0012𝑚
𝐺𝑧𝐷 = ( ) 1758.26𝑥7.01
0.66𝑚

𝐺𝑧𝐷 = 22.4098

0.0668𝐺𝑧𝐷
𝑁𝑢 = 3.66 + 2
1 + 0.04𝐺𝑧𝐷 3

𝑁𝑢 = 4.7958

𝐾𝑁𝑢
ℎ𝑜 =
∅
 𝑊
0.598 𝑚𝐾 𝑥4.7958
ℎ𝑜 =
0.0012𝑚
𝑊
ℎ𝑜 = 2389.91 𝑚2 𝐾

1
𝑈=
1 1
+
ℎ𝑖 ℎ𝑜
𝑤
𝑈 = 1402.4
𝑚2 𝐾

Calculo de área superficial para flujo paralelo

Método NTU

𝐶ℎ = 𝑚̇ℎ 𝐶𝑝ℎ

𝑘𝑔 𝐽
𝐶ℎ = 0.0246 𝑥4.182𝑥103
𝑠 𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑊
𝐶ℎ = 102.87
𝐾

𝐶𝑐 = 𝑚̇ 𝑐 𝐶𝑝𝑐

𝑘𝑔 𝐽
𝐶𝑐 = 0.02496 𝑥4.182𝑥103
𝑠 𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑊
𝐶𝑐 = 104.38
𝐾
𝑊
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐶ℎ = 102.87
𝐾
𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝜀=
𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛

60.4 − 51.4
𝜀=
60.4 − 14.8

𝜀 = 0.1907

𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐶𝑟 =
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑊
102.87 𝐾
𝐶𝑟 =
𝑊
104.38 𝐾
𝐶𝑟 = 0.9855

−ln(1 − 𝜀(1 + 𝐶𝑟 ))
𝑁𝑇𝑈 =
1 + 𝐶𝑟

−ln(1 − 0.1907(1 + 0.9855))

𝑁𝑇𝑈 =
1 + 0.9855

𝑁𝑇𝑈 = 0.2396

𝐴𝑆 𝑈
𝑁𝑇𝑈 =
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑊
0.2396 ∗ 102.87 𝐾
𝐴𝑆 =
𝑊
1402.4 2
𝑚 𝐾

𝐴𝑆 = 0.1757𝑚

Método LMTD

∆𝑇1 − ∆𝑇2
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
∆𝑇1
ln (∆𝑇2)

∆𝑇1 = 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛

∆𝑇1 = (60.4 − 14.8)°𝐶

∆𝑇1 = 45.6°𝐶

∆𝑇2 = 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑡

∆𝑇2 = (51.4 − 23.7)°𝐶

∆𝑇2 = 27.7°𝐶

45.6 − 27.7
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
45.6
ln (27.7)

𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = 35.90

𝑄̇ = 𝐶ℎ (𝑇ℎ𝐼𝑛 − 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 )

𝑊
𝑄̇ = 102.87 (60.4 − 51.4)°𝐶
𝐾
𝑄̇ = 925.83𝑊

𝑄̇
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑈𝑥𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷

925.83𝑊
𝐴𝑠 =
1402.4 𝑊/𝑚2 𝐾𝑥35.90

𝐴𝑠 = 0.01838𝑚2

Calculo de área superficial para contraflujo

Método NTU

𝐶ℎ = 𝑚̇ℎ 𝐶𝑝ℎ

𝑘𝑔 𝐽
𝐶ℎ = 0.02312 𝑥4.179𝑥103
𝑠 𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑊
𝐶ℎ = 96.62
𝐾

𝐶𝑐 = 𝑚̇ 𝑐 𝐶𝑝𝑐

𝑘𝑔 𝐽
𝐶𝑐 = 0.02496 𝑥4.183𝑥103
𝑠 𝑘𝑔𝐾

𝑊
𝐶𝑐 = 104.40
𝐾
𝑊
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐶ℎ = 96.62
𝐾
𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝜀=
𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛

46.6 − 41.1
𝜀=
46.6 − 14.9

𝜀 = 0.173

𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐶𝑟 =
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑊
96.62 𝐾
𝐶𝑟 =
𝑊
104.40 𝐾

𝐶𝑟 = 0.9254
 1 𝜀−1
𝑁𝑇𝑈 = ln ( )
𝐶𝑟 − 1 𝜀𝐶𝑟 − 1

1 0.173 − 1
𝑁𝑇𝑈 = ln ( )
0.9254 − 1 0.173𝑥0.9254 − 1

𝑁𝑇𝑈 = 0.2079

𝐴𝑆 𝑈
𝑁𝑇𝑈 =
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑊
0.2079 ∗ 96.62
𝐴𝑆 = 𝐾
𝑊
1131.8 2
𝑚 𝐾

𝐴𝑆 = 0.1774𝑚

Método LMTD

∆𝑇1 − ∆𝑇2
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
∆𝑇1
ln (∆𝑇2)

∆𝑇1 = 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑡

∆𝑇1 = (46.6 − 21.2)°𝐶

∆𝑇1 = 25.4°𝐶

∆𝑇2 = 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝑇𝑐𝑖𝑛

∆𝑇2 = (41.1 − 14.9)°𝐶

∆𝑇2 = 26.2°𝐶

25.4 − 26.2
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
25.4
ln (26.2)

𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = 25.7979

𝑄̇ = 𝐶ℎ (𝑇ℎ𝐼𝑛 − 𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑡 )

𝑊
𝑄̇ = 96.62 (46.6 − 41.1)°𝐶
𝐾

𝑄̇ = 531.41𝑊
 𝑄̇
𝐴𝑠 =
𝑈𝑥𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷

531.41𝑊
𝐴𝑠 =
1131.8 𝑊/𝑚2 𝐾𝑥25.7979

𝐴𝑠 = 0.0182𝑚2