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Power Supplies
Overview
In this chapter, you will learn to
• Warning
- Set it properly before
measuring
- If not, damage can occur
Testing AC Voltage
• Verifies wiring of outlet
- Can convert
Molex to SATA
Soft Power
• ATX power supplies first to use
- P1 power connector
• Configured in
CMOS
Power Supply Versions
Version Year of Introduction
Included Power Cable Connectors
PC 1981 Original PC Main
4-pin Peripheral
ATX 1995 20-pin Main
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
ATX 12V 1.0 2000 20-pin Main
4-pin ATX +12V
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
6-pin Auxiliary
ATX 12V 1.3 2003 20-pin Main
4-pin ATX +12V
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
6-pin Auxiliary
SATA
Power Supply Versions
VersionYear of Introduction
Included Power Cable Connectors
ATX 12V 2.0 2003 24-pin Main
4-pin ATX +12V
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
6-pin PCI Express
SATA
EPS 12V 2003 24-pin Main
8-pin EPS +12V
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
6-pin PCI Express
SATA
PCI Express 2.0 2007 24-pin Main
4-pin ATX +12V
8-pin EPS +12V
4-pin Peripheral
Floppy Drive
6-pin PCI Express
8-pin PCI Express
SATA
Original PC Power Cables
• Introduced in 1981
Plugged in side-by side, either black to black or sparks to smoked
• Standard 5V and 12V supplies
• Maximum power usage 65 watt
4-pin Peripheral Power Cables
Niche Market
Power Supply Form Factors
Form Factors
Niche market power supply form factors
- TFX12V, SFX12V, CFX12V, LFX12V
• Active PFC
- Power Factor Correction
- Common in quality power supplies
- Eliminates harmonics
Wattage Requirements
Every device requires some wattage
- Often starting requirements are higher than running
requirements
• General recommendation
- Use at least a 400 W power supply
- Enough extra for starting and future growth
Installing, Maintaining, and
Troubleshooting Power Supplies
Installing
• Removing
- Disconnect wires
- Remove 4 standard screws
- Remove PS
• To install
- Place PS in case
- Replace screws
- Connect wires
ATX Soft Power and CMOS
Some ATX power supplies provide a
An ATX power supply never turns off
real on/off switch on the back
- Continues to supply 5V to the
motherboard as long as it is
connected to the power outlet
- Hundreds of chipsets
supported
When Power Supplies Die
- Sudden death
• When the fan doesn’t turn and no voltage is present
• Computer simply stops working
• 12 V ± 10%
- 10.8 to 13.2 V • 5V ± 10%
- If readings are outside - 4.5 to 5.5 V
tolerance and symptoms • 3.3 V ± 10%
exist, replace power
supply - 2.97 to 3.63 V
Power Supply Test
• Power supplies need a load
- Plug into motherboard
- Plug into tester
• Intermittent problems
- Sometimes occur, sometimes don’t
- You could measure voltage now and it’s good;
10 minutes later, system crashes
• Class B
- Flammable liquids such as gasoline
• Class C
- Live electrical equipment
• Rail power
- Look for power supplies that offer 16
to 18 A per 12 V rail
Different Components of Power Supply
Different Components of Power Supply
• Y type capacitor
Which is connected between live and
neutral ground and lead electrical shock
to ground.
Different Components of Power Supply
• Manual power
switch that is on
the AT power
supply models
Different Components of Power Supply
• Common mode
choke coils are
used to suppress
common mode
noise
Power Supplies Plug Type
https://slideplayer.com/slide/6083199/