Ayon sa pagpapahayag ni Constantino, isang dalubwika, ang wika ay

maituturing na behikulo ng pagpapahayag ng damdamin, isang insrumento rin sa

pagtatago at pagsisiwalat ng katotohanan.

Ang wika ay kasangkapang ating pulitikaat ekonomiya.Ang mabisang paggamit

nitoang nagpapakilos sa tao at nagagawang manipulahin ang mali at tama sa lipunang
ating kinabibilangan.
https://filipinoastig.wordpress.com/wika/

Wikang Pambansa, Wikang Panturo, Wikang Opisyal

-Pagkakaroon ng isang ________ na ibabatay sa mga umiiral na katutubong wika

-Bigkis ng pambansang pagkakaisa
-itinatag ni Manuel Quezon ang batas komonwelt Blg. 184
-Pinagtibay ni Quezon ang kautusang tagapagpaganap Blg 134 na ipinatupad noong
1937
-Artikulo XIII, Seksiyon 3 ng Batas 1935
-Batas Komonwelt Blg. 184
-Tagapagpaganap Blg 134
- Kautusang Tagapagpaganap Blg 263
https://quizlet.com/303907947/wikang-
pambansa-opisyal-at-panturo-flash-cards/

Bilingual
Bilingual as a Noun: “A person fluent in two languages”
Bilingual as an Adjective: “Speaking two languages fluently”
It really isn’t that simple, because the word “fluent” also can also mean different things
to different people. And, it varies on who you speak to, or which research you read, as
to how fluent someone needs to be, to be called bilingual.

When you look at what it means to be bilingual, different people have different ideas
on how fluent someone needs to be in the two languages they speak, to actually be
considered bilingual.
“Speaking two languages fluently” is one definition. But if talk about monolinguals who
speak only one language, and we consider everyone “fluent” in that language, there are
many differences in the levels of “fluency.”
Sometimes the amount of education a person has received will influence the amount of
vocabulary they have. Does it mean that someone less educated is less fluent in their
native language?

https://bilingualkidspot.com/2017/06/04/what-does-bilingual-mean-
definition/

Multilingual

Multilinguals and polyglots are those who speak more than 4 languages, they are
obviously less common, in fact only around 3% for 4 language speakers and less than
one per thousand for those who speak more than 5 languages. There are countries
known to have more multilinguals and polyglots in higher percentages, such as in
Switzerland (German, Italian, French, Romansh, and English), Morocco (Arabic,
French, Spanish, Moroccan and English). In this category, factors such as foreign
influence, diversity in the vocabulary of the native language are leading factors. For
example the Moroccan dialect is rich with foreign words; it contains a mixture of Arabic,
French, and Spanish words. That fact alone already gives the speaker an advantage
and a head start towards multilingualism.
Here are factors that contribute to speaking more than one language:

 If you speak one language at home and another outside with friends, at school or
at work.
 If your native language is full of foreign words.
 If you live in a country influenced by other cultures and eventually other
languages.
 If you live in a country with open borders with other nations speaking different
languages.
 If you love languages and willing to dedicate time learning them.
 Ability to learn and memorize a good number of new words.
 Interest in grammar and attention to detail.

http://ilanguages.org/bilingual.php
Varyasyon ng Wika

1.
Dayalek/ Dayalekto
-pagkakaiba
–
iba o baryasyon sa loob ng isang particular na wika.-wikang sinasalita ng isang
neyographical.Hal: pakiurong nga po ang plato (Bulacan
–
hugasan)pakiurong nga po ang plato (Maynila

Idyolek
-nakagawiang pamamaraan sa pagsasalita ng isang individual o ngisang pangkat ng
mgatao. ( uri ng wikang ginagamit at iba pa)-Individwal na estilo ng paggamit ng isang
tao sa kanyang wika.Hal: Tagalog

Sosyolek
-baryasyon ng wika batay sa katayuan sa lipunan ng nagsasalita osa pangkat na
kanyangkinabibilangan.-may kinalaman sa katayuang sosyo-ekonomiko ng
nagsasalitaHal: Wika ng mag-aaralWika ng matanda4.

Register
-isang baryasyon sa wika na may kaugnayan sa taong nagsasalit ogumagamit ng wika.-
mas madalas nakikita/nagagamit sa isang particular na disiplina.-pagkakaroon ng
pagbabago ng wika sa taong nagsasalit ogumagamit ng wika ayon sa
 Communication Process
-Communication is the process of conveying information
between two or more people. The communication process is the steps
we take in order to achieve a successful communication.

1. Sender

The sender or the communicator generates the message and conveys it to

the receiver. He is the source and the one who starts the communication

2. Message

It is the idea, information, view, fact, feeling, etc. that is generated by the
sender and is then intended to be communicated further.

3. Encoding

The message generated by the sender is encoded symbolically such as in

the form of words, pictures, gestures, etc. before it is being conveyed.

4. Media

It is the manner in which the encoded message is transmitted. The message

may be transmitted orally or in writing. The medium of communication
includes telephone, internet, post, fax, e-mail, etc. The choice of medium is
decided by the sender.

5. Decoding

It is the process of converting the symbols encoded by the sender. After

decoding the message is received by the receiver.

6. Receiver
He is the person who is last in the chain and for whom the message was sent
by the sender. Once the receiver receives the message and understands it in
proper perspective and acts according to the message, only then the
purpose of communication is successful.

7. Feedback

Once the receiver confirms to the sender that he has received the message
and understood it, the process of communication is complete.

8. Noise

It refers to any obstruction that is caused by the sender, message or receiver

during the process of communication. For example, bad telephone
connection, faulty encoding, faulty decoding, inattentive receiver, poor
understanding of message due to prejudice or inappropriate gestures, etc.
 PORTFOLIO

IN

PRECALCULUS

TRASMIL, JETHRO Y.
GRADE 11(STEM)-FAVILA
TEACHER:MR.RODEL VILLALUZ GERALDOY
Discourse
Definition of Discourse
Discourse is any written or spoken communication. Discourse can also be
described as the expression of thought through language. While discourse
can refer to the smallest act of communication, the analysis can be quite
complex. Several scholars in many different disciplines have theorized
about the different types and functions of discourse.
The word discourse comes from the Latin word discursus, which means
“running to and fro.” The definition of discourse thus comes from this
physical act of transferring information “to and fro,” the way a runner might.

Types of Discourse
While every act of communication can count as an example of discourse,
some scholars have broken discourse down into four primary
types: argument, narration, description, and exposition. Many acts of
communicate include more than one of these types in quick succession.

 Argument: A form of communication meant to convince an audience

that the writer or speaker is correct, using evidence and reason.

 Narration: This form of communication tells a story, often with emotion

and empathy involved.

 Description: A form of communication that relies on the five senses to

help the audience visualize something.

 Exposition: Exposition is used to inform the audience of something with

relatively neutral language, i.e., it’s not meant to persuade or evoke
emotion.
Dell Hymes Speaking Paradigm
-developed a mnemonic device to describe the elements that make up any
speech. He referred to this as the SPEAKING model and the parts are as
follows:

S - Setting and Scene - The setting refers to the time and place while
scene describes the environment of the situation.

P - Participants - This refers to who is involved in the speech including the

speaker and the audience.

E - Ends - The purpose and goals of the speech along with any outcomes
of the speech.

A - Act Sequence - The order of events that took place during the speech.

K - Key - The overall tone or manner of the speech.

I - Instrumentalities - The form and style of the speech being given.

N - Norms - Defines what is socially acceptable at the event.

G - Genre - The type of speech that is being given.

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-the-communication-process-
definition-steps.html
https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-studies/directing/communication/
http://www.literarydevices.com/discourse/
COMMUNACATION

PROCESS