Академический Документы
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Культура Документы
from::www.ich.org
International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical
Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
• The Need to Harmonise
• important to have an independent evaluation of medicinal products before they
are allowed on the market was reached at different times in different regions.
thalidomide in Europe in the 1960s.
• For most countries, the 1960s and 1970s saw a rapid increase in laws, regulations
and guidelines for reporting and evaluating the data on safety, quality and efficacy
of new medicinal products. The industry, at the time, was becoming more
international and seeking new global markets, however the divergence in technical
requirements from country to country was such that industry found it necessary to
duplicate many time‐consuming and expensive test procedures, in order to market
new products, internationally.
• The urgent need to rationalise and harmonise regulation was impelled by concerns
over rising costs of health care, escalation of the cost of R&D and the need to meet
the public expectation that there should be a minimum of delay in making safe and
efficacious new treatments available to patients in need.
• Mission
• achieving greater harmonization in the interpretation and application of technical
guidelines and requirements for pharmaceutical product registration, thereby
reducing or obviating duplication of testing carried out during the research and
development of new human medicines.
• Launched in 1990, ICH is a unique undertaking that brings together the drug
regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical industry of Europe, Japan and the
United States.
• Regulatory harmonisation offers many direct benefits to both regulatory
authorities and the pharmaceutical industry with beneficial impact for the
protection of public health. Key benefits include: preventing duplication of clinical
trials in humans and minimising the use of animal testing without compromising
safety and effectiveness; streamlining the regulatory assessment process for new
drug applications; and reducing the development times and resources for drug
development.
• Harmonisation is achieved through the development of ICH Tripartite Guidelines.
The Guidelines are developed through a process of scientific consensus with
regulatory and industry experts working side‐by‐side. Key to the success of this
process is the commitment of the ICH regulators to implement the final Guidelines.
Guidelines of the ICH are in 4 areas:
• Safety, Quality, Efficacy and multidisciplinary to
reflect which are the basis for approving and
authorising new medicinal products.
• Quality Guidelines
• Harmonisation achievements in the Quality area include pivotal milestones
such as the conduct of stability studies, defining relevant thresholds for
impurities testing and a more flexible approach to pharmaceutical quality
based on Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) risk management.
• Safety Guidelines
• ICH has produced a comprehensive set of safety Guidelines to uncover
potential risks like carcinogenicity, genotoxicity and reprotoxicity. A recent
breakthrough has been a non‐clinical testing strategy for assessing the QT
interval prolongation liability: the single most important cause of drug
withdrawals in recent years.
• Efficacy Guidelines
• The work carried out by ICH under the Efficacy heading is concerned with the
design, conduct, safety and reporting of clinical trials. It also covers novel
types of medicines derived from biotechnological processes and the use of
pharmacogenetics/genomics techniques to produce better targeted medicines.
• Multidisciplinary Guidelines
• Those are the cross‐cutting topics which do not fit uniquely into one of the
Quality, Safety and Efficacy categories. It includes the ICH medical terminology
(MedDRA), the Common Technical Document (CTD) and the development of
Electronic Standards for the Transfer of Regulatory Information (ESTRI).