Table of Content

Acknowledgement ……......................................................... i

Abstract ……………………………………………... ii

Table of Content ……………………………………………… iii

Chapter I: Introduction

Background of the Study ……………………………….... 1

Theoretical Framework …………………………………... 3
Conceptual framework ………………………………....... 4
Statement of the problem ………………………………... 5
Hypothesis ………………………………...... 6
Significant of the Study ……………………………………
Scope and Delimitation …………………………………... 7
Definition of Terms ………………………………………..

Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature ……………………………………………... 8

Related Studies ……………………………………........ 10

Chapter III

Methodology

Research Design …………………………………………. 12

Research Locale/ Locale of the study ………………………….
Population Sampling Procedure ………………………………. 13
Instrument ………………………………………………………...
Validity and Reliability ………………………………….............
Ethical Consideration ………………………………….... 14
Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………………...
Statistical Tools …………………………………………..
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

REGION IX, ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA

DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA CITY

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

J.L CANDIDO DRIVE, TALON- TALON ZAMBOANGA CITY

“MOBILE PHONE: FREQUENCY OF USAGE AND THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF TALON-

TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”

SUBMITTED BY:

DAGANI, EFFALHYN

CLARION, JESSA

JALALI, SHERALYN

JAMAANI, BADREENA

MADJARANI, BONISA

NUR, SAMIKHAN

SABADDIN MOHAMMAD

TIGO, BEVANNE JAIRAH

SCHOOL YEAR, 2019-2020

 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

A mobile phone is a device that can basically make and receive calls over
a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area (Pew Research Center,
2010) .In recent years, different types of phones have been produced by different
manufacturer. Modern phones support very wide range variety of other services
apart from making and receiving calls and messages. This include; MMS, e-mail,
internet access, short range wireless communications, business, applications,
gaming and photography

In 1973, 10 years before cell phone was first released onto the market, the
first cell phone was made by Motora Researcher and executive Martin Cooper.
Mobile phones are powerful. It is the medium use for education, communication,
and connection between people regardless of their distance from other people.
Mobile device brings a lot of changes in people’s lives.

Each phone has a unique features, uses, capacities, and modes. Most
people who depend and benefit from this device are students. Not all students are
used in visiting libraries. Most of them depend on their mobile devices for gathering
various data. With this device, they can gain or increase their knowledge or they
can spoil themselves.

Tindell and Bohlander (2012) suggest that University students frequently

use the cell phone during class time despites rules against doing so. Charles
Hymas (2018) also added that the younger generation is the most addicted. Those
aged 15 to 24 on average spend four (4) hours a day on the phone compared with
2 hours 49 minutes for all adults. The young also check their phones every 8.6
minutes, more frequently than any other age group. Some students find
themselves during class hour bored. With this, they tend to use their mobile
devices to be entertained.

As cell phone technology continues its rapid development, the device

appears capable of contributing to student learning and improved academic
performance. The recent rapid increase in cell phones has influenced multiple
aspects of our daily lives, particularly those of students. Therefore, the aims of the
study is to determine the influence of the mobile phone usage on academic
performance among male and female students.

Mobile phones are undeniably convenient, helpful tools for study for study
and can be hurtful source of distraction depending on the attitude and use of
pattern of a student. However, spending a lot of time on mobile phone would
contribute negative effect and application usage while studying on student’s
academic performance.

The researchers have chosen this study to determine the frequency usage
of mobile phones of the students. In addition, the researcher would like to know
the significant relation of frequency usage of this tool to their academic
performance. It is widely known that most students spend most of their time
entertaining themselves using mobile phones as a medium. The utilization of this
convenient tool could either develop and improve their skills in a higher level or
could affect and lower the level of their performance in the school.

This area of interest was chosen because of the unregulated usage and
over dependent attitude on these devices especially among our secondary school
students. Using the mobile phones people can easily access on the internet that
helps the people to live in automatic world or can make things lighter. The
researchers would also like to contribute beneficial information not only among the
students but to the teachers and the administration as well.
1.2 Theoretical Framework

M-learning literature is experiencing increased focus on the issues of the

effectiveness (Evans 2008), evaluation (Wu et al., 2012) development of
personalized system (Hwang and Tsai, 2011) and more recently, learning
frameworks (Ally and Prieto-Blazquez., 2014). This points to the on-going debate
of finding the most appropriate framework to use and integrate into higher
education system.

The learning process will continue to change as lecturers incorporate

technologies in class rooms. This is high time to evaluate the future of higher
education and see how incorporating technologies can disrupt information access
and quality of the learning process (Ahmad, 2015).

Many models attempt to find the right mix. In general terms, these
pedagogies are essentially theories of learning predicted on an assumption that
learning occurs in the classroom environment. Mobile technology has upset this
notion and has advanced newer perspectives by emphasizing collaboration,
personalization and authenticity.

The research employs the use of “Theory of Planned Behavior “(TPB). The theory
proposed a model in order to measure how human actions are guided. It predicts
the occurrences of a particular behavior, provided that the behavior is intentional.
The theory contains three variables that are used to predict intention to perform a
particular behavior provided the behavior is intentional. The intention stands as
cursive agents of behaviors. The TPB is hereby used to predict factors explaining
variances on intention and behaviors of cell phone usage in the classroom. It was
reported that between 25.6% and 34% of explained variance in behavior in the
previous researches was the applications of the TPB. The present study is
designed based on the principles of TPB to explore attitude, subjective norm, and
perceived behavioral control, in relation to students’ intention to use cell phone in
the classroom. Whether or not the variables influence students’ behavior intention
 in using cell phone in the classroom. Attitude toward the behavior is a person’s
overall evaluation of the behavior performed or to be performed. This Behavior can
be determined based on two beliefs: 1) belief about the consequences of the
behavior (behavior belief) and 2) positive or negative judgment of the behavior
(outcome evaluation). Subjective norms are a person’s own estimate of the social
pressure to perform or not to perform the target behavior.

1.3 Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Frequency and
academic performance.
Mobile phones

 Gender
 Track/Strand

Figure 1.1 Shows the Relation of the two variables and the factors of the study.

This table shows the relationship between the independent and dependent
variable. Mobile phone is the independent variable because it can stand alone.
Then on the other side will be the Frequency and Academic performance is the
dependent variable. The bottom would be the factors that affect the dependent
variable. Gender is included, because the pattern of usage of mobile phones
depends upon the gender of an individual. It has been studied that women
frequently use mobile phones than those of men. Diverse tracks also affects the
frequent usage of mobile phones. It includes the academic and other tracks.

1.4Statement of the problem

This study aims to know the frequency usage of mobile phones on the
Senior High Students of Talon-Talon National High School. More specifically it
seeks to find the answers for the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Strand

2. What is the frequency of mobile phone usage of the respondents?

3. What is the academic performance of the respondents?

4. Is there a significant difference on the frequency usage when students are

grouped according to:

4.1. Gender

4.2 Track/Strand.

5. Is there a significant relation between the frequency usage of mobile phones

and the academic performance of the students?
1.5 Research Hypothesis

The researcher will be presenting a null hypothesis as a guide in

accomplishing the study.

There is no significant relation between the students’ frequent use of mobile

phones and their academic performance.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The study can benefit both students and teachers to be aware about the
findings of the study. The study will tell the frequency usage of mobile phone and
its relation to the level of performance of the students.

It will also show us the positive and negative side of frequently use of mobile
phones. This will give us a hint what is the next step that we must supposed to do
in order to improve the student’s performance higher.

School administration. The findings of the study will help the school‘s future
plans on how to deal with this issue. For them to be able to determine the main
cause of the issue in order to give them an idea, and improve their strategy in
ending the issue.

Students. The findings of the study will serve as guide for the students to know
how mobile phones affect their performance inside the classroom. For the
awareness of the students in their weaknesses can lead to improvement and
success.
Teachers. The study will give the teachers an idea on how mobile phones affect
the performance of a student. It will give the teacher the benefit of having an insight
about the prerequisite steps they can use to improve their way of teaching and
enhancing the student’s performance.

Future Researcher. The study may serve as a basis for the next future researcher
which will serve as related studies. Conducting a same study will give us a wider
perspective about the effects of adhering oneself in using mobile phones.

1.7 Scope and Delimitation

The study will be conducted to determine the frequency usage of

mobile phones and its significant relation to the academic performance of the
students. The respondents of this study are the ABM, HUMSS, STEM and TVL
Senior High students of Talon-Talon National High School.

1.8 Definition of terms

 ABM – Accountancy, business, and management strand. A strand which

primarily focuses on the basic concepts of financial, business
management.

 Academic performance – is the extent to which a student, teacher or

institution has achieved their short or long-term educational benchmarks
such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor’s degrees represent
academic achievement. This is the basis of the study to know the level
of the performance of the student.
 Effect – a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other
cause.The basis of the study in order to know the result of the mobile
phones in the academic performance.

 Frequency – is the number of occurrences of validating event per unit

of time.

 HUMSS – stands for “Humanities and Social Sciences” which means it

covers not only political science, literature, anthropology, philosophy,
and communication are included in it.

 Mobile Phones – is a wireless handheld device that allows users to

make and receive calls and to send text messages, among other
features. It is the center material of the study.

 STEM – stands for “Science, Technology, Engineering and

Mathematics. A strand which focuses on specific disciplines science,
technology, engineering and mathematics.

 Students – Student is primarily a person enrolled in a school or other

school educational institution who attends classes in a course to attain
the appropriate level of mastery of a subject under the guidance of an
instructor and who devotes time outside class to do whatever activities.
They are the respondent who will answer the given questionnaire.

 TVL – stands for “Technical Vocational Livelihood”.

 Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE

The study aims to identify the frequency usage of mobile phones in the
academic performance of the students in Talon-Talon National High School. The
following articles will support the study and helps the study more concrete.

2.1 Related Literature

According to Dietz and Henrich (2014), using cell phones in the classroom
has been connected with lower recall and a decrease in student’s satisfaction with
instruction.

According to Sana, Westone, and Cepeda (2013), comprehension has

also lessened when student’s use electronic devices for non-educational
purposes. Alarmingly, research shows that even students in proximity to the other
using this technology are more likely to perform poorer in the classroom, even
when they were not personally using technology.

When looking at why students use cell phones for non-educational

purposes, it was found that students find their devices more exciting and
stimulating that what is happening in their class (Sana et al., 2013)

A study by Wood et al. (2012) found that students who used Facebook
during a classroom lecture had significantly lower scores on tests of the lecture
material than students who only used notes taken with paper and pencil.

Students who believe they can multitask may be more likely to believe they
can use their cell phones and pay attention during class (Kuznekoff, Munz, and
Titsworth, 2015).
 There is an assumption from many educators that mobile phones in class
interrupt learning, creating student hesitance to be seen on the devices
(Kuznekoff and Titsworth, 2013)

According to Gowthami and VenkataKrishnaKumar (2016), and

Kuznekoff and Titsworth (2013), the application and usage of smartphones by
students are distracting to users and people around them.

Furthermore, the ability for the devices to emit loud noises such as the
ringing from incoming calls and screen brightness means they have the capacity
to distract not only the phone user, but surrounding students as well (Thomas and
O’Bannon, 2013).

Modern cell phones enable users to access a variety of electronic media at

almost any time and any place. Popular activities such as playing video games,
surfing the internet, and monitoring social media sites are now all easily
accomplish with most cell phones. Researchers have linked each of this activities,
independent of cell phone use, to academic performance. For example, heavy
game playing has been associated with lower GPAs (Jackson, et al., 2011).

Chen and Tzeng (2010) found that among heavy internet users information
seeking was associated with better academic performance, while video games
playing was associated with lower levels of academic performance.

Indeed, several studies reveals that students frequently report using a

variety of electronic media including cell phones while in class, studying, and doing
homework (Jacobsen and Forste 2011).
2.2 Related Studies

Impact of mobile phone on Education, The aim of the research is to assess

the impact of mobile phone in learning as they enhance students’ learning in
different ways. Mobile phones easily promote collaborative and different types of
learning through their wireless connection to the internet. In the classroom, mobile
phones motivate students to lessen promoting learner-centered participation. This
indicates the dynamic support that the mobile phone has brought the students’
learning practice.

According to Barker, Kull, and Mallinson (2016), the impacts of

mobile phone technologies on learning are portability, collaboration and motivation
enhancing students, parents and teachers’ education system. The mobile phone
portability enables students learning to ubiquitous in obtaining or retrieving course
information through their mobile phones as they are carried from class to class or
whatever. Their portability can improve a wide variety of learning settings, namely
a field trip, the classroom, or outside the campus. Collaboration social networks
such as Facebook and Twitter accessed on students’ mobile phones allow
students to form groups to distribute and add together their knowledge, and share
information with ease, and this could result in more successful collaborative
learning. The use of mobile phones results in increasing parents’ involvement in
education, and thus their children’s learning and capabilities. Motivation where
mobile phone are incorporated in a large classroom, students’ will do learn. They
take the initiative in using the device as a learning tool. Teachers report that the
use of mobile phones in learning increases group participation in activities done
during learning in class.

In recent years, most of the global population(especially college and

university students, use smart phones, due to its wide range applications. While
beneficial in numerous ways, Smartphone have disadvantages such as reduction
in work efficacy, personal attention, social nuisance, and psychological addiction.
According to the study of Subramani Parasuraman, Aaseer Thamby Sam, and
Lee Yu Ren (2016), currently, the addiction to smart phones among students is
24.8%-27.8%, and it is progressively increasing every year. Mobile phone has
become an integral part to students with regard to managing critical situations and
maintaining social relationships. This behavior may reduce thinking capabilities,
affect cognitive functions, and induce dependency.

The sign of Smartphone addiction are constantly checking the phone for
no reason, feeling anxious or restless without the phone, waking up in the middle
of the night to check the mobile and communication updates, delay in professional
performance as a result of prolonged phone activities, and distracted with smart
phone application. This study was approved by Human and Animal Ethics
Committee of AIMST University.
 Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

This research will adopt the descriptive method. This study will use a
quantitative descriptive type of research to find relation between the frequency
usage of mobile phones and the students’ academic performance. Student were
obtain through a survey questionnaire in which 10 student will be selected as the
respondents of the study.

This research will utilize the Convenient Sampling Procedure. Primary data
will be collected by giving the respondent several questions to be answered.

3.2 Research Locale

The respondent of this study are the selected Senior High students of Talon-
Talon National High School located inJ.L Candido Drive Talon-Talon Zamboanga
City.

The researcher will be conducting their study in Talon-Talon National High

School. Because they want to know what is the frequency usage of mobile phones
in student academic performance of Senior High School of Talon-Talon National
High School.
3.3 Population and Sampling Procedure

The respondents of this study are Senior High Student of Talon-Talon National
High School. There are ten (10) respondents from each Strand of Senior High
Curriculum.

The researchers will be using a non-probability sampling, primarily the

convenient random sampling procedure will be utilize to find out the frequency
usage of mobile phones and student academic performance.

3.4 Research Instrument

The researchers will provide a set of questions to be answered by the

respondents. A set of questions will be introduced and checklist questionnaire will
be utilized and will be given to the respondents. It will introduce by checklist
questionnaire in order to have approval of the researcher. The survey
questionnaire is checklists formed and ha

3.5 Validity and Reliability

The researchers will provide a copy of questionnaire to be validated. To

establish reliability and validity, the researchers will convert the expertise of the
panel. After that the researchers will more to pilot testing of the questionnaire when
permission to conduct the study in grouted, the researchers will ask a concept from
the respondent to participate in the study. The researchers will distribute the
questionnaire to the respondent if the consent is formally approved.

The researchers will be giving enough time to answer each question stated in
the questionnaire. The findings of the study will undergo evaluation and
interpretation through statistical tools.
3.6 Ethical Consideration

The researcher will follow the basic ethical principles in research for conducting
the study. The researcher will provide confidentiality in handling all information of
the respondents. No harm will be imposed to the subjects, either physical or
psychological. In keeping and identifying the results of the study under the
condition of obscurity will be strictly observed.

The researcher will attach a consent below and request the respondents to sign
to guarantee that their participation is completely voluntary. The researcher will
explain the rights that the respondents have in making choices based on their
beliefs and values.

3.7 Data Gathering

For the purpose of this study, formal letter will be requested by the researcher
to administer the questionnaire that will be given to the School’s principal office in
Talon-Talon National High School.

The researcher will be handling the questionnaire personally. The researcher

will facilitate then collect the answered questionnaire. Their feedback will be the
backbone of the study.

3.8 Statistical Tools

The gathered data will be tallied and treated statistically to interpret the data

effectively. The researchers will utilize percentage and weighted mean to interpret

the data.
1. Percentage

This will employ to know the frequency counts and percentage

distribution of personal related variables at the respondents

𝐹
Formula: % = 𝑁 x 100

% is the percentage

F is the frequency

N is the total number of respondents

100 a constant value

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

REGION IX, ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA

DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA CITY

TALON-TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

J.L CANDIDO DRIVE, TALON- TALON ZAMBOANGA CITY

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

“MOBILE PHONE: FREQUENCY OG USAGE AND THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT OF TALON-
TALON NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”

Part I- Respondent’s Profile

Directions:

Name Gender

Age Strand

Part II - Frequency of mobile phone…..

Directions: