Tamilnadu Agricultural University

Directorate of Soil and Crop Management Studies

Department of Animal Husbandry

Staff Position

Associate Professor& Head : Dr.R.Balagopal

Assistant Professor (Dairy) : Dr.S.Rajaraman

Assistant Professor (Veterinary

Hospital & Goat) : Dr.M.Thirunavukkarasu

Research Associate (Poultry &

Swine) : Dr.S.Krishna Kumar

Associate Professor & Head

Name : Dr.R.Balagopal
Qualification : M.V.Sc., Ph.D.,
Area of Specialization : Animal Nutrition
Area of Research : Feeding Trials in Livestock and Poultry
E mail Id : vetbala@hotmail.com,vetbala@yahoo.co.in

Assistant Professor (Dairy)

Name : Dr.S.Rajaraman
Qualification : M.V.Sc.,
Area of Specialization : Dairy Microbiology
Area of Research : Dairy Science
E mail Id : rajoo13@hotmail.com,rajoo1323@yahoo.co.in

Assistant Professor (Veterinary Hospital & Goat )

Name : Dr.M.Thirunavukkarasu
Qualification : M.V.Sc.,
Area of Specialization : Livestock Production & Management
Area of Research : Management Aspects in Livestock and Poultry
E mail Id : vivasayee1970@yahoo.co.in

Research Associate (Poultry & Piggery):

Name : Dr.S.Krishna Kumar

Qualification : M.V.Sc.,
Area of Specialization :Veterinary Epidemiology &Preventive Medicine
Area of Research : Veterinary Medicine in Livestock
E mail Id : drkitcha@yahoo.com
 Livestock Farm Establishment Technologies
A.Goat Farm

Why should we rear Tellicherry goat?

1. Goat is a principle meat-producing animal in India.
2. Goat flesh fetches better price than mutton and beef in most of urban market.
3. Goat flesh is preferred by all races to other meats ( No religious taboo).
4. Financial investment is small.
5. Can be reared in semi intensive system or as stall fed and an inexpensive shelter is
sufficient.
6. They are prolific breeders
7. They are capable of converting fibre into more meat.
8. 50% meat yield of body weight (dressing percentage) is expected at 9 months of age.
9. Chevon (goat meat) is low in cholesterol.
10. More milk Production - 1½ - 2 litres per day at early age.
11. Goat milk is cheap, wholesome, easily digestible, nutritious and claimed to have
medicinal value (recommended for use in dyspepsia, peptic ulcer and preferred to
cow milk in liver dysfunction, jaundice, acidosis and insomnia.)
12. Goat milk is rich in protein and important for pregnant woman and children.
13. It never competes with mankind for food.
14. Droppings and urine from a goat is sufficient to manure half an acre of land.
15. Droppings can be used for bio gas (gobar gas) plants and the slurry as manure.
16. To the poor, rearing of goat serves as insurance during economic crisis.
17. Can help solve unemployment problem.
18. Above all goat provides stable income.

Breed of choice: tellicherry

Tellicherry Breed characteristics:(Phenotypic)

Medium sized animals. Coat color varies, prominently white. Both sexes have
small horns. Ears are medium sized directed down wards. Body length for adult male
and female is 70 cm and 63 cm respectively. Height at withers is 72 cm and 63 cm
respectively for males and females.

Economics traits.

Male female ratio 1: 20

Age at 1st service(breeding) 9 -12 months
Weight at 1st service(breeding) 18-25 kg
Pregnancy period 145 - 155 days.
No. of kids per kidding 2-3
No. of kidding in 2 years 3
Birth weight of kid 1.5-3.0 kg
Lactation length 150 - 200days.
Milk yield / day 1½ - 2 litres.
Optimum dry period 30 - 45 days.
Weight at 3 months of age 12 - 15 kg.
Weight at 6 months 20 - 24 kg.
Weight at 9 months 29 - 32 kg.
Weight at 12 months 40 - 50 kg.
Method of rearing : semi-intensive system
nutrition : feeding of concentrates,. green leaves (tree fodder, green grass, legumes)

Feeding:

Newborn kids are to be fed with colostrum. Kids may be allowed with mother to
suckle for 10 - 12 weeks or weaned after a week of birth and reared with a following
feeding schedule.

Age in weeks Quantity of milk fed Solid feed

0-2 1 litre in 3 times Concentrate 50 –150
3-4 2 litres in 3 times gram with small
5-6 2½ litres in 3 times quantity of green and
7-9 2½ litres in 2 times dry fodder.
10-12 ¾ - 1 litre once a day
Age Concentrate (in grams) Green fodder (kg)
4 - 12 months 150 – 250 0.5 - 3
1 year and above 250 – 300 3-5
Milking goat 300 – 400 5-8
Pregnant goat 300 – 400 5-8
Buck (He goat) 350 – 400 6-8

Concentrate Feed mix ratio for Goat

Inclusion level (kg)
Ingredients Kid Grower Adult
Maize 40 22 36
Grams 10 20 5
Groundnut cake 22 35 16
Fishmeal 10 - -
Wheat Bran 15 20 40
Mineral mix 2.5 2.5 2.5
Salt 0.5 0.5 0.5
Vitamin mix (grams) 25 25 -

FODDER CULTIVATION PER ACRE (40 GOATS)

A varieties of green fodder are relished by goats. For better feed conversion and
weight gain the goats are to be fed with mixture of leguminous and non leguminous
fodder. The fodder obtained from one acre of land is sufficient to maintain 40 heads of
goat with its followers. A model out lay of various types of fodder crops to be raised is
given below.
✡ ✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡ ✡✡✡✡ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇ ❇❇ ❇❇ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣❇❇❇❇❇❇❇❇ ❇❇ ❇❇ ✡
✡✡ ✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽ ✡
✡✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤✤ ✡
✡ ✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽✽ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❂❂❂❂❂❂❂❂ ❂❂❂❂ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❂❂❂❂❂❂❂❂ ❂❂❂❂ ✡✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣ ✡
✡ ♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣ ✡
✡ ✡
♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣
✡
♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣♣ ❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣❣
✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡✡ ✡✡✡✡
✡ Subabul ---------- Live fence

♣ C03 (Cumbu napier) ---------- 60 cents

✽ Agathi ---------- 1 meter gap (on the bunds of the water channel)

❇ Maize ---------- 20 cents

or
✤ Soya /Cowpea ---------- 20 cents
or
❂ Sorghum ---------- 20 cents
❣ Hedge Lucerne ---------- 20 cents
Housing
floor space requirement
doe/buck :15 sq.ft/animal kid : 5 sq.ft/animal
orientation :east west
health cover: immunization(anthrax,foot and mouth, periodical
deworming
B.Poultry Farm
type of bird : layer, broiler, turkey,
guinea fowl,
method of Rearing:
Deep Litter ,Cage System, Elevated flat form
Nutrition: Feeding of concentrate mixture comprising dried Stylosanthes
meal and azolla .
Turkey: Meleagris gallopavo
Variety: Large Broad breasted white
System Of Rearing : Intensive(DeepLitter)/Semi-intensive
Management: Hand Feeding during Brooding,
Feeding Greens such as Lucerne, Cumbu Napier, Stylo,Sesbania, Hedge
Lucerne
High Protein and High
 Energy ration : CP- 15-28% ME- 2700 TO 3000 KCAL/KG
Sex ratio: 1:4
Debeaking and toe nail trimming
Excellent meat, meat to bone ratio increased
dressing percentage – 80
Nutritive value :Protein – 30%, fat –8%
body weight:4 Kgs at 16 weeks
Sexual maturity – 28 weeks
125 eggs per year- Egg weight – 80 gms.
incubation period: 28 days
health cover: vaccination(Ranikhet, pox, fowl cholera)deworming.
guinea fowl:
varieties: pearl, lavender, white
hardy, disease resistant birds
weed and pest eradicators- watch bird
marketing age – 12-15th week(meat –delicacy)
marketing weight- 1-0 to 1.5 kg
Sex differentiation:difficult – Identified by
cries and helmet
sex ratio: 1: 2
system : free range, semi intensive and
intensive
sexual maturity: 6 months – 100-175 eggs/year
feeding; greens, weeds, chopped onions,whole grains
incubation period: 26 days
dressing percentage : 80%
nutritive value: protein – 23%; fat- 4%
C.Swine Farming
a.Breedof choice: LARGE WHITE YORKSHIRE
b.Housing: Adults - 40sq.ft/ animal
piglets- 20 sq. ft/animal
Intensive-with pen and run housing:
Litter size : 10-12
Piglet weight - 1.0-1.2 Kgs.
Weaning weight (56 Days)-10-12 Kgs.
Marketable Age; 9 Months
Weight at marketing- 90 Kgs.
Dressing Percentage - 75
Fat – 36 %
Protein – 12%
FCR – 3 : 1
Concentrates and swill feeding
Deworming
Piglet anaemia
immunization against foot and mouth disease