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Objective
The main objective is to set up a Local Area Network, concepts involved in this network are
IP addressing and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). The required equipments are
192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3, Host A Host B Host C, Switch/HUB, three PC`s
equipped with at least oneNIC, one HUB or Switch and the necessary cables. Once the physical
LAN is set up the hosts need to be configured using the ifconfig command. To verify
communication among the machines the ping command is used. Next, to manipulate the routing
tables at the hosts to understand how machines know where to send packets. Since the ifconfig
command places a default route into the routing tables this route must be deleted. to´blindfoldˇ
the machine. The ping command is used again to show that communication is no longer
available. To re-establish communication the routes are put back into the routing table one host
at a time. Communication is once again verified using the ping command.
REQUIREMENTS:
PROCEDURES:
PC-2 IP ADDRESS:
PC-3 IP ADDRESS:
Graphical View :
ARP Table For Switch :
ARP is Layer 2 to Layer 3 mapping; if our switches are Layer 2 and pings are on the same
network, there is no arp cash on switches.
PING PC 1 - PC 2 :
ping command is a Network Utility Command. ping tools use Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP). ping used to verify the connection between source PC to Destination PC.
c:>ping 192.168.1.3
PING PC 1 - PC 3
c:>ping 192.168.1.3
OSI LAYER ARCHITECTURE:
Objective
The main objective is to extend routing connection by using multiple routers. The concepts
include IP addressing and basic network routing principles. Connect two LANs topology.
During router configuration attention is paid to the types of interfaces as additional issues are
involved with set-up. For example, the serial interfaces require clocking mechanisms to be set
correctly. Once the interfaces are working the ping command is used to check for
communication between LANs. The failure of communication illustrates the need for routes to
be established inside the routing infrastructure. Static routes are used to show how packets can
be transported through any reasonable route. It is run trace route on two different configurations
to demonstrate the implementation of different routes.
REQUIREMENTS:
PROCEDURES:
ROUTER R1 CONFIGURATION
Router#
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#
ROUTER R2 CONFIGURATION
Router#
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#
PC CONFIGURATION:
PC-1>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::2E0:8FFF:FEBC:1B4C
IP Address......................: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.1
PC-2>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::260:2FFF:FE61:B37C
IP Address......................: 192.168.1.3
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.1
PC-3>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::250:FFF:FE6D:ED85
IP Address......................: 192.168.2.2
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.2.1
PC-4>ipconfig
FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::201:64FF:FE76:7A08
IP Address......................: 192.168.2.3
Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway.................: 192.168.2.1
RESULT:
Objective:
This case study addresses the issue of integrating Routing Information Protocol
(RIP) networks with Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) networks. Most OSPF
networks also use RIP to communicate with hosts or to communicate with
portions of the inter-network that do not use OSPF. This case study should
provide examples of how to complete the following phases in redistributing
information between RIP and OSPF networks, including the following topics:
REQUIREMENTS:
PROCEDURES:
A RIP network illustrates a RIP network. Four sites are connected with serial
lines. The RIP network uses a Class C address. Each site has a contiguous set of
network numbers
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0/1
ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
!
router rip
network 192.168.2.0
network 192.168.3.0
network 192.168.4.0
NETWORK TOPOLOGY:
Most OSPF networks also use RIP to communicate with hosts or to communicate
with portions of the inter-network that do not use OSPF. Cisco supports both the
RIP and OSPF protocols and provides a way to exchange routing information
between RIP and OSPF networks.
Mutual redistribution between RIP and OSPF networks is running both OSPF and
RIP.
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
redistribute rip subnets
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
router rip
redistribute ospf 1 metric 10
network 192.168.2.0
For a Cisco router, the IOS command show ip route displays the routes in the
routing table. There are several types of routes that can appear in the routing
table:
Directly-Connected Routes:
When the router powers up, the configured interfaces are enabled. As they
become operational, the router stores the directly attached local network
addresses as connected routes in the routing table. For Cisco routers, these routes
are identified in the routing table with the prefix C. These routes are
automatically updated whenever the interface is reconfigured or shutdown.
Static Routes:
The default route is a type of static route which specifies a gateway to use when
the routing table does not contain a path to use to reach the destination network.
It is common for default routes to point to the next router in the path to the Internet
Service Provider. If a subnet has only one router, then that router is automatically
the default gateway, because all network traffic to and from that local network
has no option but to travel through that router.
RIP:
OSPF: