Government

Business & Society

CSR Project

University of central Punjab BBA(FIN)

 SESSION 2015-2019
GROUP MEMBERS:

ZUNAIR GIFI5BBAM0063
Zain Bin Rauf GIFI5BBAM0050
Muhammad Salman GIFI5BBAM0042
Murad Ahmed GIFI5BBAM0064
Mubashir GIFI5BBAM00

SECTION: BBA VIII

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL
PUNJAB GUJRANWALA
CAMPUS

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 DECLARATION

We, the students of University of Central Punjab Gujranwala Campus session 2015-2019, hereby declared

that the material printed in the project on “CSR” is our own work based on the data collected from different

resources.

Signature of all group members:

MUHAMMAD SALMAN

ZUNAIR

ZAIN BIN RAUF

MUBASHIR

MURAD AHMED

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENTS PAGE NO
 Declaration 02
 Acknowledgement 04
CHAPTER 1
 Introduction Of Apple 05
 Introduction Of COCA COLA 07
CHAPTER 2 (Literature Review)
 Strategic CSR Communication 9
10
 Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Research
Framework
 Corporate social responsibility research: the importance of 11
context
CHAPTER 3

 CSR activities of Apple 12

 CSR activities of COCA COLA 18
 Conclusions 20
 References 21

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We are grateful to our respectable teacher, “Ma’am Naila Shahzadi” whose insightful leadership and

knowledge benefitted us to steer this project successfully; Thanks for your continuing support for our important

work in this field.

We should also like to underscore dynamic efforts of the Teamwork and their expert advice and contributions to

the preparation of this report.

Regards!

Group Leader:

(HAFIZ ZUNAIR)

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Introduction:

Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs and

manufactures consumer electronics and computer software products.
The company's best-known hardware products include Macintosh
computers, the iPod and the iPhone. Apple software includes the Mac OS
X operating system, the iTunes media browser, the I-Life suite of
multimedia and creativity software, the iWork suite of productivity
software, Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional audio and film-
industry software products, and Logic Studio, a suite of audio tools. The company operates more than 250 retail
stores in nine countries and an online store where hardware and software product are sold.

Established in Cupertino, California on April 1, 1976 and incorporated January 3, 1977, The Company was
called Apple Computer, Inc. for its first 30 years, but dropped the word "Computer" on January 9, 2007 to
reflect the company's ongoing expansion into the consumer electronics market in addition to its traditional focus
on personal computers. Apple has about 35,000 employees worldwide and had worldwide annual sales of
US$32.48 billion in its fiscal year ending September 29, 2008.For reasons as various as its philosophy of
comprehensive aesthetic design to its distinctive advertising campaigns, Apple has established a unique
reputation in the consumer electronics industry. This includes a customer base that is devoted to the company
and its brand, particularly in the United States. Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in
the United States in 2008 and in the world in 2009.

Apple First Computer:

Apple's first product, the Apple I, invented by Apple co-
founder Steve Wozniak, was sold as an assembled circuit board
and lacked basic features such as a keyboard, monitor, and case.
The owner of this unit added a keyboard and wooden case.

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 Apple Head office:

Corporate Mission statement:

Apple mission is “to bringing the best user experience to its customers through its innovative hardware,
software, and services.”

Corporate Vision Statement:

We believe that we are on the face of the earth to make great products and that’s not changing. We are
constantly focusing on innovating. We believe in the simple not the complex.

Apple Inc.’s mission statement satisfies conventions regarding ideal corporate mission statements. For example,
the company’s corporate mission provides information about products, customers, target markets, and
technology. Apple’s corporate vision indicates a strategy of vertical integration. This strategy influences
suppliers and the company’s supply chain. Focus on excellence is also emphasized. Based on these details,
Apple’s corporate vision statement functions like a specification of values and business philosophy. These
beliefs influence Apple Inc.’s corporate culture. The corporate vision helps set the strategic objectives for
different areas of the computer technology, consumer electronics, online digital distribution services, cloud
computing, and semiconductors business.

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 Introduction:
The Coca-Cola Company, American corporation founded in
1892 and today engaged primarily in the manufacture and sale
of syrup and concentrate for Coca-Cola, a sweetened
carbonated beverage that is a cultural institution in the United
States and a global symbol of American tastes. The company
also produces and sells other soft drinks and citrus beverages.
With more than 2,800 products available in more than 200 countries, Coca-Cola is the largest beverage
manufacturer and distributor in the world and one of the largest corporations in the United States. Headquarters
are in Atlanta, Georgia.

The drink Coca-Cola was originated in 1886 by an Atlanta pharmacist, John S. Pemberton (1831–88), at his
Pemberton Chemical Company. His bookkeeper, Frank Robinson, chose the name for the drink and penned it in
the flowing script that became the Coca-Cola trademark. Pemberton originally touted his drink as a tonic for
most common ailments, basing it on cocaine from the coca leaf and caffeine-rich extracts of the kola nut; the
cocaine was removed from Coca-Cola’s formula in about 1903. Pemberton sold his syrup to local soda
fountains, and, with advertising, the drink became phenomenally successful. By 1891 another Atlanta
pharmacist, Asa Griggs Candler (1851–1929), had secured complete ownership of the business (for a total cash
outlay of $2,300 and the exchange of some proprietary rights), and he incorporated the Coca-Cola Company the
following year. The trademark “Coca-Cola” was registered in the U.S. Patent Office in 1893.

Under Candler’s leadership, sales rose from about 9,000 gallons of syrup in 1890 to 370,877 gallons in 1900.
Also during that decade, syrup-making plants were established in Dallas, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia, and
the product came to be sold in every U.S. state and territory as well as in Canada. In 1899 the Coca-Cola
Company signed its first agreement with an independent bottling company, which was allowed to buy the syrup
and produce, bottle, and distribute the Coca-Cola drink. Such licensing agreements formed the basis of a unique
distribution system that now characterizes most of the American soft-drink industry. Capitalized at $100,000 in
1892 upon incorporation, the Coca-Cola Company was sold in 1919 for $25 million to a group of investors led
by Atlanta businessman Ernest Woodruff. His son, Robert Win-ship Woodruff, guided the company as president
and chairman for more than three decades (1923–55).

In 1978 Coca-Cola became the only company allowed to sell cold packaged beverages in the People’s Republic
of China. In 1982 the company introduced its low-calorie sugar-free soft drink Diet Coke(originally named Diet

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Coca-Cola). In 1985 the company changed the flavour of Coca-Cola, which thereafter was commonly referred
to as New Coke.

Corporate Mission
Statement:
Our mission is:
 To refresh the world in mind, body and spirit
 To inspire moments of optimism and happiness through our brands and actions
 To create value and make a difference.

Corporate Vission Statement:

To achieve our mission, we have developed a set of goals, which we will work with our bottlers to deliver:
People: Inspiring each other to be the best we can be by providing a great place to work
Portfolio: Offering the world a portfolio of drinks brands that anticipate and satisfy people's desires and needs
Partners: Nurturing a winning network of partners and building mutual loyalty
Planet: Being a responsible global citizen that makes a difference by helping to build and support sustainable
communities
Profit: Maximizing long-term return to shareholders, while being mindful of our overall responsibilities
Productivity: Being a highly effective, lean and fast-moving organization.

The Coca Cola Company Values

Our shared values guide our actions and describe how we behave in the world:
 Leadership: The courage to shape a better future
 Collaboration: Leverage collective genius
 Integrity: Be real
 Accountability: If it is to be, it's up to me
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  Passion: Committed in heart and mind
 Diversity: As inclusive as our brands
 Quality: What we do, we do well

Strategic CSR Communication:

Abstract:
Increasingly critical and sophisticated stakeholders request companies to engage in Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) activities and to communicate about such efforts. Driven by such an energetic demand,
CSR communication seems like a straightforward task: to inform stakeholders better about corporate CSR
activities. Yet, strategic CSR communication is anything but a straightforward endeavor. Communicating an
organization as a socially responsible entity implies not only better information but also that organizational
members develop a concurrent sensitivity towards the changing expectations among a variety of stakeholders
who voice their concerns with different intensity and on different topics. This book raises the key issues, the
challenges, and the complexity that face managers as they engage themselves and their organizations in a
stakeholder dialogue about on communicating their CSR efforts.

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 Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility: A Research Framework:
Abstract:
In this study, we propose a CSR research model focusing on the impacts of CSR on stakeholder perceptions and
company outcomes. Research questions posited mainly involve a quadripartite view of the impacts of CSR. We
propose a stakeholder-centric model of CSR, conceptualizing the factors that cause company stakeholders to
form assessments of CSR initiatives. Specifically, we argue that the impacts of CSR on stakeholder perceptions
should be investigated using perspectives from individual-, company-, policy-, and country-level factors.
Moreover, we use the relationship marketing literature to suggest a route through which CSR likely translates
into innovation, a major source of company and country level competitiveness. Specifically, we argue that CSR
likely influences stakeholder-related behavioural and attitudinal outcomes (i.e., company trust, identification
and commitment), which in turn increases stakeholders’ tendencies to co-create value with the firm. In this
respect, we introduce to the literature a new CSR outcome, namely co-creation of value intentions.

Pavlos A. Vlachos

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 Corporate social responsibility research: the importance of context:

Abstract
There has, in recent times, been an increasing interest in understanding corporate social (and environmental)
responsibility (CSR) and, in particular, CSR reporting in developing countries. However, many of these studies
fail to investigate fully the contextual factors that influence CSR and reporting in those countries, preferring to
rely on theories and hypotheses developed from studies undertaken in the West, particularly the US, UK and
Australasia. It may be argued that this is appropriate as many emerging economies are experiencing growth and
moving towards having a more market-based orientation. Notwithstanding this, a large number of these
countries have an entirely different socio-political environment, with different political regimes, legal systems
and cultural influences. These factors have a significant effect on the applicability of theories such as
stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory and accountability theory, which are commonly used to explain the
phenomenon of reporting. In State Capitalist countries, such as China, an important influence on companies is
the political ideology that underpins the nation’s government. The nature and impact of ideology and hegemony
in China has been under-studied and, therefore, investigating how the ideology, and competing forces that may
mitigate its influence, manifest themselves in Chinese reporting are essential. In the Middle East, countries such
as Saudi Arabia have no free press, are ruled by a royal family, have a market dominated by the oil industry, and
potential religious influences. Such socio-cultural differences mean societies develop different understandings
of concepts such as sustainability and social responsibility. Finally, countries such as Sri Lanka have some
similarities to other developing countries, but their economy is set against a background of a recent civil war –
operating in a post-conflict economy is a factor rarely considered in social and environmental disclosure, yet

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has important influence on policy in these areas. This paper discusses three contextual issues that warrant more
and improved consideration in CSR research, with particular emphasis on CSR reporting research.

International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility (2016)

CSR Activities of Apple Inc:

Apple is committed to the highest standards of social responsibility across our worldwide supply chain. We
insist that all of our suppliers provide safe working conditions, treat workers with dignity and respect, and use
environmentally responsible manufacturing processes. Our actions from thorough site audits to industry-
leading training programs demonstrate this commitment.

People:
Empowering people through education, skill building and a safe and respectful workplace. Over 3.6 million
supplier employees have participated in education and skill-building programs to date.

Building new skills for the future

Our education programs are designed to provide a path to advancement for the people in our supply chain, from
life skills to vocational certifications and college degrees. Here are the stories of a few of those employees who
participated in Apple education programs in 2018. For the millions of employees who work for Apple’s
suppliers, advancement often begins with education. That means education of all kinds — vocational education,
education in the soft skills that help employees become better managers, and health education that gives them
tools to manage their wellbeing. Apple’s education programs are designed to function like a staircase, allowing
participants to climb, one step at a time, toward their goals.

Creating paths to advancement new skills, degrees, and pathways

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Since 2008, we’ve provided the people in our supply chain with opportunities to take part in education and
skill-building programs. We began with classrooms that offered supplier employees access to online learning
that spanned life skills to enrichment to college degrees. As our education program grew, we reached more
people, in more parts of our supply chain, with more diverse offerings. Today, employees in our manufacturing
supply chain, and people deeper in our supply chain have access to skill-building that can help them advance in
their jobs, and gain further education.

Coding a new career path

In 2017, a program was created to share Apple’s Swift coding technology with supply chain employees. Swift
was developed by Apple as an intuitive tool that makes learning to code fun and interactive. Our coding
program initially focused on bringing training to supplier employees in several major sites around China, and
started with the basics. Once familiar with operating systems and interfaces, students began learning to code.
The program offers interactive lessons to teach key coding concepts, and additional challenges and templates
encourage students to explore code in engaging new ways. In 2018, the next phase of Swift content rolled out to
participating supplier facilities, an intensive App Development with Swift training program. At the end of the
program, many students had the skills to successfully create their own app. The apps cover a wide range of
topics, from real-time machine maintenance to employee engagement and community building.

New skills for the workforce of tomorrow

 Skill building for smart manufacturing

 Skill building for tomorrow’s leaders

Health education
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Elevating knowledge In 2017, our education efforts expanded to health. The Health Program was launched
using a peer-to-peer training model at several supplier facilities in China in an effort to empower women in our
supply chain with information to maintain their health. Beyond basic health knowledge, the program provides
vital information and training on critical topics such as self-examination for early breast cancer detection,
nutrition, personal care, and maternal health. We set an ambitious goal — to bring health awareness to over
one million people in our supply chain by 2020.

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Planet
Greener factories, greener communities

In 2018, 100% of final assembly sites for iPhone, iPad, Mac, Apple Watch, AirPods, and HomePod achieved UL
Zero Waste certification.

Greener supply chains reach beyond factory walls

Our supply chain environmental programs encourage suppliers to consider the impact their operations can make
outside their factory walls, to the communities that support the making of an Apple product.

Water stewardship leading the way

Since 2013, Apple’s Clean Water Program has provided support and education that enables suppliers to
conserve water, find ways to reuse or recycle water in manufacturing operations, and ensure that the water
discharged from our supplier facilities is as clean as possible.

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Safer process chemicals Industry-leading standards
Since 2014, we’ve partnered with suppliers to implement an industryleading Chemical Management Program to
protect the people who help make Apple products, and the environment. The program provides support and
education that enables participating suppliers to implement a rigorous chemical management system that
includes driving transparency about chemical use, volumes consumed, and strengthening safe-use practices.

Progress toward safer, greener chemicals

We strengthen our chemical management efforts every year to keep our factories, and the people who work in
them, safe. In 2018, process chemicals at our final assembly facilities were verified as 100 percent compliant
with Apple’s RSS for the fourth year in a row. We continue to enhance the RSS; in 2018, we added n-Propyl
Bromide (nPB) to the list of banned chemicals for cleaning and degreasing.

Eliminating waste Products that add up to zero waste

To minimize our impact on the planet, we provide support and education that enables our suppliers to reduce the
amount of waste sent to landfill while manufacturing Apple products. In 2015, the Zero Waste Program was
created. Through this program, suppliers must identify waste elimination opportunities. To help our suppliers
achieve this objective, we provide tools and guidance, including the services of experts in sustainable waste
management solutions. Suppliers dedicate months to identifying ways to reuse or recycle materials and divert
waste from landfills. This can result in suppliers not only improving their environmental management systems,
but also benefiting from sustained conservation of resources.

Green Factories
In 2018, 12 Apple supplier facilities received the Chinese Government’s Green Factory designation, bringing
the total number of Apple supplier facilities awarded this designation to 16. Awarded by the Ministry of
Information and Industry Technology, the Green Factory designation is part of China’s “Green by 2025”
manufacturing plan. Launched in 2016, this government initiative has set out to identify 1000 factories that
represent best practices in green manufacturing. In addition, we are supporting the China Electronic

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 Standardization Institute as part of the drafting committee for the development of green standards for
electronics manufacturing in China.

Clean, renewable energy

We’re also working with our suppliers to transition to using clean, renewable energy in their operations.
Through our Clean Energy Program, Apple and our suppliers are working to generate and procure more than 4
gigawatts of renewable energy worldwide by 2020 to reduce emissions associated with making Apple products.

Energy Consumption by Apple

 Apple is often praised for its environmental records that include decrease of total power consumption of
Apple products by 57%, introduction of Mac mini as the world’s most energy-efficient desktop
computer and exceeding ENERGY STAR guidelines

 Apple emerges as the only company that has been awarded with a Clean Energy Index of 100%,
according to Greenpeace’s Clicking Clean Report.

 The company is currently powers 100% of its operations globally with 10% renewable energy

 The multinational technology company has committed to bring 4 gigawatts of renewable power online
by 2020

Carbon Emissions by Apple:

 Apple reduced its overall carbon footprint from 29.5 million metric tons in 2016 to 27.5 million metric
tons in 2017. As it is illustrated in Figure 2 below, the company’s renewable energy program made a massive
contribution to reduce the volume of CO2 emissions to a significant extent.

Apple and Sustainable Sourcing:

 All the fibers Apple uses in product packaging are 100% responsible sourced

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 The company partnered with The Conservation Fund to protect 36,000 acres of sustainable forest in
North Carolina and Maine and more than 13,000 metric tons of wood was harvested responsibly.

Water Consumption by Apple:

 In 2017, Apple used about 1 billion gallons of water directly, a 59 percent increase compared to 2016
 The company launched Clean Water Program in 2013 and since more than 13,6 billion gallons of water
have been saved by suppliers
 Cooling systems in company’s date centres can reuse water up to 35 times.

CSR Activities of Coca Cola

Coca Cola releases Sustainability Report that comprises the details of CSR programs and initiatives engaged by
the company. Coca Cola aims to give back at least 1% of its annual income for charitable causes annually. The
figure below illustrates the pattern of distribution of this fund in 2013.

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 Categories of
CSR activities Coca Cola Performance

During the period of 2012-2013 Coca Cola is mentioned in 26

lists, including the World’s 25 Best Multinational Workplaces
Educating and
2013 compiled by the
empowering
Great Place to Work® Institute.
workers

Company’s EthicsLine channel provides stakeholders an

opportunity to inform perceived violations of Code of Business
Conduct, Workplace Rights or any other violations in a secure
and anonymous manner.

In 2013, 44% of workforce in the US was multicultural and 1010

Labor and human
military veterans were hired during the year.
rights

100 out of 400 new beverage products introduced in 2013 are

reduced-, low-, or no calorie.
94% of company-owned facilities comply with Coca Cola
Workplace Rights Policy
The rate of lost-time incident decreased in 2013, dropping to a
low of 1.9
Health and safety
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 Energy efficiency improved by 20% compared to 2004

100 service vans in the US have been converted into efficient

hybrid-electric vehicles
Environment
Coca Cola has announced a program to reduce carbon footprint
a) energy
by 25% by 2020
consumption
Coca Cola has announced its commitment to balance its water
usage by 2020. In 2013 the company has replenished an
estimated 68% of the volume of its finished beverages and
returned about 108.5 billion liters of water to communities and
the nature.

b) water Efficiency of water usage is improved for 11 year in a row,

th

consumption totaling to 8% improvement since 2010.

The company helped economically empower more than 865,000

women within the scope of 5by20 program in 2014. The
program aims to achieve economic empowerment of 5 million
women by the year of 2020.
Coca Cola has supported more than 290 physical activity
programs in nearly 125 countries and territories it operates.

PlantBottle packaging is developed as an ambitious initiative to

develop plastic bottles made partially from plants.
In the scope of its attempt to engage in responsible marketing
Coca Cola does not advertise its products to children younger
than 12 years old. Accordingly, the company does not buy
advertising that directly targets the audience that is more than
35% children under 12.
Other initiatives

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Conclusion:
In comparison to Apple & Coca Cola

In my opinion the Coca Cola is doing much better CSR activities as compare to Apple Inc.

I would like to conclude that companies like Coke Cola does a smart work and make good social strategies at
the name of CSR so that it could increases its profit and reputation or goodwill in such a manner that it could
bring social impact through the world. Moreover the strategic social investment that they come up is with the
mindset that it could benefit the society at large and the environment also. Coca Cola has smart approach
towards CSR in which they increase their profitability and brand image so that their shareholders are satisfied
with the performance of the company and on one hand and is bringing social impact on the other hand.

Bibliography
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Apple.inc. (2019). Retrieved from www.apple.com: https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/

Coca Cola Journey. (2017). Retrieved from www.coca-cola.co.uk: https://www.coca-cola.co.uk/about-us/mission-vision-

and-values

panmore.com. (2019, Feburary 13). Retrieved from Panmore Institute: http://panmore.com/apple-mission-statement-

vision-statement

papers.ssrn.com. (2013, December 13). Retrieved from SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?

abstract_id=1427806

papers.ssrn.com. (2017, September 11). Retrieved from SSRN: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?

abstract_id=3086608

research methodology. (2015, August 25). Retrieved from research-methodology.net: https://research-

methodology.net/coca-cola-corporate-social-responsibility/

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researchgate. (2016, june). Retrieved from www.researchgate.net:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304672073_Corporate_social_responsibility_research_the_importan
ce_of_context

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