ART APPRECIATION REVIEWER  Community Planning

 Efficient organization of buildings and

LESSON 1: ART spaces to meet the physical and aesthetic
needs of the community
Humanities
Creative Disciplines of Art
 Accumulated record of goals, ideas, value,
experiences, and sentiments (G.I.V.E.S.) 1. Visual
a. Painting
Art b. Drawing
c. Sculpture
 Expression 2. Literacy
 Effort + passion + skill 3. Musical
 With human intervention 4. Performing
Principles of Art Subjects of Art
1. Art as an Expression 1. Landscape
 Spiritual → mental → physical 2. Portrait
2. Art as an Experience
 Image of an aware/conscious person, animal,
 Relationship between artist and viewer
3. Art and Creation or group
 Human + resource = art  “Las Meninas”
 nature  Artist: Diego Velasquez
4. Art and Beauty  A portrait within a portrait
 Beauty is relative  Fernando Amorsolo
 Changes in time
 Best portrait artist
 Varies between cultures
 Society dictates beauty  First national artist, 1972
3. Still Life
Functions of Art  Shows lifestyle of artist
 Function = usefulness  Symbolism
 Art has the general function of satisfying: 1)  Memento mori – reminder of death
individual needs for personal expression; 2) social  “The Ambassadors”
needs for display, communication , and  Artist: Holbein
celebration; and 3) physical needs for utilitarian  Both portrait and still life
objects and structures
 Oil painting
1. Personal
 Self-growth and healing 4. Genre
 Expression and communication of feelings and  French word
ideas  Scenes of everyday activities
 Therapeutic value  “Planting Rice”
 Defense against the unpleasant  Artist: Fernando Amorsolo
environment/crowd
 Oil painting
 Educate senses and sharpen perception
 Empathize with others’ situation  “The Reception of the French Ambassador”
 Offers insights to gain a better understanding  Artist: Canaletto
of oneself and the world 5. History and Legend
2. Social  “History of Manila”
 Seeks to influence the collective behavior of  Artist: Carlos V. Francisco
people
 National Artist for Painting
 Created to be seen or used in public
 Expresses or describes social or collective  Mayor’s Office, Manila City Hall
aspects of existence  “Maria Makiling"
3. Physical  “Malakas at Maganda”
 Form follows function 6. Religion and Mythology
 Function → form  “The Adoration of Magi”
  Artist: Giotto 1. Watercolor
7. Dreams and Fantasies  Pigment + water
 Surrealism  Mi ‘tientes
 “The Persistence of Memory”  Watercolor paper
 Artist: Salvador Dali 2. Fresco
 Oil painting  Lime + sand + water + pigment
3. Tempera
Drawing vs. Painting  Egg yolk + water + earth/mineral pigments
 Milk + honey = glaze effect
 Difference in material
 Easily dries after application
 Painting: brush
 Used for religious paintings
 Drawing: pencil/pen
 Most common medium used till the
How to Analyze Artwork intervention of oil in the 13th century
 “Beato Angelico”
1. Subject  Artist: Fra Angelico
2. Technique  The Annunciation with Angel Gabriel and
3. Symbolism Mother Mary
4. Historical Style 4. Encaustic
5. Personal Interpretation  Iron rod
 Application of heat
LESSON 2: PAINTING
 Beeswax + pigment
5. Acrylic
 Uses brush as a tool
 Chemically produced
 Pigment + water = paper gum
 Synthetic
 Gouache
 Opaque painting 6. Oil
 Damian Domingo  Lapiz Lazuli
 Father of Philippine painting  Most expensive oil pigment
 Founded the academy of Fine Arts, the first  Jan Van Eyck
school of painting in Manila (1820)  “Arnolfini Portrait”
 Juan Novicio Luna  “La Gioconda”
 “Spolarium”
 Aka “Mona Lisa”
 “The Parisian Life”
 “La Bulaqueña”  Madonna Lisa di Antonio Maria
 “A Portrait of a Lady” Gherardini
 Paz Pardo de Tavera, Juan Luna’s wife  Tenebrism + sfumato
 Jose Honorato Lozano
 Scenery watercolor painter LESSON 3: DRAWING
 Letras y Figuras
 Letters made of figures  Process of making marks on a surface by applying
 Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo pressure using a tool (ex: pen)
 “La Innocencio”  Most fundamental/basic
 Portrait of Maria Yrritia
 Jose Rizal
 Louvre
 World’s largest art museum  “Father of Philippine Cartoon”
 Leonardo Da Vinci
Elements of Painting  Vetruvian Man
1. Paint or Pigment  Organs
2. Brush  Helicopter
3. Canvas Types of Drawing
Mediums of Painting 1. Sketch
2. Cartoon (cartone)  Building
3. Finished Work  Putting together pieces of block of materials
 Applicable to architecture
LESSON 4: TECHNIQUES
Mediums of Sculpture
 Tricks artists use to come up with better artworks
1. Chiaroscuro 1. Wood
 Blending light and shade on objects to create 2. Ivory
an illusion of space 3. Glass
 Michaelangelo di Caravaggio  “Edsa Shrine”
 Father of Chiaroscuro  Artist: Ramon Orlina
2. Tenebrism  Murano – expensive glass
 Intensified or exaggerated chiaroscuro 4. Marble
 Larger amount of dark areas beside smaller  Carrara
areas of light for emphasis  Often used type of marble (cheap)
 Darkness overpower artwork Classification of Sculptures
3. Sfumato
 Dissolve outline of objects 1. Free-Standing
4. Foreshortening  Sculpture in a round
 Technique or illusion  Can be seen from more than one position
 Objects/limbs project out of the flat canvas  “Our Lady of Peace/Edsa”
 “Supper at Emmaus”  Artist: Virginia Ty Navarro
 Artist: Michaelangelo di Caravaggio 2. Relief
5. Anamorphosis  Objects project from a flat background
 Technique of distorting an image  Bas relief
 Necessary to view it in a specified manner to  Raised from background
recognize it  Incised
 Inside of the outline is the one carved out
LESSON 5: PROPS
3. Kinetic
 Moving sculptures
 Theatrical properties  Art + physics
 Objects used by actor
 Aim to enhance realism Methods of Making Sculpture

Types of Props 1. Carving

 Removing unwanted portions of the raw
1. Hand props material to reveal the form
2. Set props  Most difficult method
3. Trim props  Miniature model in plaster
4. Set dressing props  Ask assistant to do forming
5. Environment props  Master/artist do finishing touches
LESSON 6: SCULPTURE  “Pieta”
 Artist: Michaelangelo di Caravaggio
 Historical style  Jesus and Mary
 Patron of Arts: St. Luke  Only artwork with his signature
 Aesthetic art defined by the technique of 2. Casting
modeling  Begins with production of negative mold
 Modeling  Metal: gold, silver, bronze, copper
 Shaping a single block of mass material into a  Metal is poured to the mold to form the solid
3-dimensional form mass
  Cool and solidify, outer mold is removed
 “lost wax method”
 Most expensive method
 Most expensive metal: platinum
 “Oble”
 Artist: Guillermo Tolentino
3. Modeling
 Additive process
 Materials: clay and wax
 Permits artists to rework material or modify
 Armature
 Framework to support clay or wax
 Metal wire is usually used
4. Fabrication
 Developed in the 20th century due to rising
cost of materials
 Employs method of joining or fastening
 Nailing, soldering, welding
 “People Power Monument”
 Artist: Eduardo Castrillo
 Patina
 oxidation