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THESIS 1
Name:
Surname First Name Middle Name
Program: BSIT
TOPIC PRESENTATION
Topic No. 1
There are natural processes in the environment that are, in fact, part of the overall
system that affects the life and development of organisms on earth. Left as they are,
the processes shall proceed without disturbing the balance that proved most
beneficial in the ecosystem. There are, however, individuals who use resources
beyond the requirements of comfortable living, and without regard for environmental
impact. As a result, there are already disadvantageous shifts in the environment in
the last two hundred years.
Phenomena such as the Green House Effect, Photochemical Smog, Acid Rain, and
the Depletion of the Ozone Layer are promoted to destructive proportion by
urbanization and industrialization without regard to environmental sustainability. As
such, these occurrences pose real danger to the world at present.
B. Background of Study
In March 2004, the Philippines started using 1% coconut methyl ester (CME) in a
blend with diesel to power the government fleets of vehicles. The producers of the
ester were recommending the use of 5% CME. This however cannot be done
immediately in such a big scale because the sudden increase in demand for coconut
oil may put undue stress in the market (considering the many competing uses of
coconut oil) causing increase in prices. The identification of other appropriate methyl
esters and their most advantageous fractions in diesel blends can promote the
substitution of a greater volume of petroleum-based fuel in the medium term.
Engine tests to determine fuel suitability are expensive and at times impossible to
undertake due to the limitation, even absence, of necessary facilities. Usually, it is
easier and less expensive to do laboratory tests for properties that affect fuel
handling and use in a diesel engine. If the results of such laboratory tests can be
related to the fuel’s cetane number, then a satisfactory initial evaluation of suitability
covering combustion characteristics, transport and storage can be made. The
expensive engine tests can be considerably decreased to a small number of
confirmation runs only for the more promising fuels.
C. Research Description
1. Organize a set of validated and relevant data for a number of methyl ester-
diesel blends derived from varied feedstocks;
2. Establish general rules that relate cetane number with the blend properties
under consideration, such as viscosity, pour point, cloud point, cold filter
plugging point, lubricity, and oxidation stability;
3. Determine if the rules vary with respect to the biomass feedstock in the methyl
ester production;
4. Show if the rules differ with the fraction of methyl ester in the blend; and
5. Compare the results from the application of rough set theory with those from
variable correlation and step-wise regressions.
Rose 2 Lite is used to test for variable relationships and to establish the rules that
govern such relationships. The dependent variable is the cetane number. The test
shall be done on the total data sample as well as on the data per ME blend.
For comparison, Pearson’s correlation shall be used to test for variable relationships
and Anova shall be used to derive an empirical equation that can predict the value of
the dependent variable, cetane number, upon the substitution of the values of the
significant independent variables.
Articulation shall be done regarding the strength of the relationship of the significant
factors with cetane number. It is deemed necessary to analyze the points of
agreement and disagreement in the results obtained from the various strategies of
data treatment. Another important study area is the complementation of results
from the different data processing techniques in order to draw clearer and stronger
conclusions.
Schedule of Activities
ACTIVITY M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
1. Data Acquisition and Organization
2. Data Treatment
3. Organization and Interpretation of
Results
4. Documentation
Resource Requirement
Reading resources:
Books, Journals, Internet articles
Software:
Rose Lite 2 and other mathematical packages
Hardware:
Complete desktop system
Expected Output
Dictionary of scientific and technical terms (1983). McGraw-Hill, Inc. 3rd ed.
Greco, S., Matarazzo, B. and Slowinski, R. (1999). Rough approximation of
preference relation by dominance relations. European Journal of
Operational Research 117 (1), 63 – 83.
Greco, S., Matarazzo, B. and Slowinski, R. (2001). Rough set theory for
multicriteria decision analysis. European Journal of Operational Research
129 (1), 1 - 47.
Greco, S., Matarazzo, B. and Slowinski, R. (2002). Rough set methodology for
sorting problems in presence of multiple attributes and criteria. European
Journal of Operational Research 138 (2), 247 - 259.
Kinast, J. (2003). Production of biodiesels from multiple feedstocks and
properties of biodiesels and biodiesel/diesel blends. Gas Technology
Institute Final Report 1.
Pawlak, Z. 1997. Rough set approach to knowledge-based decision support.
European Journal of Operational Research 99 (1), 48 - 57.
Tan, R. (2003) Rule-based environmental life cycle assessment using modified
rough set induction methodology.
Volume of world petroleum reserves. The Physics Factbook.
http://hypertextbook.com/facts/ 2000/EvanAbel.shtml/
Date: Date: