REPORTED QUESTION

LECTURER

Dien Mardiyana Yulianty, SS, M.Pd

ARRANGE BY

GROUP 8

Ananda Tasyia Dewi (11180960000025)

Fanny Amelia (11180960000018)

Siti Sumayah (11180960000033)

Chemistry

Faculty of Science and Technology

Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

2018
 PARTS OF SPEECH
(ARTICLES)

An article is a kind of adjective which is always use with and gives some information
about a noun. There are only two articles a and the, but they are used very often and are
important for using english accurately.

The word a (which becomes an when the next words begins with a vowel (a,e, i, o, u)
is called the indefinite article because the noun it goes with is indefinite or general. The
meaning of article a is similiar to the number one, but one is stronger and gives more
emphasis. It is posible to say i have a book or ihave one book, but the second sentence
emphasizes that i do not have two or three or some other number of books.

The word the is known as definite article and indicates a specific thing. The difference
between the sentences i sat on chair and i sat on the chair is that the second sentece refers to a
particular, spesific chair, not just any chair.

There are two types of article:

1. Indefinite article (a, an)

 A: It use before a consonant
1. Consonant (Besides A, I, U, E, O)
Ex: A book
A hotel
 An: It use before a vowel or vowel sound
1. Vowel (A, I, U, E, O)
Ex: An apple
An ice cream
2. Vowel sound (A consonant alphabet but when we speak, it sounds
like a vowel)
Ex: An hour
An MP3 player
a. Refers to something/someone that is not spesific/ general
Ex: let us read a book
b. To see something/ someone for the first time
Ex: I saw a man in that room
c. Refers to someone/something part of a group
Ex: It was an expensive bag
d. Indicate someone’s job
Ex: My father is a doctor
 e. Article can’t be use before uncountable noun and plural nouns
Ex (uncountable noun): I ate a rice yesterday (false)
I ate a lot of rice yesterday (true)
Ex (plural nouns): An apple (false)
An apple (true)
f. when someone says 'i need a water' it means, he needs a bottle or a glass
of water, then more precisely is 'i need a bottle’ of water' or 'i need a glass
of water'

2. Definite article (the)

1. “the” before a vowel or vowel sound
- Vowel
Ex: The apple (di apple)
The ice cream (di ice cream)
- Vowel sound
Ex : The herb (di erb)
The honor ( di aner)
2. “the” before a consonant or consonant sound
- Consonant
Ex: The book (de book)
The building (de building)
- Consonant sound
Ex: The one (de wan)
The university (de yuniversity)
a. Refers to something/someone that is spesific
Ex: Let us read the book
b. Indicate that there is only one person/something that exists in the
environment around us or even the world
Ex: The president of America is visiting Indonesia
c. Superlatives (the best, the most, the highest)
Ex: It is the highest mountain in Indonesia
d. "the" before a noun that refers to a group of people
Ex: I think the rich should give more attention to the poor
e. used for uncountable noun and plural nouns
ex: I splilled the water
 REPORTED QUESTION
Reported questions are one form of reported speech. Reported questions are the
questions reported. When we report a question, the report is no longer in the form of a
question, but is changed to a statement. When we report what people say, we usually change
the tense of the verbs to reflect that we are reporting – not giving direct speech. This pattern
is followed when we report questions and there are also other important changes between
direct questions and reported questions.

Direct question Reported question

She said: "Are you cold?" She asked me if I was cold.
He said: "Where's my pen?" He asked where his pen was.

We usually introduce reported questions with the verb "ask":

 He asked (me) if/whether... (YES/NO questions)
 He asked (me) why/when/where/what/how... (question-word questions)
As with reported statements, we may need to change pronouns and tense(backshift) as
well as time and place in reported questions.
But we also need to change the word order. After we report a question, it is no longer
a question (and in writing there is no question mark). The word order is like that of a normal
statement (subject-verb-object).

1. Reported yes/no question

We introduce reported YES/NO questions with asked/ wanted to know/
enquired + if/whether + klausa
Direct Question She said, "Do you like coffee?"
Reported Question She asked if I liked coffee.
She asked Whether I liked coffee

Direct Question Reported Question

“have you been to the States before?”
He said, “Do you speak English?”
"Are you British or American?"
"Is it raining?"
"Have you got a computer?"
"Can you type?"
“Did you come by train?"
She asked if i’d been to the States
before
He asked me if I spoke English.
He asked me whether i was British or
American
He asked if it was raining
He wanted to know whether i had a
computer
She asked if i could type
He enquired whether i had come by
train

“Can i help you?” I asked if I could help her.

NO auxiliaries verbs(do/does/did) in Reported Question:

Direct Question Reported Question

“Did you come by train?" He enquired whether i had come by
train
“Did you have a nice trip?” They wanted to know if i had a nice trip

2. Reported question- wh/h question

We introduce reported question-word questions with asked/ wanted to know /
enquired+ wh/h question + klausa

Direct Question He said, "Where do you live?"

Reported Question He asked me Where I lived.

Direct Question Reported Question

"Where have you been?"
He said, "Why didn't you say
anything?"
He said, "When will they come?"
He said, "Who has seen Avatar?"
He said, "How much might it cost?"
She said to me, "Where is the station?"
He said,"Where are you going?"
She asked me where I’d been
He asked me why I hadn't said
anything.
He asked when they would come.
He asked me who had seen Avatar.
He asked me how much it might cost.
She asked me where the station was.
He asked me where I was going.

NO auxiliaries verbs(do/does/did) in Reported Question

Direct Question Reported Question

He said, "Why didn't you say He asked me why I hadn't said
anything?" anything.
“where did Sarah buy her car?” They wanted to know where Sarah had
bought her car

In questions with the verb “BE”, the word order changes

Direct Question Reported Question

He said,"Where are you going?" He asked me where I was going.
“where is she from?” He asked where she was from
 Global Warming

Global warming refers to the increase of the earth's average temperature due to increasing amounts
of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Scientists agree that the burning of fossil fuels like oil and coal causes greenhouse gases such as
carbon dioxide to escape into the air and act like a warm blanket over the earth.

One way to reduce greenhouse gases is to reduce deforestation, the cutting down of trees. Trees
soak up carbon dioxide from the air, so having lots of trees around is good for the atmosphere.

There are already some changes happening because of global warming. Sea level is rising and some
animals are moving to new homes because their natural habitat is disappearing. If the warming gets
worse, as scientists expect, there may be some kinds of plants and animals that become extinct.

There may be more storms and floods. Due to melting ice caps, sea levels may rise so much that
people have to move away from the coasts. Some areas may become too dry for farming.

All humans contribute to global warming by burning fossil fuels when they drive a car, fly in an
airplane, and heat or cool their houses.

The best way to help slow down global warming is to put less carbon into the air by using less fossil
fuel - something that is easy to say, but hard to do!