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11.7 S T R AT E G Y F O R T E S T I N G S E R I E S
1.
⬁
兺
sn
2.
⬁
兺 cos n
13. 兺
⬁
n苷1
冉 n2 ⫹ 1
2n 2 ⫹ 1
冊
n
14.
⬁
兺
n苷1
sn
e sn
n苷1 n2 ⫹ 1 n苷1 ⬁ ⬁
3 n2
⬁
4n ⬁
i4
15. 兺 4n ⫺ 5
16. 兺 sn 5 ⫹ n 2 ⫹ 2
兺 兺
n苷1 n苷1
3. 2n⫺1 4.
3 4i ⬁ ⬁
n苷1 i苷1
s
3
n⫹1
⬁
共⫺1兲 n ⬁
17. 兺 共⫺兲 n
18. 兺 n (sn ⫹ 1)
兺 兺k ⫺1.7 n苷0 n苷1
5. 6.
共ln n兲 2 ⬁ ⬁
n苷2 k苷1
2 3n⫺1
共⫺1兲 n n
⬁
10 n ⬁
n
19. 兺 n2 ⫹ 1
20. 兺 共n ⫹ 1兲共n ⫹ 2兲
兺 兺
n苷1 n苷1
7. 8.
n苷0 n! n苷1 en ⬁ ⬁
1 tan共1兾n兲
⬁
2 ⬁
3 n
21. 兺 si共i ⫹ 1兲
22. 兺 n
兺 兺
i苷1 n苷1
9. 10.
n苷2 n共ln n兲3 n苷1 5 ⫹n
n
⬁
2n
⬁
2m ⬁
n ⫹1
3
23. 兺 共2n ⫹ 1兲!
兺 兺
n苷1
11. 12.
m苷1 8m ⫺ 5 n苷2 n4 ⫺ 1
Stewart: Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Seventh Edtion. ISBN: 0538497904. © 2012 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
2 ■ SECTION 11.7 STRATEGY FOR TESTING SERIES
11.5
11.7 ANSWERS
12. Divergent
Stewart: Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Seventh Edtion. ISBN: 0538497904. © 2012 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
SECTION 11.7 STRATEGY FOR TESTING SERIES ■ 3
11.7 SOLUTIONS
∞ n
n3 + 1 1
∞
4n 4 with an = and bn = .
3. =3 n4 − 1 n
32n−1 9
which is a convergent geometric
n=1 n=1 an n4 + n 1 + 1 n3
4
lim = lim 4 = lim = 1, and
series (|r| = < 1.) n→∞ bn n→∞ n − 1 n→∞ 1 − 1 /n4
9
∞
∞ n3 + 1
since bn diverges (harmonic series), so does .
ai+1
(i + 1)4 4i+1 n=2 n=2 n − 1
4
4. lim = lim
i→∞ ai i→∞ i4 /4i
4 n2 + 1 1
1 i+1 1 13. lim n
|an | = lim = < 1, so the series
= lim = <1 n→∞ n→∞ 2n2 + 1 2
4 i→∞ i 4
converges (Root Test).
so the series converges by the Ratio Test.
√
x
5. The series converges by the Alternating Series Test, since 14. Let f (x) = √ . Then f (x) is continuous and positive, and
e x
1 √
an = is decreasing (ln x is an increasing function) 1− x
(ln n)2 f (x) = √ √x < 0 on [1,∞), so f (x) is decreasing and
Stewart: Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Seventh Edtion. ISBN: 0538497904. © 2012 Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
2 xe
and lim an = 0. we can use the Integral Test.
n→∞
∞ √ √ t
x −2x − 4 x − 4
∞ ∞
1 √ dx = lim √
6. k−1.7 = is a convergent p-series 1 e x t→∞ e x 1
k 1.7
k=1 k=1 10 10
(p = 1.7 > 1). =0− − =
e e
(using integration by parts and l’Hospital’s Rule), so the
an+1 n+1
7. lim = lim 10 / (n + 1)!
n→∞ an n→∞ 10n /n! series converges.
10 3 1 an 3
= lim =0<1 15. Let an = and bn = . Then lim = , so since
n+1
n→∞ 4n − 5 n n→∞ bn 4
so the series converges by the Ratio Test.
∞ ∞
3
bn diverges (harmonic series), so does by
an+1 n+1 n=1 4n −5
8. lim = lim (n + 1) /e n=1
n→∞ an n→∞ n/en the Limit Comparison Test.
1 n+1 1
= lim = <1 n2 1
e n→∞ n e 16. Let an = √ and bn = √ . Then
so the series converges by the Ratio Test. n5 + n2 + 2 n
an 1
∞
lim = lim √ = 1, so since bn
2 n→∞ bn n→∞ 1 + n−3 + 2n−5 n=1
9. Let f (x) = . f (x) is clearly positive and
x (ln x)3 diverges (p-series with p = 12 < 1), so does
decreasing for x ≥ 2, so we apply the Integral Test. ∞
∞ t n2
2 −1 −1 √ by the Limit Comparison Test.
dx = lim =0− , which n=1
n + n2 + 2
5
2 x (ln x)3 t→∞ (ln x)2
2 (ln 2)2
∞
2 17. The series diverges since it is a geometric series with r = −π
is finite, so converges.
n (ln n)3 and |r| = π > 1. (Or use the Test for Divergence.)
n=2