Pre-AP Precalculus 1A.

2 Transformations
Remember our Transformation Equation for f(x): 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎(𝑏(𝑥 − ℎ)) + 𝑘.
Transformations: _________________that map _______ __________________to _______ ___________________.
Rigid transformations: leave the size and shape of a graph unchanged, these include ______________
__________________, ______________ _______________, ________________, or any combination.

Non-rigid transformations, which generally distort the shape of a graph, these include _____________________
or _________________ ______________ and ______________________________.

Given: f(x) = −3|𝑥 + 2| − 1 fill in the table below:

Describe the Transformation Is this piece of the

transformation
Rigid or Non-Rigid?
a=
b=
h=
k=

Graph f(x) = −3|𝑥 + 2| − 1 in 4 steps:

1
Given: f(x) = 2 |−𝑥 − 4| fill in the table below:

Describe the Transformation Is this piece of the

transformation
Rigid or Non-Rigid?
a=
b=
h=
k=
 1
Practice: Graph f(x) = 2 |−𝑥 − 4| in 4 steps:
(Watch it! Order matters here because of the b-value)

You Transform the graph of y = f(x) shown to the graph of y = f (-x – 2) + 4 in 3 steps:

You Explore: Inside/Outside Absolute Value Transformation:

Given the graph of y = f(x):
a) The graph y = |f(x)| can be obtained by reflecting the portion of the graph below the x-axis across
the x-axis, leaving the portion above the x-axis unchanged.
b) The graph of y = f(|x|) can be obtained by replacing the portion of the graph to the left of the y-
axis by a reflection of the portion to the right of the y-axis across the y-axis, leaving the portion to
the right of the y-axis unchanged. (The result will show even symmetry.)

Example:

The graph of y = f(x) is shown at the right.

a) Hypothesize what each function below will look like using your
definitions from above, by sketching each graph. (Caution: the
graph to the right does NOT have a vertex on the y-axis. )
b) Critique your definition based on what you observed in part a.

1. 𝑦 = |𝑓(𝑥)| 2. 𝑦 = 𝑓(|𝑥|) 3. 𝑦 = −|𝑓(𝑥)| 4. 𝑦 = |𝑓(|𝑥|)|