Clean Development Mechanism

and Green Buildings

 Background to CDM

• It is an arrangement under the Kyoto Protocol

allowing industrialized countries with a
greenhouse gas reduction commitment to
invest in projects that reduce emissions in
developing countries with UNFCCC

www.marsvapours.com
 Background to CDM
Industrialized Country
Obtain CERs to meet Kyoto target for Greenhouse
gas emission reduction

Developing Country
Implement energy efficiency projects that
contribute to sustainable development and
reduce greenhouse gas emissions
www.marsvapours.com
 Background to CDM

Voluntary
The credits have to be certified and registered
by UNFCCC
Set of strict procedures
Produce carbon credits called CERs
CERs or Certified Emissions reductions are
a certificate just like a stock

www.marsvapours.com
Green House Gases

www.marsvapours.com
 CDM Potential in Green Buildings

• Buildings (comm. + resid.) is an important

energy consumer (30-50% of total)
• energy saving potential is often large
• goal of Green Building( optimize energy
performance w/o compromising the
human comfort and well-being)

www.marsvapours.com
 CDM and Green Buildings
Clean Development Mechanism is a strong
advocate of sustainable /green design which
addresses various aspect of design such as
• Affect on environment
• Selection of construction material
• Water efficiency
• Energy efficient mechanical system;
• and more
www.marsvapours.com
Green Buildings

www.marsvapours.com
 Green Buildings-CDM

 Demand Side Efficiency: Initiatives which

• reduces power demand through either
• electric or thermal efficiency.
• Insulation in Wall
• High performance glazing
• Terrace garden or High Albedo roof
• Energy efficient bulbs
• Pumps
• Motors
• Air conditioners

www.marsvapours.com
 Green Buildings-CDM
 Supply Side Efficiency: Initiatives which
• increase the efficiency of power produced
• Improved fuel combustion
• Waste heat recovery and utilization
 Clean energy production: Production of energy from
cleaner sources than baseline energy consumption.
• Renewable energy production (wind, solar, biomass,
hydro) or
• fuel switch from dirty to cleaner fuels (e.g. coal or
diesel to natural gas).

www.marsvapours.com
 Methodologies-Baseline

 If a project gets 20,000 CER’s

it means that it’s emissions
are 20,000 tonnes of carbon
dioxide less than a reference
point called a baseline.

 A baseline for a CDM project

gives the greenhouse gases
emissions that would have
occurred in the absence of
the proposed CDM project
activity.

www.marsvapours.com
 Methodologies-Baseline
There are three approaches to establishing baselines :
 Existing actual or historical emissions, as applicable
 Emission from a technology that represents an
economically attractive course of action, taking into
account barriers to investment
 The average emissions of similar project activities
undertaken in the previous five years, in similar social,
economic, environmental and technological
circumstances, and whose performance is among the
top 20 per cent of their category.

www.marsvapours.com
1st Case Study

www.marsvapours.com
 1st Case Study: Features
 Exposure of glass wall area-
The glazing used in the
building is of high
performance double glazed
panels coated with reflective
low “e”- glass panes and
having low U-value and solar
heat gain coefficient.

 Roof insulation - U-value of

the roof kept low with R-15
extruded polystyrene
insulation and roof gardening.

www.marsvapours.com
 1st Case Study: Features
 Air Handling Unit - Each AHU is
provided with a VFD driven supply air
blower and each AHU room has a Heat
Recovery Wheel (HRW) with a supply
air fan and return air fan.
 Chillers - two 650 TR water-cooled
centrifugal chillers with COP of 6.1 are
installed & a 300 TR water-cooled
screw chiller with COP of 5.5, kept as a
standby.
 Cooling Towers - There are two 1700
TR cooling towers in the HVAC system
for cooling the water used as cooling
medium in the HVAC system of the
building.

www.marsvapours.com
2nd Case Study

www.marsvapours.com
 2nd Case Study: Features
 Energy Efficient design of wall
construction – Materials with
better insulation properties.
 Energy efficient design of the
roof construction – Over deck
insulation and roof garden.
 Energy efficient glass wall area –
high
performance glazing (double glazed
glass with
low U-value, optimum light
transmission and
optimum shading coefficient.
www.marsvapours.com
 2nd Case Study: Features

Energy Efficient design of

the HVAC system.
This includes:
• High performance chillers
• VFD (Variable frequency
drives) for AHU and chilled
water pumps
• Heat Recovery wheels.
www.marsvapours.com
Our Specialty include

www.marsvapours.com
 Building compliance evaluation
 ECBC Compliance evaluation
 GRIHA compliance evaluation, calculation of energy performance
index.
 LEED ® energy calculation – ASHRAE 90.1 2004, 90.1 (2007) Base
case Modeling
• Energy and atmosphere - minimum energy performance (EApr2)
• Energy and atmosphere - Optimized energy performance(EA Cr 1)
• Energy and atmosphere - Renewable energy utilization
(quantification of energy required)(EA Cr2)
• Environment quality – Daylight and Views (EQ8.1, 8.2)
• Evaluation of thermal comfort in Non AC Areas (CIBSE standards)
EQ-CR6
 BEE Star rating energy performance index evaluation

www.marsvapours.com
 Analysis
• Site solar studies
• Bioclimatic design assistance
• Building and window level shading analysis
• Daylight availability analysis and Glazing VLT selection
• Energy simulation
• Artificial lighting optimization
• Daylight integration and controls
• High performance façade design – integrated design solution for façade selection and cost benefit analysis
• Modeling and simulation selection of Building envelope parameters
• HVAC System optimization and development of control strategy (coil load optimization , plant size
optimization ,
• Chiller selection and sequencing , controls)
• Design of hybrid buildings ( mix of best options in between Non air conditioned and air conditioned
buildings)
• Road and area lighting optimization
• Recommendation for improving Landscape features for better ventilation and thermal comfort.
• Low energy cooling systems evaluation (earth air tunnel, single and 2 stage evaporative cooling)

www.marsvapours.com
 Special Analysis

Solar passive element design ,

 Renewable energy solutions evaluation,
 Life cycle cost analysis ,
 Cost benefit analysis,
 Thermal comfort benefits analysis.
 Energy cost budget analysis (tradeoff
calculations)

www.marsvapours.com
 Building Rating Facilitation and
Documentation Support
LEED ® USGBC
 LEED ® IGBC
 GRIHA
 BEE Building star rating

www.marsvapours.com
Thank You

Visit us at
www.marsvapours.com
Mail us
info@marsvapours.com