MATHEMATICS

‫امہرتنیرصتخموساالت‬

11
MUHAMMAD SALMAN
SHERAZI
03337727666/03067856232
 Ch 01: Number Systems
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define “Rational and Irrational Number”.

ii. Write down two properties of addition laws and multiplication laws.

iii. Prove that for any real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎. 0 = 0

iv. Does the set {1, −1} possess closure property 𝑤. 𝑟. 𝑡 i) addition ii)

multiplication.

v. Name the properties :- i) 4 + 9 = 9 + 4 ii) 100 + 0 = 0 + 100

1 1
vi. Name the properties:- i) 𝑎 > 𝑏 ⇒ 𝑎 < ii) 𝑎 < 0 ⇒ −𝑎 > 0
𝑏
7 5 −21−10
vii. Prove that − 12 − 18 = 36
𝑎 𝑏
viii. Prove that multiplicative inverse of (𝑎, 𝑏) is ( ,− ).
𝑎2 +𝑏2 𝑎2 +𝑏2
21
ix. Simplify : (−1)− 2 , (−𝑖)19

1
x. Write in terms of 𝑖:- √−5 and √−4

xi. Simplify :- (2,6)(3,7)

xii. Simplify:- (2,6) ÷ (3,7)

xiii. Prove that the sum as well as the product of any two conjugate complex

numbers is a real number.

xiv. Find the multiplicative inverse of (−4,7) and (√2, −√5)

xv. Factorize: 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2
𝑖
xvi. Separate into real and imaginary parts :- 1+𝑖

xvii. Find moduli of the complex numbers :- −5𝑖 and 1 − 𝑖√3

xviii. Show that ∀𝑧1 , 𝑧2 ∈ 𝐶 , 𝑧̅̅̅̅̅̅

1 𝑧2 = 𝑧̅1 𝑧̅2

xix. Write down “De Moivre’s Theorem”.

xx. Prove that 𝑧̅ = 𝑧 𝑖𝑓𝑓 𝑧 is real.

xxi. Show that ∀𝑧 ∈ 𝐶, 𝑧 2 + 𝑧̅2 is real.

xxii. Simplify :- (𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖)2

xxiii. Simplify:- (−𝑎𝑖)4

xxiv. Simplify:- (𝑎 − 𝑏𝑖)3

xxv. Simplify:- (𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖)−2

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 Ch 02: Sets, Functions and Groups
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define :- Subset , Proper subset and Improper subset.

ii. Write {𝐽𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑦 , 𝐽𝑢𝑛𝑒 , 𝐽𝑢𝑙𝑦} and {−100, −101, −102, … , −500} in Set-builder

notations.

iii. Write {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ 𝑍 ∧ −5 < 𝑥 < 5} and {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ 𝑄 ∧ 𝑥 2 = 2} in des. and tab. forms.

iv. Write two proper subsets of 𝑁 and 𝑅.

v. Is there any set which has no proper sub set? If so name that set.

vi. What is the difference between {𝑎, 𝑏} and {{𝑎, 𝑏}}?

vii. Write down the power set of: i) {+, − ×,÷} ii) {𝑎, {𝑏, 𝑐}}

viii. Define Compliment of a set.

ix. Let 𝑈 = {1,2,3,4, … ,10}, 𝐴 = {2,4,6,8,10}, 𝐵 = {1,2,3,4,5} find 𝑈 𝑐 and 𝐴 − 𝐵

x. Verify Distributivity of intersection over union for the sets 𝑁, 𝑍, 𝑄.

xi. Define Conjunction and write its truth table.

xii. Define tautology and absurdity also give its example.

xiii. Write converse , inverse and contra positive of ~𝑝 → ~𝑞.

xiv. Construct truth table of ~𝑞 ∧ (𝑝 → 𝑞) → ~𝑝.

xv. Convert 𝐴 ∪ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) ∩ (𝐴 ∪ 𝐶) into logical form.

xvi. Let 𝐴 = {1,2,3}. Determine the relation 𝑟 such that 𝑥𝑟𝑦 𝑖𝑓𝑓 𝑥 < 𝑦.

xvii. Write the inverse of {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅} and

{(2,1), (3,2), (4,3), (5,4), (6,5)}
xviii. Write down multiplication table of {1, −1, 𝑖, −𝑖}

xix. Prepare a table of addition of the elements of the set of residue classes

modulo 4.

xx. Define Monoide.

xxi. Prove that (𝑎𝑏)−1 = 𝑏 −1 𝑎−1 (𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑎𝑤)

xxii. Solve the linear equations 𝑥𝑎 = 𝑏 and 𝑎𝑥 = 𝑏.

xxiii. Consider the set 𝑆 = {1, −1, 𝑖, −𝑖}. Set up its multiplication and show that the

set is an abelian group under multiplication.

xxiv. If (𝐺,∗) is a group and 𝑎 ∈ 𝐺, there is a unique inverse of 𝑎 in 𝐺.

xxv. Define “Group”.

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 Ch 03: Matrices and Determinants
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define Scalar matrix and give example.
5 3
ii. Find 𝐴−1 if 𝐴 = [ ]
1 1
𝑥+3 1 𝑦 1
iii. Find 𝑥 and 𝑦 if [ ]=[ ]
−3 3𝑦 − 4 −3 2𝑥
2 0 𝑥 1 𝑥 𝑦 4 −2 3
iv. Find 𝑥 and 𝑦 if [1 𝑦 3] + 2 [ ]=[ ]
0 2 −1 1 6 1
1 2 0 0
v. If 𝐴 = [ ] and 𝐴2 = [ ], find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
𝑎 𝑏 0 0
5 2 2 1
vi. Find the matrix 𝑋 if ; [ ]𝑋 = [ ]
−2 1 5 10
5 −1 3 −7
vii. Find the matrix 𝐴 if ; [0 0 ] 𝐴 = [0 0 ]
3 1 7 2
viii. Solve the linear equations ; 3𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 1 , −2𝑥 + 𝑦 = −3
2𝑖 𝑖
ix. Find the inverse of the matrix ; [ ]
𝑖 −𝑖
x. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are square matrices of the same order, then explain why in
general ; (𝐴 + 𝐵)2 ≠ 𝐴2 + 2𝐴𝐵 + 𝐵 2 and (𝐴 + 𝐵)(𝐴 − 𝐵) ≠ 𝐴2 − 𝐵 2
4 3 2 3 −1 −4
xi. Solve the following matrix equation for 𝐴 ; [ ]𝐴 − [ ]=[ ]
2 2 −1 −2 3 6
1 −2 3
xii. Find the cofactors 𝐴12 , 𝐴32 if 𝐴 = [−2 3 1]
4 −3 2
xiii. Write down any two properties of determinants.
𝑥 𝑎+𝑥 𝑏+𝑐
xiv. Without expansion, show that |𝑥 𝑏 + 𝑥 𝑐 + 𝑎 | = 0
𝑥 𝑐+𝑥 𝑎+𝑏
1 2 3
xv. Without expansion, show that |4 5 6| = 0
7 8 9
2 3 0 2 1 0
xvi. Show that |3 9 6| = 9 |1 1 2|
2 15 1 2 5 1
2𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
xvii. Evaluate the determinant |2𝑏 𝑏 𝑏 |
2𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
𝛼 𝛽+𝛾 1
xviii. Without expansion, show that |𝛽 𝛾 + 𝛼 1| = 0
𝛾 𝛼+𝛽 1
𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 1 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑
xix. Show that | 0 1 0 |=𝑟
𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 0 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑
𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐 𝑐−𝑎
xx. Show that | 𝑏 − 𝑐 𝑐 − 𝑎 𝑎 − 𝑏| = 0
𝑐−𝑎 𝑎−𝑏 𝑏−𝑐
3 1 𝑥
xxi. Find the values of 𝑥 if |−1 3 4 | = −30
𝑥 1 0
xxii. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are non-singular matrices , show that (𝐴𝐵)−1 = 𝐵 −1 𝐴−1
xxiii. Define Symmetric matrix and Skew-Hermitian matrix.
1
xxiv. If 𝐴 = [1 + 𝑖 ] find 𝐴(𝐴̅)𝑡 .
𝑖
𝑖 1+𝑖
xxv. If 𝐴 = [ ] show that 𝐴 − (𝐴̅)𝑡 is skew-hermitian.
1 −𝑖
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 Ch 04: Quadratic Equations
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define Quadratic equation and write down Quadratic formula.
ii. Solve by Factorization ; 𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 12 = 0
iii. Solve by Completing square method ; 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 567 = 0
iv. Solve by Quadratic formula ; 15𝑥 2 + 2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎2 = 0
v. Define Exponential equation and Reciprocal equation. Also give examples.
2 1
vi. Solve the equation 𝑥 5 + 8 = 6𝑥 5
vii. Define Redical equation and extraneous roots.
viii. Show that Product of all three cube roots of unity is unity.
4 4
ix. Prove that ; (−1 + √−3) + (−1 − √−3) = −16
x. Evaluate : (1 + 𝜔 − 𝜔2 )8 and (1 + 𝜔 − 𝜔2 )(1 − 𝜔 − 𝜔2 )
xi. If 𝜔 is a root of 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0, show that its other root of is 𝜔2 and prove
that 𝜔3 = 1
xii. Solve the equations ; 5𝑥 5 − 5𝑥 = 0 and 3𝑦 5 − 243 = 0
xiii. If 𝜔 is a cube root of unity , form an equation whose roots are 2𝜔 and 2𝜔2 .
xiv. Show that 𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3 = (𝑥 − 𝜔𝑦)(𝑥 − 𝜔2 𝑦)
xv. Show that (1 + 𝜔)(1 + 𝜔2 )(1 + 𝜔4 )(1 + 𝜔8 ) … .2𝑛 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 = 1
xvi. Define factor theorem.
xvii. Use remainder theorem to find the remainder when 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 3 is
divided by 𝑥 − 3.
xviii. Use factor theorem to determine if 𝑥 − 𝑎 is factor of 𝑥 𝑛 − 𝑎𝑛 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑛 is
positive interger.
xix. When the polynomial 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 𝑘𝑥 + 4 is divided by 𝑥 − 2, the remainder is
14. Find the value of 𝑘.
𝛼 𝛽
xx. If 𝛼, 𝛽 are the roots of 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 4 = 0, find the values of 𝛼 2 − 𝛽 2 and + .
𝛽 𝛼
2
xxi. If the roots of 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0 are 𝛼 and 𝛽 then prove that
𝛼 𝛽 𝑝
√𝛽 + √𝛼 + √𝑞 = 0

xxii. If 𝛼, 𝛽 are the roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, form the equations

1 1 1 1
whose roots are , and
𝛼 𝛽 𝛼2
, 𝛽2.
xxiii. Discuss the nature of roots of 9𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 4 = 0 and 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 = 0
xxiv. Show that the roots of the 𝑝𝑥 2 − (𝑝 − 𝑞)𝑥 − 𝑞 = 0 will be real.
xxv. For what values of 𝑚 will the equation
(𝑚 + 1)𝑥 2 + 2(𝑚 + 3)𝑥 + 2𝑚 + 3 = 0, 𝑚 ≠ 1 have equal root?

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 Ch 05: Partial Fractions
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define Conditional equation.
ii. What is identity.
iii. Define Proper and Improper Rational fraction.
1
iv. Resolve 𝑥 2 −1 into Partial fraction.
7𝑥+25
v. Resolve (𝑥+3)(𝑥+4) into Partial fraction.
vi. Define Quadratic irreducible factor.
𝑥2
vii. Write down (𝑥 2 into Partial fraction.
+1)(𝑥−1)
3𝑥−1
viii. Resolve (𝑥 2 into Partial fraction.
+1)(𝑥+3)

ix. Define Partial fraction.

1
x. Resolve (𝑥 2 into Partial fraction.
−1)(𝑥+1)

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 Ch 06: Sequence and Series
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Find the sequence if 𝑎𝑛 − 𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑛 + 1 and 𝑎4 = 14

ii. Write the first four terms of the sequence, if 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛𝑎𝑛−1 , 𝑎1 = 1

iii. Find the indicated terms of 1, −3,5, −7, −11, … , 𝑎8

iv. Find the next terms of 7,9,12,16, …

v. Define A.P and prove that 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

vi. Find the number of terms in the A.P. if; 𝑎1 = 3 , 𝑑 = 7 and 𝑎𝑛 = 59.

vii. If 𝑎𝑛−2 = 3𝑛 − 11, find the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of the sequence.

viii. If 𝑎𝑛 = 2𝑛 − 5, find the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of the sequence.

ix. Find the 13𝑡ℎ term of the sequence 𝑥, 1,2 − 𝑥, 3 − 2𝑥, …

x. How many terms are there in the A.P. in which 𝑎1 = 11, 𝑎𝑛 = 68, 𝑑 = 3?
1 1 1 2𝑎𝑐
xi. If 𝑎 , and are in A.P., show that 𝑏 = .
𝑏 𝑐 𝑎+𝑐

xii. Find A.M between 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 and 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 .

xiii. Sum the series −3 + (−) + 1 + 3 + 5 + ⋯ + 𝑎16

xiv. Find the sum of 20 terms of the series whose 𝑟𝑡ℎ term is 3𝑟 + 1.

xv. Define G.P.

xvi. Find the 12𝑡ℎ term of 1 + 𝑖, 2𝑖, −2, +2𝑖

𝑥+𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
xvii. Which term of the sequence; 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 , 𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑥−𝑦 , …., is (𝑥−𝑦)9 ?

1 1 1 𝑎
xviii. If 𝑎 , and are in G.P, show that the common ratio is ±√ 𝑐 .
𝑏 𝑐

xix. Find the geometric mean between 4 and 16.

xx. Find G.M between −2𝑖 and 8𝑖.

xxi. The A.M between two numbers is 5 and their (positive) G.M is 4.Find the

numbers.
2 𝒏
xxii. Find the sum of 𝑛 terms of the geometric series if 𝑎𝑛 = (−3) (5) .

xxiii. If 𝑎 = 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3 + ⋯ |𝑥| < 1 and 𝑏 = 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 + ⋯ |𝑥| < 1 show

that 2𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑏.
1
xxiv. Sum the series ; 2 + (1 − 𝑖) + ( 𝑖 ) + ⋯ to 8 terms.

xxv. Find 𝐴, 𝐺, 𝐻 and verify that 𝐴 < 𝐺 < 𝐻 (𝐺 > 0), if 𝑎 = −2, 𝑏 = −2

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 Ch 07: Permutation ,Combination and Probability
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

8! 15!
i. Evaluate 7!
and 15!(15−15)!
11!
ii. Evaluate 4! 0! 1! and
2!4!5!
(𝑛+1)(𝑛)(𝑛−1)
iii. Write in factorial form: (𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛) and 3.2.1
iv. Define Permutation.
v. How many different 4-digit numbers can be formed out of the digits
1,2,3,4,5,6, when no digit is repeated?
vi. Evaluate 16𝑃4
vii. Find the value of 𝑛 when : 𝑛𝑃𝑟 = 𝑛. 𝑛 − 1𝑃 𝑟−1
viii. How many words can be formed from the letters of “FASTING” using all
letters when no letter is repeated.
ix. In how many ways can a necklace of 8 beads of different colours be made?
x. How many arrangements of the letters of “MATHEMATICS” , taken all
together, can be made?
xi. The Governor of the Punjab calls a meeting of 12 officers. In how many ways
can be seated at a round table?
xii. In how many ways can be 4 keys be arranged on a circular key ring?
xiii. Prove that : 𝑛𝐶𝑟 = 𝑛𝐶𝑛−𝑟
xiv. If 𝑛𝐶8 = 𝑛𝐶12 find 𝑛.
xv. How many triangles and diagonals can be formed by joining the vertices of
the polygon having 12 sides?
xvi. Find the values of 𝑛 and 𝑟 , when 𝑛𝐶𝑟 = 35 and 𝑛𝑃𝑟 = 210
xvii. Show that 16𝐶11 + 16𝐶10 = 17𝐶11
xviii. Define Impossible and certain event.
xix. Define Mutually exclusive events and equally likely events.
xx. A die is rolled. What is the probability that the dots on the top are greater
than 4?
xxi. If sample space = {1,2,3, … ,9} , Event 𝐴 = {2,4,6,8} and Event 𝐵 = {1,3,5}, find
𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵).
xxii. A die is thrown twice. What is the probability that the sum of the number of
dots shown is 3 or 11?

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 Ch 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

𝑛3 +2𝑛
i. Show that 3
represents an integer ∀ 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁.

ii. Use mathematical induction to prove for every positive integer 𝑛

2 + 6 + 18 + ⋯ + 2 × 3𝑛−1 = 3𝑛 − 1
iii. Prove by mathematical induction that all positive integral values of 𝑛

𝑛3 − 𝑛 is divisible by 6.

iv. 𝑛! > 𝑛2 for integral values of 𝑛 ≥ 4.

v. Evaluate (9.9)5
𝑥 4
vi. Use binomial theorem to expand (3𝑎 − )
3𝑎

vii. Expand (𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1)3 in descending powers of 𝑥.

3 𝟏𝟎
viii. Find 6𝑡ℎ term in the expansion of (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥)

3 1 11
ix. Determine the middle term in the expansion of (2 𝑥 − )
3𝑥

x. Define Binomial series.

1
Use binomial theorem find the value of √31 and (. 998)−3
5
xi.
2
xii. Expand (1 − 2𝑥)3 up to 4 terms.
2
xiii. Expand (8 − 5𝑥)−3 up to 4 terms.
2 13
xiv. Find the term involving 𝑥 −2 in expansion (𝑥 − 𝑥 3 )

xv. Write down the middle terms in the expansion of (𝑎 + 𝑥)𝑛 if n is even and n

is odd.
𝑥 2 12
xvi. Find the middle term in the expansion of (2 + 𝑥 2 )

xvii. Show that (𝑛1) + 2(𝑛2) + 3(𝑛3) + ⋯ + 𝑛(𝑛𝑛) = 𝑛. 2𝑛−1

3 10
xviii. Find the coefficient of 𝑥 5 in the expansion of (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥)

xix. Find the general term in the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)−3 when |𝑥| < 1.

xx. Expand (8 − 2𝑥)−1 up to 4 terms.

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 Ch 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Convert 18°6′21′′ to decimal form.
ii. Define 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛.
iii. Prove that 𝑙 = 𝑟𝜃
iv. Prove that 1° = 0.0175 𝑟𝑎𝑑 and 1𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 57.296°
v. Express 75°, 3′′and 75°6′30′′ into radians.
19𝜋 13𝜋 3𝜋
vi. Convert 32
, and into sexagesimal system (English System).
16 4

vii. What is the circular measure of the angle between the hands of a watch
at 4’0 clock?
viii. Find 𝑙, when: 𝜃 = 65°20′ and 𝑟 = 18𝑚𝑚
ix. Find 𝑟, when: 𝑙 = 56𝑐𝑚 and 𝜃 = 45°
x. Show that the area of the sector of a circular measure of radius 𝑟 is
1 2
2
𝑟 𝜃, where 𝜃 is the circular measure of the central angle of the sector.

xi. Define Coterminal angles and angle in standard position.

xii. Define Quadrantal angles.
xiii. For 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 < 0 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, in which quadrant 𝜃 lies?
12
xiv. Find the values of the 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 13 and the terminal arm of

the angle is in quad. I.

xv. Find the values of all trigonometric functions of 420°
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
xvi. Verify sin2 : sin2 4 : 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 3 : 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 2 = 1: 2: 3: 4
6

xvii. Find 𝑥, if tan2 45° − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 60° = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛45°𝑐𝑜𝑠45°𝑡𝑎𝑛60°

xviii. Verify 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 for 𝜃 = 30°
𝜋
1−tan2
3
xix. Evaluate 𝜋
1+tan2
3

xx. Prove that sec 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃

cot2 𝜃−1
xxi. Prove that = 2 cos2 𝜃 − 1
1+cot2 𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
xxii. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

xxiii. Prove that (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃)(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃) = 1

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
xxiv. Prove that 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
xxv. Prove that 1+tan2 𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

COMPOSED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

 Ch 10: Trigonometric Identities
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define Allied angles.

ii. Without using tables, find the values of sin(−300°) and tan(1110°)

iii. Prove that sin(180° + 𝛼) sin(90° − 𝛼) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼

iv. Prove that cos 306° + cos 234° + cos 162° + cos 18° = 0
3𝜋
sin2 (𝜋+𝜃) tan( +𝜃)
v. Prove that 3𝜋
2
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
cot2( −𝜃) cos2(𝜋−𝜃)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝜋−𝜃)
2

𝛼+𝛽 𝛾
vi. If 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 are the angles of a triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, then prove that cos ( 2
) = sin 2
cos 11°+𝑠𝑖𝑛11°
vii. Prove that cos 11°−𝑠𝑖𝑛11° = 𝑡𝑎𝑛56°

viii. Prove that cos(𝜃 − 180°) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

ix. Prove that tan(270° − 𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃

x. Find the values of 𝑐𝑜𝑠105° and 𝑡𝑎𝑛15°

1
xi. Prove that cos(𝛼 + 45°) = (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼)
√2
𝜋 3𝜋
xii. Prove that tan ( 4 − 𝜃) + tan ( 4 + 𝜃) = 0
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛽−1
xiii. Show that cot(𝛼 + 𝛽) =
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛼+𝑐𝑜𝑡𝛽

cos 11°+𝑠𝑖𝑛11°
xiv. Prove that = 𝑡𝑎𝑛56°
cos 11°−𝑠𝑖𝑛11°

xv. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝛼 = 4 cos3 𝛼 − 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼

12 𝜋
xvi. Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼, when 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 = 13 , where 0 < 𝛼 < 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃
xvii. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 4𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
𝛼 𝛼
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 sin +cos
xviii. Prove that √ = 2
𝛼
2
𝛼
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 sin −cos
2 2

xix. Prove that 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝛼 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝛼

1−cos 𝛼 𝛼
xx. Prove that 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
= tan 2

xxi. Express 2 sin 7𝜃 cos 3𝜃 as sum or difference.

xxii. Express sin(𝑥 + 45°) sin(𝑥 − 45°) as sum or difference.

xxiii. Express sin(𝑥 + 30°) + sin(𝑥 − 30°) as product.

sin 𝛼−sin 𝛽 𝛼−𝛽 𝛼+𝛽
xxiv. Prove that = tan cot
sin 𝛼+sin 𝛽 2 2

sin 8𝑥+sin 2𝑥
xxv. Prove that cos 8𝑥+cos 2𝑥 = tan 5𝑥

COMPOSDED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

 Ch 11: Trigonometric Functions and their Graphs

M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Write down domain and range of 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

ii. Define Period of a trigonometric function.

iii. What is the period of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 , 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 , 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 , 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥.

iv. Find the period of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥.

𝑥
v. Find the period of 3 cos 5.

vi. Find the period of 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

vii. Find the period of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 10𝑥.

𝑥
viii. Find the period of sin 5

ix. Find the period of cot 8𝑥

𝑥
x. Find the period of tan 3

COMPOSDED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

 Ch 12: Application of Trigonometry
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Find the values of 38°28′ and cot 89°9′
ii. Find 𝜃, if tan 𝜃 = 21.943 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0.5186
iii. Solve the right triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, in which 𝛾 = 90° and 𝛼 = 37°20′ , 𝑎 = 243
iv. Find the unknown angles and sides of the triangle :
8

40

v. Define Oblique triangle.

vi. Write down formulas of “Sine law, cosine law and tangent law”.
vii. Solve the triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, if 𝑎 = 125, 𝛽 = 88°36′ and 𝛾 = 31°54′
viii. Solve the triangle in which 𝑎 = 32, 𝑏 = 40, 𝑐 = 66
ix. Find the area of the triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, in which 𝑎 = 275.4, 𝑏 = 303.7, 𝑐 = 342.5
x. Find the area of the triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, in which 𝑎 = 4.8, 𝛼 = 83°42′ , 𝛾 = 37°12′
xi. Find the area of the triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, given three sides
𝑎 = 32.65, 𝑏 = 42.81, 𝑐 = 64.92
xii. Find the measure of greatest angle, if the sides of the triangle are 16,20,23.
𝑎𝑏𝑐
xiii. Prove that 𝑅 =
4∆

xiv. Define Cicum-circle , Incircle and escribed circle.

𝛼
xv. Show that 𝑟 = (𝑠 − 𝑎) tan 2
𝛾
xvi. Show that 𝑟3 = 𝑠 tan 2

xvii. Find 𝑅 and 𝑟 if measure of three sides of triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 are

𝑎 = 13, 𝑏 = 14, 𝑐 = 15
xviii. Prove that in an equilateral triangle, 𝑟: 𝑅: 𝑟1 = 1: 2: 3
𝛾
xix. Prove that (𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) tan 2 = 𝑐

xx. Prove that 𝑎𝑏𝑐(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾) = 4∆𝑠.

1 1 1 1
xxi. Show that 2𝑟𝑅 = 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎

xxii. Prove that 𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 = 𝑟𝑠 2

xxiii. State and Prove Hero’s formula.
xxiv. Prove that 𝑟𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 = ∆2
xxv. The area of the triangle is 2437. If 𝑎 = 79, and 𝑐 = 97, then find angle 𝛽.
COMPOSED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)
 Ch 13: Inverse Trigonometric Functions
M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define Inverse tangent function.

√3 1
ii. Find the value of sin−1 and sin−1 (− )
2 2

iii. Write domain and range of sin−1 𝑥 and cot −1 𝑥

1
iv. Find the value of sec[sin−1 (− ) ]
2
𝜋
v. Prove that tan−1 𝑥 = 2 − cot −1 𝑥
𝜋
vi. Prove that cos−1 𝑥 = 2 − sin−1 𝑥
2
vii. Evaluate without using tables/calculator : 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (− )
√3
1
viii. Find the value of sin−1 (− ) and cot −1 (−1)
√2
4 24
ix. Without using table/calculator show that : 2 cos−1 = sin−1
5 25

√𝟑
x. Find the value of tan (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝟐
)

xi. Find the value of sin(tan−1 (−))

xii. Show that cos(sin−1 𝑥) = √1 − 𝑥 2

xiii. Show that tan−1 (−𝑥) = − tan−1 𝑥

𝑥
xiv. Show that tan(sin−1 𝑥) = √1−𝑥 2

xv. Show that sin(2 cos −1 𝑥) = 2𝑥√1 − 𝑥 2

COMPOSED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

 Ch 14: Solution of Trigonometric Equations

M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

Q. Answer the following SHORT QUESTIONS.

i. Define trigonometric equation.

1
ii. Solve the equation 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 2

iii. Solve the equation 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 0

iv. Solve the equation 4 cos2 𝑥 − 3 = 0

v. Find the value of 𝜃 satisfying 2 sin2 𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0

vi. Find the solution of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = 2 which lie in [0,2𝜋]

COMPOSED BY:- M.SALMAN SHERAZI (03337727666/03067856232)

----------THE END--------
WITH BEST WISHES BY:-

MUHAMMAD SALMAN
SHERAZI
03337727666/03067856232